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Notes On Inc

The Indian National Congress (INC) was formed on December 28, 1885 in Bombay by 72 Indian intellectuals gathered by A.O. Hume, a retired British civil servant. There were two main theories for the formation of the INC - the nationalist theory that it was needed to deal with national issues and oppose the British, and the safety valve theory, that it would act as a pressure release by addressing small local issues and informing the British government of larger public grievances. The INC held annual sessions where they elected a new president, discussed national issues, and passed resolutions presented to the British government. In its early decades, the INC demanded greater Indian representation and civil rights within the British administration and legislative councils. It also supported

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110 views2 pages

Notes On Inc

The Indian National Congress (INC) was formed on December 28, 1885 in Bombay by 72 Indian intellectuals gathered by A.O. Hume, a retired British civil servant. There were two main theories for the formation of the INC - the nationalist theory that it was needed to deal with national issues and oppose the British, and the safety valve theory, that it would act as a pressure release by addressing small local issues and informing the British government of larger public grievances. The INC held annual sessions where they elected a new president, discussed national issues, and passed resolutions presented to the British government. In its early decades, the INC demanded greater Indian representation and civil rights within the British administration and legislative councils. It also supported

Uploaded by

Jai Mohanka
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1st slide

So lets start with the formation of the Indian National Congress

.the Inc was formed on 28 Dec 1885 at Gokaldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in Bombay.

So how exactly did the Inc come into being?

After the 1857 revolution, many national political organizations were formed but they got
engaged in local issues and got converted into regional organizations. During the same time the
British were passing laws after laws that showed their racial attitude towards Indians with acts
like the arms act of 1878, vernacular press act of 1878 and Albert bill of 1884.

Finally, A O Hume, a retired British civil servant gathered 72 Indian intellectuals at Bombay and
the Inc was formed.

2nd slide
The founder of Congress was a retired British officer, so it was obvious that

There were some raised eyebrows. There are two theories as to why the Inc was formed.

The first was the nationalist theory which suggested that there was a need for an organization
that could deal with national issues and fight with Britishers in the language they understood.

The second theory was known as the safety valve theory in order to understand this better we
first need to look at what a safety valve is. The best example of it is a pressure cooker on top of
it, there is a valve it's basic function is to sense the pressure in the cooker and release it when the
pressure increases to maintain the normal amount of pressure in the cooker .The INC was made
to act in a similar way.They tried to solve small problems at ground root level but for the cases
where the anger among the general public was high the Congress informed the problems to the
govt . this acted as an early warning for them and hence they could take timely action.

Slide 3
The Inc since start held sessions annually where they would elect a new president every year,
discuss national issues, pass resolutions based on voting and these resolutions were presented to
the British government. This table shows some of the imp sessions of the Inc before
independence.
Slide 4
Now we will talk about INCs ideology. The political vision of the Indian National Congress was not
limited to mere opposition to colonialism, rather it had a strong ideological foundation. in the first twenty
years congress could be described as "moderate" in its objectives and methods. During this
period it demanded a greater voice for Indians in administration. It wanted the Legislative
Councils to be made more representative and Indians to be placed in high positions in the
government . These all demands were part of a movement against racism. Indian National
Congress, since inception, was fully committed to parliamentary democracy and civil rights and kept the
democratic structure alive within the organization1920, for instance, the proposal of non-cooperation
movement proposed by Mahatma Gandhi was also passed on the basis of 1886 votes as compared to 1841 .
liberty of press and speech were part of the basic ideology of the inc which played an important
role along with secularism The leadersof the congress criticized British rule in their speeches and
sent representatives to different parts of the country to mobilize public opinion. Even though
Congress was a body of educated elite it represented everyone and not just rich traders or
industrialists.

Slide 5

Continuing with incs idelaogy.it recognized the vast diversity of India & Abolishment of

.
Untouchability became the basic constituent of its ideology after 1920 .many leaders of the
inc like Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru and subash Chandra bose were socialists .Hence
From the 1920s, strong Socialist trends also developed in the Congress.so what is socialism
?socialism is a political and economic theory based on social justice.It basically means that every
person will work according to their ability and will gets benefits according to their contribution.
Indian National Congress acted as a bridge between the developmental efforts after
independence and gave the process of development a continuous revolution.

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