Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.1 If the current in an electric conductor is 2.4 A, how many coulombs of charge pass any point in a 30-second interval?

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.1

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.2 Determine the time interval required for a 12-A battery charger to deliver 4800 C.

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.2

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.3 A lightning bolt carrying 30,000 A lasts for 50 micro-seconds. If the lightning strikes an airplane flying at 20,000
feet, what is the charge deposited on the plane?

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.3

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.4 If a 12-V battery delivers 100 J in 5 s, find (a) the amount of charge delivered and (b) the current produced.

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.4

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.5 The current in a conductor is 1.5 A. How many coulombs of charge pass any point in a time interval of 1.5 minutes?

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.5

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.6 If 60 C of charge pass through an electric conductor in 30 seconds, determine the current in the conductor.

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.6

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.7 Determine the number of coulombs of charge produced by a 12-A battery charger in an hour.

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.7

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.8 Five coulombs of charge pass through the element in Fig. P1.8 from point  A to point B. If the energy absorbed by
the element is 120 J, determine the voltage across the element.

 B

V 1

 A

Figure P1.8

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.8

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.9 The current that enters an element is shown in Fig. P1.9. Find the charge that enters the element in the time
interval 0 < t  < 20 s.

i(t ) mA

10

0 10 20 t (s)

Figure P1.9

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.9

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.10 The charge entering the positive terminal of an element is q(t ) = −30 e−4t  mC. If the voltage across the element
t 
−2
is 120e V, determine the energy delivered to the element in the time interval 0 < t  < 50 ms.

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.10

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.11 The charge entering the positive terminal of an element is given by the expression q(t ) e−2t  mC. The
= −12
−3t 
power delivered to the element is p(t ) = 2.4e W. Compute the current in the element, the voltage across the
element, and the energy delivered to the element in the time interval 0 < t < 100 ms.

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.11

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

−2t 
1.12 The voltage across an element is 12e V. The current entering the positive terminal of the element is 2 e−2t  A.
Find the energy absorbed by the element in 1.5 s starting from t = 0.

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.12

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

−2t 
1.13 The power absorbed by the BOX in Fig. P1.13 is 2e W. Calculate the amount of charge that enters the BOX
between 0.1 and 0.4 seconds.

−t  + BOX
4e  V
−

Figure P1.13

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.13

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

−4t 
1.14 The power absorbed by the BOX in Fig. P1.14 is 0.1e W. Calculate the energy absorbed by the BOX during
this same time interval.

−2t  + BOX
10e  V
−

Figure P1.14

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.14

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.15 The energy absorbed by the BOX in Fig. P1.15 is shown below. How much charge enters the BOX between
0 and 10 milliseconds?

i (t ) w(t ) (mJ)

15
+ BOX
15 V
−
10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
10 t (ms)

−5

−10

−15

Figure P1.15

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.15

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 2 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E

Problem 1.15 Chapter 01: Basic Concepts

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.16 The charge that enters the BOX in Fig. P1.16 is shown in the graph below. Calculate and sketch
the current flowing into and the power absorbed by the BOX between 0 and 10 milliseconds.

i (t )
q(t ) (mC)

3
+ BOX
12 V
−

1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 t (ms)

−1

−2

−3

Figure P1.16

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.16

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 2 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E

Problem 1.16 Chapter 01: Basic Concepts

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 3

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.16

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.17 The energy absorbed by the BOX in Fig. P1.17 is given below. Calculate and sketch the current flowing into
the BOX. Also calculate the charge which enters the BOX between 0 and 12 seconds.

i (t ) w(t ) (J)

+ BOX
10 V 5
−

6 7 8 10 12

1 2 3 4 5 9 11 t (s)

−2.5

Figure P1.17

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.17

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 2 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E

Problem 1.17 Chapter 01: Basic Concepts

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.18 The charge entering the upper terminal of the BOX in Fig. P1.18 is shown below. How much energy is absorbed
by the BOX between 0 and 9 seconds?

i (t ) q(t ) (C)

+ BOX
12 V
−
0.5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 t (s)

−0.5

−1

−1.5

Figure P1.18

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.18

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 2 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E

Problem 1.18 Chapter 01: Basic Concepts

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.19 The energy absorbed by the BOX in Fig. P1.19 is shown in the graph below. Calculate and sketch the current
flowing into the BOX between 0 and 10 milliseconds.

i (t ) w(t ) (mJ)

30

+ BOX
12 V
−
20

10

5 6 7

1 2 3 4 8 9 10 t (ms)

−10

−20

−30

Figure P1.19

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.19

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 2 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E

Problem 1.19 Chapter 01: Basic Concepts

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.20 Determine the amount of power absorbed or supplied by the element in Fig. P1.20 if
(a) V 1 = 9 V and I = 2A
(b) V 1 = 9 V and I = −3A
(c) V 1 = −12 V and I = 2A
(d) V 1 = −12 V and I = −3A

+  I 

V 1

Figure P1.20

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.20

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.21 Calculate the power absorbed by element A in Fig. P1.21.

3A

15 V A

Figure P1.21

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.21

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.22 Calculate the power supplied by element A in Fig. P1.22.

2A

20 V A
−

Figure P1.22

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.22

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.23 Element A in the diagram in Fig. P1.23 absorbs 30 W of power. Calculate V x .

2A

V  x A
−

Figure P1.23

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.23

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.24 Element B in the diagram in Fig. P1.24 supplies 60 W of power. Calculate I x .

24 V B

 I 
 x

Figure P1.24

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.24

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.25 Element B in the diagram in Fig. P1.25 supplies 72 W of power. Calculate V 

 A.

3A

V  A B
�

Figure P1.25

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.25

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.26 Element B in the diagram in Fig. P1.26 supplies 72 W of power. Calculate I  .

 x 

18 V B

 I 
 x

Figure P1.26

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.26

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.27 (a) In Fig. P1.27 (a), P1 = 36 W. Is element 2 absorbing or supplying power, and how much?
(b) In Fig. P1.27 (b), P2 = −48 W. Is element 1 absorbing or supplying power, and how much?

+ −
1 12 V 1 6V
− +
+ +
2 6V 2 24 V
− −

(a) (b)

Figure P1.27

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.27

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.28 Two elements are connected in series, as shown in Fig. P1.28. Element 1 supplies 24 W of power. Is element 2
absorbing or supplying power, and how much?

+
1 3V
−
−
2 6V
+

Figure P1.28

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.28

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.29 Element 2 in Fig. P1.29 absorbed 32 W. Find the power absorbed or supplied by elements 1 and 3.

−
1 4V
+
+
2 8V
−
+
3 12 V
−

Figure P1.29

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.29

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.30 Choose I s such that the power absorbed by element 2 in Fig. P1.30 is 7 W.

4V
+ −
1
+ +

6V  I s 2 2V
− −

Figure P1.30

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.30

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.31 Find the power that is absorbed or supplied by the circuit elements in Fig. P1.31.

6V
+ − 2A
1

+
+
20 V 2A 14 V
−
−

2A

(a)

8V
 I 
 x
= 4A + −
1

+ 2 I 
16 V 4A  x
−
−

4A

(b)

Figure P1.31

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.31

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.32 Find the power that is absorbed or supplied by the network elements in Fig. P1.32.

8V
 I 
 x
=2A + − 2A
1

12 V + + 2 I 
 x
− −

2A

(a)

24 V 20 V
+ −
−+ 1
2A  I 
 x
= 2A
2A
+

+ 4 I  12 V
 x 2
−
−

2A

(b)

Figure P1.32

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.32

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.33 Compute the power that is absorbed or supplied by the elements in the network in Fig. P1.33.

1 I 
12 V  x
+ −
 I  =4A 2A
 x
1 −+

2A
+ +

+ 24 V 28 V
36 V 2 3
−
− −

Figure P1.33

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.33

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.34 Find the power that is absorbed or supplied by element 2 in Fig. P1.34.

2V 
4V  x
2A + −
1 −+

12 V + 2 V 
 x
−
−

2A

Figure P1.34

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.34

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.35 Find I   in the network in Fig. P1.35.

 x 

1 I 
 x
12 V
 I 
 x + −
1 −+

2A 2A
+ +

36 V + 2 24 V 3 28 V
−
− −

Figure P1.35

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.35

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.36 Determine the power absorbed by element 1 in Fig. P1.36.

12 V 8V
 I 
 x + − + −
1 2
2A
+ +

36 V + 24 V 2 I  3 16 V
 x
−
− −

Figure P1.36

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.36

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.37 Find the power absorbed or supplied by element 1 in Fig. P1.37.

6V 4V
− + + −
1 2
 I 
 x 2A
+

18 V + 24 V + 2 I 
 x
20 V
− −
−
 I 
 x

Figure P1.37

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.37

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.38 Find the power absorbed or supplied by element 3 in Fig. P1.38.

4V 12 V
+ −
1 −+
4A
+
2A
2 16 V
−
+

+ 12 V + 2V  4 20 V
 x
− −
−
+

3 V 
 x
2A 2A
−
2A

Figure P1.38

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.38

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.39 Find the power absorbed or supplied by element 1 in Fig. P1.39.

4V 12 V
+ −
1 −+
4A
+ + + +

4 I 
 x 12 V 2 8V 3 20 V 4 20 V
− − − −
4A 2A  I 
 x

Figure P1.39

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.39

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.40 Find V   in the network in Fig. P1.40 using Tellegen’s theorem.
 x 

16 V
+ −
2A
1 −+ 2 3
+ − + −
12 V 24 V V  x

− −
9V 12 V
+ +

Figure P1.40

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.40

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.41 Find I   in the circuit in Fig. P1.41 using Tellegen’s theorem.
 x 

4V 8V 18 V 12 V
2A + − + − + −
      − +

2A  I   I 
 x  x
+ +
+ 24 V 12 V 2A 6V
−
− −

Figure P1.41

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.41

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.42 Is the source V s in the network in Fig. P1.42 absorbing or supplying power, and how much?
V S 
6V
+ −
−+
3A 9A 6A
− − −

10 V 9A 16 V 8V
+ + +

3A

Figure P1.42

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.42

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.43 Find I o in the network in Fig. P1.43 using Tellegen’s theorem.

8V
6A+ −
1
4A
+

+ 2 10 V  I  =2 A
24 V  x
−
−
6V +
− +
3 4 16 V
 I o
−
+

+ 5 6V
4 I 
 x −
−
8V
3A − + 1A
6
3A

Figure P1.43

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.43

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.44 Calculate the power absorbed by each element in the circuit in Fig. P1.44. Also, verify that Tellegen’s theorem is
satisfied by this circuit.
3 I 
 x 24 V
+ −
−+ 5
2A

2A

12 V 6V 9V
+ − + − − +
1 2 4
2A 4A
4A
+
+

24 V + 6V 3 +
12 V 6A 15 V
− −
− −

4A  I  = 2 A
 x

Figure P1.44

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.44

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.45 Calculate the power absorbed by each element in the circuit in Fig. P1.45. Also, verify that Tellegen’s theorem is
satisfied by this circuit.

10 V
4A + −
3

5V 5V
+ − + −
2 4
1A 3A

+ 15 V +
40 V
− + −

5A 30 V 4A 1A
− +
−
5V 1 10 V 5
−
+

Figure P1.45

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.45

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 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.46 In the circuit in Fig. P1.46, element 1 absorbs 40 W, element 2 supplies 50 W, element 3 supplies 25 W, and
element 4 absorbs 15 W. How much power is supplied by element 5?

1 2

3 4 5

Figure P1.46

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.46

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