Grammar

Unit 1

1 Complete the sentences. Use the past perfect, past continuous, or (didn’t) use to
and the words below.
be copy inherit pass play rain speak study
1 It __________________ when we left the cinema, and we didn’t have an umbrella.
2 When Rachel and Carlos got married, they __________________ engaged for very
long – only a few weeks.
3 Megan has forgotten her German now, but she __________________ it really well.
4 Did your parents meet while they __________________ at Chicago University?
5 You __________________ the piano when you were younger. When did you learn to
do that?
6 Tessa’s father bought her a second-hand car after she __________________ her
driving test.
7 No, I __________________ your answers when we were in the exam! I didn’t look at
your test paper.
8 John moved to a much bigger house after he __________________ some money.

2 Read the text and choose the correct words.

When my grandad 1used to grow up / was growing up in Jamaica,
he 2was going / used to go to the beach every day after school. He
3
used to have / had had a lot of friends in Jamaica, and he was
really happy there. But when Grandad was six, his parents 4used to
move / moved to Britain because his dad, my great-grandad, 5had
found / was finding a good job there. He 6used to / didn’t use to
like it here in Britain because the weather was cold and he 7had left
/ was leaving all of his friends behind in Jamaica. But slowly he
8
used to / got used to living here, and he made new friends. He
9
used to meet / met my Grandma when they 10were both living /
had both lived in Leeds. At the time, she 11was studying / had
studied maths at Leeds University. Grandma and Grandad went out
for a long time, but they 12used to get / didn’t get married until
Grandma had left university in 1971. That was years ago, of course,
but I think they’re still in love.

Unit 2

1 Read the text and choose the correct words.

Danny 1hasn’t been drawing / didn’t draw for very long, but he’s
already 2been becoming / become very good at it. He 3didn’t start
 / hasn’t started drawing until his family 4have moved / moved from
Birmingham to Chester two years ago. But since then, he 5has been
/ he was a member of the Chester Community School art club.
This weekend, Danny 6has been drawing / has drawn a very big
picture for a school art competition, but he 7hasn’t been finishing /
hasn’t finished it yet. It’s Sunday afternoon now, and Danny is very
tired because he 8worked / has been working on the picture all
weekend.

3 Complete the sentences using a different tense for each verb. Use the past
simple, present perfect simple, or present perfect continuous.
9 Dan and I __________________ (play) chess all afternoon, but I
__________________ (not win) a match!
10 I __________________ (know) Penny for years, and she’s a great friend. We
__________________ (meet) years ago at primary school.
11 I’m sorry I’m late, but the bus __________________ (not come) on time. How long
__________________ (you / sit) here?
12 Have a rest, Dad. You __________________ (work) in the garden for hours, and you
__________________ (not have) lunch yet.
13 __________________ (you / ever / visit) Italy? I __________________ (go) there for
the first time last summer.
14 How long __________________ (you and Mary / go out), and when
__________________ (you / meet)?

4 Complete the sentences with the correct past simple, present perfect simple, or
present perfect continuous form of the verbs below.
build cry decide go not tidy play
1 These tennis courts are new. The school __________________ them last summer.
15 Anna’s room is a mess because she __________________ it for ages.
16 Your eyes are red, Tom. __________________ (you)?
17 We’re tired because we __________________ volleyball since lunchtime.
18 There wasn’t any food in the fridge last night, so we __________________ to eat out.
19 What’s America like, Matt? We __________________ (never) there.

Unit 3

1 Read the text and choose the correct words.

Local boy to climb Everest
Nathan Short is a sixth-form student at Pittville Community School,
here in Cheltenham. But by August next year, Nathan 1will have left
/ will be leaving school far behind him. He 2won’t have hung /
won’t be hanging out with his friends in town next summer either −
he 3will be camping / camps in a tent 5,000 metres up Mount
 Everest! By then, his body 4will have got / will get used to the
freezing temperatures and high altitude, and his team 5waits / will
be waiting for the right time to start climbing to the top of the
mountain. If everything 6goes / will have gone well, Nathan and five
friends 7are then / will then try to reach the top of Mount Everest.
‘The weather changes all the time on Everest,’ Nathan told us, ‘so a
lot depends on the weather. We 8may / will have to wait for weeks
before we can climb to the top, or we 9could start / will have
started climbing in July − we just don’t know. But I’m 10doubt / fairly
sure that by the end of August we 11will have reached / will be
reaching the top of the mountain − or failed.’ One thing is certain:
everyone in Cheltenham 12may follow / will be following his trip
closely.

5 Complete the mini-dialogues with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use
the future continuous, future perfect, or the first conditional.
Andy We’ve nearly finished cleaning the kitchen − we 1_______________________
(clean) every room in the house by eight o’clock.
Kate Yes, and at 8.30, I 2_________________________ (lie) in bed − I’m
exhausted!

3
Helen _______________________ (your brother / go) to university if he
4
_______________________ (do) well in his exams next year?
Julie Yes, and if he 5_______________________ (get) really good marks, he
6
_______________________ (study) medicine and become a doctor.

7
Ben _______________________ (people / still / use) mobile phones in 2050?
Jessica No, I don’t think so. Within thirty years, we 8_______________________
(invent) better technologies than mobile phones.

6 Write the second sentence. Use the future continuous, future perfect, could, or
the first conditional.
1 Kathy isn’t taking her medicine. Her leg / get / better fast / if she / takes / it.
20 No, don’t ring me after midnight! I / sleep / then.
21 Be careful on that bike. You / easily / fall / and hurt yourself.
22 This city is quite small now. But a hundred years from now, it / grow / much bigger.
23 I’m studying for my exams now. But in a few weeks’ time, I / lie / on / a beach in
Mexico.
24 The criminals escaped from this prison two months ago. They / leave / the country /
by now.

Unit 4
1 Complete the mini-dialogues with the correct second conditional or comparative
form of the words in brackets.
Chloe This room is 1_______________________ (less attractive) room in the house.
It’s really dark in here!
Sam I know, but it’s also 2_______________________ (quiet) than the other
rooms. That’s why I sometimes sleep in here.

Harry Your neighbour drives 3_______________________ (amazing) car I’ve ever

seen. Is it a 1940s American car?
Jack Yes, it is. It looks nice, but it 4_______________________ (be) a really great
car if it 5_______________________ (go) much 6_______________________
(fast)! It takes my neighbour ages to drive to the end of this road!

Beth That’s 7_______________________ (nice-looking) dress I’ve seen for a long

time.
Elaine I know, I 8_______________________ (buy) it if I had enough money, but it’s
too expensive.

Hannah It’s getting 9_______________________ (noisy / noisy) in this street all the
time. I wish we 10_______________________ (not live) in the city centre.
Luke But it’s lively in the city centre, and you like going out. If you
11
_______________________ (move) to a quieter place, you
12
_______________________ (not like) it there.

1 Write the sentences. Use comparative forms or the second conditional.

1 Jess / play / her music / more / quiet / in the evenings.
1 we / miss / living in this apartment / if / we / sell it.
2 Claire / work / hard / than / anyone else in the class.
3 Kelly / give / a lot of money to her friends / if / she / win / the lottery.
4 I / not / go / to bed this early / if / I / not / be really tired.
5 the near / a / house / be / to the city centre / the / expensive / it / be to buy.
6 if / we / build / an extension on this house / we / lose / half of the garden.