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Group Theory Presentation

Group theory and cyclic groups can help explain concepts in western music. [1] A group is a set with a binary operation that satisfies properties like closure, associativity, identity, and inverses. [2] A cyclic group is one where every element can be expressed as a power of a single generator element. [3] Western music notes can be modeled as a cyclic group of 12 elements under addition modulo 12, where octaves correspond to doubling frequency and generators allow recreating any tune.

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218 views8 pages

Group Theory Presentation

Group theory and cyclic groups can help explain concepts in western music. [1] A group is a set with a binary operation that satisfies properties like closure, associativity, identity, and inverses. [2] A cyclic group is one where every element can be expressed as a power of a single generator element. [3] Western music notes can be modeled as a cyclic group of 12 elements under addition modulo 12, where octaves correspond to doubling frequency and generators allow recreating any tune.

Uploaded by

Shubham
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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GROUP THEORY

PRESENTATION
❑ NAME : Borase Kunal Gokul
❑ ROLL NO. : 12606
❑ GROUP NO. : 01

TOPIC NAME : APPLICATION OF GROUP THEORY IN


WESTERN MUSIC
CONTENT :

What is a Group ?

What is cyclic Group ?

Application of Group and cyclic group in Western Music.

Octaves in music.

Theory of cyclic group helps in mysteries of Music.


WHAT IS GROUP ?
A non-empty set together with binary operation satisfies the following
properties: for all a, b, c ∈ G
 Closure : ab ∈ G,
 Associativity : (ab)c = a(bc),
 Identity : ∃ e ∈ G s.t. ae = a,
 Inverse : ∃ b ∈ G s.t. ab = e.

WHAT IS cyclic group ?


 A cyclic group is a group all of whose elements are powers of a particular
element a ; that is, a group G is called a cyclic group if ∃ an element a ∈ G
such that every element of G can be express as a power of 'a’.
 In this case 'a' is called generator of G.
 Or simply there is an element in a group which generates the whole group.
Application of Group in western
Music :
 Western music consist of 12 notes as follows:

C , C# , D , D# , E , F , F# , G , G# ,
A , A# , B
Now consider the set which consist these whole intervals
{ C-C , C-C# , C-D , C-D# , C-E , C-F , C-F# , C–G , C-G# , C-A , C-A# , C-B }
And the binary operation is addition modulo 12. And consider the group C12
consists of the set {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11}. We could think of the
numbers 0 to 11 as representing musical intervals in multiples of semitones.
1. C-D + C-E = C-F#
2. (C-C# + C-D) + C-E = C-C# + (C-D + C-E)
3. C-C = 0 & this is identity element,
4. C-D# + C-A= C-C
The identity 0 may be defined to be any of the set { C ,C# , D , D# , E , F , F# , G
, G# , A , A# , B } the remaining elements correspond to the remaining pitch
classes in cyclic order. For Z12 the possible generators are 1, 5, 7, and 11.
Means that C-C# , C-F , C–G , C-B are generators and they generates any tune.
Theory of Cyclic Groups helps in
mysteries of Music :
If the frequency of one note is double the frequency of another note, the
two notes sound similar in a strong sense. Musicians say that two such
notes are separated by one octave, with the shriller (high frequency)
version being one octave higher. If we're singing a tune and reach a very
shrill note, it's customary for us to move an octave down to continue the
song. Similarly, if we reach a note that's too basal, we customarily move
one octave higher to continue the song.
If we assign the frequency of any note to be the identity, then 2n times
the frequency of the note is also the identity ,whenever n∈ ℤ.

Thank you !

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