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Tropa Talks. Vehicles and Binders

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Judy Anne De ade
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70 views20 pages

Tropa Talks. Vehicles and Binders

Uploaded by

Judy Anne De ade
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TROPA TALKS

VEHICLES AND BINDERS


PAINTS AND COATINGS

www.facebook.com/christelmae.guno [email protected]

twitter.com/deadeJudy Tropa Talks


PRESENTATION
HIGHLIGHTS
WHAT WE'LL Definition
Characteristics
Sources and Types
DISCUSS Manufacturing and
Industrial
Standards
VEHICLES

composed of the binder


combination of binder and diluent
(solvent)
the binder may be dissolved as a
solution or carried as a dispersion
of microscopically small particles in
a liquid
once the paint has dried up or
cured very nearly, all of the diluent
has evaporated and only the binder
is left on the coated surface.
VEHICLES

an important quantity in coatings


formulation is the vehicle solids,
sometimes called the "resin solids"
of the formula.
this is the proportion of the wet
coating weight that is binder.
BINDERS

macromolecular mass products with


a molecular mass between 500 to
around 30,000.
can be specified according to drying,
or curing mechanism
Drying - refers to evaporation of
of vehicle
Curing - refers to polymerization
of the binder
.
BINDERS

Two types:
Higher Molecular mass products
include cellulose nitrate and
polyacrylate and vinyl
chloride coplymers
suitable for physical film
formation
Low Molecular mass products
include alkyd resins, phenolic
resins polyisocyanates and
epoxy resins
Characteristics
To produce acceptable films, binders must be chemically

hardened after application to the substrate to produce

high molecular mass cross-linked macromolecules.

Increasing Relative molecular mass of the binder in the

polymer film improves properties, such as elasticity,

hardness, and impact deformation, but also leads to

higher solution viscosity of the binder.

TROPA TALKS
Characteristics
While the usefulness of a coating is enhanced by good

mechanical film properties, low viscosity combined

with low solvents content are also desirable for ease of

application and for environmental reasons.

Therefore, a compromise is necessary. The low

molecular mass binders have low viscosity and allow

low-emission paints with high solid contents or even

solvent-free paints to be produced

TROPA TALKS
Characteristics
Here, the binder consists of a mixture of several

reactive component, and film formation takes place by

chemical drying application of the paint.

If chemical hardening occurs even at room temperature,

the binder components must be mixed together shortly

before or even during application.

TROPA TALKS
Characteristics
Today, most binders are:

Synthetic resins

such as alkyd or epoxy resins

based on cyclohexanone, acetophenone, or aldehydes

are softer and more flexible than hard resins

impact good elasticity, impact resistance, and

improved adhesion, even to critical undercoats

offer adequate resistance to weathering and

chemicals.

TROPA TALKS
Characteristics
Today, most binders are:

Synthetic resins

produced with a property profile tailored to suit

particular application methods

comply with a range of technical requirements,

including environmental protection, low toxicity, and

suitability for recycling and disposal

TROPA TALKS
Characteristics
Today, most binders are:

Natural Resins

most commonly used is rosin, which is often tailored

by chemical modification to suit specific applications

Hard Resin Binders

increase the solids content

accelerate drying

improve surface hardness, luster, and adhesion

TROPA TALKS
Functions
VEHICLE BINDERS
the main purpose of the vehicle is the binder or resin forms the
to adjust the viscosity of the paint matrix of the coatings, the
it is volatile and does not continuous polymeric phase in
become part of the paint film which all other components can
it can also control flow and be incorporated
application properties. the resin is the film-forming agent
its main function is as the carrier of the paint
for the non-volatile components. its density and composition are
water is the main vehicle for water- primarily responsible for
based paints. determining the permeability,
only liquids in which the body and chemical resistance, and
pigment are soluble ultraviolet (UV) resistance of the
facilitate the paint to be coating.
conveniently spread over the
surface or substrate
For Binders:
The three most important binders (resins) in modern paints are:
Acrylic polymers (resins)
Alkyd polymers (resins)
Epoxy polymers (resins)

Acrylic polymers (resins)


the binder in many emulsion paints is based on
homoplymers or co-polymers of ethenyl ethanoate (vinyl
acetate) and propenoate ( acrylic) ester.
other acrylic esters used as co-monomers with ethyl
ethanoate are ethyl propenoate, butyl propenoates, or a
co-polymer of butyl propenoate and methyl-2-
methylpropenoate.

Sources and Types


the polymer used in these paints are carried in water
which as described above is much better for the
environment than paints in which the binders are in
organic solvents

Alkyd polymers (resins)


decorative gloss paints typically contain alkyd polymers
(resins). A typical resin is that produced from polyol such
as propane-1,2,3-triol (glycerol) with dibasic acid such as
benzene- 1,2-dicarbooxylic (phthalic) anhydride and a
drying oil (linseed or soybean oil). On being heated
together, ester linkages are formed, and water is a by-
product.
the name alkyd is derived from alcohol and anhydride.

Sources and Types


Epoxy Polymers (resins)
often used as the binder in industrial coatings (primers).
they give the paint excellent adhesion togetehr with
high resistance to chemicals (corrosion), and a physical
resistance necessary, for example, on ships and chemical
storage tanks.
made from 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane (produced from 3-
chloropropene) and substituted phenols.
can be carried in solvents such as aromatic hydrocarbons,
alcohols, ketone, and esters or as dispersions in water as
the true emulsions.
they are not normally used in topcoats for outdoors because
they are susceptible to UV degradation, but they make
excellent interior coatings and exterior primer.
are also used as adhesives (e.g. Araldite) and electrical
insulators.

Sources and Types


For Vehicles :
Solvent-based, sometimes called oil-based, paints can have
various combinations of solvents as the vehicle, including
aliphatic, aromatics, alcohols, and ketones.
These include organic solvents such as petroleum distillate,
alcohols, ketones, esters, glycol ethers, and the like.
Sometimes volatile low-molecular weight synthetic resins
also serve as diluents, Linseed oil, Soya bean oil, fish oil,
dehydrated castor oil.

Sources and Types


Manufacturing & Industrial Standards
For binders in paints and varnishes

ISO 11908:1996 - Amino resins-General methods of test

ISO 10283:2007 - Determination of monomeric

diisocyanates in isocyanate resins

ISO 11668:1997 - Chlorinated polymerization resins-

General methods of test

ISO 11909:2007 - Polyisocyanates resins - General

methods of test

ISO 13632:2012 - Rosin - Sampling and samplr

preparations for color measurements


Manufacturing & Industrial Standards
For binders in paints and varnishes

ISO 13885-1:2008 - Gel permeation chromatography

(GPC) - Part 1: Tetrahydrofuran (THF) as eluent

ISO 14446: 1999 - Determination of the viscosity of

industrial cellulose nitrate solutions and

classifications of such solutions

ISO 15715: 2003 - Determination of turbidity

ISO 16805: 2003 - Determination of glasss transition

temperature
TROPA TALKS

THANK YOU!

www.facebook.com/christelmae.guno [email protected]

twitter.com/deadeJudy Tropa Talks

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