Report On Pharmaceuticals Sector in Bangladesh
Report On Pharmaceuticals Sector in Bangladesh
Prepared For:
i
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The pharmaceutical industry is one of the largest industries in the country. Bangladesh is able
to meet 97% of the needs with local production and only 3% is being imported from various
countries. However, despite being almost self-sufficient, Bangladesh is importing 80% of Active
Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) and other raw material used for production of the finished
drugs. These APIs and raw material are coming mainly from countries like China, Korea and
India. In this context, the High Commission of India commissioned a market research in 2017
with the objective to get a complete scenario of the pharmaceutical market in Bangladesh in
order to examine the potential for Indian companies to enter the Bangladesh pharmaceuticals
market. The study involved desk research and primary data collection through in-depth
interviews with the representatives of the different government bodies and pharmaceutical
companies to explore the market.
It was found that there are 250 companies currently operating in Bangladesh and the size of the
pharmaceutical market is around 1.5 billion in 2016. It is estimated to reach around 3 billion
USD by 2025. Currently 54 companies in Bangladesh are exporting pharmaceutical products like
antibiotics, vitamins, antisera, vaccines, toxins and sterile products to 127 countries including
United States of America, Vietnam, Nepal, Singapore, Myanmar, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Pakistan,
Oman, Yemen, Thailand and some countries in Central Asia and Africa. There is a large market
in Europe as well. As a least developed country (LDC), Bangladesh enjoys a waiver in patent law
enforcement and this has helped Bangladesh support the development of its pharmaceutical
industry.
Although Bangladesh is nearly self-sufficient in the area finished drugs, the APIs and raw
material are mainly imported. Currently Bangladesh pharmaceutical industry is able to source
only 20% of the total API requirement. The estimated market size of the APIs is around 730
million USD which means that Bangladesh is importing APIs worth of around 584 million USD. It
is estimated that demand for APIs will reach around 1,409 million USD in the year 2025. Most
of the raw materials and APIs are imported from China and India and it was found that
approximately 40% of the raw materials come from China and 30% from India, and the rest
come from other countries like Korea and Germany.
In conclusion, Indian companies supplying APIs have a sizeable market in Bangladesh with no
entry barriers and advantages of low costs of transportation. However Indian firms need to
maintain high quality and competitive prices to expand exports in this market. Indian
companies can also enter this market by investing in the proposed API Park in the country.
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LIST OF ACRONYMS
iii
LIST OF FIGURES
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CHAPTER 1: BACKGROUND AND METHODOLOGY
1.1 Background
The pharmaceutical industry is one of the major sectors of the Bangladesh economy.
Bangladesh is growing at a fast pace– the annual GDP growth rate has been around 6.5 percent
over the last one decade. The pharmaceutical industry is one of the key areas contributing to
this figure. It is said to be the largest white-collar employment sector in the country and this
industry is one of the highest contributors to the national treasury after the garments industry
(The World Bank, 2016). Bangladesh is able to meet 97% of the country’s requirement of
finished drugs, and this has reduced the imports to not more than 3% covering mainly insulin,
vaccines and anti-cancer drugs. The Drug Control Ordinance in the year 1982 played a key role
in the success of the pharmaceutical industry in Bangladesh and the industry has grown
substantially ever since. Bangladesh, however, needs to import around 80% of the APIs and
raw materials required.
In this context, the High Commission of India commissioned this study to understand the
pharmaceuticals sector in Bangladesh with a view to examine the potential for Indian
pharmaceutical companies to enter this market.
1.3 Methodology
The study was bifurcated into two phases as follows:
a) Desk Review - Secondary data collected from several recognized articles, journals,
research/academic papers and government and international websites.
b) Consultation with different government regulatory bodies and top pharmaceutical
companies of Bangladesh – In-depth interviews were administered to collect data and
detailed information about production, import and export areas of pharmaceutical
products in Bangladesh.
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A total of 13 in-depth interviews were administered with different government institutions and
pharmaceuticals companies and list of the institutions and companies are given below:
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CHAPTER 2: MARKET SIZE, IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
Billion (USD)
1.6 1.5
1.4
1.4 1.2
1.2 1.1
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
2013 2014 2015 2016
Although Bangladesh is almost self-sufficient in meeting the needs of the country, most of the
companies are still heavily dependent on imports for sourcing raw material and APIs. It was
found during the primary data collection phase that almost all the pharmaceutical companies
import APIs and other raw materials from different nations. These imports are mainly from
China, India, Korea and Italy.
Although Active Fine Chemicals Limited (AFCL), a public limited company and few top
pharmaceuticals companies are producing APIs and raw materials but this is not sufficient to
meet the requirement of the industry. Currently Bangladesh is able to source only 20% of the
total APIs required in the country locally. (Sector Briefing: Pharmaceutical Opportunity in
Bangladesh, UK Trade & Investment, 2011).
According to the report, the estimated market size of the API sector is around 730 million USD
which means that Bangladesh is importing APIs worth of around 584 million USD from different
3
countries. Therefore there is a huge potential for India to export API products and other raw
materials.
4.5
4.5
5.1
10.4
5.6
8.5
4
2.3 Growth Potential of the Market
Based on the available market size data from the year 2013 to 2016, the estimated size of the
size of pharmaceutical industry will be around 3 billion USD by the year 2025 (Figure 2.3)..
3.5
2.9
3 2.7
2.6
2.4
2.5 2.3
2.1
2
USD in Billion
2 1.8
1.7
1.5
1.4
1.5 1.2
1.1
1
0.5
0
2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026
Years
It is also estimated that market demand for API will be around 1,409 million USD in the year
2025 (figure 2.4).
Figure 2.4: Estimated growth potential of API market in Bangladesh
1600
1409
1400 1312
1264
1166
1200 1118
1021
972
1000 875
826
USD in Million
729
800 680
583
535
600
400
200
0
2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026
Years
5
2.4 Primary products in demand
In consultation with the pharmaceutical companies, it was found that most of the medicines
that are in demand in the country are produced locally, however some products come from
other countries additionally. The companies mentioned there are Indian finished drugs
available in the market, however, mostly the APIs and raw materials are imported from them.
The companies mentioned that India exports medicines for gastritis, insulin, and anti-cancer
medications.
Drugs that have the most demand are as follows:
Clinical trials of new pharmaceuticals
Disease modifying drugs (for instance, anti-cancer medications)
Cardio-vascular medicines
Biological drugs (for instance, insulin and hepatitis)
Hormonal therapies
Pain Killers
Medicines for gastritis
Veterinary and human vaccines
200 184
149
150
103 112
USD in Million
100
41
50
0
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025
Years
As mentioned earlier, the imports for raw materials and APIs are significant in Bangladeshi
market. Around 80% of API comes from different country. During the primary data collection
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phase, the pharmaceutical companies mentioned that most of the raw materials and APIs come
from China and India. In consultation with the representatives, it was concluded that
approximately 40% of the raw materials come from China and 30% come from India, and the
rest come from other countries like Korea and Germany. However, no concrete data was found
as such from any government institutions.
300 274
250
200
USD in Million
150
97.3
100 85
67 73
51 51 48.6 55
46 42.6
50 24.3
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Years
Bangladesh government has also taken the initiative to establish active pharmaceutical
ingredients (API) industrial park and the project is going to start from 2018. With this,
Bangladesh's pharmaceutical sector will be able to produce APIs and other raw materials on a
large scale. The production of API will not only ensure self-sufficiency but will also offer
competitive price in the global market. Being a least-developed country, Bangladesh has been
exempted from the obligations to implement patents and data protection for pharmaceutical
products until January 2033 by the World Trade Organization.
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“Since we have the waiver, we will be able to make the patented drugs and their raw materials
and export them. We will also be able to make the raw materials of the new medicines that are
being developed. Currently India & China are the major raw material supplying countries
globally, however they face restrictions for exports from the WTO as they are not LDC countries
unlike Bangladesh. Therefore this makes it easier for Bangladesh to export.”
-SM Shafiuzzaman, secretary general of the BAPI
(The Daily Star, March 07, 2016 edition)
Therefore the API imports from India may come down with the operationalization of the API
Park.
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CHAPTER 3: SELECTING SUPPLIERS AND PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS FOR IMPORT
Bangladesh is importing finished drugs, APIs and other raw materials from many countries
including India as seen in the previous chapter. As importers, the companies have certain
criteria for selecting the suppliers and pharmaceutical products they import. The criteria are as
follows:
a) Quality Assurance – Quality assurance was found to be the prime factor taking into
accounts for imports. Every company has a Quality Control Department that goes and
checks the materials that the companies are interested to import. Quality is determined
according to the USA and UK pharmacopeia1 where the parameters of each drug is
mentioned in terms of their appearance, color, their middle point, their profile and their
organic volatility. The order is placed by the companies after the quality control
departments approve the products.
As mentioned in section 2.5, all the pharmaceuticals companies are already importing
around 30% of the raw materials and API products from India. It was also found majority
of the companies were satisfied with the API products they bring from India as well as
look forward to expand their imports from India to bring APIs and other raw materials
because transportation cost for bringing these products is minimum since India is a
neighboring country. However 2 companies (the top two pharmaceutical companies)
mentioned that some Indian companies failed to meet the quality criteria while
supplying in bulk, whereas the quality shown to the companies during the visit was
better than those supplied.
b) Pricing –Price was found to be the second most important factor of the products that
the companies take into account in order to import. The companies mentioned that
there are items that are of same quality in India and other countries like China, but
sometimes other countries get preference because India’s products are a bit expensive
despite the fact that the transportation cost is very low to import from India. This means
it is cheaper to import from countries like China even after paying the higher
shipment/transportation costs. They further recommended that the Indian companies
should review their pricing policy in order to match the price that China offers.
1
An officially published book containing a list of medicinal drugs with their effects and directions for their use.
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Finally, almost all of the companies interviewed stated that they are keen to increase imports of
APIs and other raw materials from India since they themselves produce finished drugs. Also, the
overall experience of importing from India was found to be good. Nonetheless, matching prices
with China is a factor to be considered by the companies for further imports.
Regarding the method of contact, the companies said that they mostly use e-mails, and
sometimes receive phone calls from foreign suppliers. While the respondents were asked how
they prefer to be contacted if Indian companies want to approach them and they replied that
they want to continue the methods they are currently using, which are e-mails and phone calls.
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CHAPTER 4: LAWS, REGULATIONS AND PROCEDURE FOR IMPORTS
Approval on collecting the raw materials and packaging contents for import:
After the company submits a distribution list following the fixed format of collecting the raw
materials and packages for import. The above distribution list is presented in the standing
committee of drug and raw materials related to drugs. The standing committee approves the
distribution list.
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Distribution list of locally prepared raw materials and packaging contents are approved by the
Directorate.
Inclusion of items/Registration Approval:
After receiving the letter on recipe approval, the company submits the documents described in
the selected check list for inclusion of item(s) in the license.
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Evaluation of the Recipe and Authorization:
The recipes of the proposed common medicines (recommended by the Dug Control
Committee) are presented in the meeting of local Recipe Evaluation Committee. Recipes
recommended by the local Recipe Evaluation Committee are approved by the licensing
authorities (drugs) and the applicant institution is informed later with a letter. The expiration
time of the approved recipe lasts for 1 year and by submitting the necessary fees it can be
extended to another additional year after the expiration. The recipes of non-regular medicines
are presented in the Sub-Committee of Drug Control. The non-regular medicines recommended
by the Sub-Committee of Drug Control are presented in the Drug Control Committee. Drug
Control Committee recommends approves the recipes based on safety, efficacy and necessity.
Licensing Authorities (of Drugs) approve the recipes recommended by the Drug Control
Committee and the applicant institution gets informed with a letter. The expiration time of the
approved recipe lasts for 1 year for non-regular drugs as well and with necessary fees this can
also be extended to another additional year after the expiration.
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CHAPTER 5: SWOT ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATION
Strengths Weaknesses
There is a market for Indian raw materials and Indian materials’ prices are higher than that of
APIs in Bangladesh. China’s and some other countries. Products of the
same qualities come in cheaper prices from China.
As Bangladesh is already importing APIs and some
medicines, there are no entry barriers to be faced Quality is a prime concern in the case of the
as such. imported products. As two of the top most
pharmaceutical companies’ representatives have
Low transportation costs, due to being a already mentioned, that the imported products
neighboring country, has the potential to lead to quality was not as good as the ones that were
lower overall costs for import by Bangladesh. initially demonstrated.
S W
Opportunities
O W
T Threats
S
Low transportation costs – due to close proximity W Bangladesh imports of API will come down with
with Bangladesh as well as better transportation the operationalization of the API Park.
linkage between the two countries. W
Knowledge and technology sharing partnerships W
could also be one of the avenues of increasing
Indian presence in the country’s pharmaceutical
sector.
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5.2 Recommendation
In light of the SWOT analysis derived from the findings, it was found that India already has
some strengths of exporting pharmaceutical products in Bangladesh as well as a possibility of
increasing exports of APIs and other raw materials. India also has an opportunity to play a vital
role here by developing a knowledge and technology sharing partnership with Bangladesh
which can be one of the avenues of increasing India’s presence in the country’s pharmaceutical
sector. However, as we know by now that Bangladesh is already almost self-sufficient for
finished drugs and the upcoming API industrial park may also shrink the Indian API market in
Bangladesh.
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References
Bumpas, J., Kostermans, K., Nair, D. (2007). Public and Private Sector Approaches
to Improving Pharmaceutical Quality in Bangladesh. World Bank Discussion Paper.
Hoq, M.R., Ahsan, M. A., Tabassum, T.A. (2013). A Study on SWOT Analysis of Pharmaceutical
Industry: The Bangladesh Context. Global Disclosure of Economics and Business, Volume 2.
De, P., Raihan, S., Kathuria, S. (2012). Unlocking Bangladesh-India Trade. Policy Research
Working Paper, the World Bank.
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Annex: List of Top Pharmaceutical Companies in Bangladesh and their contact address
1
6 RENATA LIMITED Yes Yes Yes Yes Ananta Saha
Senior Additional Manager,
International Business Division
Plot 1, Milk Vita Road, Section 7,
Mirpur, Dhaka 1216
Phone: +88029031012, Ext. 214
Mobile Phone: +8801811411844
E-mail: [email protected]
7 ARISTOPHARMA LTD. Yes Yes Yes No S.M. Noor Hossain
GM, Marketing & Planning
7, Purana Paltan Line, Dhaka 1000
Phone: +88029351691-3
Mobile Phone: +8801959920001
E-mail: [email protected]
8 Opsonin Pharma Yes Yes Yes No Enamul Kabir
Manager, Commercial
30 New Eskaton Road, Dhaka 1000
Phone: +0258312223, Ext. 1401
1
12 GENERAL Pharmaceuticals Yes No Yes Yes Md. Faruk Hossain
Ltd. Head of Marketing
Sara Aftab Tower, 29 Ring Road,
Holdings No. 6/1/A (5th Floor),
Shamoli, Adabor, Dhaka 1207
Phone: +88029132594, +88028120243
1
20. Amico Laboratories Yes Yes Yes No Mr. Mojibul Islam
Managing Director
Shandani Life Bhaban, 22/10 Babar
Road,
Block-B, Shaymoli, Dhaka-1207,
Phone: 01711-560600
E-mail: [email protected]
21. Albion Laboratories Ltd. Yes No Yes No Mr. Mohammed Nezam Uddin
Managing Director
Road # 02, House # F-2/8, Block-B
Chandgaon, Chittagong,
Phone:
01819-102748
E-mail: [email protected]
22. Astra Biopharmaceuticals Ltd. Yes Yes Yes No Md. Ziaul Haque
Managing Director
43/2 Ring Road, Shyamoli, Dhaka-1207
Phone: 01915-474101
E-mail: [email protected]
23. Active Fine Chemicals Ltd. Yes Yes Yes No Md. Nurul Islam Ronju
Vice President & Head of Marketing
Navana Osman@Links,
214/D Tejgoan Gulshan Link Road,
Phone: 01971300300, 01713450038
mail: [email protected]
24. Bengal Techno Pharma Ltd. Yes No Yes No Mr. Mohammad Ali Khan
Managing Director
52/1 Green Road (Ground Floor),
Dhanmondi
Dhaka-1205,
Phone: 01711-721483
E-
mail: [email protected]
om
25. BIOPHARMA Ltd. Yes Yes Yes No Dr. Anwarul Azim
Managing Director
7/16 Lalmatia, Block-B, Dhaka-1207
Phone: 01711868814
E-mail: [email protected]
26. Bridge Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Yes No Yes No Mr. Md. Lutfar Rahman Bhuiyan
Managing Director
House 231, Lane 16, Mohakhali DOHS,
Dhaka
E-mail: [email protected]
2
27. Central Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Yes No Yes No Mr. Munsur Ahmed
Managing Director
2A/1 South-West Darus Salam Road
(2nd floor)
Phone: 01817031314
E-mail: [email protected]
28. Concord Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Yes Yes Yes No Mr. Md. Faizur Rahman
Managing Director
Sima Blossom (11th Floor), House # 3
(New), 390 (Old)
Road # 16 (New) 27 (Old), Dhanmondi,
Dhaka-1205
Phone: 01711-218233
E-
mail: [email protected]
om,
[email protected]
29. Essential Drugs Co. Ltd. Yes Yes Yes No Prof. Dr. Ehsanul Kabir
Managing Director
Essential Drugs Co Ltd
395-97 Tejgaon IA, Dhaka-1208
Phone: 01713-037855
E-mail: [email protected]
30. Edruc Limited Yes Yes Yes No Mr. Md. Feroz Uddin Khan
Managing Director
Edruc Limited
14 Bijoy Nagar, Dhaka-1000
Phone: 01711-541804
E-mail: [email protected]
31. Ethical Drugs Ltd. Yes Yes Yes No Mr. Rahmat Ullah
Managing Director
Ethical Drugs Ltd
19 Dilkusha CA (8th floor), Dhaka-1000
Phone: 01713-001192
E-mail: [email protected]
32. GlaxoSmithKline Bangladesh Yes Yes Yes No Mr. M Azizul Huq
Ltd. Managing Director
House # 2A, Road # 138, Gulshan-1,
Dhaka-1212
Phone: 8823675, 8858870-3
E-mail: [email protected]
33. Globe Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Yes Yes Yes No Mr. Md. Harunur Rashid
Chairman
Nobosristo Plot # 3/Ka, Tejgaon I/A,
Dhaka-1208
Phone: 01713-098777, 01819-279999
E-mail: [email protected]
1
34. Great Bengal Chemical & Yes No Yes No Mr. Z H Chowdhury
Phar. Works Ltd. 52 Islamabad Market, Laldighi,
Chittagong
Phone: 223798
35. Greenland Pharmaceuticals Yes No Yes No Mr. Mohammad Moazzem Hossain
Ltd. Managing Director
Saiham Sky View Tower, 8th Floor, 45,
Bijoy Nagar
Phone: 01714070303
E-mail: [email protected]
36. Gentry Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Yes No Yes No Mr. Rezaul Hasan
Managing Director
82 Lake Drive Road, Sector-7, Uttara,
Dhaka-1230
Phone: 7912936, 8931056
E-mail: [email protected]
37. Hudson Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Yes Yes Yes No Mr. S M Shafiuzzaman
Managing Director
House # 157, Lane-3 (Eastern Road)
New DOHS, Mohakhali, Dhaka-1206
Phone: 01713-095959
E-mail: [email protected]
38. Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Yes Yes Yes No Mr. Muhammad Halimuzzaman
Ltd. Chief Executive Officer
Nasir Trade Centre (Level * & 14),
89 Bir Uttam CR Datta Sarak
Dhaka-1205
Phone: 01819-218387, 01979-218387
E-
mail: [email protected]
39. The Ibn-Sina Pharmaceutical Yes No Yes No Dr. A.K.M. Sadrul Islam
Industry Ltd. Managing Director
Tanin Center, 3 Asad Gate, Mirpur
Road, Mohammadpur
Phone: 8131429, 9114710
40. Indo-Bangla Pharmaceuticals Yes No Yes No Mr. A.F.M. Anowarul Huq
Ltd. Managing Director
a-2, 11/1 Avoy Das Lane, Tikatuli,
Dhaka
Phone: 01711345816, 01711374179
E-mail:
[email protected]
41. Jayson Phrmaceuticals Ltd. Yes Yes Yes No Mr. Md. Salimullah
Managing Director
5/9 Lalmatia, Block-A, Dhaka-1207
Phone: 01711-526711
E-mail: [email protected]
2
42. Medicon Pharmaceuticals Ltd Yes Yes Yes No Mr. Naquib Huda
Managing Director
44 Purana Paltan, Dhaka-1000. Phone:
01613-075417
E-mail: [email protected]
43. Millat Pharmaceuticals Ltd Yes Yes Yes No Mr. Miah Abdullah Wazed
Managing Director
65-66 Postagola I/A, Dhaka-1204
Phone: 01715-224067
E-mail: [email protected]
44. Markson Pharmaceuticals Yes yes Yes No Mr. Md. Arif Uddin
Ltd. House 06, Road 112-A, Gulshan 2
Phone: 01715-233266
E-mail: [email protected]
45. Nipa Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Yes Yes Yes No Tasneem F. Islam
Managing Director
10/16 Iqbal Rd. Block-A,
Mohammadpur
Dhaka-1207,
E-mail: [email protected]
46. Navana Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Yes yes Yes No Mr. Ali Reza Baksh
Managing Director
House # 99, Road # 4, Block-B, Banani,
Dhaka-1213
Phone: 01755-550222
E-mail: [email protected]
47. Novartis (Bangladesh) Ltd. Yes Yes Yes No Mr. Sheikh Nahar Mahmud
Managing Director
13 Bir Uttam CR Datta Road (Old
Sonargaon Road),
Dhaka-1000
Phone: 01755-585666
E-mail: [email protected]
48. Novo Healthcare & Pharma Yes Yes Yes No Mr. Ahsanul Habib Rumi
Ltd. Manging Director
Plot # 2, Road # 11, Block-C, Section-6,
Mirpur
Dhaka-1216
Phone: 8057141, 8055455
E-mail: [email protected]
3
49. Nuvista Pharma Ltd. Yes Yes Yes No Mr. Akhter Matin Chaudhury
Managing Director
Mascot Plaza (8th floor), 107/A
Sonargaon Janapath Uttara CA,
Sector-7,
Dhaka-1230
Phone: 01711-527677
E-
mail: [email protected].
bd
50. Novelta Bestway Yes Yes Yes No Mr. Mollick Mahmood Hossain
Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Managing Director
Bashati Green (5th floor), House # 43
Road # 4/A (New), Dhanmondi RA,
Dhaka-1209,
Phone: 01711-594363
E-mail: [email protected]