1
By: gradeup Class - X Mathematics
school CBSE Exams March – 2019 Mock Paper 3.
Time allowed: 3 hrs Max Marks: 80
General Instructions:
i. All questions are compulsory.
ii. This question paper consists of 30 questions divided into four sections –
A, B, C and D.
iii. Section A contains 6 questions of 1 mark each.
Section B contains 6 questions of 2 mark each.
Section C contains 10 questions of 3 mark each.
Section D contains 8 questions of 4 mark each.
iv. There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided
1 question of 4 marks each, 4 questions of 3 mark each and 2 questions
of 2 mark each. You have to attempt only one of the alternatives in all
such questions.
v. Use of a calculator is not permitted.
SECTION – A
(Question numbers 1 to 6 carries 1 mark each)
1. If a and b are two positive integers such that a = m4 n and b = m3n2, where
m and n are prime numbers, find L.C.M(a, b).
2. If x = 1 is a root of equation x2 – ax + 2 = 0 and bx2 – 4x + 1 = 0. Find
value of ab.
3. If x = tan1˚.tan2˚.tan3˚.tan4˚………..tan89˚
Find value of x2.
OR
tan A.tan B+tan A.cot B
If A + B = 90˚, prove that = 1 + tan2 A.
sin A.sec B
4. Find x and y such that the following numbers are in A.P: x, 7, y, 23
5. If the areas of two similar triangles are in ratio 169:144, write the ratio of
their corresponding sides.
2
6. Find the 10th term of AP: √2, √8, √18, ……
OR
If the difference of 10 term and the first term of an A.P is 54, find the
th
difference of 100th term and 10th term.
SECTION – B
(Question numbers 7 to 12 carries 2 mark each)
7. In what ratio does the point P(2, -5) divides the line segment joining
A(-3, 5) and B(4, -9)?
8. Find the sum of first 10 terms of an A.P whose nth term is an = A – nB in
terms of A and B.
9. Prove that every positive even integer is of the form 2q and every positive
odd integer is of the form (2q + 1) for some integer q.
10. A person starts moving from point A. He moves 10km to the west and
reaches point B. From B, he turns right and moves 20km to reach point C.
From there he turns right again and move 40km to reach D. Find the
distance between A and D.
11. In a right-angle triangle, ABC right angled at B and P is a mid-point on AC
such that BP is perpendicular to AC. Show that: BP2 = AP × PC.
OR
In a trapezium PQRS, PQ || RS and the diagonals of the trapezium meet at
O. If RS = 20cm, PQ = 6cm, OS = 15cm then find OQ.
12. Solve the following pair of linear equations by the graphical method and
find the coordinates of these points where the lines represented by these
intersect the y-axis.
4x + 3y = 16
5x – 2y = -3
OR
Find the value of k for which the solution of the system of equations
(k+1)x – y = 2; 6x – 2y = 3 will be unique.
3
SECTION – C
(Question numbers 13 to 22 carries 3 mark each)
13. Prove that if a positive integer is of the form 6q + 5, then it is of the form
3q + 2 for some integer q, but not conversely.
OR
Show that there is no positive integer k for which √k + 1 + √k − 1 is rational.
14. Find the sum of all integers between 84 and 719, which are multiples of 5.
15. If the list price of a toy is reduced by Rs. 2, a person can buy 2 toys more
for Rs. 360. Find the original price of the toy.
16. In ΔABC, right-angled at B, ∠A = 45˚ and AC = 13cm. Find the value of AB
and BC.
OR
In an equilateral triangle, a circle of radius 1cm is inscribed. Find the area
of the equilateral triangle.
17. What must be subtracted from the polynomial
f(x) = x4 + 2x3 – 13x2 – 12x + 21 so that the resulting polynomial is exactly
divisible by x2 – 4x + 3?
OR
Find the condition that the zeros of the polynomial:
f(x) = x3 + 3px2 + 3qx + r may be in A.P.
18. ABC is a right-angled triangle right angled at B. A circle is inscribed in it in
the lengths of the two sides containing the right angle are 5 cm and 12 cm.
Find the radius of the circle.
19. Find the difference of the areas of a sector of angle 100 and its
corresponding major sector of a circle of radius 14cm.
OR
Four circular cardboard pieces of radii 14cm are placed on a paper in such
a way that each piece touches other two pieces. Find the area of the portion
enclosed between these pieces.
4
20. The table below gives the number of babies born in a hospital during a
week, sorted according to their birth weight.
Calculate the median birth-weight.
21. A well of diameter 5m is dug 21m deep the earth was taken out of it has
been spread evenly all around it in the shape of a circular ring of width 4m
to form an embarkment. Find the height of embarkment.
22. From a point Q, two tangents QA and QB are drawn to a circle with centre
O. If OQ is the diameter of the circle, Show AQB is an isosceles triangle.
SECTION – D
(Question numbers 23 to 30 carries 4 mark each)
23. The vertices of ∆ABC are (-2, 1), (5, 4) and (2, -3) respectively. Find the
area of the triangle and the length of the altitude through A.
24. The sum of the numbers equal to 11 and the sum of their reciprocals equal
11
to . Find the numbers.
28
sin2 θ−cos2 θ
25. If √3tanθ = 4sin θ. Find the value of
sinθ.cosθ
26. From a point on the ground, the angles of elevation of the bottom and the
top of a tower fixed at the top of a 40m high building are 30˚ and 60˚
respectively. Find the height of the tower.
5
OR
The angles of elevation and depression of the top and bottom of a
lighthouse from the top of a 60m high building are 30˚ and 60˚
respectively. Find:
(i) The difference between the heights of the light-house and the building.
(ii) The distance between the light-house and the building.
27. Two customers are visiting a particular shop in the same week (Monday to
Saturday). Each is equally likely to visit the shop on any one day as on
another. What is the probability that both will visit the shop on:
(i) the same day? (ii) different days? (iii) consecutive days?
OR
A box contains 12 balls out of which x are black. If one ball is drawn at
random from the box, what is the probability that it will be a black ball? If
6 more black balls are put in the box, the probability of drawing a black
ball is now double of what it was before. Find x.
28. Water in a canal, 8m wide and 3m deep, is flowing with a speed of 12km/h.
How much area will it irrigate in 30 minutes, if 10cm of standing water is
required?
29. Draw a right-angled triangle in which sides (other than hypotenuse) are of
lengths 5cm and 12cm. Then construct another triangle whose sides are ¾
times the corresponding sides of the first triangle.
30. The monthly profits (in Rs.) of 100 shops are distributed as follows:
Profits per 0- 50- 100- 150- 200- 250-
shop: 50 100 150 200 250 300
No. of shops: 12 18 27 20 17 6
Draw the frequency polygon for it.
OR
Draw an ogive by less than the method for the following data:
No. of rooms: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
No. of houses: 4 9 22 28 24 12 8 6 5 2
***
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SOLUTIONS
1. Given: a = mn2 and b = m3n2
As m and n are prime numbers, we can write a and b as
a=m×m×m×m×n
b=m×m×m×n×n
Therefore,
L.C.M(a, b) = m × m × m × m × n × n
L.C.M(a, b) = m4n2
2. As x = 1 is a root of the given equations, it will satisfy the equations.
Therefore,
(1)2 – a.1 + 2 = 0
1–a+2=0
a=3
Also, b(1)2 – 4.1 + 1 = 0
b–4+1=0
b–3=0
b=3
ab = 3 × 3 = 9
Hence, the value of ab is 9.
3. We know that, cotθ = tan(90˚ - θ)
Therefore, tan89˚ = tan(90˚ - 1˚) = cot1˚
tan88˚= tan(90˚ - 2˚) = cot2˚
So, we have,
x = tan1˚.tan2˚.tan3˚……..cot2˚.cot1˚
𝟏
We also know that, 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝛉 =
𝐭𝐚𝐧𝛉
Therefore,
1 1
x = tan1°. tan2° … ×
tan2° tan1°
x=1
⇒ x2 = 1
7
OR
Given: A + B = 90˚
Therefore, A = 90˚ - B
Now,
tan A = tan (90˚ - B)
tan A = cot B
Also,
1
sin A = sin(90˚ - B) = cos B =
sec 𝐵
Therefore,
tanA. tanB + tanA. cotB
sinA. secB
1 + tan2 A
=
1
secB ×
secB
= 𝟏 + 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝟐 𝑨
Hence, Proved.
4. Given: x, 7, y, 23 is in A.P.
The difference between any two consecutive terms of an A.P remains same.
Therefore,
7 – x = y – 7….(1)
23 – y = y – 7….(2)
Solving equation 2, we get,
23 – y = y – 7
2y = 23 + 7
2y = 30
y = 15
Putting the value of y in equation 1, we get,
7 – x = 15 – 7
7–x=8
x=7+8
x = 15
5. Theorem: Ratio of areas of two similar triangles is equal to the ratio of the
squares of the corresponding sides.
Let ΔABC and ΔDEF are two similar triangles.
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𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂(𝚫𝐀𝐁𝐂) 𝑨𝑩 𝟐
So, =( )
𝐚𝐫𝐞𝐚(𝚫𝐃𝐄𝐅) 𝑫𝑬
Therefore,
169 𝐴𝐵 2
=( )
144 𝐷𝐸
𝐴𝐵 169
= √
𝐷𝐸 144
𝐴𝐵 13
=
𝐷𝐸 12
Hence the ratio of the corresponding sides is 13:12.
6. We know that nth term of an A.P is given by,
an = a + (n – 1)d
where a is the first term, n is the number of terms and d is a common
difference.
Common difference, d = √8 - √2
= 2√2 - √2 = √2
First term, a = √2
Therefore,
a10 = √2 + (10 – 1)√2
a10 = √2 + 9√2
a10 = 10√2
OR
The nth term of an A.P is given by,
an = a + (n – 1)d
Given: a10 – a = 54
a + (10 – 1)d - a = 54
9d = 54
d=6
Now,
a100 – a10 = (a + 99d) – (a + 9d)
a100 – a10 = 90d
Putting the value of ‘d’ we get,
a100 – a10 = 90 × 6 = 540
Hence, the difference of 100th term and 10th term is 540.
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7. Let P(2, -5) divides the line segment AB in the ratio k:1.
By section formula,
𝑘 × 4 + 1 × (−3) 𝑘 × (−9) + 1 × (−5)
(2, −5) = ( , )
𝑘+1 𝑘+1
4𝑘 − 3 −9𝑘 − 5
(2, −5) = ( , )
𝑘+1 𝑘+1
Now, equation the coordinates, we get,
4𝑘 − 3
=2
𝑘+1
4k - 3 = 2(k + 1)
4k - 3 = 2k + 2
2k = 5
5
𝑘=
2
Hence, P divides the line segment in ratio 5:2.
8. We know that, nth term of an A.P is given by,
an = a + (n – 1)d
where, a is the first term, n is the number of terms and d is the common
difference.
an = a + nd – d
an = (a – d) + nd
Given: an = A – nB
Comparing an = A – nB and an = (a – d) + nd, we get,
A = (a – d) and B = -d
Therefore, d = -B
So, A = (a – (-B))
A=a+B
a=A–B
𝒏
Now we know that, 𝑺𝒏 = [𝟐𝒂 + (𝒏 − 𝒂)𝒅]
𝟐
Therefore,
10
𝑆10 = [2 × (𝐴 − 𝐵) + (10 − 1)(−𝐵)]
2
S10 = 5[2A – 2B – 9B]
S10 = 5[2A – 11B]
S10 = 10A – 55B
10
9. By Euclid’s division lemma we have,
a = bq + r
For checking for odd or even, we divide the number by 2, so,
b=2
Where r is the remainder and q the quotient.
(i) So, a = 2q + r
For even, remainder = 0. So, r = 0
a = 2q
Hence, Proved.
(ii) For odd number, remainder = 1, So, r = 1.
a = 2q + 1
Hence, Proved.
10. The path traced is given in the figure below:
Now, we need to find AD.
So, applying Pythagoras theorem in
ΔAXD, we have,
AD2 = AX2 + XD2
AD2 = (20)2 + (30)2
AD2 = 400 + 900
AD2 = 1300
AD = 10√3km
Hence, the distance between A and D is 10√3km.
11.
Given: ∠B = 90˚ and ∠APB = ∠BPC = 90˚
To Prove: BP2 = AP × PC
In ΔAPB and ΔBPC,
BP is common.
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∠APB = ∠BPC = 90˚
Therefore,
ΔAPB ≈ ΔBPC [By right triangle theorem]
Now,
𝐴𝑃 𝐵𝑃 𝐴𝐵
= =
𝐵𝑃 𝑃𝐶 𝐵𝐶
Cross multiplying, we get,
AP × PC = BP × BP
BP2 = AP × PC
Hence, Proved.
OR
In ΔPOQ and ΔROS,
∠POQ = ∠ROS [Vertically opposite angles]
∠PQO = ∠OSR [Alternate interior angles]
Therefore, ΔPOQ ≈ ΔROS by AA Similarity theorem.
Now,
𝑂𝑄 𝑃𝑄
=
𝑂𝑆 𝑅𝑆
Therefore, by putting the values, we get,
𝑂𝑄 6
=
15 20
6 × 15
𝑂𝑄 =
20
OQ = 4.5cm
12. First equation: 4x + 3y = 16
3y = 16 – 4x
16 − 4𝑥
𝑦=
3
Now, putting different values of x and obtaining different values of y,
12
x 0 4
y 16/3 0
Second equation: 5x – 2y = -3
-2y = -5x – 3
2y = 5x + 2
5𝑥 + 3
𝑦=
2
Now, putting different values of x and obtaining different values of y,
x 0 -0.6
y 1.5 0
Plotting, we get,
OR
Given Equations: (k+1)x – y = 2; 6x – 2y = 3
We know that a pair of linear equations has a unique solution, if,
𝒂𝟏 𝒃𝟏
≠
𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐
From the given equations:
a1 = (k + 1)
a2 = 6
b1 = -1
b2 = -2
13
Therefore,
𝑘 + 1 −1
≠
6 −2
𝑘+1 1
≠
6 2
2(k + 1) ≠ 6
2k + 2 ≠ 6
2k ≠ 4
k≠2
Hence, for a unique solution, k should not be equal to 2.
13. Let A = 6q + 5, be any number, where q is any positive integer.
Part 1: To show A is in the form of 3q + 2, where q is another integer
A = 6q + 5 = 6q + 3 + 2
= 3(2q + 1) + 2
= 3q' + 2
As, q is any positive integer, q' = 3q + 2 is also a positive integer
and hence 6q + 5, is in form of 3q' + 5
Part 2: To show converse is not true, i.e. if a no is in the form of 3q + 2,
then it may or may not be in the form of 6q + 5
For example, consider:
8 = 3(2) + 2 is in the 3q + 2 form, but it can't be expand in 6q + 5 form.
OR
Let there be a positive integer k, such that √𝑘 + 1 + √𝑘 − 1 is a rational
number.
Then,
𝑎
√𝑘 + 1 + √𝑘 − 1 = 𝑏…..(1)
𝑏 1
=
𝑎 √𝑘 + 1 + √𝑘 − 1
Rationalizing, we get,
𝑏 √𝑘 + 1 − √𝑘 − 1
=
𝑎 (√𝑘 + 1 + √𝑘 − 1)(√𝑘 + 1 − √𝑘 − 1)
√𝑘 + 1 − √𝑘 − 1
=
2
2𝑏
= √𝑘 + 1 − √𝑘 − 1….(2)
𝑎
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Adding (1) and (2), and subtracting (1) and (2),
𝑎 2𝑏 𝑎 2𝑏
2√ 𝑘 + 1 = + and 2√𝑘 − 1 = −
𝑏 𝑎 𝑏 𝑎
Now, if a, b are rational,
𝑎 2𝑏 𝑎 2𝑏
+ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − are also rationals.
𝑏 𝑎 𝑏 𝑎
But, 2√𝑘 + 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2√𝑘 − 1 are not rationals.
Hence, there is a contradiction.
Thus, there is no possible value of k for which √𝒌 + 𝟏 + √𝒌 − 𝟏 is
rational.
14. Given: An AP is required of all integers between 84 and 719, which are
multiples of 5
To find: the sum of all integers between 84 and 719, which are multiples
of 5
So, the sequence is 85, 90, 95….715
It is an AP whose first term is 85 and d is 5
The sum is given by the formula,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
Now for the finding number of terms, the formula is
Last term = a + (n – 1)d
𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 − 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚
𝑛= +1
𝑑
715 − 85
𝑛= +1
5
n = 127
Substituting n is the sum formula we get,
127
𝑆𝑛 = [2 × 85 + 126 × 5]
2
Sum = 50800
15. Let the original price of the toy be ‘a’.
Given: when the list price of a toy is reduced by Rs. 2, a person can buy 2
toys more for Rs. 360.
The number of toys he can buy at the original price for Rs. 360 = 360/a
According to the question,
15
360 360
⇒ = +2
𝑎−2 𝑎
⇒ 360a = (a – 2)(360 + 2a)
⇒ 360a = 360a + 2a2 – 720 – 4a
⇒ a2 – 2a – 360 = 0
⇒ a2 – 20a + 18a – 360 = 0
⇒ a(a – 20) + 18(a – 20) = 0
⇒ (a + 18)(a – 20) = 0
⇒ a + 18 = 0 or a - 20 = 0
⇒ a = -18 or a = 20
As the price can't be negative, a = -18 is not possible
Hence the original price of the toy, a = Rs. 20.
16. According to the question, we have,
Now,
We know that,
𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐩𝐞𝐧𝐝𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐫
𝐬𝐢𝐧𝛉 =
𝐡𝐲𝐩𝐨𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐮𝐬𝐞
𝐛𝐚𝐬𝐞
𝐜𝐨𝐬𝛉 =
𝐡𝐲𝐩𝐨𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐮𝐬𝐞
In ΔABC,
𝐴𝐵
sin 𝐴 =
𝐴𝐶
𝐴𝐵
𝑠𝑖𝑛45° =
13
1
And, we know that 𝑠𝑖𝑛45° =
√2
Therefore,
16
1
𝐴𝐵 = × 13
√2
𝟏𝟑
𝑨𝑩 = 𝒄𝒎
√𝟐
And,
𝐵𝐶
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴 =
𝐴𝐶
𝐵𝐶
𝑐𝑜𝑠45° =
13
1
we know that 𝑐𝑜𝑠45° =
√2
𝟏𝟑
𝑩𝑪 = 𝒄𝒎
√𝟐
OR
ABC is the equilateral triangle.
Let the side of the triangle be ‘a’ cm.
Now, BD = CD as the triangle is equilateral.
So, BD = CD = 1/2(a)
In ΔODB,
𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒑𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓
Applying the formula: 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 =
𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆
𝑂𝐷
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 =
𝐵𝐷
1
𝑡𝑎𝑛30° =
𝐵𝐷
1 1
=
√3 𝐵𝐷
BD = √3cm
17
And, the side of the triangle = 2√3cm
√𝟑
We know that area of an equilateral triangle = (𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆)𝟐
𝟒
Therefore,
√3 2
Area of triangle = × (2√3)
4
Area of triangle = 3√3cm2
17. To find : What must be subtracted from the polynomial f(x) = x4 + 2x3 –
13x2 – 12x + 21 so that the resulting polynomial is exactly divisible by x2
– 4x + 3?
Let g(x) = x2 – 4x + 3
By applying division algorithm:
Dividend = Quotient× Divisor + Remainder
Dividend - Remainder = Quotient× Divisor
f(x) = q(x) × g(x) + r(x)
f(x) – r(x) = q(x) × g(x)
Now find the remainder when f(x) is divisible by g(x).
r(x) = 2x - 3
Therefore, r(x) = 2x – 3 has to be subtracted, so that resulting
polynomial is divisible by g(x).
OR
For a cubic polynomial: ax3 + bx2 + cx + d = 0
𝑏
Sum of roots = −
𝑎
𝑐
The product of roots taken two at a time =
𝑎
𝑑
The product of roots = −
𝑎
18
Explanation:
Let the roots be,
α=a-d
β=a
γ=a+d
Sum of roots = (a – d) + a + (a + d) = 3a
3𝑝
Also, Sum of roots = −
1
Therefore,
3a = -3p
a = -p
Since a is the zero of the polynomial, therefore f(a) = 0
⇒ f(a) = a3 + 3pa2 + 3qa + r = 0
⇒ a3 + 3pa2 + 3qa + r = 0
Substitute a = -p
⇒ -p3 + 3p3 - 3pq + r = 0 ⇒ 2p3 - 3pq + r = 0
18.
Using the Pythagoras theorem stated above,
AC2 = AB2 + BC2
⇒ AC2 = 122 + 52
⇒ AC2 = 144 + 25
⇒ AC2 = 169
⇒ AC = √169
⇒ AC = 13 cm
Now,
Area of ΔABC = Area of ΔOAB + Area of ΔOBC + Area of ΔOCA
As we know,
19
Area of triangle = 1/2 × base × height
⇒ 1/2 × BC × AB = (1/2 × AB × r) + (1/2 × BC × r) + (1/2 × AC × r)
⇒ 1/2 × 5 × 12 = (1/2 × 12 × r) + (1/2 × 5 × r) + (1/2 × 13 × r)
⇒ 30 = 6r + 2.5r + 6.5r
⇒ 30 = 6r + 2.5r + 6.5r
⇒ 30 = 15r
⇒ r = 2 cm
19.
𝜃
Area of a sector = ° × 𝜋 × 𝑟2
360
For the given circle, r = 14cm
Θ = 100°
Therefore,
100° 22
Area of minor sector = × × 14 × 14
360° 7
5
Area of minor sector = × 22 × 28
18
Area of minor sector = 171.11 cm2
For major sector θ = 360° - 100° = 260°
Therefore,
260° 22
Area of major sector = × × 14 × 14
360° 7
Area of major sector = 444.89 cm2
The difference of Areas = Area of the major sector – Area of minor sector
Required Area = 444.89 – 171.11
Required Area = 273.78cm2
20
OR
The figure for the question is shown below,
For calculating the area of the shaded region, we need the area of square
ABCD and area of four quadrants of a circle.
The radius of each circle = 14cm
Area of 4 quadrants = Area of 1 circle = πr2
22
Area of 4 quadrants = × 14 × 14
7
Area of 4 quadrants = 616cm2
We know that area of square = (side)2
Side of square ABCD = 28cm
Area of square ABCD = (28)2 = 784cm2
Area of shaded region = (784 – 616)cm2
Area of shaded region = 168cm2
20.
Total no. of babies = 70
The median weight of babies would be the average weight of 35th and 36th
baby.
both babies are having a weight of 3.000 kg
∴ the median weight of all the babies = 3.000 kg
21
21. Given: diameter of well = 5 m
Depth of well = 21 m
Width of embankment = 4 m
volume of the cylinder = πr2h
Height of the well = 21 m
Diameter of the well = 5 m
5
So, radius = = 2.5 𝑚
2
Let height of embankment be “h” m.
As the earth is taken out from the well and has been spread to make a
cylindrical embankment,
⇒ The volume of the earth taken out = volume of the well = πr2h
Volume of the earth taken out = πr2h
22 5 2
= × ( ) × 21
7 2
22 25
= × × 21
7 4
= 412.5 𝑚3
Outer radius of the embankment = R
5 13
= + 4 = 𝑚
2 2
Area of the embankment = Outer area – Inner area
= πR2 -πr2
= π(R2 -r2)
22 13 2 5 2
= (( ) − ( ) )
7 2 2
22 169
= ( − 25)
7 4
22 169 − 100
= ( )
7 4
22 69
= ×
7 4
= 54.21𝑚2
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑚𝑏𝑎𝑘𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑑
The height of the embankment =
𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑚𝑏𝑎𝑘𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
412.5
=
54.21
= 7.60 𝑚
22
22. Theorem Used:
1) Tangent to a circle at a point is perpendicular to the radius through the
point of contact.
2) The length of two tangents drawn from an external point is equal.
Join OA and OB.
We have OQ = Diameter
As OP = radius
⇒ OQ = OP + PQ
⇒ PQ = OQ – OP
⇒ PQ = radius
So, OP = PQ = radius
Since AQ is tangent to the radius OA,
From the theorem stated,
AQ ⊥ OA.
Thus, OQ is the hypotenuse of ΔOAQ.
As mid-point on the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle is equidistant
from the vertices.
∴ OA = AP = OP
⇒ OAP is an equilateral triangle.
⇒ ∠AOP = 60°
In ΔOAQ,
∠O + ∠A + ∠Q = 180° (angle sum property)
⇒ 60° + 90° + ∠Q = 180°
⇒ 150° + ∠Q = 180°
⇒ ∠Q = 30°
So, ∠AQO = 30°
∴ ∠AQB = 2∠AQO
⇒ ∠AQB = 60°
As Q is an external point.
23
Also, QA and QB are tangents.
By theorem 2) stated above,
QA = QB
∠QBA =∠QAB (angles opp. to equal sides)
But ∠AQB = 60°
In ΔAQB,
∠AQB + ∠QBA +∠QAB = 180°
⇒ 60°+ 2∠QBA = 180°
⇒ 2∠QBA = 120°
⇒ ∠QBA = 60°
⇒ ∠QBA =∠QAB = 60°
As ∠AQB = ∠QBA =∠QAB =60°
ΔAQB is equilateral.
Hence proved.
23. Area of the triangle having vertices (x₁, y₁), (x₂, y₂) and (x₃, y₃)
= 1/2 |x₁(y₂ - y₃) + x₂(y₃ - y₁) + x₃(y₁ - y₂)|
The distance between the points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) is:
Distance =√(𝑥₂ − 𝑥₁)2 + (𝑦₂ − 𝑦₁)2
Let three vertices be A (−2, 1) and B (5, 4) and C(2, −3)
Area of the triangle having vertices (x₁, y₁), (x₂, y₂) and (x₃, y₃)
= 1/2 |x₁(y₂ - y₃) + x₂(y₃ - y₁) + x₃(y₁ - y₂)|
Area of ∆ABC
= 1/2 |-2(4 – (-3)) + 5(-3 -1) + 2(1 – 4)|
= 1/2 |-14 - 20 - 6|
24
= 20 sq. units
Now to find length of BC,
By distance formula,
XY = √(x2 − x1 )2 + (y2 − y1 )2
For BC,
BC = √(2 − 5)2 + (−3 − 4 )2
= √9 + 49
= √58 sq. units
𝟏
Area of ∆ABC = × Base × Altitude
𝟐
1
∴ 20 = × √58 × Altitude
2
40
∴ Altitude = units
√58
𝟒𝟎
Hence, the length of altitude through A is units.
√𝟓𝟖
24. Let the two numbers be x and y.
According to question, x + y = 11……(1)
1 1 11
+ =
𝑥 𝑦 28
𝑥 + 𝑦 11
=
𝑥𝑦 28
11 1
=
𝑥𝑦 28
xy = 28……(2)
28
𝑦= ….(3)
𝑥
Now, putting the value of ‘y’ from equation 3 in equation1, we get,
28
𝑥+ = 11
𝑥
x2 + 28 = 11x
x2 – 11x + 28 = 0
x2 – 7x – 4x + 28 = 0
x(x – 7) – 4(x – 7) = 0
x = 4 or x = 7
Hence, the numbers are 4 and 7.
25
25. Given: √3tanθ = 4sinθ
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽
We know that, 𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝜽 =
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽
So,
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
√3 = 4𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
√3
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 =
4
sin2 𝜃−cos2 𝜃
To Find:
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃.𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
We know that, 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = √1 − cos 2 𝜃
Therefore,
2
√3
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = √1 − ( )
4
13
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = √
16
√13
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 =
4
Putting the values in the expression we need to find, we get,
13 3
sin2 𝜃 − cos 2 𝜃 −
= 16 16
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 √13 √3
4 × 4
sin2 𝜃 − cos 2 𝜃 10
=
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 √39
𝟏𝟎
Hence, the value of the expression is .
√𝟑𝟗
26.
26
The figure for the given situation is shown below.
To Find: The height of the tower, CD.
Let the length CD = xm
Now, in ΔABD, we get,
𝐵𝐷
𝑡𝑎𝑛30° =
𝐴𝐵
1
We know that, 𝑡𝑎𝑛30° =
√3
Therefore,
1 40
=
√3 𝐴𝐵
AB = 40√3m
Now, in ΔABC, we get,
𝐵𝐶
𝑡𝑎𝑛60° =
𝐴𝐵
And we know that, 𝑡𝑎𝑛60° = √3
Therefore,
𝐵𝐷 + 𝐷𝐶
√3 =
40√3
BD + DC = 40√3 × √3 m
BD + DC = 120m
40m + DC = 120m
DC = 80m
Hence, the height of the tower is 80m.
OR
27
The figure for the situation is above, where AD is the building of height
60m and BC is the height of the lighthouse.
BE = AD = 60m
Let CE = xm
Then in ΔBAD,
𝐴𝐷
𝑡𝑎𝑛60° =
𝐴𝐵
60
√3 =
𝐴𝐵
60
𝐴𝐵 = 𝑚
√3
Now, DE = AB as evident from the figure.
In ΔCED,
𝐶𝐸
𝑡𝑎𝑛30° =
𝐷𝐸
1 √3𝑥
=
√3 60
3x = 60
x = 20m
Therefore,
Height of the lighthouse = 20 + 60 = 80m
(i) The difference between heights of lighthouse and building = 80 – 60 =
20m
60
(ii) The distance between lighthouse and building = 𝑚
√3
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠
27. 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 =
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠
Monday – Saturday = 6 days
Let one customer be A, and other customers be B.
Now the sample space for A and B can be interpreted as below:
In the figure, M = Monday, T = Tuesday, W = Wednesday, Th = Thursday,
F = Friday, and S = Saturday
Total Possible outcomes = 36
28
(i) P(the same day) = ?
Number of possible outcomes = 6
6 1
𝑃(𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑒 𝑑𝑎𝑦) = =
36 6
(ii) P(different days) = ?
Number of possible outcomes = 30
30 5
𝑃(𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠) = =
36 6
(iii) P(Consecutive days) = ?
Number of possible outcomes = 5
5
𝑃(𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠) =
36
OR
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑘 𝑏𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑠
The probability of drawing a black ball, P(black) =
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑏𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑠
𝑥
𝑃(𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑘) =
12
Now 6 black balls are added to the box, therefore,
Total balls = 12 + 6 = 18
Black balls = x + 6
Let the new probability be P(new)
Now,
P(new) = 2.P(black)
Therefore,
𝑥+6 𝑥
( )=2×
18 12
𝑥 + 16 𝑥
( )=
18 6
Cross multiplying, we get,
6x + 96 = 18x
18x – 6x = 96
12x = 96
x=8
Hence, value of x is 8.
29
28. Given: Width of canal = 8m
Depth of canal = 3m
Speed of water flow = 12km/h
So, in 1hr length of water flowed = 12km
In 30minutes, length of water flow = 6km = 6000m
[1km = 1000m]
Now, Volume of water flown in 30 minutes = 8 × 3 × 6000 𝑚3
= 144000m3
Standing water needed = 10cm.
As the water is spread in the form of a cuboid, height = 10cm.
Volume of cuboid = Area × height
144000m3 = Area × 10cm
10
[10𝑐𝑚 = 𝑚]
100
144000
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = × 100 𝑚2
10
Area = 1440000m2
[1 hectare = 10000m2]
Hence, the area it will irrigate is 144 hectares.
29. Steps of Construction:
1. Draw a triangle ABC such that AB = 12cm, ∠B = 90˚ and BC = 5cm.
2. Construct an acute angle BAX. Mark 4 points X1, X2, X3 and X4 on AX
such that AX1 = X1X2 = X2X3 = X3X4.
30
3. Join X4 and B.
4. Draw X3B’ || X4B and B’C’ || BC
AB’C’ is the required triangle.
31
30. We have,
Profit per shop Mid value No. of shops
Less than 0 0 0
0-50 25 12
50-100 75 18
100-150 125 27
150-200 175 20
200-250 225 17
250-300 275 6
Above 300 300 0
OR
We first prepare the cumulative frequency distribution by less than method
as given below:
32
No. of rooms No. of Cumulative
houses frequency
Less than or equal to 1 4 4
Less than or equal to 2 9 13
Less than or equal to 3 22 35
Less than or equal to 4 28 63
Less than or equal to 5 24 87
Less than or equal to 6 12 99
Less than or equal to 7 8 107
Less than or equal to 8 6 113
Less than or equal to 9 5 118
Less than or equal to 10 2 120
Now we mark the upper-class limits along x-axis and cumulative frequency
along y-axis. Thus, we plot the points (1, 4); (2, 13); (3, 35); (4, 63); (5,
87); (6, 99); (7, 107); (8, 113); (9, 118); (10, 120)
×××
33
34
