FINAL LAB REPORT
Experiment no. 2
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FORCE AND
ACCELERATION.
Submitted to:
Mr. Muzahir Baloch
Submitted by:
Moiz Ali
Registration No:
f21602047
Date:
22-11-2021
Objective:
1. Record force-time and velocity-time diagrams for different forces with constant mass
of the DigiCart via the DigiCart App. Analyze the relationship between force and
acceleration.
2. Record force-time and velocity-time diagrams at constant force and variable mass of
the DigiCart. Analyze the relationship between acceleration and mass.
Apparatus:
Digicart
Weights
Height adjustable holder
Leveler
Thread
Plastic screw
Theoretical Explanation:
Motions are influenced by forces. If a force acts on a body, this has consequences for its
movement. Acceleration is one of the basic concepts of kinetics. It indicates how fast an
object changes its speed and is measured in the unit . The concept of acceleration is based on
average acceleration. If denotes the change of velocity in a period of time of , we can use:
∆V
Average Acceleration = a =
∆t
V 2−V 1
=
∆t
Force = ma : wher M= mass of Digi cart
F= Apparent weight
F=mg-T
=ma
mg = Tama = (Ma =f ) =ma
Explanation of Procedure:
First you have to connect the Bluetooth of the DigiCart with your computer or laptop
whatever you are using.Then open the DigiCart app on your device. .
Click on the button "a - F" in the upper left part of the window.
The force and speed display below shows the momentary force and speed.
The force at the sensor is now set to zero via the calibration button.
It must be ensured that the thread is not tensioned and that no force is acting on the
sensor.
The DigiCart is placed and held at the height-adjustable end.
The film box with the weight is removed from the table and hangs freely over the
edge of the table. Start the measurement by clicking on start measurement .
Let go of the DigiCart. The falling weight causes the DigiCart to move.
Stop the measurement by clicking on stop measurement as soon as the DigiCart
reaches the end of the path.
Click on select measuring range to select a measuring range in the force time or
velocity-time diagram for which the acceleration and the mean force are to be
calculated. The selection is made by sweeping the interval with the finger.
Save the measurement by clicking the save button The values are now written to the
left table.
Increase the weight of the film box by 10 grams. Then repeat the last 8 steps. Then
increase the weight of the film can by another 10 grams and repeat the steps from the
top until you have made five measurements.
For the fifth measurement there should be 50 grams in the film box.
To delete a row from the table, touch it and then click the delete button By a further
measurement the row can be filled with new values.
Now tap on the tab "F-a" above the diagram. Continue reading in section evaluation
Observation and calculations:
The figure shows the relationship between Force and Acceleration we took almost 5 readings
from the experiment and noted them in the table and at the end we made the graph r
eventually it is made automatically when we compelete the readings. It cleaarly shows when
as we increases the weight on the Digi cart Force and Acceleration increases.
For a – m we just increases the weight on tghe Digi Cart firstly we add 50mg on the Digi cart
then took the reading similarly again we add 50 mg and took the reading for 5 times.At first
the weight of the Digi Cart is 232mg which is actually its own weight and then we add 50 mg
its weight becomes 282 mg then 332mg,382 mg and 432 mg respectively.After doing this we
noted that Acceleration and force decreases gradually beacuse in this case the weight was on
the Digi Cart opposite to the first case in which the was in the small basket attached to the
Cart.
S.No. V1 V2 Force Acceleration m (g)
(m/sec) (m/sec) (N) (m/ sec 2)
1 0.36 0.90 0.20 0.72 282.00
2 0.25 0.87 0.21 0.62 332.00
3 0.87 0.83 0.19 0.54 382.00
4 0.64 0.64 0.19 0.48 432.00
Results and Analysis:
The graph shown below is for a-m after all the calculations and experiments this is the graph
which is being made . It is a kind of slope as you can see,this shows clearly that Force and
acceleration are decreased in the case of a – m beacuse of the weight. From the graph given
below it is clear that the readings which we take during the experiment are correct.
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75
When we increases the weight on the Digi Cart it takes more time to reach its final point the
weight which we put on the cart dcreases its speed and acceleration due to which it takes
more time to reach the destination.So this clearly shows the relationship between force and
velocity.
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
Precautions:
0.4
0.3 The basic and the necessry
0.2
precautions for this
experiment are as folllowing:
0.1
0 Before the start of the
1 2 3 4 experiment we should
level the Height
adjustable Holder just
to take accurate
readings.
We should not place the cart on height adjustable holder incorrectly because it can
affect the readings.
We should leave the cart when the force becomes zero.
We should handle the Cart very carefully.
Comments:
So from this experiment we have learned the physical connection between force and
acceleration. This relationship is expressed physically in Newton's second law. This
experiment clears the concept of acceleration as well as Newton's second law . We have also
recorded force time and velocity time diagrams with different forces with constant masses of
the Digi Cart app as well as with constant force and variable mass of the Digi Cart.
