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Laporan Resmi Praktikum 2 Pulse Code Modulation PCM 3 & 4 Bit

This document discusses a lab report on Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) using 3-bit and 4-bit quantization. It presents the process of sampling, quantization, encoding and decoding of an analog signal for transmission. The results show the quantized and encoded signal for each bit used in PCM. Analysis is provided on the quantization process for 3-bit and 4-bit PCM. The conclusion states that PCM is a process that converts analog signals to digital and vice versa, involving sampling, quantization, coding and decoding.

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imroatus sholichah
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184 views13 pages

Laporan Resmi Praktikum 2 Pulse Code Modulation PCM 3 & 4 Bit

This document discusses a lab report on Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) using 3-bit and 4-bit quantization. It presents the process of sampling, quantization, encoding and decoding of an analog signal for transmission. The results show the quantized and encoded signal for each bit used in PCM. Analysis is provided on the quantization process for 3-bit and 4-bit PCM. The conclusion states that PCM is a process that converts analog signals to digital and vice versa, involving sampling, quantization, coding and decoding.

Uploaded by

imroatus sholichah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LAPORAN RESMI

PRAKTIKUM 2

Pulse Code Modulation

PCM 3 & 4 BIT

PRAKTIKUM TEKNIK PENGKODEAN

Disusun oleh :

Imroatus Sholichah

(1210197004)

2 D4 PJJ TELEKOMUNIKASI

POLITEKNIK ELEKTRONIKA NEGERI

SURABAYA

2021
PCM 3 BIT

%PCM dengan proses quantisasi


%PCM Transmiter
fm=2; %Freq Sinyal
fs=1000*fm; %Freq Sampling
t=0:1/fs:1; %Waktu Periode
t1=0:25/fs:1;
a=3.5; %Amplitudo
x=a*sin(2*pi*fm*t); %Sinyal Sinus (informasi)
x1=a*sin(2*pi*fm*t1);

figure(1);
subplot(211)
plot(t,x,'r-','linewidth',2)
ylabel('Amplitudo')
title('Sinyal informasi')
grid on
subplot(212)
stem(t1,x1,'g')
xlabel('Time')
ylabel('Amplitude')
title('Sinyal Tersampling')
grid on

%Proses Quantisasi (Mid-Tread


enc=[];
for i=1:length(x)
if x(i)>0.5 && x(i)<=1.5
xq(i)=1;
e=[1 0 0];
elseif x(i)>1.5 && x(i)<2.5
xq(i)=2;
e=[1 0 1];
elseif x(i)>2.5 && x(i)<3.5
xq(i)=3;
e=[1 1 0];
elseif x(i)>-3.5 && x(i)<-2.5
xq(i)=-3;
e=[0 0 0];
elseif x(i)>-2.5 && x(i)<-1.5
xq(i)=-2;
e=[0 0 1];
elseif x(i)>-1.5 && x(i)<-0.5
xq(i)=-1;
e=[0 1 0];
elseif x(i)>-0.5 && x(i)<0.5
xq(i)=0;
e=[0 1 1];
end
enc=[enc e];
end

figure(2)
subplot(211)
plot(t,x,'b',t,xq,'m-','linewidth',2)
xlabel('Time')
ylabel('Amplituedo')
title('Sinyal Quantisasi')
grid on
subplot(212)
%figure(3)
plot(t,x-xq,'r-')
xlabel('Amplitudo sample Sinyal Informasi')
ylabel('Error Amlitudo')
title('Error Quantisasi')
grid on

%PCM Reciver
rec=enc; %Recived bits
xq_r=[];
for j=1:3:length(rec)-2
if rec(j)==0 && rec(j+1)==0 && rec(j+2)==0
xql=-3;
elseif rec(j)==0 && rec(j+1)==0 && rec(j+2)==1
xq1=-2;
elseif rec(j)==0 && rec(j+1)==1 && rec(j+2)==0
xq1=-1;
elseif rec(j)==0 && rec(j+1)==1 && rec(j+2)==1
xq1=0;
elseif rec(j)==1 && rec(j+1)==0 && rec(j+2)==0
xq1=1;
elseif rec(j)==1 && rec(j+1)==0 && rec(j+2)==1
xq1=2;
elseif rec(j)==1 && rec(j+1)==1 && rec(j+2)==0
xq1=3;
end
xq_r=[xq_r xq1];
end

figure(4)
plot(t,x,'r',t,xq_r,'g-','linewidth',2)
xlabel('Time')
ylabel('Amplitudo')
title('Sinyal Terdistorsi')
grid on

%Low Pass Filtering


[num den]=butter(5,4*fm/fs); %Butterworth LPF
rec_op=filter(num,den,xq_r); %Smoothing

figure(5)
plot(t,x,'r',t,rec_op,'g','linewidth',2)
xlabel('Time')
ylabel('Amplitudo')
title('Sinyal Hasil Rekonstruksi')
grid on

figure(3)
s=enc(1:2001);d=enc(2002:4002);f=enc(4003:6003);
B=[s' d' f']
subplot(411)
s=enc(1:2001);d=enc(2002:4002);f=enc(4003:6003);
B=[s' d' f']
stairs(B(850:949,:))
%xlabel('Time')
%ylabel('Amplitudo')
title('Sinyal PCM 3 bits')
subplot(412)
stairs(s(1:100),'r')
title('Sinyal PCM bit 1')
subplot(413)
stairs(d(625:724),'b')
%xlabel('Amplitudo')
title('Sinyal PCM bit 2')
subplot(414)
stairs(f(625:724),'m')
xlabel('Time')
title('Sinyal PCM bit 3')
Analisa :

Pada percobaan kali ini dilakukan proses kuantisasi 2^3 dan 2^4, proses yang terjadi dapat dilihat pada
gambar diatas. Sinyal sinyal yang tersampling dan terkuantisasi sesuai dengan masing masing bit yang
digunakan. Pada percobaan pertama dapat dilihan proses kuantisasi dan sampling dari PCM 4 BIT, sedangkan
pada percobaan kedua dapat dilihat proses kuantisasi dan sampling dari PCM 3 BIT.
Kesimpulan :

PCM adalah suatu proses yang mengubah sinyal analog menjadi sinyal digital maupun sebaliknya.

Proses yang dilakukan pada PCM antara lain : proses sampling, quantisasi, coding dan decoding.

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