9 XII December 2021

https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39503
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 9 Issue XII Dec 2021- Available at www.ijraset.com

Dynamic Analysis on RCC and Composite

Structure for Uniform and Optimized Section
Ankit Kumar1, Dr. Savita Maru2
1, 2
Dept of Civil Engineering, PG Coordinator, Dept of Civil Engineering, Ujjain Engineering College, Ujjain, M.P., India

Abstract: This study examines the composite structure that is increasing commonly in developing countries. For medium-rise to
high-rise building construction, RCC structures is no longer economical due to heavy dead weight, limited span, low natural
frequency and hazardous formwork. The majority of commercial buildings are designed and constructed with reinforced
concrete, which largely depends on the existence of the constituent materials as well as the quality of the necessary construction
skills, and including the usefulness of design standards. Conventional RCC structure is not preferred nowadays for high rise
structure. However, composite construction, is a recent development in the construction industry. Concrete-steel composite
structures are now very popular due to some outstanding advantages over conventional concrete and steel structures.
In the present work, RCC and steel-concrete composite structure are being considered for a Dynamic analysis of a G+25-storey
commercial building of uniform and optimized section, located at in seismic zone IV. Response Spectrum analysis method is
used to analyze RCC and composite structure, CSI ETABS v19 software is used and various results are compared such as time
period, maximum storey displacement, maximum storey stiffness. Maximum storey shear and maximum stoey overturning
moment.
Keywords: RCC Structure, Composite Structure, Uniform Section, Optimized Section, Shear Connector, Time Period, Storey
Displacement, Storey Shear, Storey Stiffness, Response Spectrum method, ETABS

I. INTRODUCTION
In India, most building structures fall into the low-rise building category. Therefore, reinforced concrete structure are increasingly
used in these constructions because of their very convenient and economical construction. However, urban populations are growing
exponentially and land is limited, requiring buildings to grow vertically in these cities. To this end, many mid-to-high-rise buildings
are currently being built. For these skyscrapers, using composite components for construction has been found to be more effective
and economical than using reinforced concrete components. The popularity of composite structure in cities is due to their
advantages over traditional reinforced concrete structures. Reinforced concrete frames are used in low rise buildings due to their
light load. However, traditional reinforced concrete structures cannot be used in medium and high-rise buildings due to their
increased weight, limited span, low stiffness and vulnerable to hazards framing system. Steel is rarely used in the Indian
construction industry compared to other developing countries such as China and UK. With the development in India, there is an
urgent need to do more research in the field of construction and develop new and improved technology of steel composite as a
building material in an economical construction. Reinforced concrete composite frames use more steel and have proven to be an
economical approach to solving mid-to-high building structural problems.

A. Why Composite
1) High flexibility in design and ease of manufacturing.
2) Ideal material in earthquake prone locations due to its high strength, stiffness and ductility.
3) The size of the elements can be reduced, thus increasing the strength-to-weight ratio.
4) Facilitate faster project construction.
5) Meet the demand for long span construction, a modern trend in architectural design.
6) Allows easy structural repair and modification.
7) Precisely designed concrete and steel composite members prevent brittle fracture of reinforced concrete members and have high
ductility.
8) Encased steel frame can be used as a shoring system during construction process.

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 9 Issue XII Dec 2021- Available at www.ijraset.com

B. Objectives
In this thesis two RCC model, one is uniform section type another is optimized section type and two composite model, one is
uniform section type another is optimized section type are taken. Dynamic analysis (Response Spectrum method) is done using CSI
ETBAS v19 software.

The objectives of this paper are: -

1) To understand the effect of optimized section in base reaction, base moment, time period, base shear, overturning moment,
storey deflection, storey drift and stiffness.
2) To understand the behavior of RCC and composite structure in Response Spectrum analysis.
3) To understand the seismic performance of RCC and composite structure in case of uniform and optimized section.
4) To compare the result for RCC and composite structure of G+25 storey.

II. COMPOSITE STRUCTURE

A composite member is defined as consisting of a rolled or a built-up structural steel member covered with reinforced concrete or a
structure bound to reinforced concrete. The composite structural elements are constructed so that the shapes of the steel structure
and concrete act together to resist axial compression, flexure and torsion.

Component of composite structure: -

1) Composite column
2) Composite beam
3) Composite deck slab
4) Shear connector

Figure-2.1-Cross Section of a typical composite member

Figure-2.2-Flexural Joint between Beam and Slab

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 9 Issue XII Dec 2021- Available at www.ijraset.com

Figure-2.3-Flexural joint between Column and Beam

A. Advantages Of Composite Structure

1) Increase strength for a given cross-sectional dimension.
2) Increased stiffness, resulting in reduced slenderness and increased resistance to warping.
3) Good fire resistance in case of encased concrete.
4) Corrosion protection in coated elements.
5) Outstanding seismic performance for lateral loads.
6) Substantial economic advantage over alternatives to purely steel or reinforced concrete structures.
7) This allows the external dimensions of the column to be kept fixed over several floors of the building, thus simplifying
construction and architectural details.
8) Build a high-rise building in an extremely efficient way.
9) No formwork is required for the concreting tubular section. Economical for high-rise buildings.

III. MODELLING AND ANALYSIS

This chapter explained that the 3D building model is analyzed using the Response Spectrum method. The commercial building
models G+25 RCC and Composite are analyzed using ETABS 19 software. The seismic codes are unique to a particular region of
the country. In India, Indian Standard for Design of Seismic Structures IS 1893:2016 is the main standard that provides the outline
for the calculation of seismic design forces.
1) Model 1: G+25 RCC Structure of Uniform Section
2) Model 2: G+25 RCC Structure of Optimized Section
3) Model 3: G+25 Composite Structure of Uniform Section
4) Model 4: G+25 Composite Structure of Optimized Section

A. Optimization
The process of finding the best economic structural outcomes with maximum benefit at minimum material or cost is called
optimization. Due to recent advances in structural design, it is very easy to obtain a safe design, but difficult to find an economical
design, so optimization techniques are needed to obtain most economically efficient design.
This is beneficial in many ways such as saving materials, reducing concrete usage. Therefore, optimization has gained momentum in
structural engineering. In this project, optimization of columns and beam is carried out.

B. Step Of Section Optimization

1) First define various section of column and beam both for RCC and composite structure.
2) Start assigning from minimum section to the column or beam and run analysis, after analysis check for design if design check
meets the demand capacity ratio, then section is safe for structure, if not then increase the section and repeat the process till
design check satisfy the demand capacity ratio.
3) After satisfy demand capacity ratio for uniform section, then check for stress level in each column and beam. Some column and
beam just pass the design check and some are under stressed.

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
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4) According to stress level in column and beam assign lower section and run analysis, after analysis check for design, if design
check meets the demand capacity ratio, then section is safe for structure. If not then repeat this process till stress level meet the
demand capacity ratio.
5) After all the column and beam match the approximate same demand capacity ratio, the section come out by this iterative
process is now optimized section for structure.

Table 3.1: Data for Analysis of R.C.C. Structure

S.I No Particulars Dimension/Value
1 Plan Dimension 28x28 m
2 Total height of the building 75.6 m (G+25)
3 Height of base storey 3.6 m
Height of each storey 3m
4 Height of parapet 1.2 m
5 Thickness of slab 150mm
Thickness of walls 230mm
Dimension of Beam 600x400mm
6 Seismic zone IV
Importance factor 1.5
Zone factor 0.24
Damping ratio 5%
7 Floor finish 2.0kN/m2
Live load at all floors 3.0 KN/m2
Wall load 8KN/m
Parapet wall 3.75 KN/m
Density of concrete 25 KN/m3
Density of brick 20 KN/m3
8 Grade of concrete column M35
Grade of concrete Beam M35
Grade of concrete Slab M20
Grade of reinforcing steel HYSD500
Grade of tie steel Fe250
Soil condition Medium soil
Minimum Uniform section of Beam which satisfy
the demand/capacity ratio.

The dimension of Beam is 600x400 mm.

Total plan area is 28x28 m.

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
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Minimum Uniform section of Column which satisfy

the demand/capacity ratio.

The dimension of Column is 1050x950 mm.

Total plan area is 28x28 m.

After iterative process the optimized dimension

which satisfy the demand/capacity ratio.

Inner Beam is 600x400 mm

Outer Beam is 450x350 mm
which is shown by different color in figure.

Total plan area is 28x28 m.

After iterative process the optimized dimension

which satisfy the demand/capacity ratio for storey 1
to storey 5.
Different types of column section are used, which is
shown by different color.

4 RCC columns of 1350x1250

8 RCC columns of 1150x1050
4 RCC columns of 1050x650
16 RCC columns of 850x750
4 RCC columns of 750x650

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
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After iterative process the optimized dimension

which satisfy the demand/capacity ratio for storey 6
to storey 10.

Different types of column section are used, which is

shown by different color.

4 RCC columns of 1150x1050

8 RCC columns of 1050x950
4 RCC columns of 950x850
16 RCC columns of 750x650
4 RCC columns of 650x550

After iterative process the optimized dimension

which satisfy the demand/capacity ratio for storey
11 to storey 15.

Different types of column section are used, which is

shown by different color.

4 RCC columns of 1050x950

8 RCC columns of 950x850
4 RCC columns of 850x750
16 RCC columns of 650x550
4 RCC columns of 550x450

After iterative process the optimized dimension

which satisfy the demand/capacity ratio for storey
16 to storey 20.

Different types of column section are used, which is

shown by different color.

4 RCC columns of 950x850

8 RCC columns of 850x750
4 RCC columns of 750x650
16 RCC columns of 550x450
4 RCC columns of 450x350

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 9 Issue XII Dec 2021- Available at www.ijraset.com

After iterative process the optimized dimension

which satisfy the demand/capacity ratio for storey
21 to storey 25.

Different types of column section are used, which is

shown by different color.

4 RCC columns of 850x750

8 RCC columns of 750x650
4 RCC columns of 650x550
20 RCC columns of 450x350

Table 3.2: Data for Analysis of Composite Structure

S.I NO Particulars Dimension/value
1 Plan Dimension 28x28 m
2 Total height of the building 75.6 m

3 Height of each storey 3m

4 Height of parapet 1.2 m
5 Thickness of slab 140 mm
Thickness of profiled deck 75-100 mm
Thickness of walls 230 mm
6 Seismic zone IV
Importance factor 1.5
Zone factor 0.24
Damping ratio 5%
7 Floor finish 2.0 KN/m2
Live load at all floors 3.0 KN/m2
Wall load 8 KN/m
Parapet wall 3.75 KN/m
Density of concrete 25kN/m2
Density of steel 7850 kg/m3
Density of brick 20 KN/m3
8 Grade of concrete in column M35
Grade of deck M20
Grade of reinforcing steel HYSD500
Soil condition Medium soil

Minimum Uniform section of Beam which satisfy

the demand/capacity ratio.

The dimension of Beam is ISMB500.

Total plan area is 28x28 m.

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 9 Issue XII Dec 2021- Available at www.ijraset.com

Minimum Uniform section of Column which

satisfy the demand/capacity ratio.

The dimension of Column is 950x850 mm.

Total plan area is 28x28 m.

After iterative process the optimized dimension

which satisfy the demand/capacity ratio.

Inner Beam is ISMB500

outer Beam is ISMB350
which is shown by different color in figure.

Total plan area is 28x28 m.

After iterative process the optimized dimension

which satisfy the demand/capacity ratio for storey
1 to storey 5.

Different types of column section are used, which

is shown by different color.

4 composite columns of 1050x850

8 composite columns of 950x850
4 composite columns of 850x750
16 composite columns of 650x550
4 composite columns of 550x450

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 9 Issue XII Dec 2021- Available at www.ijraset.com

After iterative process the optimized dimension

which satisfy the demand/capacity ratio for storey
6 to storey 10.
Different types of column section are used, which
is shown by different color.

4 composite columns of 950x850

8 composite columns of 850x750
4 composite columns of 750x650
4 composite columns of 650x550
12 composite columns of 550x450
4 composite columns of 450x350

After iterative process the optimized dimension

which satisfy the demand/capacity ratio for storey
11 to storey 15.

Different types of column section are used, which

is shown by different color.
4 composite columns of 850x750
8 composite columns of 750x650
4 composite columns of 650x550
4 composite columns of 550x450
12 composite columns of 450x350
4 composite columns of 400x300

After iterative process the optimized dimension

which satisfy the demand/capacity ratio for storey
16 to storey 20.

Different types of column section are used, which

is shown by different color.

4 composite columns of 750x650

8 composite columns of 650x550
4 composite columns of 550x450
4 composite columns of 550x450
12 composite columns of 450x350
4 composite columns of 350x250

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 9 Issue XII Dec 2021- Available at www.ijraset.com

After iterative process the optimized dimension

which satisfy the demand/capacity ratio for storey 21
to storey 25.

Different types of column section are used, which is

shown by different color.

8 composite columns of 550x450

8 composite columns of 450x350
12 composite columns of 350x250
8 composite columns of 300x200

C. Analysised Model Of Rcc And Composite Structure Of G+25 Storey

RCC Structure Composite Structure

IV. RESULT
The Dynamic Analysis is conducted on two different model using CSI ETABS19, several values of model were found out from
RCC and Composite Structure. IS 1893-2016 guidelines is used for the Dynamic Analysis of four model of G+25 storey. these
structures are analyzed for RCC and Composite Structure of uniform and optimized section.
Therefore, total four models are used for analyzing the response of the building. The result of frequency, time period, displacement,
drift, storey shear, storey overturning moment and storey stiffness are compared for both RCC and Composite structure of uniform
and optimized section.

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 9 Issue XII Dec 2021- Available at www.ijraset.com

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
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V. CONCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPE

A. Time Period
1) After optimization of RCC structure, time period increased by 22.4% as compare to uniform RCC section.
2) In a similar manner, time period increased by 28.6% for optimized section of composite structure as compare to uniform
composite section.

B. Storey Displacement
1) Maximum storey displacement increased by 28.2%.for optimized RCC section with respect to uniform RCC section.
2) In a similar manner, maximum storey displacement increased by 40.7% for optimized section of composite structure as
compare to uniform section.

C. Storey Stiffness
1) After optimization of RCC structure, storey stiffness decreased by 27.8% as compare to uniform RCC section.
2) In a similar manner, storey stiffness decreased by 37.9% for optimized section of composite structure as compare to uniform
composite section.

D. Storey Shear
1) Maximum storey shear decreased by 9.1%.for optimized RCC section with respect to uniform RCC section.
2) In a similar manner, maximum storey shear decreased by 13.2% for optimized section of composite structure as compare to
uniform composite section.

E. Storey Overturning Moment

1) In case of Uniform Section to optimized section for RCC, maximum storey overturning moment decreases by 10.9%.
2) In a similar manner, Uniform Section to optimized section for composite structure, maximum storey overturning moment
decreases by 21.5%.

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
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F. Future Scope
In this paper it is shown that RCC and Composite structures are compared in various aspects under uniform and optimized
conditions. But found that Fire protection is very important in case of steel or composite structure. it can lead to change the design
criteria such as thickness of slab, nominal cover of composite column etc. and other thing is soil conditions it can be changed other
than hard soil and can be compared for worst conditions. in India generally these aspects are not considered fully. But practical
applications of these comparison can make structure more safe and more economical. Also, more accurate comparison processes
and aspects can be developed.
Study can be held on comparison of RCC structure with sear walls and bracing in deferent locations against Composite structure
with sear walls and bracing in same location. The researchers can use deferent software and then compare results and state that
which software is more effective.

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