1

Activity 2

PRINCIPAL ENERGY LEVELS AND SUBLEVELS OF ELECTRON

Objective:

● Complete the set of quantum numbers

Procedure:
● Study the data on the table of the complete set of quantum numbers of the
first four energy levels

PRINCIPAL ENERGY NUMBER OF TYPE OF SUBLEVEL TOTAL NUMBER OF

LEVEL SUBLEVELS AND NUMBER OF ELECTRONS
(n) ORBITALS IN THE
SUBLEVEL 2n²
1 1 S = 1 orbital 2
2 2 S = 1 orbital 8
P = 3 orbital

3 3 S = 1 orbital 18
P = 3 orbital
d = 5 orbital
4 4 S = 1 orbital 32
P = 3 orbital
d = 5 orbital
f = 7 orbital
5

Q.1 Study the data on the Table, under principal energy level two, how many types of orbitals
are present?

Q.2 Reaching the highest sublevel of principal energy level four, how many atomic orbital are
there ?

Q.3 How will you describe the relationship between principal energy level and number of
sublevels?

Q.4 Complete the data on the fifth energy level to determine the set of quantum levels.
The principal quantum number is always equal to the number of sublevels within that
principal energy level. The formula 2n², is used to determine the total number of electrons
that can fill - up a principal energy level, wherein n is the principal quantum number.

2
3
Activity 3

ELECTRON CONFIGURATION

● Write the electron distribution/configuration

First 5 elements
Family IV A
Fourth period
● Determine the pattern of filling the orbitals based on the given distribution
Materials
Pen and activity sheet
Periodic Table of Elements
Procedure
Fill-up the table by writing the electron distribution.
● Observe the pattern of filling-up as shown in the table.
Table 1 ELECTRON DISTRIBUTION OF THE FIRST 10 ELEMENTS
Elements Atomic Number Electron Distribution
Hydrogen (H) 1
Helium (He) 2
Lithium (Li) 3
Table 2 ELECTRON DISTRIBUTION OF ELEMENTS OF GROUP/FAMILY IV-A
Elements Atomic Number Electron Distribution
Carbon (C) 6
Silicon (Si) 14
Germanium (Ge) 32
Table 3 ELECTRON DISTRIBUTION OF ELEMENTS ON PERIOD 4
Elements Atomic Electron Distribution
Number
Potassium (K) 19
Calcium (Ca) 20
Scandium (Na) 21

Guide Questions:
Q.1` Do you see patterns in the distribution of their electrons?
Q.2 How will you describe the pattern as electrons are distributed?

4
 Let’s Remember

Complete the following key concepts. Choose the best answer from the given choice box below.

1. describes the atom like a solar system, where electrons are moving in a specific orbit.
2. The model of Bohr was later replaced by a model that showed that electrons are not limited to fixed
orbits around the .
3. A mathematical equation explained that a region in space around the nucleus where electrons can
be found is called an .
4. formulated a mathematical equation that describe the behavior of the electron
5. The describes the probable location of electrons in atoms.
6. is imagined to be a cloud of negative charges, in a way that they are distributed or
arranged in principal energy level or main energy level.
7. Electrons are arranged in different orbits around the nucleus known as . Electrons occupy
the lowest energy level first before the highest energy level (AUFBAU Principle).
8. According to Pauli, an electron can occupy the same orbital but in (Pauli’s Exclusion).
9. When electrons enter a sub level with more than 1 orbital, they should spread out over the available
orbital first with their spin in the same direction before pairing up ( ).
10. The is always equal to the number of sublevels within that principal energy level.
11. The number of which is the outermost electron is the same as the Group or Family
number while the period number is the same as the number or principal energy level or main energy
level.

CHOICES: valence electron; principal quantum number; Hund’s Rule; opposite spin; electron
configuration; electron; quantum mechanical model; Schrodinger; atomic orbital; nucleus; Bohr Model

5
 Let’s Evaluate

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Filling of orbitals in increasing energy level is known as .
a. Aufbau principle b. Hund’s rule of multiplicity
c. Octet rule d. Pauli’s exclusion principle
For nos. 2-5, refer to the electron distribution to answer
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s¹
2. What would be the family or group number of the atom?
a. I A b. II A c. III A d. IV A
3. The number of outermost electrons is .
a. 15 b. 7 c. 6 d. 1
4. The number of occupied main energy level is .
a. 6 b. 5 c. 4 d. 3
5. What would be the period or series number of the atom?
a. 6 b. 5 c. 4 d. 3
6. Which of the following is correctly distributed?
a. 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹ 3p¹ b. 1s² 2s² 2p⁵ 3s²
c. 1s ² 2s² 2p⁵ d. 1s² 2s¹ 2p⁶
7. The total number of electrons in the fourth energy level is .
a. 8 b. 18 c. 32 d. 50
8. There are orbitals in the fourth energy level.
a. 16 b. 10 c. 9 d. 1
9. Who proposed the quantum mechanical model of atom?
a. Aufbau b. de Broglie c. Heisenberg d. Schrodinger

10. Which orbital designation has the highest energy?

a. 3 d b. 3 p c. 3 s d. 4 s

COMPLETE THE TABLE

ATOM ELEC.DISTRIBUTION MEL VALENCE PERIOD FAMILY

ELECTRON NO.
₂₀Ca
₁₂Mg
₁₇Cl
₃₆Kr
₁₃Al

6
7