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Light Lesson 3

This document discusses light dispersion and the structure and working of the human eye. It explains that white light is separated into the visible color spectrum through dispersion in a prism. It also details the anatomy of the eye, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, retina with rod and cone cells, and blind spot. Rainbow formation is described as occurring due to dispersion through raindrops acting as prisms.

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rajesh dua
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238 views13 pages

Light Lesson 3

This document discusses light dispersion and the structure and working of the human eye. It explains that white light is separated into the visible color spectrum through dispersion in a prism. It also details the anatomy of the eye, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, retina with rod and cone cells, and blind spot. Rainbow formation is described as occurring due to dispersion through raindrops acting as prisms.

Uploaded by

rajesh dua
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Light lesson III

Unit III , Second semester


Dispersion

• Upon passage through the prism, the white light is separated into its
component colors - red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet.
The separation of visible light into its seven component colours is
known as dispersion.
• Dispersion of white light occurs because, as they pass through a
prism, different colours of light bend through different angles with
respect to the incident ray. The red light bends the least as it is the
fastest while the violet bends the most as it is the slowest .
• The band of seven colours obtained due to dispersion of white light is
called spectrum ( VIBGYOR ).
• One of nature's most beautiful phenomenon seen is the rainbow. The
rainbow is formed due to dispersion through raindrops suspended in
the air which act as tiny prisms.
The necessary conditions for the formation of the rainbow
• Presence of raindrops.
• Sun should be at your back to observe the rainbow.
HUMAN EYE
Structure and working of human eye
• What is inside Our Eyes? We see things only when light coming from
them enters our eyes. Eye is one of our most important sense organs.
It is, therefore, important to understand its structure and working.
• The eye has a roughly spherical shape. The outer coat of the eye is
white. It is tough so that it can protect the interior of the eye from
accidents. Its transparent front part is called cornea . Behind the
cornea, we find a dark muscular structure called iris. In the iris, there
is a small opening called the pupil. The size of the pupil is controlled
by the iris. The iris is that part of eye which gives it its distinctive
colour. When we say that a person has blue eyes, we refer actually to
the colour of the iris. The iris controls the size of the pupil and pupil
regulates the amount of light entering into the eye.
• Behind the pupil of the eye is a Convex lens
• The lens focuses light on the back of the eye, on a layer called retina.
The retina contains several nerve cells. Sensations felt by the nerve
cells are then transmitted to the brain through the optic nerve. There
are two kinds of cells in the retina –
(i) Cones, which are sensitive to bright light .Cone cells can sense
colour.
(ii) Rods, which are sensitive to dim light.
• At the junction of the optic nerve and the retina, there are no sensory
cells, so no vision is possible at that spot. This is called the blind spot.
To be done in P.C. or hard copy

Q.1 Fill in the blanks :


flat
iv. A plane mirror is a mirror with a ___________ reflecting surface.
v. Cone bright
__________cells help us to distinguish colour and are also sensitive to _________ light.
Q.2 State whether following statements are true or false :
i. Multiple reflection is used in kaleidoscope. ________
True
False
ii. The yellow spot is the position inside the human eye where the image ________
is not visible.
iii. When light reaches our eyes after reflection from an object, we are able to see it.
True
_______
iv. During dispersion, white light splits into seven colours. ________
True
False
v. The optic nerve carries the electric signals from the brain to the retina. ________
Q.3 Give one word for the following :
Reflection
ii. Bouncing back of light on striking a surface. ________
Angle of reflection
v. The angle between the reflected ray and the normal. ________
Q.4 Define lateral inversion.
Ans. Lateral inversion is a phenomenon in which left side of an object
appears to be right side of an image and vice versa in a plane mirrror.
Q.5 State the principle of working of periscope.
Ans. Multiple reflection is the principle of working of periscope.
To be done in portfolio

Q.6 List the characteristics of an image formed in a plane mirror.


Ans. Characteristics of the image formed by a plane mirror are-
1. The image formed is erect.
2. The image is laterally inverted.
3. The image is of the same size as that of the object.
4. The image is laterally inverted.
5. The image formed is as far behind the mirror as the object is in front of it.
Q.10 Where do you see dispersion in nature. Explain your answer briefly.
Ans. Rainbows are seen due to dispersion in nature. As the rainbow is formed
due to dispersion through the tiny raindrops suspended in the air which act as
prisms.
Thank you

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