MODULE I

LIFE STORIES

A. VOCABULARY
1. Read the following phrases and discuss their meaning with a partner:
to be married …F…
to go out …………
to have a boring/ an interesting job …………
to go shopping alone/ with your children/ friends/ husband/ wife …………
to play a musical instrument …………
to go to school/ college/ university ………….
to be unemployed …………
to have brothers/ sisters/ siblings …………
to study foreign languages …………
to have children/ a son/ a daughter …………
to have a degree in Chemistry/ Biology/ Languages/ Mathematics/ Physics/ History etc. ……
to work for a company …………

2. Mark the phrases above: F- family, W-work, FT – free time, S – study.

3. Explanations: read the following explanations related to family life.

a. Relatives: these are the most important relatives:

MALE FEMALE COMMON
Your parents mother father parents
Your parents’ parents grandmother grandfather grandparents
Your parents’ brother and uncle aunt -
sister
Your aunt’s/ uncle’s children cousin cousin cousin
Your children son daughter children
The parents of the person you father-in-law mother-in-law -
marry
The siblings of the person you brother-in-law sister-in-law -
marry
Your brother’s/ sister’s nephew niece -
children
If the person someone marries widower widow -
dies, the person is a
If a child’s father or mother step-father step-mother -
remarries, the child has a

b. Family background (=family history)

My grandfather was a market gardener in Ireland. He grew flowers, fruit and vegetables
and sold them in the market every day. He worked hard all his life, and when he died, his son
(now my uncle) and daughter (my mother) inherited a large house and garden (=received this
house and garden from my grandfather when he died). They carried on (=continued) the
business together until my mother met my father. They got married, moved to England, and I
was born two years later. They didn’t have any more children, so I am an only child.

c. Family names
When you are born, your family gives you a first name, e.g. James, Kate, Sarah and
Alex are common first names in Britain. Your family name (also called your surname) is the
one that all the family share, e.g. Smith, Brown, Jones, O’Neill are common surnames in
Britain. Some parents give their children a middle name (like a first name), but you do not
usually say this name. Your full name is all the names you have, e.g. Sarah Jane Smith.

d. Changing times
Society changes and so do families. In some places, people may decide to live together
but do not get married. They are not husband and wife, but call each other their partner.
There are also many families in some parts of the world where the child or children live(s)
with just their mother or father. These are called single-parent families.

e. Ex-
We use this for a husband/ wife/ boyfriend/ girlfriend we had in the past but do not have
now. A woman can say the children are staying with her ex-husband at the weekend. A
young man can say he saw and ex-girlfriend of his in the club on Saturday evening.

4. Exercise: fill in each blank with a word in bold from the explanations section.

a. Popescu is a quite frequent Romanian ……………………………..

b. My favourite aunt never married but she has had the same …………………………. for
over 20 years now.
c. When my grandmother died, my father ……………………. a pretty cottage in a village
in the mountains.
d. My friends call me Jane but most of them don’t know I also have a …………………….
name. It’s Gabriella.
e. Steve has never spoken to his ………………………. after the divorce.
f. Diana is an ……………………………. She has no siblings (brothers or sisters).

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 g. Write your ………………………… on the application. Don’t omit your middle name if
you have one.
h. Susan’s ……………………………. already has a new girlfriend. Her name is Adriana.

B. SPEAKING
1. Work in pairs. Ask your partner the following questions and mark his/her answers.
Then answer your partner’s questions.

Ex: Are you married? Yes, I am./ No, I’m not.

Do you have an interesting job? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.

YOU YOUR
PARTNER
Are you married?
Do you have an interesting job?
Do you work in a school?
Do you have any brothers or sisters?
Do you play a musical instrument?
Do you go shopping alone?
Do you study any foreign languages?
Do you have children?
Do you often go out?
Do you know anybody who is unemployed at the moment?
Do you work for a company?

2. Group-work: talk to your colleagues about yourself using the phrases above and the
model below.

Model: My name is Alan Smith and I am 43 years old. I live in Chester, Great Britain. I am
married and I have two children: a son, Andrew, and a daughter, Diana. I have a degree in
engineering and I think I have an interesting job at a car factory. My wife is a nurse at a
local hospital and my children are both college students. During the week my wife and I go
to work and our children go to college. At the weekend we usually spend time together and
we go to the theatre, to the restaurant or to the cinema. We also go shopping. When I have
time, I also study foreign languages, especially French and Spanish.

C. READING
1. Read the text below and match the subtitles with the paragraphs.
− Fame and fortune
− Family and free time
− His early life

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− A famous chef

1............................................
Jamie Oliver (James Trevor Oliver) is
one of Britain’s favourite chefs – every week
millions of people watch him on TV and use
his recipes. He is known for campaigning for
healthier eating for school children in the UK
and the US.

2……………………………….
Jamie was born in Essex, England, on
th
27 May 1975. When he was only eight, he
started helping in his parents’ restaurant. He
went to the Westminster Catering College
when he was sixteen and then worked at the
famous River Café in London for three years.
His first TV programme, called The Naked
Chef, appeared on BBC and it was an instant success, dealing with simple yet delicious dishes
that could be cooked easily. Jamie quickly became famous and, in 1999, he prepared lunch for
the British Prime Minister. Other TV shows followed, among which Jamie’s Kitchen, Jamie’s
Great Italian Escape, Jamie Oliver’s Food Revolution and Jamie’s 30-Minute Meals.

3………………………………
Now Jamie has got his own restaurants in London and also in other countries such as
Australia, Canada, Russia, Italy, Turkey etc. His chains of restaurants are called Jamie Oliver’s
Barbecoa, Jamie’s Italian, Jamie Oliver’s Diner and Fifteen. Fifteen isn’t a typical restaurant –
every year Jamie takes fifteen unemployed people and teaches them to become chefs. Although
he suffers from severe dyslexia - he read his first novel, Catching Fire, at the age of 38, Jamie
wrote many recipe books that are sold all over the world. Of course, the restaurants, the TV
shows and the books have made him very rich and famous.

4………………………………
Jamie got married in 2000 and he lives in London with his wife, Jools, and their five
children: Poppy Honey Rosie, Daisy Boo Pamela, Petal Blossom Rainbow, Buddy Bear Maurice
and River Rocket Blue Dallas. He’s so busy that he doesn’t have much free time, but he loves
riding around London on his scooter and he plays the drums in a rock band. When he’s at home,
he likes making bread and cooking pasta – his favourite ingredients are olive oil and lemons
from Scicily.

2. Read the text again and answer the following questions.

a. How does he travel around London? …By scooter…
b. When did he get married? ………………………………………………………….
c. Which instrument can he play? …………………………………………………….
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 d. What is his wife’s name? ………………………………………………...
e. What kind of learning disorder does he have? ……………………………….……
f. How old was he when he started college? …………………………………………
g. How many children has he got? ……………………………………………………
h. How old was he when he read his first novel? ……..……………………………...
i. When did he get married? ………………………..………………………………...
j. How long did he work at the River Café? …………………………………………
k. Who did he make lunch for in 1999? ………………………………………………
l. Why is one of his restaurants called Fifteen?............................................................
................................................................................................................................

3. Underline the question words in the previous exercise, then fill in the table with the
words in the box.

Who Which Where What Whose When Why How

How long How many How much How often How old

Question word Meaning

Who A person
A time
A place
A reason (because…)
Which A thing (a small number of possible answers)
A thing (many possible answers)
A period of time (for a week etc.)
Age
A way of doing something
An amount of money (uncountable)
The number of times you do something
An amount of countable things
Possession

EXPLICAȚII:

• Putem folosi Which sau What cu același sens. Ex. Which/ What restaurant do you go to?
• Folosim Whose pentru a pune întrebări despre posesie. Ex. Whose dog is this? Emma’s.
• Folosim What kind/ type/ sort of… pentru a întreba despre un anumit fel/ tip/ gen de obiect/
activitate etc. Ex. What kind of flowers did you buy?
• Folosim How far... pentru a pune întrebări referitoare la distanță. Ex. How far did you swim?

4. Fill in the gaps with question words, then match the questions with the answers a-h.

a. __What__ languages do you speak? __f__

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 b. ________ does Jamie Oliver come from? ______
c. ________ has the most interesting job you know? ______
d. ________ did she get married? ______
e. ________ are you studying English? ______
f. ______ _____ is a university degree course in England? _______
g. ________ _______ brothers and sisters have you got? _______
h. ________ ________ do you go to the cinema? _______

1. Three or four years. 5. About three years ago. It was a lovely

2. Every weekend. I love films. wedding.
3. My brother. He’s a musician in a band. 6. French and a little Spanish.
4. Essex in England. 7. I want to get a better job.
8. One brother and one sister.

* Worksheet 1: question words.

D. GRAMMAR: present simple and continuous.
1. Explanations
THE PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE
Negative Negative
Affirmative Long forms Short forms Interrogative
I work I do not work I don’t work Do I work?
You work You do not work You don’t work Do you work?
He/ she/ it works He/ she/ it does not work He/ she/ it doesn’t work Does he/ she/ it work?
We work We do not work We don’t work Do we work?
You work You do not work You don’t work Do you work?
They work They do not work They don’t work Do they work?
THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Affirmative Negative
Interrogative
Long forms Short forms Long forms Short forms
I am working I’m working I am not working I’m not working Am I working?
You are working You’re working You are not working You aren’t working Are you working?
He/ she/ it is He’s/ she’s/ it’s He/ she/ it is not He/ she/ it isn’t Is he/ she/ it working?
working working working working Are we working?
We are working We’re working We are not working We aren’t working Are you working?
You are working You’re working You are not working You aren’t working Are they working?
They are working They’re working They are not working They aren’t working

We use PRESENT SIMPLE to express REPEATED ACTIONS and GENERAL

SITUATIONS.
Ex. My father drives to work every morning. (repeated/habitual action)
Susan lives in Paris. (general situation)

We use PRESENT CONTINUOUS to express ACTIONS HAPPENING AT THE

MOMENT OF SPEECH.
Ex. Mom can’t answer the phone because she is driving right now. (action happening at the
moment of speech)

2. Exercise: identify the verb tense (present simple or present continuous).

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 Ex. Tom works in a bank. __present simple__.
It’s 7:30 a.m. and I am waiting for the bus to go to school. __present continuous__.

1. My wife always makes breakfast in the morning. ________________________

2. What are you wearing today? _______________________
3. Take your umbrella with you! It is raining heavily. __________________________
4. I usually phone my sister in the evening. __________________________________
5. Jenny is tall and thin. ____________________________
6. Please be quiet. The children are sleeping. ___________________________
7. Does Andrew live in London? __________________________
8. We study English three times a week. ____________________________
9. I can’t interrupt my husband right now. He is talking on the phone. _________________
10. What happened? Why are you crying? _____________________________

3. Work in pairs. Ask your partner the following questions and mark his/her answers.
Then answer your partner’s questions. Use the appropriate tense (present simple or
continuous) according to the models.

Every day/ usually Yes, I Now Yes, I am./

do./ No, No, I’m not
I don’t.
…drink coffee… …drink coffee…
Do you drink coffee? Are you drinking coffee?
…study English… …study English…
Do you study English? Are you studying English?
…write e-mails… …write e-mails…
Do you write e-mails? Are you writing e-mails?
…wear shirts… …wear shirts…
…eat sweets… …eat sweets…
…drive… …drive…
…sit a lot at work… …sit a lot at work…
…ride a bike… …ride a bike…
…watch soap operas… …watch soap operas…
…use Facebook… …use Facebook…

E. READING AND LISTENING: Song: Lemon tree – Fools Garden

1. Read the following information about a band called Fools Garden and decide if the
following sentences are true or false.

a. Fools Garden is a British band. …………

b. The album Dish of the Day was released in 1995. ……….
c. The song Lemon Tree was first included in the album For Sale ………
d. Fools Garden released an album related to a major basketball event. …………

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 Fools Garden is a German musical group formed in 1991,
comprising singer Peter Freudenthaler, guitarist Volker Hinkel,
bassist Thomas Mangold, keyboardist Roland Röhl and drummer Ralf
Wochele.
Their first album, Once in a Blue Moon was released in 1993,
followed two years later by Dish of the Day, which included their best
known hit "Lemon Tree". Go and Ask Peggy for the Principal
Thing followed in 1997, then For Sale (2000), 25 Miles to Kissimmee
(2003), and Ready for the Real Life (2005).
In 2003 the band changed three of its members: Roland Röhl, Thomas Mangold, and Ralf
Wochele left, to be replaced by bassist Dirk Blümlein, drummer Claus Müller, and a second
guitarist, Gabriel Holz. Holz left the band in 2007, after moving to Berlin.
In 2006, Fool's Garden released the single "I Got a Ticket," referring to the World Cup
Soccer competition that was held in Germany.
When the guitarist Volker Hinkel and the singer Peter Freudenthaler founded the band
Fool’s Garden (that was the initial name) in 1991, they couldn't really have figured what a great
success their song "Lemon Tree" would have in 1996. This megahit conquered the charts all
around the world and, even nowadays, played and sung along everywhere.

2. Read the explanations about some common English idioms and do the exercise.

Fools Garden’s first major album was entitled Once in a Blue Moon,
which means very rarely. The origin of this idiom is the rare phenomenon
when the full moon appears a second time during the same month. This only
happens once in 32 months and, when it does, the moon usually appears bigger
and different in colour, more blue and orange.

Look at other five common English idioms, read the examples, and match the idioms with
the following meanings:

a. To feel ill or sick.

b. To hear something from the authoritative source.
c. A job, task or activity which is very simple or easy.
d. To reveal a secret.
e. To rain heavily.

1. It’s raining cats and dogs. …e…

2. A piece of cake. ……….

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 3. To feel under the weather. ……….

4. Let the cat out of the bag. ………

To hear something straight from

5. the horse’s mouth. ……..

3. Read the song and fill in the blanks with the verbs in the present tense continuous
SHORT FORMS. Then listen and check.

I ............................................ (sit) here in the boring room

It's just another rainy Sunday afternoon
I ............................................ (waste) my time
I got nothing to do
I ............................................ (hang) around
I ............................................ (wait) for you
But nothing ever happens and I wonder

I .............................. (drive) around in my car

I .............................. (drive) too fast
I ............................... (drive) too far
I'd like to change my point of view
I feel so lonely
I .............................. (wait) for you
But nothing ever happens and I wonder

I wonder how
I wonder why
Yesterday you told me 'bout the blue blue sky
And all that I can see is just a yellow lemon-tree
I .............................. (turn) my head up and down
I ............................................................................................. (turn x 5) around
And all that I can see is just another lemon-tree

I ............................... (sit) here

I miss the power
I'd like to go out taking a shower
But there's a heavy cloud inside my head
I feel so tired
Put myself into bed
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 While nothing ever happens and I wonder...

Isolation is not good for me

Isolation I don't want to sit on the lemon-tree

I ……………………….. (step) around in the desert of joy

Baby anyhow I'll get another toy
And everything will happen and you wonder…

I wonder how
I wonder why
Yesterday you told me 'bout the blue blue sky
And all that I can see is just another lemon-tree
I …………………………. (turn) my head up and down
I ………………………………………… (turn x 5) around
And all that I can see is just a yellow lemon-tree
And I wonder, wonder…

I wonder how
I wonder why
Yesterday you told me 'bout the blue blue sky
And all that I can see, and all that I can see, and all that I can see
Is just a yellow lemon-tree

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 MODULE II

RELATIONSHIPS AND GOING OUT

A. CONVERSATION
1. Read the conversation below and put the following sentences in the right order.
They see a band playing in Brixton. __________
Stephen talks to his friend on his mobile phone. __________
Ashlie and Stephen meet in Covent Garden. __________
Ashlie and Stephen meet in Caroline and Carl. _________
Ashlie and Stephen decide to go dancing. _________
Stephen orders the drinks at the bar. ________

Ashlie (on the phone): That should do it. The Yorkshire Grey in half an hour... I’m here in
Covent Garden and we’re going on a night out. It’s the very centre of London – a place
where lots of people come to meet up and hit the town. Now, Stephen should be here any
minute.
Stephen: Hi Ash. Sorry I’m late. Have you heard from Caroline and Carl?
Ashlie: Yes, they’re at the Yorkshire Grey. Just round the corner. Come on. We’ll meet
inside the pub.
Stephen and Ashlie meet Caroline and Carl inside the pub.
Stephen: Hi Caroline – how’ve you been?
Caroline: Yeah good – so great to see you.
Carl: How are you? How are things?
Ashlie: Really good. You?
Carl: Yeah – good thanks.
Ashlie: Go on then Stephen, get us some drinks.
Stephen: Ok – what will you have?
Ashlie: I’ll have a sparkling water and what are you having, Caroline?
Caroline: Err, a glass of white wine.
Ashlie: And a glass of white for Caroline. Ooh, and get us some crisps, salt and vinegar.
Stephen: And how about you Carl? What can I get you?
Carl: Thanks Stephen, I’ll have a pint of lager.
Ashlie: Come on then. Let’s go and sit down.
Carl: I’ll give you a hand.
......

Stephen: Hi there. Can I have a sparkling …water, a glass of white wine, a coke, a pint of
lager - and a packet of salt and vinegar crisps, please?
Barmaid: Here’s the lager, a sparkling water, a cola and a packet of salt and vinegar
crisps.... Is there anything else?
Stephen: That’s it, thanks.
Barmaid: That’s nine ninety, please.
Stephen: Here you go, 10 pounds. Keep the change.
.....

Ashlie: Here they are. You guys took your time.

Stephen: Big queue at the bar. There you go.
Ashlie: Thank you. So, what’s the plan for tonight then?
Stephen: Well, we could go to another pub? Or we could… Phil called. I said I’d call him
back.
Ashlie: Ah - I’ll give him a ring. His band might be playing tonight. I’ll just pop outside. I’ll
be back in a sec.
Caroline: What sort of music is it?
Stephen: Do you know what … it’s a bit … it’s not my kind of thing…
Ashlie: Right guys. Listen. Phil’s band are playing tonight in Brixton and if we leave now
we’ll make it just in time.
Carl: OK then, let’s go then.
Ashlie: Come on then, let’s get a taxi.
......

Ashlie: Wow, they’re so cool!

Stephen: Hmmm.
Singer: Thank you very much. We’re the Rum Shebeens. Goodnight.
Ashlie: They were excellent. They were so good!
Stephen: Ah - I’m not sure about the music. It’s not exactly my kind of thing. You can’t
really dance to it, can you? You know what guys, I think we should go dancing. I know a
great place.
Carl: Actually, it’s getting quite late.
Stephen: Oh, come on.
Carl: Sorry, I’ve got to go to work in the morning.
Caroline: Me too, Stephen. I’m sorry. We’ll get a taxi home.
Stephen: OK, never mind. It looks like it’s just me and you, kid!
Ashlie: Well, actually Stephen, it is late and...
Stephen: Oh come on, don’t be so boring. I want to dance.
Ashlie: Oh, all right, then. See you later guys!
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 Caroline: Have a good night. See you later!
Ashlie: See you!
Carl: Bye.
Stephen: Have a good night – take care!
Ashlie: Right then. Where are you taking me?
Stephen: You’re going to love it.

2. Read the conversation again and decide if the following sentences are true or false.
Circle the correct answer.

a. Ashlie and Stephen went out for dinner with their friends. T/F
b. Ashlie and Stephen were late when meeting their friends. T/F
c. Stephen ordered two pints of beer. T/F
d. Ashlie wanted to go to Brixton. T/F
e. Stephen didn’t like the type of music the band played. T/F
f. Caroline and Carl left because they were bored. T/F

B. READING
1. Read the article below quickly and choose the suitable title.

a. British pubs
b. London’s most historic and
celebrated pub
c. British pubs and ghosts

The British pub is said to be ”the heart of England”. There are over sixty thousand public
houses, or pubs, in the UK. Going to the pub is an important part of British culture. People talk,
eat, drink, meet their friends and relax there. Pubs often have two bars, one usually quieter than
the other, many have a garden where people can sit in the summer. Children can go in pub
gardens with their parents.
”The Spaniard’s Inn” is an iconic London pub which provides the perfect setting for a truly
memorable drinking and dining experience. It was built in 1585 and it has remained largely
unchanged since then. It got its name from the two former Spanish landlords Francesco and Juan
Porero, who fought a duel over a woman they both loved and wanted. Juan didn’t survive and
they buried him in the garden and his ghost is said to be one of the many who haunt the
building.
Another ghostly figure related to the Spaniard’s is that of the bloodthirsty highwayman Dick
Turpin, who used it as a base to plan his many robberies. Turpin’s father was the landlord of the
pub, so he probably spent his childhood there. Turpin’s pistols were displayed in the inn but
sadly somebody stole them a few years ago. A lady in white, perhaps one of his victims, is
sometimes spotted in the garden.
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 Perhaps these ghosts only appear when you have had a drink too many, but the inn is also a
literary landmark. Charles Dickens’ and Bram Stoker mentioned it in their works. Robert Louis
Stevenson, William Blake, Mary Shelley and Lord Byron were its patrons, as were the painters
Hogarth, Reynolds and Constable. Keats was a frequent visitor and it is rumoured that he wrote
his famous “Ode to a Nightingale” after listening to the nightingales singing in the inn’s garden.
But even without its ghosts, history and famous clientele, the inn is a lovely place to stop for
a drink. On a rainy day, the oak-panelled rooms inside are worth seeing, especially the “Turpin
Bar” with its uneven wooden floor.

2. Look at the pictures of the Spaniard’s Inn over the years. Listen to the pronunciation of
the years in English.

Fig 1 cca 1590

Fig 2 cca 1880

Fig 1 cca 1900

Fig 2 cca 1960

Fig 3 2018

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C. READING YEARS
1. Look at the table and fill in the missing numbers

1. one 26. ………………. 51. fifty-one 76. seventy-six

2. two 27. ………………. 52. fifty-two 77. seventy-seven
3. three 28. twenty-eight 53. fifty-three 78. seventy-eight
4. four 29. ………………. 54. ......................... 79. .........................
5. five 30. thirty 55. fifty-five 80. eighty
6. six 31. thirty-one 56. .......................... 81.
7. seven 32. ……………… 57. fifty-seven 82.
8. eight 33. thirty-three 58. fifty-eight 83.
9. nine 34. thirty-four 59. fifty-nine 84.
10. ten 35. ………………. 60. sixty 85.
11. eleven 36. thirty-six 61. sixty-one 86.
12. twelve 37. thirty-seven 62. sixty-two 87.
13. thirteen 38. ………………. 63. ......................... 88.
14. fourteen 39. ………………. 64. ......................... 89.
15. fifteen 40. forty 65. sixty-five 90.
16. sixteen 41. …………...…. 66. sixty-six 91.
17. ……………… 42. forty-two 67. sixty-seven 92.
18. ……………… 43. forty-three 68. sixty-eight 93.
19. nineteen 44. …………......... 69. .......................... 94.
20. twenty 45. ......................... 70. seventy 95.
21. twenty-one 46. ......................... 71. .......................... 96.
22. twenty-two 47. forty-seven 72. .......................... 97.
23. …………….... 48. forty-eight 73. seventy-three 98.
24. ……………… 49. forty-nine 74. seventy-four 99.
25. twenty-five 50. fifty 75. seventy-five 100.

2. Look at this and fill in the missing years.

1968 __nineteen sixty-eight__ 1400 __________________________

1888 __eighteen eighty-eight__ 2004__two thousand (and) four__
1953 __________________________ 2006 __________________________
1812 __________________________ 2009 __________________________
1692 __________________________ 2012 __two thousand twelve__
1902 __nineteen o two__ __twenty tweleve__
1909 __________________________ 2015 __________________________
1706 __________________________ __________________________
1900 __nineteen hundred__ 2019 __________________________
1800 __________________________ __________________________

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3. Work in pairs. Ask your partner the following questions and mark his/her answers.
Then answer your partner’s questions.

Ex.: In what year were you born? I was born in 1976.

In what year did you start schook? I started school in 1983.

In what year were/did you… You Your partner

…born?
…start school?
…start high-school?
…graduate from high-school?
…go to university?
…graduate from university?
…started work?
…get married?

4. Choose a different partner and talk to each other about your previous partners.

Ex.: My partner was Mariana. She was born in 1976 and she started school in 1983. She
started high-school in 1991 and she graduated in 1995. She went to university the same year
and she graduated in 1995. She started work in a school in Vadu Crișului the same year and
she got married in October 2007. Now she has a son and a daughter.

D. GRAMMAR: THE PAST SIMPLE TENSE

a. Read the article about the Spaniard’s Inn again and find the past tense simple forms of
the following verbs in the text.

get ________ don’t survive _______ spend ______

fight ________ bury _______ steal ______
love ________ use _______ mention ______
want ________ be _______ write ______

b. Explanations: the Past Tense Simple of the verb “to be”

Negative
Affirmative Interrogative
Long forms Short forms
I was I was not I wasn’t Was I?
You were You were not You weren’t Were you?
He was He was not He wasn’t Was he?
She was She was not She wasn’t Was she?
It was It was not It wasn’t Was it?
We were We were not We weren’t Were we?
You were You were not You weren’t Were you?
They were They were not They weren’t Were they?

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c. Exercise: fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the verb “to be” in the past.

a. They ate some bad cakes and they ................ ill all day yesterday.
b. The teacher got very angry because the children .......................... quiet during the lesson.
c. Max .......................... in London last week and he had dinner at the Spaniard’s Inn.
d. ...................... the water in the pool too cold to swim in?
e. I ...................... at home when you stopped by yesterday. I spent all the afternoon at the
shopping center with my friend Sarah.
f. ......................... the kids happy with the presents they got on Christmas?

d. Exericse, speakilng: work in pairs; ask and answer questions as in the example.
Ex: A Where was Peter yesterday? A: Where were Mick and David yesterday?
B: He was at the science museum. B: They were at the swimming pool.

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e. Explanations: the Past Tense Simple of regular verbs

Negative
Affirmative Interrogative
Long forms Short forms
I worked I did not work I didn’t work Did I work?
You worked You did not work You didn’t work Did you work?
He worked He did not work He didn’t work Did he work?
She worked She did not work She didn’t work Did she work?
It worked It did not work It didn’t work Did it work?
We worked We did not work We didn’t work Did we work?
You worked You did not work You didn’t work Did you work?
They worked They did not work They didn’t work Did they work?

We use the past tense simple to express actions that happened at a known moment in the
past. We make the past simple of regular verbs by adding the ending –ed.

Ex. work worked ask asked

ask asked pretend pretended
climb climbed brush brushed

Regular verbs ending in –e only add –d to make the past tense simple.
Ex. dance danced invite invited
smile smiled love loved

Regular verbs ending in one stressed vowel and one consonant double the consonant before
the ending –ed.

Ex. stop stopped travel travelled

drop dropped step stepped

Regular verbs ending in consonant+-y, change the –y into –i before the ending –ed.

Ex. try tried cry cried

deny denied worry worried

Regular verbs ending in vowel+-y, don’t change the –y into –i before the ending –ed.

Ex. play played stay stayed

f. Exercise: Add the ending –ed to the following regular verbs and put them in the right
column, according to their spelling: beg, spy, carry, help, belong, stop, try, stay, enjoy,
marry, clean, zip, want, obey, colour, smoke, paint, travel, annoy, empty, hurry, smile, hate,
recite, quarrel, cry, arrive, play, rob, bake.

- 18 -
 -ed -e + -d Double Consonant - y Vowel - y
consonant - ed
begged spied

g. Listen to the past tense simple forms in the table above and repeat them. What are the
three ways of pronouncing the ending –ed?

h. Explanations: pronunciation of the ending –ed.

The past tense simple ending for regular verbs, -ed, has three possible pronunciations: /d/, /t/ and
/id/.
a. /d/ in most cases: open – opened, clean – cleaned, arrive – arrived, answer – answered
etc.
b. /t/ when the verb ends with the sounds /k/, /s/, /tʃ/, /ʃ/, /f/, /p/: ask – asked, miss – missed,
watch – watched, laugh – laughed, stop – stopped etc.
c. /id/ when the verb ends with the sounds /t/ or /d/: want – wanted, add – added.

i. Exercise: Add the ending –ed to the following regular verbs and put them in the right
column, according to its pronunciation: help, melt, learn, plant, point, listen, recite, open,
repeat, watch, cook, shout, skate, rain, remember, push, wait, like, snow, want, start, finish,
live, use, kiss, look, ski, clean, pick, talk.

/d/ /t/ /id/

helped melted

j. Exercise: Fill in the blanks with the Past Tense Simple of the verbs in brackets.

Ex. John ...married... Emily last year. (marry)

a. She .......................................... her heavy suitcase to the bus. (carry)

b. I ............................................. mashed potatoes and meat balls yesterday. (cook)

- 19 -
 c. The boys ........................................ in the park to play football. (stop)
d. We .............................................. our bedroom walls yellow last week. (paint)
e. Sam ............................................ to win a medal in the Olympics. (try)
f. The accident ........................................ last Sunday. (happen)
g. I ......................................... everything to my boss and he understood. (explain)
h. Sarah ............................................ her birthday party. (enjoy)
i. I ........................................... I was on holiday in Thailand last night. (dream)
j. Tom ......................................... to catch the last train to London. (hurry)

k. Explanations: the Past Tense Simple of irregular verbs.

Negative
Affirmative Interrogative
Long forms Short forms
I spoke I did not speak I didn’t speak Did I speak?
You spoke You did not speak You didn’t speak Did you speak?
He spoke He did not speak He didn’t speak Did he speak?
She spoke She did not speak She didn’t speak Did she speak?
It spoke It did not speak It didn’t speak Did it speak?
We spoke We did not speak We didn’t speak Did we speak?
You spoke You did not speak You didn’t speak Did you speak?
They spoke They did not speak They didn’t speak Did they speak?

Irregular verbs do not add the ending –ed to make the past tense simple. Their second form is
the past tense simple form.

be was/were been
break broke broken
bring brought brought
buy bought bought
catch caught caught
come came come
drink drank drunk
drive drove driven
eat ate eaten
find found found
fly flew flown
forget forgot forgotten
give gave given
go went gone
have had had
hear heard heard
know knew known
lose lost lost
leave left left

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 make made made
meet met met
pay paid paid
read read read
ride rode ridden
see saw seen
sell sold sold
send sent sent
speak spoke spoken
spend spent spent
win won won
write wrote written

l. Exercise: Fill in the blanks with the Past Tense Simple of the verbs in brackets.

Ex. Peter ...paid... for Emily’s ticket. (pay)

a. Jake ............................ his arm while he was playing football. (break)

b. Susan .......................... to close the cage and the parrot .......................... away. (forget/fly)
c. The doctor ................................. me some medicine for my cold. (give)
d. They ........................................ the good news on the radio last night. (hear)
e. Ben ................................... from London to Edinburgh yesterday. (drive)
f. Ashley and Stephen ............................. in front of the pub. (meet)
g. Tania ............................... all the answers in the exam. (know)
h. I ................................. an interesting article in a magazine yesterday. (read)
i. We ................................... this film last week. (see)
j. I ................................. her a text message but she didn’t reply. (send)

m. Explanations: past simple negative forms.

We make past simple negative forms by using the auxiliary did not/ didn’t + the first form of
the verb.

Ex. We didn’t finish dinner on time, so our guests left to a restaurant nearby.
Our team did not win the race last Saturday.

n. Exercise: Change the following sentences from affirmative to negative, according to the
above model.

Ex.: I played tennis yesterday. I didn’t play tennis yesterday.

We wrote an e-mail this morning. We didn’t write an e-mail this morning.

a. We walked in the park yesterday evening. _____________________________________

b. I went to England oh holiday last year. ________________________________________
c. My mother worked in a hospital before she retired. ______________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
- 21 -
 d. I read an interesting article yesterday. _________________________________________
e. Mary spoke to the manager in person. _________________________________________

o. Explanations: past simple interrogative forms.

We make past simple interrogative forms by using the auxiliary did + the first form of the
verb.

Ex. Did Alice answer the phone or was it her little sister, Diana?
Did you make your bed in the morning?

p. Exercise: Change the following sentences from affirmative to interrogative, according

to the above model.

Ex.: Tom answered the phone. __Did Tom answer the phone?__
I found a banknote on the street. __Did you find a banknote on the street?__

a. I collected stamps when I was a child. _________________________________________

b. Doris played the piano at the festival. _________________________________________
c. Tom washed the car last Wednesday. _________________________________________
d. I had a computer when I was a child. _________________________________________
e. Emily bought bread yesterday. ______________________________________________

q. Put the verbs in brackets in the Past Tense Simple.

Last year I .................................. (go) to London on holiday. It ..................................... (be)

fantastic! My husband and my two sons .................................. (join) me. We ............................
(visit) lots of interesting places, such as the Buckingham Palace, Hyde Park and London Eye. In
the morning we .......................... (walk) in the streets of London. In the evenings we ....................
(go) to pubs, which are a traditional part of the British life. We ............................. (talk) to many
people there, we ..................................... (drink) lager, which is a type of beer, and we .................
(have) delicious dinners. But we ................................... (not try) any kippers. Smoked fish smells
too strong for us. We ........................... (go) to a different pub every evening. My favourite was
the Spaniard’s, which is more than four hundred years old. The weather …………………….
(be) strangely fine. It …………………… (not rain) a lot. But we ………………… (see) some
wonderful rainbows. Where …………......................……… (you/spend) your last holiday?

r. Number the past time expressions below in chronological order.

in 1955 ___ the day before yesterday ___

in the sixties ___ eight years ago ___
yesterday evening ___ in the nineteenth century ___
last week ___ in July last year ___

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 MODULE III
WORK AND CAREER

a. SPEAKING
1. Work in pairs. Ask your partner questions using the model and the items in the table,
mark his/her answers, then answer his/her questions.

Model: Is there a doctor in your family?

No, there isn’t.
Is there a nurse in your family?
Yes, there is.
What’s her name?
Her name is Elena.

No Yes Name
Doctor
Nurse
Worker
Shop assistant
Bank clerk
Unemployed person
Retired person

2. Now talk about your partner like this:

My partner is Mariana. There is no doctor in her family but there is a nurse. Her name is Elena.
There are three works in her family. Their names are Andrei, Aurel and Maria. There is no shop
assistant in her family. There is a bank clerk in her family and his name is Traian. There is no
unemployed person in her family but there are three retired people: Ion, Angela and Marta.
b. VOCABULARY
1. Solve the riddles using the following words: flight attendant, fisherman, taxi driver,
secretary, doctor, football player, soldier, builder, bus driver, police officer, housewife,
teacher, nurse, pilot, chef, factory worker, hairdresser, firefighter, postman,
shopkeeper, farmer.

- 24 -
2. Word Formation: you may form words denoting jobs by adding the endings –er, -or,
-ian, -ist or –ess to verbs, adjectives or other nouns.

Ex: garden – gardener act – actor electric – electrician

therapy – therapist actor – actress

3. Exercise: form the word for the person doing the job by putting an ending to the word in
brackets: -er, -or, -ian, -ist, -ess.
Ex. Bill is a ……teacher……….. at my school (TEACH)

1. That ................................. paints beautiful pictures. (ART)

2. Your ............................... makes wonderful bread. (BAKE)
3. Pay the .......................... before you leave. She’s that lady over there. (WAIT)
4. The new ................................ cleans my room very well .(CLEAN)
5. He’s a famous ballet ............................... (DANCE)
6. On some buses in you pay the ..................................... (DRIVE)
7. He’s a ............................. in a band. (DRUM)
8. If the machine goes wrong, tell the ................................. (ENGINE)
9. The ................................. wants to look at your ticket. (INSPECT)
10. Ask the ................................. if you can borrow the book. (LIBRARY)
11. He’s the ................................ of a clothes shop in town. (MANAGE)
12. That ................................. plays a lot of different instruments. (MUSIC)
13. Ask the ................................ to get the number for you. (OPERATE)
14. Do you know a good .................................. to paint my house? (PAINT)
15. The .................................. only had a small camera but three huge lenses.
(PHOTOGRAPH)
16. I’m a .................................. on that ship. (SAIL)
17. A ............................................ specializes in the diagnosis and the treatment of mental
disorders. (PSICHIATRY)

c. LISTENING
1. Liten to five different people and complete the gaps with their jobs.
a. Speaker A works as a ……………………………..
b. Speaker B works as a ……………………………..
c. Speaker C works as a ……………………………..
d. Speaker D works as a ……………………………..
e. Speaker E works as a ………………………….…..

2. Listen again and cross the best answer for these questions.

a. Does speaker A enjoy his job?

□ Yes □ Sometimes □ No
b. When does speaker A work?
□ When he is at university. □ Weekends □ Summer holidays.
c. When does speaker B work?
- 25 -
 □ Weekends. □ Weekends and holidays. □ Summer holidays.
d. What does speaker B say tourists love doing?
□ Visiting universities. □ Taking a boat trip. □ Swimming in the river.
e. Does speaker C like his job?
□ Yes □ Sometimes □ No
f. What does speaker D say is difficult about being a pilot?
□ Travelling to many □ Learning many □ Flying planes in bad
countries. languages. weather.
g. What does speaker D say is the best thing about his job?
□ Visiting different places. □ Meeting different □ The different weather.
people.
h. What does speaker E not like about her job?
□ The doctors. □ The sick people. □ The uniform.

d. READING

My life as a pilot

I think I have had a very interesting and exciting life.

My name is Andrew, I’m 53 now and I still work as a pilot
for a big private British company. I have worked here for
over 10 years but before I worked for a smaller company.
I have been to so many countries that I can’t remember
all of them. I have flown to Australia at least 50 times and
to South Africa about 30 times. I have also travelled to
Russia many times but I didn’t like it at all: much too cold for me! I haven’t flown to Siberia yet,
though.
They say that love is the greatest thing in life and I agree. I’ve been married four times but
never for more than five years. Travelling so much and being away from home for days in a row
has always caused problems. And I haven’t married a woman from a different country than UK.
Yet.
I’ve never been on television but I’ve given a radio interview once. It was about pilots’ lives,
about seven years ago. I met the Prime Minister on the same day. Actually, I’ve met a lot of
famous people who flew on the planes I worked on: members of the British Parliament, famous
politicians and also many famous cinema and television personalities. Peter Freudenthaler, a
member of the German band Fool’s Garden, was on one of my flights about five years ago. I was
really excited because I love their songs, especially the one about the lemon tree. And Jamie
Oliver has flown with me several times. I’ve never met any member of the royal family though,
which is a pity.
Because I’ve travelled a lot, I’ve seen a lot of wonderful things and I have also eaten and
drunk some strange foods and drinks. I haven’t tried tuna eyeballs in Japan or chocolate covered
locusts in Israel, but I ate Bird’s Nest Soup in Asia once. I didn’t like it. I felt it tasted like rubber
and it was very expensive. On a little island in Italy, I drank something called Mirto a few years
- 26 -
ago and that I liked a lot. It is a liquor made of the leaves and berries of a plant called myrtle,
which grows freely in Sardinia.

1. Answer the following questions about the text using the short answers ‘Yes, he has’ or
‘No, he hasn’t.’

a. Has Andrew worked for three airline companies so far? ___________________________

b. Has he ever flown to Russia? ________________________________________________
c. Has he been married more than once? _________________________________________
d. Has he ever spoken on the radio? ____________________________________________
e. Has he ever been on television? ______________________________________________
f. Has he ever met prince William or prince Harry? ________________________________
g. Has he tried strange any strange foods or drinks? ________________________________

e. GRAMMAR: THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

1. This is an example of a verb in the Present Perfect Tense from the text “My life as a
pilot”: “I’ve had”. Can you find other examples of verbs in the same tense in the text?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

2. Explanations: the Present Perfect Tense

We make the Present Perfect Tense using the auxiliary verb have/has and the third form of
the verb (add the ending –ed for regular verbs).

Ex.: I have arrived but nobody is here yet.

Susan has already seen this movie.
You haven’t seen my new house yet.
Has the cat caught a mouse?

Affirmative Negative
Interrogative
Long forms Short forms Long forms Short forms
I have flown I’ve flown I have not flown I haven’t flown Have I flown?
You have flown You’ve flown You have not flown You haven’t flown Have you flown?
He has flown He’s flown He has not flown He hasn’t flown Has he flown?
She has flown She’s flown She has not flown She hasn’t flown Has she flown?
It has flown It’s flown It has not flown It hasn’t flown Has it flown?
We have flown We’ve flown We have not flown We haven’t flown Have we flown?
You have flown You’ve flown You have not flown You haven’t flown Have you flown?
They have flown They’ve flown They have not flown They haven’t flown Have they flown?

We use the Present Perfect Tense for:

a. Recent actions, often with present results.

Ex. Don’t sit on that bench! I’ve just painted it.

- 27 -
 But: I painted the bench two days ago and it is already dry. (past simple)

b. Actions which happened at an unstated moment in the past.

Ex. We have bought a car.

But: We bought this car last month. (past simple)

c. Actions which began in the past and continue up to the present.

Ex. I have been a clerk for two years.

But: I was a clerk for five years but I work in a
supermarket now. (past simple)

3. Exercise: complete the sentences as in the example.

Long form Short form

a. She …has… already cleaned the house. She …’s… already cleaned the house.
b. We ………….. not worked hard enough. We ………….. not worked hard enough.
c. I ……………. visited them several times. I ……………. visited them several times.
d. Dan …………… not fixed the car yet. Dan …………… not fixed the car yet.
e. You ……………. just had dinner. You ……………. just had dinner.

4. Exercise: choose a verb from the list, put it in the Present Perferct and complete the
sentences: drink, break, leave, make, start, phone, clean, arrive, wash.

a. It ………has broken…..… b. We …………………. the c. I …………………………

a vase. room. the bed.

d. He …………………..…..… e. The plane ……………….. f. It ………………………….

his friend. …………………………... ………………… raining.

- 28 -
g. The bus …………………... h. They ……………………. i. You ………………………
…………………………… their hair. a glass of beer.

5. Exercise: look at the table with short answers, then ask and answer as in the example.

SHORT ANSWERS
Affirmative Negative
Have I guessed your age? Yes, you have. No, you haven’t.
Have you phoned Dana? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
Has Alex arrived yet? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.
Has Tania called? Yes, she has. No, she hasn’t.
Has the plane landed? Yes, it has. No, it hasn’t.
Have we missed the bus? Yes, you have. No, you haven’t.
Have you cleaned the room? Yes, we have. No, we haven’t.
Have they won the match? Yes, they have. No, they haven’t.

visit/ Italy play/ the climb/ a see/ a ride/ a horse

guitar mountain crocodile
Mary X √ X √ √
Tony √ X √ √ X
You

a. Has Mary ever visited Italy? No, she hasn’t. Has she ever played the guitar? Yes, she has.
Has she ever climbed a mountain? ______________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
b. Has Tony ever visited Italy? ___________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
c. Have you ever visited Italy? ___________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

- 29 -
 __________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

6. Captain Andrew has many jobs to do at home before he leaves on his next flight to
Cairo. Write what he has already done or not yet done.

a. make the bed X f. water the plants √

b. washed the dirty clothes X g. clean the bathroom X
c. clean the floor. √ h. wash the dishes √
d. do the shopping. √ i. polish his shoes √
e. iron his uniform. X j. pack his luggage X

a. He hasn’t made the bed yet. _________________________________________________

b. _______________________________________________________________________
c. He has already cleaned the floor. _____________________________________________
d. _______________________________________________________________________
e. _______________________________________________________________________
f. _______________________________________________________________________
g. _______________________________________________________________________
h. _______________________________________________________________________
i. _______________________________________________________________________
j. _______________________________________________________________________

7. Exercise: Put the verbs in brackets in the Present Perfect Tense.

Mrs Dune is a terrible gossip. She is telling her friend the

latest news of her neighbourhood. Danny and Susan a) …have
returned… (return) from their holiday. They b)
…………………………(spend) all their money on useless
things. The Browns c) …………………. (sell) their house and
they d) ……………….……….... (moved) into a bigger house
just across the street. Their daughter, Sandra, e)
………………………… (buy) a new expensive computer.
Everybody wonders where f) …………. ….. all that money
………………. (come) from. Some people say they g) ………………………… (win) the
lottery. Others think Mr. Brown i) ………………………. (be) promoted. And Mrs Dune
herself j) …………………………… (not clean) her house yet because she is terribly busy.

f. SPEAKING
1. Work in pairs. Ask your partner question using the clues in the table and mark his/her
answers.

Have you ever…. No, never. Yes, once or Yes, a few Yes, many

- 30 -
 twice. times. times.
…eaten octopus?
…won a prize?
…broken any bones?
…flown in a helicopter?
…dived in the sea?
…ridden a motorbike?
…made jam?
…slept in a tent?
…lost anything valuable?
…found anything valuable?
…got lost?
…skated on ice?
…made a terrible mistake?
…worked abroad?
…missed a bus or a train?

2. Now talk about your partner according to the model:

My partner is Maria. She has eaten octopus once but she didn’t like it. She has won a
prize a few times. She has broken her arm once but she has never flown in a helicopter. She has
never dived in the sea but she has ridden a motorbike many times. She has made jam many times
and she has slept in a tent a few times. She has never lost anything valuable but she has found
some money in the street once. She has got lost twice: once in Budapest and once in the forest.
She has skated on ice many times. She has never worked abroad and she has never missed a bus
or a train.

- 31 -
 MODULE IV
MASS MEDIA AND ENTERTAINMENT

A. VOCABULARY
1. Look at the diagram with different types of media and try to give examples of each.

TYPES OF MEDIA

Television and radio Newspapers and The Internet

Chat show magazines Web page
Documentary Broadsheets/ quality Blog
Game show press Social Media
News programme Tabloids/ popular press News websites
Reality show Comics Advertisements
Soap opera Fashion magazines Online movies
Sitcom Sports magazines Online newspapers
Crime show Cooking magazines and magazines
Movie Home and gardening Online video games
magazines

2. Put the words from the box into the right column. Some words can go into more than
one column.

Talk show Comics Documentary Sitcom Traffic report Tabloid

 Phone-in Soap-opera Current affairs programme Weather forecast
Quiz show Cartoon Reality show

Radio programmes TV programmes Newspapers/ magazines

3. Now match the different types of media with their definitions.

a. A programme about important political or social events that are happening now.
________________________________
b. Magazines that tell stories using sets of pictures. ________________________________
c. A television or radio show on which people are asked questions about themselves.
_______________________________
d. A funny television programme that has the same characters every week in a different
story. _____________________________
e. A film or television programme that gives information about a particular subject or topic.
_____________________________
f. A radio or television programme in which you hear people asking questions and
expressing their opinions on the telephone. __________________________
g. A television story about the ordinary life of a group of people. _____________________
h. A newspaper that has small pages, a lot of photographs, and not very much serious
information. _____________________
i. Distribution of information about road conditions such as traffic congestion, detours and
traffic accidents, in near real time. ____________________

4. Match the following vocabulary items related to mass media and entertainment with
the definitions below.

advertisement to broadcast cinema journalist mass media

news newspaper television

a. A person who gathers and disseminates information about current events and about people.
__________________________
b. A form of communication that typically tries to persuade potential customers to buy certain
products or brands. ____________________
c. A written publication containing news, information and advertising, usually printed on low-
cost paper. ___________________
d. All the tools used for communicating with large numbers of people. ___________________
- 33 -
e. Any new information on current events which is presented by print, broadcast, the Internet or
word of mouth to another person or to a mass audience. ____________________
f. A widely used communication medium for transmitting and receiving moving images
accompanied by sound. __________________
g. To distribute audio and/or video signals which transmit programmes to an audience.
________ _____________________
h. A theatre where films are shown for public entertainment. _______________________

B. LISTENING
1. Write the correct words in the boxes below the pictures.

2. Look at the cinema programme below and answer the following questions.

a. What is the title of the horror film? ___Midnight Moon___

b. What are the titles of the action films? ________________________________________
c. What is the title of the historical drama? _______________________________________
d. What is the title of the science fiction film? ____________________________________

- 34 -
 e. What is the title of the romantic comedy? ______________________________________

3. Listen to Mario and Tamara talking about what film they want to see and choose the
correct answers.

a. Which film are Mario and Tamara going to see?

War Games Midnight Moon

Forever King Robert V
Robot 2075

b. What time does the film they want to see start?

- 35 -
 12:00 p.m. 5.20 p.m.
2:30 p.m. 7:30 p.m.
7.15 p.m. 7:00 p.m.

c. What time are Mario and Tamara going to meet?

12:00 p.m. 5.20 p.m.

2:30 p.m. 7:30 p.m.
7.15 p.m. 7:00 p.m.

4. Listen again and fill in the gaps with the correct words.

Tamara: Hi, Mario. Do you want to go and watch a a)_____________________?

Mario: Hi, Tamara. Sure, what’s b)_____________________?
Tamara: Well, there are two action films, Mr and Mrs Jones and War Games, and they’re
both in c)________________________.
Mario: I’ve already seen Mr and Mrs Jones. I haven’t seen War d)_____________________
but I don’t really want to see an e)_________________________________ film. What else is
f)_________________?
Tamara: There’s that science fiction film, Robot 2075, but I’ve already g)_______________
it.
Mario: Is it h)_________________?
Tamara: Yes, it is, but I don’t want to see it i)_______________. There’s a j)____________
comedy called Forever.
Mario: Mmm, I’m not sure. Are there any k)__________________ films on?
Tamara: Yes, there’s Midnight Moon. It’s got l)___________________ in it.
Mario: OK, sounds good. Let’s go and watch Midnight Moon. What m)_________________
is it on?
Tamara: It’s on at 12 o’clock or at half past n)________________.
Mario: Is it on this o)__________________?
Tamara: Yes, at 7:30.
Mario: Perfect. Let’s p)___________________ at 7:30.
Tamara: OK, shall we q)____________________ at the cinema at 7:00?
Mario: Great! See you r)___________________.
Tamara: Bye.

C. TELLING THE TIME

1. Look at this and fill in the time.

2:00 __________two o’clock______________ 10:00 _________________________________

6:05 __________five past six______________ 8:05 __________________________________
9:10 __________ten past nine_____________ 12:10 _________________________________
4:15 ________quarter past four____________ 1:15 __________________________________
7:20 ________twenty past seven___________ 3:20 __________________________________
11:25 ____twenty-five past eleven__________ 6:25 __________________________________
- 36 -
5:30 __________half past five_____________ 2:30 __________________________________
9:35 ________twenty-five to ten___________ 10:35 _________________________________
8:40 _________twenty to nine_____________ 2:40 __________________________________
6:45 ________quarter to seven_____________ 11:45 _________________________________
3:50 _________ten to four________________ 8:50 __________________________________
12:55 ________five to one________________ 2:55 __________________________________

2. Another way of telling the time is as follows:

7:25 – seven twenty-five 11:15 – eleven fifteen

9:45 – nine forty-five 10:05 – ten o five
8:30 – eight thirty 6:35 – six thirty-five

3. Read the following times aloud:

4:30 9:05 2:45 8:20 6:56

12:15 5:25 1:53 3:30 7:07

D. READING:
1. Skim the text below (read it quickly, without focusing on details) and choose the
suitable title.
a. Social Media Addiction
b. Social Media Networks
c. Social Media Communication

________________________________________________

Today, most people are influenced, directly and indirectly, by different types of media,
including newspapers, magazines, the radio, television and, of course, the Internet. The
development of the Internet has led to the often excessive use of social media such as
Facebook, Twitter or Instagram.
Because of this, the mental health community has become increasingly interested in the
positive and negative impact that modern technology has on our lives. On the positive side,
social media such as Skype, Instagram and Facebook allow us to stay in contact with family
and friends around the world. But, unfortunately, more and more people spend hours every
day updating their status, uploading pictures, commenting, playing Facebook games, reading
updates from others and searching for new friends to add.
The situation becomes problematic when people start to neglect other important
responsibilities, or their family members in favour of Facebook or other social media
networks. Psychologists call this situation Social Media Addiction and they have identified
five key signs for it.
a. You spend a lot of time thinking about social media sites or planning what to share.
b. You feel the need to use social media sites more and more. Actually, you spend most
of your free time on Facebook, Instagram or Skype and you also log in to the
applications on your smartphone when you are out with friends.
- 37 -
 c. You use social media to forget about personal or work problems.
d. You avoid going to places without cell service because you become anxious or
depressed if you can’t use Facebook or Instagram.
e. You use social media so much that it has a negative impact on your relationships. As
you get used to communicating through messaging, sharing photos and posts,
commenting and “liking” others, you may start to feel more comfortable socializing
online than offline.
Although Psychological Associations have not added Social Media Addiction to the official
list of addictions people suffer from, it is more and more obvious that excessive use of Facebook,
Twitter or Instagram may have a negative impact on our lives. And if you want to know if you
are spending too much time online, try the Social Media Addiction quiz below.

2. Pair-work: work with a partner. Ask him/her the following questions, mark his/her
answers, then read the corresponding description. Answer your partner’s questions,
too.
Are you a social media addict?

Choose the answer that best applies to you.

a. How many Facebook friends do you have?

A. None, I have face to face B. Less than 300. C. More friends than I have
friends. in real life.

b. Of the acronyms: LOL, FB, BRB, OMG, FYI, you can decode:
A. 0-2 B. 3-4 C. All five, and I sometimes accidentally use
them in speech as well.

c. Your primary source of news is:

A. The newspapers or B. News Web sites C. Your friends’ Facebook
television and Twitter updates.

d. Your preferred method of keeping in touch with friends overseas is:

A. Letters by mail. B. Email C. Twitter

e. A “ping” is:
A. The sound a microwave B. A text or instant C. The sound you hear every five
makes when popcorn is message. seconds, right before checking
ready. your friends’ latest Tweets.

f. Your closest friends:

A. meet for coffee once a B. use Facebook to plan C. Are the ones you only
week meetings and to stay in touch meet online

g. How many people have you binged lately?

A. I have no idea what the B. Only me C. All my Facebook friends
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 question means.

h. When you watch TV you typically

A. Pass in and out of sleep B. Flip continually between C. Surf the Internet and
on the coach channels send text messages while
you flip between channels

i. When on vacation you like to

A. Disconnect B. Keep a phone close C. Document each meal and new friend on
completely for emergencies your camera phone for immediate tweeting

Mostly As Mostly Bs Mostly Cs

You know so little about You master social media but You are a social media slave.
social media that some may it doesn’t master you. You Most of your social life is
see you as boring and old- use social media’s many connected to Facebook,
fashioned. You are so benefits but you don’t let it Instagram or Twitter. But there
comfortable with your rule your life. Sometimes it are other ways to connect to
traditional lifestyle that you may be difficult to keep this people. You may join a club,
don’t see computers and cell balance, as many of your start practising a sport, you
phones as an extension of friends prefer social media to may go out with your friends
yourself. Although you may face to face contact. Insist on or family, to the cinema,
function quite well without meeting your friends in theatre or to the restaurant, you
social media, don’t reject them person from time to time and may have people over for
completely. Used in if you feel certain Facebook lunch or dinner. You must
moderation, they may be great friends just tempt you to reduce the amount of time you
tools for keeping in touch with waste your time watching spend online. Begin by
loved ones. For instance, you hundreds of photos of their monitoring how many hours
may see and talk to family and new dog, house, car etc. think you use social media a week.
friends for free using Skype about reducing your list of Try to think how you could
and you may connect to old friends and keeping the ones spend that time more
friends or schoolmates on you really want to invest in efficiently. Then try to reduce
Facebook. for the long term. your online time gradually.

E. GRAMMAR: linking words

1. The words in bold from the text „Social Media Addiction” are linking words (and, such
as, or, but, actually, also, to, because, if, although). Fill in the following statements about
the situations in which these linking words are used.

a. We use __because__ to give a reason why something happened.

b. We can use ________________ or _______________ to add information to something
we said or wrote before.
c. We use ______________________ to give an explanation.
d. We use ______________________ to express purpose.
e. We use ______________________ to express a condition.
f. We use ______________________ to give examples.
- 39 -
 g. We use ________________ or _________________ to express contrasting ideas.
h. We use ______________________ to give an alternative.

2. Read the e-mail below and fill in the blanks with the linking words in exercise 1. Use
each linking word once.

To: Alice
From: Emily
Subject: My favourite TV Show

Dear Alice,

It was great to hear from you again. It’s taken me ages to reply but I have been busy. I
had an important project 1………….…. do for work, so I didn’t have time for anything
else. 2…………...… I finished it yesterday.
In your letter you asked me about my favourite TV programme. Well, I don’t watch TV
a lot 3……………………. I don’t have time. When I do, I prefer crime series
4……………….…. „Criminal Minds” and „CSI New York”. I 5…………………. like
history documentaries, especially those about WWII. I watch them alone 6……………with
my brother, Paul, who is a History teacher. 7………...…... he has already seen most of
them, he likes to watch them again with me.
8……...……. you want, you may visit me during the weekend and we can watch TV
together. You may choose a programme you like. 9……………………., I know you prefer
comedies, so we could watch „Forever”. It is on at 8 p.m., on Channel 12, on Saturday
evening.
Well, that’s all for now. Write me if you want to come 10…………... give my best
regards to your parents.

Love,
Emily

F. WRITING: an informal letter or e-mail.

1. Look at the list of useful phrases for writing informal letters or emails.

WRITING INFORMAL LETTERS OR EMAIL

Dear Alice,
Greetings Dearest Alice,
Hello Alice,
Thanks a lot for your last letter.
Opening
It was great to hear from you again.
paragraph
Sorry I haven’t written for so long.

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 I was glad to hear you have bought a new car.
I was sorry to hear you were ill.
It’s taken me ages to reply but I have been busy.
In your letter you asked me about…
Did I tell you about…?
The first thing I should write about is…
Giving I’m writing to give you some information about…
information Now, something else…
In addition to this…
I hope the information I’ve given you will help you.
Write if you need more details.
I suggest we go to the…on Monday/ Tuesday etc.
Making How about meeting at…?
arrangements Why don’t we go to the…?
How about going to…?
I’d like to know if…
Asking for
I was wondering if…
information
Please let me know if…
I think you should…
I think it would be a good idea to…
Giving advice
My advice is that you…
Why don’t you…?
Well, that’s all for now.
Closing I’m afraid I have to go now because…
paragraph Give my best regards to everyone.
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Love,
Lots of love,
Signing off
Best wishes,
Take care,

2. This is part of a letter sent by James to his friend Mike:

In your next letter, please write me about the music you like. What is your favourite kind of
music? Do you play any musical instrument?

This is Mike’s answer. Fill in the gaps with some of the phrases in the list above.

Dear James,

1 Thanks…………………………………………… your last letter. It was great to

hear from you again. 2………………………………………………. your pet dog Lulu got
lost. I hope you’ll find her soon.
3 In your...............................…………………………………………………….. about my
music preferences, so here you are. I play the guitar quite a lot. I am not very good at it but I

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really enjoy it. I often go to my neighbour’s house and we play together. Yesterday we
learned a new song.
I don’t go to many concerts as I live in a small town and not many bands come here. But
when I have the chance, I love going to pop music concerts. Rock concerts are pretty good,
too. I know you like Rock, too. I’m going to see a Romanian rock band next Saturday. They
are called Holograf and I’ve heard some of their songs. They seem nice. 4 I think ……………
....................................... come with me. I’m sure you’d like it.
5 I’m afraid…………………………………………………………………… because I’m
taking my girlfriend out for dinner in about half an hour. 6 I’m……......…………........
........................................................
hearing from you.

Best wishes,
Mike.

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 MODULE V

FUTURE HOPES

A. VOCABULARY
1. Match the following words with their dictionary definitions

optimistic 5 1 A creature from outer space.

pessimistic 2 Pass by someone or something because you are moving faster
than them.
prediction 3 Someone who thinks that bad thigs will happen or that progress
will be slow.
alien 4 All human beings.
pollution 5 Someone who is hopeful about the future.
spaceship 6 Successfully deal with or control a situation, a problem or a
feeling,
mankind 7 A statement which says what people think will happen in the
future.
overcome 8 A rocket or other vehicle that can travel in space.
overtake 9 The damage caused to the environment by dumping waste, litter,
chemicals etc.

B. COMMUNICATION
How do you feel about the future? Are you optimistic (do you think things will be better in
the future) or are you pessimistic (you believe things will be worse)? Read the following
sentences to see what phrases we can use when we make predictions about the future.

I predict that someday people will travel to other planets.

I’m sure people will have robots in the future.
I think that 50 years from now China will be the strongest economy in the world.
I don’t think people will ever live on Mars.
I doubt teachers will still use chalk and the blackboard in 30 years’ time.
In the near future people will go on holiday in space.
In the distant future, aliens will visit the Earth.
Someday, teachers in Romania will make as much money as teachers in Germany.
By 2050, all cars will be electrical.
In 2020, I will buy a new house.
C. READING
1. Read the three texts below and choose from the following three topics the one that fits
them best:

a. Space travel in 2050

b. World economy in 2050
c. Life in 2050

Samuel, 27
I think that a lot of things will change in 2050. India will
overtake China as the first largest economy in the world, but
the country will have many problems with its demographics.
I’m sure the world will also have a lot of problems with
pollution and climate changing. We will need to find other
resources, because there will be more than nine billion people
on Earth in 2050. I predict that we will build spaceships to
travel to the Moon and to Mars, because we will have to take
resources from these places. In the distant future, we may
even establish colonies there.
Lea, 25
I don’t think our world will be the same in 2050. I’m sure
we will keep improving our technology and everybody will
be able to speak at least five languages. I predict people will
live longer and we won’t have health problems, because we
will improve our knowledge on medicine. We will also live
in peace and the different countries won’t have nuclear
weapons anymore. We will also have a single world
government as we already have the IMF (International
Monetary Fund). I think 2050 will be a great year for
mankind!

Steven, 29
I hope that the world countries will be able to overcome the
different issues in 2050. I think we will live in peace and we
won’t have wars anymore. I predict we will be able to explore
the space and to find other habitable planets. We will perhaps
find other intelligent Beings on other planets in 2050. I’m sure
they will be friendly and will teach us many things about
technology. They will also teach us how to reduce pollution and
how to take care of our planet. I am definitely optimistic about
life in 2050.

2. Read the text again and write who thinks the following.
a. In 2050 people will speak five languages or more. …Lea…

- 44 -
 b. In 2050 there will be no wars. ……………………………..
c. In 2050 people will meet extraterrestrials. ………………………………….
d. In 2050 China won’t be the largest economy in the world. …………………………...…
e. In 2050 pollution will be a problem. …………………………………..
f. In 2050 people will cure most diseases. …………………………………….
g. In 2015 there will be only one government in the entire world. ………………..…………
h. In 2050 people will live on other planets. ………………………….………
i. More than 9 billion people will live on Earth in 2050. …………………...…………

3. Your turn. Write five sentences about what life will be like in 2050.

a. …In 2050 people will spend their holidays in hotels in space…

b. …………………………………………………………………………………………….……………
c. ………………………………………………………………………………………….………………
d. ………………………………………………………………………………………….………………
e. …………………………………………………………………………………….……………………
f. ………………………………………………………………………………….………………………

D. GRAMMAR: future simple

1. Explanations

THE FUTURE SIMPLE TENSE

Affirmative Negative
Interrogative
Long forms Short forms Long forms Short forms
I will work I’ll work I will not work I won’t work Will I work?
You will work You’ll work You will not work You won’t work Will you work?
He will work He’ll work He will not work He won’t work Will he work?
She will work She’ll work She will not work She won’t work Will she work?
It will work It’ll work It will not work It won’t work Will it work?
We will work We’ll work We will not work We won’t work Will we work?
You will work You’ll work You will not work You won’t work Will you work?
They will work They’ll work They will not work They won’t work Will they work?

2. Complete the sentences with will/ won’t and the verbs in brackets.

a. Your suitcase is very heavy. I…………………………it for you. (carry)

b. I think Sam…………………………………..to the party tonight. He loves parties.
(come)
c. Ann………………………………coffee. She doesn’t like it. (drink)
d. ‘Can you fix this clock?’ ‘OK, I…………………………………it tomorrow. (do)
e. It’s very warm outside. I…………………………………….a coat. (wear)
f. I knew all the answers in the exam. I……………………………..a good mark. (get)
g. It’s hot in here. I…………………………the window. (will open)
h. I’m angry with Tom. If he calls, I……………………………… (answer)

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3. Look at the table. Answer the questions according to the example.

Go to work Take an exam Have dinner Do some

in a paperwork
restaurant

√ x x √

Samuel

√ √ √ x
Lea

X √ √ x

Steven

Ex.: Will Samuel do some paperwork tomorrow? …Yes, he will…

Will Lea do some paperwork tomorrow? …No, she won’t…

a. Will Samuel go to work tomorrow? …………………………………….

b. Will Samuel take an exam tomorrow? ……………………………………….
c. Will Steven take an exam tomorrow? …………………………………….
d. Will Lea have dinner in a restaurant tomorrow? …………………………………….
e. Will Steven have dinner in a restaurant tomorrow? ………………………………………
f. Will Lea go to work tomorrow? ………………………………………………
g. Will Samuel have dinner in a restaurant tomorrow? ……………………………………
h. Will Lea take an exam tomorrow? ……………………………………….
i. Will Steven go to work tomorrow? …………………………………………………
j. Will Steven do some paperwork tomorrow? ……………………………………………..

E. SPEAKING
1. Read the following questions and give true answers for yourselves.
What will you do tomorrow? Tick √ or cross x.

- 46 -
 You Your partner
wake up early
drink coffee
go to work
do some paper work
Study
go shopping
watch TV
listen to the news
have a meeting
do some housework
go out
have dinner at home
talk on the phone
watch a movie
go to bed early

2. Work in pairs. Ask each other questions and mark your partner’s answers.
Ex.: Will you get up early tomorrow? No, I won’t.
Will you drink coffee? Yes, I will.

3. Talk about your partner. Say what s/he will or won’t do tomorrow.

Ex.: Alina will wake up early tomorrow and she will drink a cup of coffee. She’ll go to work
but she won’t do any paper work. She will study in the afternoon and then she will go
shopping. She won’t watch TV but she’ll listen to the news on the radio. She won’t have a
meeting. In the afternoon she will do some housework. She won’t go out because she will have
dinner with her family at home. She will probably talk on the phone a lot. In the evening she
will watch a movie, then she’ll go to bed early.

F. SONG
1. John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr were the four
members of the famous British rock band The Beatles. Can you identify them in the
pictures below?

- 47 -
2. Read the text about the famous British rock band The Beatles and say if the sentences
below refer to John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison or Ringo Starr.
a. He wrote most of The Beatle’s songs. ___________________________________
b. His real name is Richard. _____________________________
c. He wrote the last song The Beatles recorded together. _______________________
d. He became one of the best drummers in the world. _____________________________
e. He founded The Beatles by asking McCartney to join the group he was in. ____________
______________________
f. He produced movies. _____________________________
g. He died young. _____________________________
h. He was the first to release a solo album after the band separated. ___________________

The Beatles were an English rock band formed in

Liverpool, England, in 1960, and many consider them the best
musical group of all times. Certainly they were the most
successful group, with global sales exceeding 1.1 billion records.
The band gained popularity in the United Kingdom after
their first single,” Love Me Do”, became a hit in 1962 and they
won international acclaim after travelling to the USA, in 1964.
After that, the phenomenon known as “Beatlemania” began, and
they went through several years of extremely intensive
recording, filming and touring. They stopped public
performances after 1966, but they continued their recording
contracts until 1970, when they separated.
The members of the group were John Lennon, Paul
McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, all from
Liverpool. Although they borke their fans’ hearts when they split up, they all had successful
single careers after the group’s separation.

John Lennon
John Winston Lennon was born on October 9th, 1940, and he was the guitarist and the
lead singer of the band, along with Paul McCartney.
When he was four, his parents separated and he ended up living with his aunt Mimi. His
mother remarried, but she visited him regularly, until she died in a car accident, in 1958. In
school he did not have good grades, but he had artistic talent in music and drawing.
When he was 16, he created a band called Quarry Men and, in 1957, he met Paul
McCartney and invited him to join the group. They eventually formed one of the most successful
songwriting partnerships in musical history.
From 1960 to 1970, he had an extremely active artistic life with The Beatles and, after
the group separated, he moved to the United States with his Japanese wife Yoko Ono, where he
continued his solo career.
In 1980, Mark David Chapman, a mentally ill fan, shot Lennon several times in front of
his apartment complex in New York. His untimely death, at the age of 40, shocked the world and
it still evokes deep sadness as he continues to be admired by new generations of fans.

- 48 -
Paul McCartney
Paul McCartney was born on 18th June 1942 and his work as a singer, song writer and
bass guitarist with The Beatles helped transform popular music into a creative, highly
commercial art form.
His mother was a maternity nurse and his father was a cotton salesman and a jazz pianist
with a local band. Tragically, when he was only 14, his mother died of complications after
surgery.
Encouraged by his father to try out multiple musical instruments, Paul began his lifelong
love affair with music at an early age. In 1957, he met John Lennon at a church festival and he
was invited to play in the band Quarry Men. The two quickly became the group’s songwriters
and, beginning with 1960, the songwriters of the band The Beatles. McCartney wrote more hits
for the band than any other member.
After the band separated in 1970, McCartney was the first to release a solo album which
was a hit with the public. When his friend, John Lennon, died at the age of 40, McCartney
stopped touring for almost a decade. After that he returned to a prolific song writing and
performing career which still progresses nowadays.

George Harrison
Rock star, songwriter, recording artist and producer, George Harrison was born on
February 25th, 1943. He played lead guitar and sometimes sang lead vocals for The Beatles. He
also wrote some of the groups most successful songs, including the last song the band recorded
together, “I, Me, Mine.”
Like his future bandmates, he was not born in a wealthy family and he was not very
interested in school. Influenced by Elvis Presley’s music, he bought himself his first guitar by the
age of 14 and he learned to play it by himself. At about the same time, Paul McCartney
persuaded John Lennon to let Harrison, join their band.
After the band’s separation, Harrison was successful in recording all the songs he wrote
and which were not introduced on The Beatle’s records. He also became interested in the movie
industry and he started his own movie production company. A longtime smoker, George
Harrison died of cancer, in November 2001.

Ringo Starr
Born Richard Starkey on 7th July 1940, he was the drummer of the band, and his unique
drumming style was an integral part of what made The Beatles so iconic.
Starkey was an only child and his parents split up when he was only four. His mother
worked as a cleaning woman and then as a barmaid to support them. She remarried in 1953 and
Richard’s new stepfather encouraged his interest in music and bought him his first real drum kit
for Christmas 1957.
He joined a band called Rory Storm and the Hurricanes and started going by the name
Ringo Star. In 1962, he officially joined The Beatles and he stayed with the group until it
separated, in April 1970.
He continued with a solo career and he is currently the richest drummer in the world and
still on the Top 10 drummers list. His original style has influenced many generations of
drummers for decades and many still regard him as a model and a source of inspiration.

- 49 -
3. Read the lyrics of one of the Beatles’ songs and fill in the blanks with the future forms of
the verbs in the box. Some verbs are used more than once.

All my loving
The Beatles

send kiss miss be pretend write come

Close your eyes and I’…………………….you Close your eyes and I’…………………..you
Tomorrow I’……………………………you Tomorrow I’………………………..you
Remember I’………... always…………… true Remember I’…………always…………..true
And then while I'm away And then while I'm away
I’………………………..home every day I’………………………..home everyday
And I’…………………. all my loving to you And I’……………………all my loving to you

I’………………………..that I'm kissing All my loving I…………………to you

The lips I am missing All my loving, darling I’……………….true
And hope that my dreams……..………… true All my loving, all my loving ooh
And then while I'm away All my loving I………………..to you.
I’………………………..home every day
And I’…………………….all my loving to you

All my loving I…………………….to you

All my loving, darling I’………………..true

4. Listen to the song and check your answers.

G. GRAMMAR: subject questions

1. Explanations:
Subject verb object
Samuel will listen to the Beatles.
Lea will help Steven.

Who will listen to The Beatles? Samuel.

Who will Samuel listen to? The Beatles.

Who will help Steven? Lea.

Who will Lea help? Steven.

a. We use Who when we ask about the subject of a sentence and the subject is a person.
b. Subject questions have the same word order as positive sentences.

2. Look at the scheme.

The following people will help one another with some paper work:
Tony → Rebecca → Adam → Mark → Doris → Cleo → Samantha → Patrick
- 50 -
 Study these questions and answers and discuss the difference in meaning between them.
Then answer the other questions.

Who will Tony help? Rebecca

Who will help Rebeca? Tony
Who will Rebecca help? Adam
Who will help Adam? Rebeca.
Who will Adam help? _____________________
Who will help Mark? _____________________
Who will Mark help? _____________________
Who will help Doris? _____________________
Who will Doris help? _____________________
Who will help Cleo? _____________________
Who will Cleo help? _____________________
Who will help Samantha? _____________________
Who will Samantha help? _______________________
Who will help Patrick? ______________________

3. When we use the present tense simple we don’t use do or does to make subject
questions.

Subject verb object/ preposition+noun

Alice likes Tom.

Ex. Who likes Tom? Alice.

But we use do or does when we ask questions about the object.

Ex. Who does Alice like? Tom.

4. Look at the scheme.

The following people love one another:
Sam → Alice → Tom → Jane → Andrew → Lyn → Anton → Silvia

Study these questions and answers and discuss the difference in meaning between them.
Then answer the other questions.

Who does Sam love? Alice

Who loves Alice? Sam
Who does Jane love? Andrew
Who does Lyn love? ____________________
Who loves Silvia? ____________________
Who loves Jane? _____________________
Who does Alice love? ____________________
Who loves Andrew? ____________________
- 51 -
 Who does Andrew love? ____________________
Who does Tom love? _____________________

Who loves Lyn? ____________________

Who loves Anton? ____________________
Who loves Tom? ____________________
Who does Anton love? ____________________

5. When we use the past tense simple we don’t use did to make subject questions.

Subject verb object/ preposition+noun

Leila saw Alec.

Ex. Who saw Alec? Leila.

But we use did when we ask questions about the object.

Ex. Who did Leila see? Alec.

6. Look at the scheme.

The following people invited one another to Susan’s party.
Audrey → Melanie → Anthony → Tamara → Stella → Leo → Patrick → Claudia

Study these questions and answers and discuss the difference in meaning between them.
Then answer the other questions.

Who did Audrey invite? Melanie

Who invited Melanie? Audrey
Who invited Leo? Stella
Who did Anthony invite? _____________________
Who invited Stella? _______________________
Who invited Claudia? ________________________
Who did Melanie invite? ________________________
Who did Tamara invite? ________________________
Who did Stella invite? ________________________
Who did Patrick invite? _________________________
Who invited Anthony? _______________________
Who did Leo invite? _______________________
Who invited Tamara? ______________________
Who invited Patrick? ______________________

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 MODULE VI
Big…bigger…the biggest

A. VOCABULARY: describing people.

1. Read the explanations and look at the words in bold. They describe people in general.
Positive: beautiful is generally used to describe women; handsome is used to describe men;
good-looking is used for both; pretty is another positive word to describe a woman or a girl.
Negative: ugly is the most negative word to describe someone; plain is more polite.

2. Height and build

Another word for slim is thin, but slim has a more positive meaning. For example, John is
lovely and slim, but his brother is terribly thin. Skinny also has the same meaning but it is
very negative. It is not very polite to say someone is fat; overweight is more neutral and
polite.

3. Hair
Length: short, medium, long.
Aspect: straight, wavy, curly.
Colour: fair (blonde or light-brown) and dark (dark brown or black), red, grey.

When we talk about someone’s hair we can say that he or she is blonde-haired, brown-
haired, red-haired or black-haired. For example, Who is that beautiful black-haired girl
next to your sister? When men have no hair, we say they are bald.
4. Eyes
 Size: wide, narrow, big, large, small.
Colour: blue, dark (black or dark-brown), brown, green, grey.

When we talk about someone’s eyes we can say he or she is dark-eyed, blue-eyed, brown-
eyed, green-eyed or grey-eyed.

5. Special features

The man on the left has got very pale

skin. He also has broad shoulders and a
small scar at the top of his left arm. The
other man has dark skin. He also has a
beard and a moustache and a tattoo.

6. Personality
Positive: intelligent, friendly, happy, hardworking, honest, outgoing, polite, popular, pleasant,
good-tempered, kind, modest.
Negative: lazy, dishonest, unpleasant, unfriendly, naughty, reserved, rude, cheeky, impatient,
bad-tempered, selfish, unkind, clumsy, proud.

7. Exercise: replace the word in bold in each sentence with a word which is either more
suitable or more polite.

a. He told me he met a handsome......................................... girl at the club last night.

b. She’s beautiful but her younger sister is really quite ugly.................................................
c. I think Peter is getting a bit fat.............................................., don’t you?
d. Most people want to stay slim, but not as skinny.................................. as that girl over
there.
e. I think she’s hoping she’ll meet a few beautiful........................................................ men
at the tennis club.

8. Exercise: change the sentences according to the model.

Model: Mark has got green eyes. ...Mark is green-eyed...

a. My younger sister, Susan, has got dark hair. ........................................................................

..........................................................................................
b. Tania has got brown eyes. .....................................................................................................
..........................................................................................
c. I like women who have got long hair. ...................................................................................
..........................................................................................
d. I have red hair. ......................................................................................................................
e. I think people with blue eyes are attractive. ..........................................................................
........................................................................................
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9. Look at the two lists of personality adjectives and choose three positive and two negative
personality adjectives that suit you.

Positive: ........................................................................................................................................
Negative: ......................................................................................................................................

Now talk about yourself. Use the model below.

I think I am quite friendly. I am also hardworking and good-tempered. On the other hand,
sometimes I can be rather lazy and selfish.

B. LISTENING
1. Listen to the conversation and circle the best word to complete the sentences.

a. Aurelia is asking about Hannah’s boyfriend/ brother/ friend.

b. Hannah’s brother, Jem, ha got long, brown hair/ a girlfriend/ a twin sister.
c. Hannah has one brother/ two brothers/ a brother and a sister.
d. Alex and Jem look different/ look the same/ have the same hair but different eyes.

2. Listen again and complete the gaps with the correct word.

a. That? Err, that’s my ......................................................., Jem.

b. And that’s his girlfriend, Lucy. The ............................................. girl with the ....................,
................................ hair.
c. Alex and Jem are........................................... They’re both............................................
d. They’re exactly the same! They’re both ........................................ and..................................
e. They’ve both got ...................................................., ................................................. hair,
..................................... eyes and ...................................... ears!
f. They’re not big. I think they’re ..........................................!
g. And, has Alex got a ......................................................?

C. GRAMMAR: comparison of adjectives.

1. Read the information about the people in the pictures, then answer the questions.

These are Ken and Hilary. Ken is an assistant

manager at an IT company and Hilary works as a
human resources officer at the same company. They
met four years ago, while standing in a queue at the
supermarket and they married a year later. Ken is 32
and he has three brothers and two sisters and Hilary
is 29 and she is an only child.

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 These are Liam, Jenny and Ben. Liam and Jenny are
married and Ben is their best friend. He is a police officer
and he is 40. He has a twin sister. Liam is 38 and he is an
actor. Jenny is 36 and she is a kindergarten teacher. She
loves working with children and she has three younger
brothers. Liam and Jenny met two years ago and married
about a year later. Ben was Liam’s best man at the
wedding.

These are Linda and Colin. They met on a plane four years
ago and got married two years later. Colin is an architect
and Linda is an engineer. They are both 30. Linda has a
sister and Colin has two brothers. They love travelling all
over the world but their favourite holiday destination is
China.

a. Who is older? Ken or Liam? ……………………………………………….

b. Which of the three women is the youngest?.........................................................................
c. Whose job do you think is more interesting? Liam’s or Colin’s?.........................................
d. Whose job do you think is the most dangerous?...................................................................
e. Who has more brothers? Colin or Jenny? ……………………………………………
f. Whose marriage is the longest? ……………………………………….

2. Read the rules and make the comparative and the superlative forms of the adjectives in
the tables.

One syllable adjectives:

Positive Comparative Superlative

clean cleaner the cleanest
cold colder the coldest
small smaller the smallest
young ……………………………. ……………………………..
tall ……………………………. ……………………………..
fast ……………………………. ……………………………..
old ……………………………. ……………………………..

One syllable adjectives ending in one vowel+one consonant double the consonant in the
comparative and superlative.

Positive Comparative Superlative

big bigger the biggest
hot hotter the hottest
thin ……………………………. ……………………………..
fat ……………………………. ……………………………..
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wet ……………………………. ……………………………..
sad ............................................. ..............................................

Two syllable adjectives ending in –y change the –y into –i in the comparative and the
superlative.

Positive Comparative Superlative

happy happier the happiest
busy busier the busiest
heavy ……………………............. ……………………………..
easy ……………………………. ……………………………..
noisy ……………………………. ……………………………..
angry ……………………………. ……………………………..
early ……………………………. ……………………………..
dirty ............................................. ..............................................

Two or more syllable adjectives:

Positive Comparative Superlative

modern more modern the most modern
beautiful more beautiful the most beautiful
careful ……………………………. ……………………………..
wonderful ……………………………. ……………………………..
terrible ……………………………. ……………………………..
exciting ……………………………. ……………………………..
fantastic ……………………………. ……………………………..

Irregular adjectives:

Positive Comparative Superlative

good better the best
bad worse the worst
far farther/ further the furthest/ the farthest
little less the least
many more the most
much more the most

3. Underline the correct option:

a. Linda’s house is cleaner/ the cleanest than Jenny’s but Hilary’s house is cleaner/ the
cleanest of all.
b. I’m sure your kids are noisier/ noisyer than mine.
c. The first exercise was more easy/ easier than this one.
d. I think you should spend less/ more little money if you want to buy a car.
e. Ben is my goodest/ best friend.
f. It’s the more exciting/ most exciting experience of my life.
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 g. Colin is thiner/ thinner than Liam, who is the fatter/ fattest of my friends.
h. I’m going to see the doctor because I feel worse/ the worst than yesterday.
i. I love your new house because it is very most modern/ modern.

D. READING
1. Read the following phrases and discuss their meaning with a colleague.

go out with someone get engaged to someone ask someone out

go on a date get married to someone fall in love with someone
meet someone for the first time break up with someone

2. Read the following conversation and decide if the sentences following it are true or false.

WOMAN: How did you meet your husband, Hilary?

HILARY: Not in a place where one would expect to meet someone. We were standing in a
queue at the supermarket and he said ”hello”.
W: How did you react to that?
H: I was hesitant at first. I usually avoid talking to strangers. But he was smiling and there was a
long queue, so I said ”hello”, too.
W: Did you begin a conversation?
H: Yes, he asked me if I went to that supermarket often and if there was always such a long
queue. I answered that I did since it was close to where I worked and I stopped there on my way
home. Then, I added that more people were standing in the queue that day than usually.
W: I guess he was glad since it gave him the chance to talk to you.
H: Actually, he didn’t say much more. He only told me that he worked nearby, too, and that he
was new in town.
W: And then?
H: Then we both paid for our goods and said good-bye.
W: When did you meet again?
H: That was the funny part, actually. The next day, when I got to the office, the manager called a
meeting. He wanted to introduce the new assistant manager to us. He was coming from a smaller
branch in France and he was new in town.
W: Don’t tell me it was Ken!
H: Yes, it was! Imagine our surprise when we saw each other!
W: Did he say anything?
H: He just smiled. But when I was having lunch that day, he came in the cafeteria and sat next to
me. After that, we practically became inseparable.
W: And when did you get married?
H: About a year later.
W: Were there lots of people at the wedding?
H: Yes, there were. About 250. Many of them were our colleagues and Ken’s colleagues from
France.
W: And was your manager there?
H: Yes, he was. He thinks we should give him credit for our relationship. We never told him
about our first encounter at the supermarket!
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W: Nice!

a. Hilary thinks the supermarket is a place where one can meet interesting people. …F…
b. The supermarket was close to Hilary’s working place.…T…
c. Ken was working close to the supermarket, too. ………………..
d. After meeting Ken, Hilary was promoted to the position of assistant manager. ……
e. Ken sat next to Hilary during breakfast. ………….
f. Before her current work, Hilary worked in France. ………
g. Some people in the company don’t know that Ken and Hilary met in a supermarket before
seeing each other at work. ………

3. Read the following conversation and fill in the blanks with the following sentences.

• Yes, we talked all the way.

• But she asked for my phone number and promised to call.
• Two years later.
• Were you in China for business or on holiday?
• Was it a good first date?

WOMAN: How did you meet your wife, Colin?

COLIN: I was travelling back from China and we met on the plane.
W: 1……………………………………………………………………………?
C: I was coming from a conference but Linda was returning from a visit to her friend Li.
W: Were you sitting next to each other?
C: Yes, and the moment she sat down I knew it was going to be a nice flight.
W: Did you talk during the journey?
C: 2……………………………………………………………. She told me how she met her
friend Li in college and we discovered that we both graduated from the Basinstoke College of
Technology in Hampshire and we attended it approximately at the same time.
W: Really. Did you meet back then?
C: No, we didn’t. But it was quite a coincidence.
W: What happened when you arrived in London?
C: I asked for her phone number, of course.
W: Did she give it to you?
C: Actually she didn’t. 3……………………………………………………………………...
W: And…?
C: I thought it was just a polite way of telling me she didn’t want to see me again. And for a
week it seemed I was right.
W: And then?
C: At the end of the week she called me and asked if I wanted to see a comedy at the theatre with
her. I accepted and that was the first of many dates we went on.
W: 4………………………………………………………………………..?
C: Yes, it was very nice. The comedy was great and after that I took her to my favourite sea food
restaurant.
W: And when did you get married?
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C: 5……………………………………………………...
W: Was Li there?
C: Of course. And three months later we flew back to China to her wedding.

4. GRAMMAR: the past tense continuous.

1. Match the sentences 1-3 with the images A – C.

a. I was travelling back from China and we met on the plane.

b. We were standing in a queue at the supermarket and he said ‘hello’.
c. When we first met, she was going out with my best friend.

A. Ken and Hilary B. Liam, Jenny and Ben C. Linda and Colin

2. Explanations
Read the sentence and answer the questions.

I was travelling back from China and we met on the plane.

a. Which action started first?
b. Which action was shorter?
c. Which action was longer?
d. Did the travelling continue after they met?
e. Which verb is in the Past Simple and which is in the Past Continuous?

We make the past tense continuous with the auxiliaries was/were and the ending –ing. Look
at the short and long affirmative, negative and interrogative forms.

Negative
Affirmative Interrogative
Long forms Short forms
I was working I was not working I wasn’t working Was I working?
You were working You were not working You weren’t working Were you working?
He was working He was not working He wasn’t working Was he working?
She was working She was not working She wasn’t working Was she working?
It was working It was not working It wasn’t working Was it working?
We were working We were not working We weren’t working Were we working?
You were working You were not working You weren’t working Were you working?
They were working They were not working They weren’t working Were they working?

Past Continuous is used to express:

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 a. An action in development at a certain moment in the past.
Ex. At 11:00 p.m. yesterday I was sleeping.
b. A continuous action in the past which is interrupted by another action or a time
Ex. He was watching TV when somebody knocked at the door.
c. Background information, to give atmosphere to a story
Ex. It was a stormy night. The wind was blowing and the rain was pouring down.
d. An annoying and repeated action in the past, usually with 'always'
Ex. I didn’t like my uncle Carl very much. He was always telling me what to do.
e. For two actions which happened at the same time in the past
Ex. Mother was cooking while father was fixing the car.

3. Read the article and put the verbs in the past tense continuous.

In 1998, Alexandra Tolstoy 1.was working (work) in a bank, but she was bored. She
decided to leave her job and ride across Central Asia on a horse for charity. When she met
Shamil Galitnzyanov for the first time, she 2.__________________ (travel) through
Uzbekistan. She 3.__________________ (not feel) very well so she didn’t notice him. But
while they 4.__________________ (ride) their horses, they started talking. Alexandra thought
Shamil was very interesting. His life was very different from her own. And soon she knew
that she was falling in love with him.
Three years later Alexandra visited Shamil in Uzbekistan again. At the time, she
5.____________ (go out) with another man, but a few months later she broke up with him.
Alexandra got engaged to Shamil in 2002 while she and her family 6._____________
(stay) with him. They got married in London and now they live in Moscow, in Russia.

4. Make questions using the past tense continuous.

a. Where/ Alexandra/ work/ in 1998?

...Where was Alexandra working in 1998?
b. Where/ she/ travel/ when she met Shamil?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
c. How/ she/ feel/ when she met him?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
d. What/ Shamil and Alexandra/ do/ when they started talking?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
e. she/ go out/ with anyone when she went back to Uzbekistan?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
f. Where/ her family/ stay/ when they got engaged?
……………………………………………………………………………………………

5. Write answers for the previous questions.

a. She was working in a bank.
b. ____________________________________________________________
c. _____________________________________________________________
d. _____________________________________________________________
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 e. _____________________________________________________________
f. _____________________________________________________________

6. Hilary talks about meeting Ken. Choose the correct forms of the verbs.
a. I first met/ was meeting Ken when we waited/ were waiting in a supermarket queue.
b. It rained/ was raining so he offered/ was offering me a lift home.
c. While we drove/ were driving to my flat, he gave/ was giving me his phone number.
d. I saw/ was seeing him in the supermarket again a few days later.

7. Put the verbs in brackets in the past tense simple or continuous.

a. He _________________ (talk) to a friend and he __________________ (not see) me.
b. So I ___________________ (leave) while they ________________ (wait) to pay.
c. I _________________ (walk) home when a car _____________ (stop) next to me. It was
him.
d. I ________________ (invite) him to dinner and that ______________ (be) 20 years ago!

8. Listen to the teacher and check.

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 MODULE VII
HOLIDAY PLANS

A. READING
Henry’s holiday

Henry likes holidays at home. He likes looking for lizards and flying his kite in the field
behind his house. He likes playing badminton in his garden. He likes listening to music on his
headphones and watching television. He likes playing games on his computer and reading
comics in bed. He likes getting up in the night and eating ice cream in the kitchen, too.
Henry doesn’t enjoy holidays in other places. He doesn’t want to sleep in a different bed.
He doesn’t want to go shopping or to write postcards. He doesn’t want to get sand in his socks
on the beach. He doesn’t want to go for long walks in boring places and … he doesn’t want to
sleep in a room with his parents because his dad SNORES!
But last Saturday, Henry and his parents went on holiday.
`This campsite is a great place, Henry! ` his father said in the car.
`And it’s fun and exciting to eat and sleep in a tent! ` his mother said. Henry didn’t listen.
The campsite was near the beach. `Sand in my socks and sharks in the sea! Great! thought
Henry. There were hills behind the campsite, too. `Oh no! Long walks! ` thought Henry. The
campsite didn’t have a games room. `And no TV! ` thought Henry. `I want to go home. `
Henry’s parents started to take the tent, their clothes, the camping chairs and the camping
table out of the car. It was very windy.
`Come and help us, Henry! ` they called. `We have to put up the tent now! ` But Henry didn’t
move. He sat in the back of the car and tried to go to sleep. Then it started to rain.
`Please snow, too! ` Henry thought, `I want to go home! `
Henry’s mother took the sleeping bags and
blankets and mats for their beds out of the car but
then she dropped the pillows on the ground and they
got very wet. `Oh dear! ` she said. Henry got out of
the car. He picked up the pillows and gave them to his
mother. `Can we go home, now, Mum? ` he asked.
But they didn’t go home. Henry, his mum and dad sat
in the tent. They didn’t read (Dad forgot to bring his
glasses … and the torches). They had only cold soup
for dinner (Mum forgot to bring the bread … and the
 cheese). Then they tried to sleep with their heads on the wet pillows. And Henry woke up 17
times in the night because his dad snored and snored and snored … and snored and snored …
and he forgot to bring his ear plugs!
In the morning, Henry’s dad had a bad headache. His mum’s back hurt.
The water in the campsite showers was cold (brrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr!) and nobody
thought of bringing some wet wipes. Oh … and Henry found a lizard in his
shoe!
Henry’s parents weren’t happy. ‘Mum … Dad,’ Henry said slowly. ‘Can we have a
holiday at home? We can have hot showers in
the mornings. We can go for walks in our
field in the afternoons. We can have barbecues
in the garden in the evenings. Then we can
watch funny films on TV and sleep in our beds
at night.’
Henry’s mum looked at Henry’s dad
and then they both looked at Henry again.
‘Yes! Great idea!’ they said. ‘Come on! Let’s
put all these wet things in the car and go home!’
‘Hurray!’ Henry said and carefully picked up the lizard. ‘You can come with us, too!’ he
laughed.

B. GRAMMAR:
1. Possessive pronouns and adjectives
Personal pronoun Posessive adjective Possessive pronoun
I have a bike. It is my bike. The bike is mine.
You have a black dog. It is your black dog. The black dog is yours.
He has a smart TV. It is his smart TV. The smart TV is his.
She has a white Toyota. It is her white Toyota. The white Toyota is hers.
It has a big cage. It is its big cage. The big cage is its.
We have a beautiful garden. It is our beautiful garden. The beautiful garden is ours.
You have a sports car. It is your sports car. The sports car is yours.
They have a horse. It is their horse. The horse is theirs.

2. Exercise: Fill in the gaps with the suitable possessive adjectives.

• My aunt and uncle sold …………... house last month.
• I wanted to read that book but a number of …………… pages are missing.
• Laura has lost ……………... bracelet while she was working in the garden.
• The Inuit build ……………. Igloos out of snow blocks.
• How did Bucharest get ……………. name?
• Thomas sprained ……………... ankle while he was skiing.
• When will you show me ……………… stamp collection.
• I was so busy yesterday that I forgot …………… appointment at the dentist’s.

3. Exercise: Fill in the gaps with the suitable possessive pronouns.

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 • I did my part of the job but you did not do ………………...
• Alice and Sam have separate cars. …………… is red and ……………. is black.
• We have a house on the same street as you. But ………… is smaller than …………....
• `Which is your parents’ garden? `The one with the cherry-tree is ……………`
• Who left this file on my desk? It’s not ………………....
• Don’t bother to lie about the wet umbrella on my sofa! I know it’s ……………….
• My sister bought this flat two years ago. It’s …………

4. Fill in the gaps with the suitable possessive adjectives or pronouns:

At home, Henry and his family started to unpack ………… things. Mum took the pillows out
of the trunk. Dad took the sleeping bags. One sleeping bag was wet and dirty. Dad looked at it. It
wasn’t …………. Mum looked at it, too. It wasn’t …………… either. So she asked Henry:
‘Is this ………… sleeping bag, Henry?’ Henry looked at it. ‘No, it isn’t ……………. ……….
sleeping bag is blue. This one is green.
Then, Mum started to unpack ………… bag. She took out ………. hair dryer, the iron and
some bandage aids … and a pair of scissors which weren’t …………. ‘Are these ………….
Scissors?’ she asked dad. ‘No, they aren’t ………….’, answered dad. ‘Are they ………………,
Henry?’ ‘No, they aren’t …………. ‘So, they aren’t …………. Scissors`, said mum. ‘Then
whose are they?’ ‘They probably belong to the same person as the sleeping bag`, said father.

C. SPEAKING: Pack your luggage!!!

1. Look at the list below and label the pictures:

• hair dryer • pillow • pen and notebook

• makeup • trash bags • bread
• blanket • iron • wet wipes
• washing powder • band-aids • ear plugs
• safety pin • scissors • chocolate
• money • headphones • torch

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 2. Imagine you are going on a holiday on the beach next week. Choose from the list
above six items you will take with and say why. Give reasons for not choosing some
of the other items.

Example:
I will take some band-aid because people often injure themselves on holidays.
I will take some ear plugs because it can be noisy in some hotel rooms and in case I want to
sleep in the car or on the train.
I will take some washing powder because it is easier to wash some clothes than to pack a lot.
I will take some chocolate because it gives you energy if you are hungry and you don’t have a
place where to buy food.
I will take some trash bags because I don’t want to leave litter behind.
I will take wet wipes because they are very practical when you need to clean your hands and you
don’t have water.

I won’t take a hair dryer because most hotel rooms have one.
I won’t take a blanket because it is hot at the beach during summer.
I won’t take a pillow because it takes a lot of space and I can buy one if needed.
I won’t take an iron because I don’t want to iron clothes on my holiday.
I won’t take makeup because I don’t wear makeup on holiday.
I won’t take bug repellent because I don’t expect to have bugs in a four stars hotel.

D. CONVERSATION: booking a hotel room.

1. Read the conversation and put the following phrases in the
right places.

a. No, thanks. I’d like to try the other local restaurants, too.
b. Who’s the booking for, please?
c. Yes, it is. Thank you.
d. The 23rd of March

Receptionist Good afternoon, Indigo Hotel, Tower Hill, London. Can I help you?
Mrs. Anghel Yes. Good afternoon. I’d like to book a room.
Receptionist Certainly. When for, madam?
Mrs. Anghel 1……………………………………………………...
Receptionist How long will you be staying?
Mrs. Anghel Three nights.
Receptionist What kind of room would you like, madam?
Mrs. Anghel Er…a double room with en suite bathroom, please. And I’d like a room with
the view to the park, if possible.
Receptionist Certainly, madam. I’ll just check the availability… Yes, we have a room on
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 the 4th floor with a really nice view.
Mrs. Anghel How much is the cost per night?
Receptionist Would you like breakfast?
Mrs. Anghel 2………………………………………………………..
Receptionist In this case, It’s £95 per night, including VAT.
Mrs. Anghel That’s fine.
Receptionist 3………………………………………………………………..
Mrs. Anghel Mr. and Mrs. Anghel, that’s A-N-G-H-E-L
Receptionist Okay. That’s a booking for Mr. and Mrs. Anghel. A double room en suite
with a view to the park, for March the 23rd, 24th and 25th. Is that correct?
Mrs. Anghel 4…………………………………………………………………
Receptionist Let me give you your confirmation number. It’s 1538904. I’ll repeat that:
1538904. Thank you for choosing Indigo Hotel. We look forward to
welcoming you. Goodbye.
Mrs. Anghel Goodbye.

2. Work in pairs. Make a similar conversation, using the clues below.

STUDENT A STUDENT B

You want to book a room at the Novotel You are a receptionist at the Novotel Hotel
Hotel in Paris. in Paris.
You will arrive there on 7th May and you Somebody calls to book a room for two
will stay for two nights. nights, beginning with the 7th of May.
You want a single room with an en suite You have an available single room with an
bathroom on the first or second floor. en suite bath on the second floor.
You will have breakfast there. It costs €89 a night, including breakfast.

E. LISTENING: travelling abroad by plane

1. When you travel abroad by plane, you must take certain steps at the airport. These
steps are mixed in the exercise below. Read them and put them in the right order.

…………. You wait at the boarding gate.

………… You go to the check-in desk.
…………. You board the plane.
………… You go through immigration.
………… The plane takes off.
………… You arrive at the airport.

2. Listen to five airport announcements and fill in the blanks with the following
destinations: New York, Athens, Amsterdam, Rome, Tokyo.

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 Speaker A: The plane is going to ______________________.
Speaker B: The plane is going to ______________________.
Speaker C: The plane is going to ______________________.
Speaker D: The plane is going to ______________________.
Speaker E: The plane is going to ______________________.

3. Listen again and and fill in the gaps in the following exercise.
a. The 9.25 flight to Rome is delayed by …………………………. hours.
b. Passengers going to Tokyo should go to boarding gate ………………………..
c. Passengers going to Athens should go to boarding gate …………………………
d. The flight number of the plane going to Amsterdam is ………………….. It will leave
from gate ………………………
e. The time in ……………………….. is 18:30.
f. The temperature in New York is ……………………….. °F.

F. GRAMMAR: modal verbs

1. Read the brochure about Rome and the travelling suggestions below.

ROME
Good places to eat, things to eat:
• Try the pizza restaurant Zio Chiro
• A good variety of pasta
Things to do/places to see:
• Must visit the Colosseum while you are in Rome
• Go to lots of nice museums, visit the Museum of Roman
History
• Go shopping
Travelling:
• The metro is the best and fastest way to travel
• Renting a car is also a good idea
• Trains, and buses very clean, and cheap
Things to be careful of:
• Not a good idea to take a taxi
• Lots of pickpockets so don’t take all your money with you
• Be careful of agressive drivers, look both ways when you
cross the road

If you decide to spend your holiday in Rome, Italy:

• You may want to try the amazing pizza they make there.
• You might try the Zio Chiro pizza restaurant.
• If you are not a big pizza fan, you can eat a good variety of pasta all over the town.
• After lunch you could go sightseeing.
• You can’t miss the Colosseum and the Museum of Roman History. They are really worth
seeing.

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 • Then, you must go shopping. Via del Corso, Via Condotti and Via Cola di Rienzo are the
best-known shopping streets.
• But you mustn’t take all your money with you. There are a lot of pickpockets on the
streets.
• If you want to travel through the city, you shouldn’t take a taxi. They are expensive and
you could get ripped off.
• You should take the underground. It is the best and fastest way to travel.

2. CAN – COULD
Can is used to express ability/ lack of Could is used to express ability/ lack of ability in the
ability in the present (=I am able to do past (=I was able to do something), polite requests or
something) or to ask for permission (=Is to ask for permission politely (=Would it be all right
it Ok if I…?) if I…?).
Ex. He could run fast when he was 17 (ability in the
Ex. She can drive (ability in the present) past) but he couldn’t swim fast (lack of ability in the
but she can’t ride a bike (lack of ability past).
in the present). Could I have some tea? (polite request)
Can I use your pen? (asking for Could I leave early, please? (asking for permission
permission) politely)

Exercise: Circle the correct word.

a. Can/Can’t I use your phone, please? e. Dan could/ couldn’t write when he was 2.
b. You can/can’t borrow my book. I need f. She could/ can speak Spanish when she was
it. fifteen.
c. Could/ Couldn’t I have a glass of water? g. John and Phil could/ can play the piano.
d. Maria can’t/ can sing well. She’s got a They’re quite good at it, too.
beautiful voice. h. Could/ Couldn’t I go to the cinema with
Aya?

Exercise: Fill in the gaps with can, can’t, could or couldn’t.

a. …………………. I use your computer, please?

b. Diana ………………… go to the cinema with her friends yesterday. She had too much
homework.
c. I’m afraid you ………………. use the printer right now. It’s broken.
d. …………………. Emma speak Italian when she was twelve?
e. My wife …………………... cook very well. Everything she makes is delicious!
f. ………………. I leave early today, Miss Julie?
g. The weather is terrible, so we …………………... go to the beach.

3. MUST – MUSTN’T – HAVE TO – DON’T HAVE TO

MUST – MUSTN’T
We use must to express necessity (=it is We use must not/ mustn’t to show that
necessary to) or obligation (=I am obliged to). something is forbidden/ prohibited or that
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 Ex. It’s raining. I must take my umbrella someone is not allowed to do something.
(necessity) You mustn’t eat in class. (it is forbidden/
I must tidy my room. (obligation) prohibition)

Exercise: Look at the pictures and fill in the gaps with must or mustn’t.

You ……………...….. recycle You …………………… walk You …………..…… cross the
glass here. on the grass. street.

You ..............…..…… wear a You …………….. stop the You …………..…….. smoke
helmet. car. here.

HAVE TO/ HAS TO – DON’T HAVE TO/ DOESN’T HAVE TO

We use have to to express necessity (=it is We use don’t have to/ doesn’t have to to express
necessary to). lack of necessity. (=it is not necessary to)
Ex. Nurses have to wear a uniform at Ex. You don’t have to do the ironing today. I’ll do
work. it tomorrow.

Exercise: Fill in the gaps with the correct form: have to/ has to, don’t have to/ doesn’t have
to.
a. You …………………………………. dust the furniture. We are cleaning the entire house
tomorrow.
b. Andrew ……………………………… wear a uniform at work. He’s a pilot.
c. We’ve got plenty of time before the film starts. We ……………...……………… hurry.
d. My room is a house. I …………………………… tidy it.
e. Joey …………………………… water the plants because it rained yesterday.
f. They work on Saturdays, so they …………………………... get up early.

Exercise: Look at the table. Then write sentences about what a teacher has to or doesn’t
have to do.
TEACHER
study very hard √ a. A teacher has to study very hard.
wear a uniform at work X b.
care about students √ c.
work at weekends X d.
fill in reports √ e.
prepare material for √ f.
students

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 Exercise: Fill in the gaps of a text about a teacher speaking to his/her students before a
test with must or don’t have to.

“You are going to have a test today. Your test papers are on your desks. You 1………………..
begin until I say so. You ……………………… hurry; there is plenty of time. You 3………………
speak during the test. You 4…………………….. copy your friend’s work and you 5……………..
open any of your books. You 6 ……………………….write in pen. You can write in pencil. You
7………………………….. stay when you’ve finished. You can leave but you 8……………………
be noisy. When you leave, you 9……………………… wait for your friends outside the
classroom. Wait outside the building. Finally, I wish you all good luck. You can begin now!”

4. MAY/ MIGHT
May is used to express permission or lack of May and might are used to express a
permission (=you are/ aren’t allowed to) possibility.
You may use my book but you may not use It may be too late to catch the bus.
my laptop. It is cloudy. It might rain later.

Exercise: ask for permission, according to the model.

Model: You need to use someone’s pen. ___May I use your pen, please?

a. You want to open the window. __________________________________________

b. You need to take a brochure. ____________________________________________
c. You need to park your car in someone’s yard. ___________________________________
d. You need to sit next to somebody. _________________________________________
e. You need to use somebody’s bathroom. ________________________________________

Exercise:
5. SHOULD/ SHOULD NOT (SHOULDN’T)

We use should (=it is a good idea) and shouldn’t (=it is not a good idea) to offer advice.
A: My tooth hurts.
B: You should see a dentist. You shouldn’t eat sweets.

Exercise: circle the correct item.

a. You should/ shouldn’t eat so much fast food.
b. Jane should/ shouldn’t go out tonight. She has a test tomorrow.
c. I should/ shouldn’t exercise more. It’s good for me.
d. Doctors say we should/ shouldn’t eat a lot of fruit.
e. James should/ shouldn’t drive so fast. He may have an accident.
f. He has a cold. He should/ shouldn’t stay at home.

Exercise: give advice to the people in the pictures.

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 have/ toothache/ see/ dentist
A: I’ve got a toothache.
B: You should see a dentist.
have/ temperature/ visit/ doctor
A: ____________________________________________________
B: ____________________________________________________
have/ stomach ache/ not/ eat too many sweets
A: ____________________________________________________
B: ____________________________________________________
have/ headache/ take/ aspirin
A: ____________________________________________________
B: ____________________________________________________

G. SONG
1. Read the information about a British rock band called The Clash and do the exercises
that follow.

The Clash were an English rock band formed in London in

1976. For most of their recording career, The Clash consisted of
lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist Joe Strummer, lead vocalist
Mick Jones, bassist Paul Simonon, and drummer Nicky
“Topper” Headon. Headon left the group in 1982 and Jones left
it the following year because the group members didn’t get
along. The group continued with new members, but finally
separated for good in early 1986.
The Clash achieved commercial success in the United
Kingdom with the release of their debut album, The Clash, in
1977. Their third album, London Calling, released in the UK in December 1979, earned them
popularity in the United States when it was released there the following month. It was later
declared the best album of the 1980s. In 1982, they reached new heights of success with the
release of Combat Rock.

2. Match the following definitions/ explanations with the words in bold above:

1…………………………
The member of a musical group who sings most of the songs.
2…………………………
The first album produced by a particular singer or band.
3………………….
A violent confrontation.
4…………………..
Gained something in return for one’s behavior or achievements.
5………………….
A number of musicians who play rock music together.
6…………………….
To have a friendly relationship with somebody.
7…………………….
A person who plays the bass guitar.
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8……………………..
Put on the market, put on sale.
9……………………..
Got to a certain place or point.

3. Answer the following questions:

a. In what city did the band first play? ………………………………………………
b. Who played the drums in the band? ………………………………………………………
c. What was Joe Strummer’s position in the band? ………………………..…………………
d. When did the group separate? …………………………………….………
e. Name two albums released by the band. ………………………………………………..
f. Which album made them famous in the USA? …………………………………………..
g. Which album did The Clash release in 1982? ……..…………………….…..………..
h. Do you like rock music? ………………………...…………..

4. Read the lyrics of the song Should I stay or should I go and fill in the gaps with the
words you hear.
Oh yeeeeeaaaaah This indecision’s bugging me
If you don’t want me, set me
Wooh! 6___________
Exactly whom I’m supposed to be
Darling you got to let me Don’t you know which 7__________ even
1_______________ fit me?
Should I stay or should I go? Come on and let me know
If you say that you are mine Should I 8___________ it or should I blow?
I’ll be here ’til the end of 2___________
So you got to let me know Split!
Should I stay or should I go?
Should I stay or should I go now?
It’s 3_______________ tease tease tease Should I stay or should I go now?
You’re happy when I’m on my knees If I go there will be trouble
One day is fine, next day is And if I stay it will be double
4______________ So you gotta let me know
So if you want me off your back Should I cool it or should I go?
Well come on and let me know
Should I stay or should I go? Should I stay or should I go now?
If I go there will be trouble
Should I stay or should I go now? And if I stay it will be double
Should I stay or should I go now? So you gotta let me know
If I go there 5___________ be trouble Should I stay or should I go?
An’ if I stay it will be double
So come on and let me
know!

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