Bataan Heroes College

Juvenile Delinquency and

Juvenile Justice System
Prepared by
LIAN CARLA C. LUZONG

Criminology Department

This module or any portion thereof may not be reproduced or used in any manner
whatsoever without the express written permission of the publisher except for educational
purposes but with a citation to this source.

For Permission : Contact Bataan Heroes College, Roman Super Hi-way, Balanga City,
Bataan, Philippines

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Criminology 5 (Juvenile Delinquency and Juvenile Justice System)
Lian Carla C. Luzong
Course Information
Course Title : Juvenile Delinquency and Juvenile Justice System
Program : BS Criminology
Course Code : Criminology 5
Credit Units : 3 Units
Pre-requisite/s : Criminology 1

Instructor Information
Name: Lian Carla C. Luzong

Contact Information

a. Number : 09774622204

b. Facebook Page : https://web.facebook.com/liancarla.luzong.5

c. Email : [email protected]

Course Purpose and Description

This course deals with the etiology of delinquent, deviant behavior and factors that causes
juvenile delinquency; measures for deterrence and control of teenage crime; recognize the
various laws and provisions that protect the rights and welfare of children; theories of crime and
delinquency; the role of different agencies in handling child in conflict with the law; influence of
community institution; models of juvenile justice system in different perspective and its
relationship to Philippine Criminal Justice System as a whole; and the laws in relation to
Juvenile Delinquency.

Course Schedule

Intended Period Covered Assessment Learning Topic, Content

Learning Methods /Practice Delivery/Exploratio
Outcomes Activities n Methods
Explains the Week 1 Performance Multi Media  Definition of
general concept Task, Presentation Juvenile
of Juvenile Oral Recitation, Lecture Delinquency
Delinquency Essay Writing, Interactive  History of
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Criminology 5 (Juvenile Delinquency and Juvenile Justice System)
Lian Carla C. Luzong
including the Quizzes thru Discussion Juvenile
history of Google Forms Delinquency
Juvenile  Personalities in
Delinquency and relation to
the factors Juvenile
affecting Delinquency
Juvenile  House of
Delinquency Corrections for
Juvenile
Delinquent
 Significant
Cases
Concerning
Juvenile
Delinquency
 Types of
Delinquent
Youth
 Different
Approach
Toward
Delinquency
 Causes of
Behavioral
Disorders
Factors Affecting
Juvenile
Delinquency
Explain the Week 2 Performance Multi Media Salient Features of
existing laws Task, Presentation PD 603
and its salient Oral Recitation, Lecture
provisions Essay Writing, Interactive
related to Quizzes thru Discussion
juvenile Google Forms
delinquency and
state the purpose
of each laws
Week 3 Written and Oral Midterm
Test Assessment
Demonstrate the Week 4 Performance Multi Media Salient Features of
knowledge on Task, Presentation R.A. No. 9262
the laws that Oral Recitation, Lecture
protects the right Essay Writing, Interactive
and welfare of Quizzes thru Discussion
the minor Google Forms

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Criminology 5 (Juvenile Delinquency and Juvenile Justice System)
Lian Carla C. Luzong
Explain the Week 5 Performance Multi Media  Important
existing laws Task, Presentation Features of
and its salient Oral Recitation, Lecture Republic Act
provisions Essay Writing, Interactive No. 7610
related to Quizzes thru Discussion
juvenile Google Forms
delinquency and
state the purpose
of each laws
Explain the Week 6 Performance Multi Media  Marriage and
Legal concept of Task, Presentation Adoption
Marriage, Oral Recitation, Lecture  Paternity And
Adoption, Essay Writing, Interactive Filiations
Paternity and Quizzes thru Discussion
Filiation Google Forms
•Explain the Week 7 Multi Media  Salient
Juvenil Justice Presentation Provisions of
Law and identify Lecture Republic Act
the proper Interactive 9344
procedures in Discussion
handling Child
in Conflict with
the law.
Explain the Week 8 Performance Multi Media Salient Provisions
Juvenil Justice Task, Presentation of RA 10630
Law and identify Oral Recitation, Lecture
the proper Essay Writing, Interactive
procedures in Quizzes thru Discussion
handling Child Google Forms
in Conflict with
the law.
Week 9 Written and Oral Final Assessment
Test

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Lian Carla C. Luzong
Module No.5
CONCEPT OF MARRIAGE,
PATERNITY AND FILIATIONS

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Criminology 5 (Juvenile Delinquency and Juvenile Justice System)
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 Marriage, Adoption and Paternity and Filiations
What is Marriage?

Marriage is a social union or legal contract between individuals that creates kinship. It is an
institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged by a variety
of ways, depending on the culture or demographic. Such a union may also be called matrimony, while the
ceremony that marks its beginning is usually called a wedding and the marital structure created is known as
wedlock.

Essential Requisites of Marriage

1. Legal capacity of contracting parties who must be male and a female. This means that the parties must
have the necessary age or the necessary consent of parents in certain cases.
Age 18-21 – Needs parental consent
Age 22-25 – Needs parental advise
Can I use “parental consent” and “parental advice” interchangeably? What are the differences?
No, “parental consent” and “parental advice” CANNOT be used interchangeably. Parental consent
is required when either or both of the contracting parties are between the ages of eighteen (18) and twenty-
one (21).
Parental advice, on the other hand, is required if either or both of the contracting parties is/are
between the age of twenty-one (21) and twenty-five (25). The “parental consent” or “parental advice”, as
the case may be, is required during the application for a marriage license.

Could the parents give their consent to the marriage of their child who is below 18 years old?
The marriage of a person below 18 years of age even with the consent of the parents, are void ab
initio (void from the very beginning).
2. Consent freely given in the presence of the solemnizing officer.

Formal Requisites of Marriage

1. Authority of Solemnizing Officer

(a) Any incumbent member of the judiciary within the court’s jurisdiction.

(b) Any priest, rabbi, imam or minister of any church or religious sect duly authorized by his church or
religious sect and registered with the civil registrar general, acting within the limits granted to him by
his church and provided that one of the contracting parties belongs to the solemnizing officer’s
church or religious sect.

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 (c) Any ship captain or airplane chief only in cases of articulo mortis. A marriage in articulo mortis
between passengers or crew members may also be solemnized not only while the ship is at sea or
the plane in flight, but also during stopovers at ports of call.

(d) Any military commander of a unit to which a chaplain is assigned, in the absence of the latter,
during a military operation. A military commander of a unit who is a commissioned officer, shall
likewise have the authority to solemnize marriages in articulo mortis between persons within the zone
of military operation, whether members of the armed forces or civilians.

(e) Any consul-general, consul or vice-consul. Marriages between Filipino citizens abroad may be
solemnized and the issuance of the marriage license and the duties of the local civil registrar and the
solemnizing officer with regard to the celebration of marriage shall be performed by said consular
official.

(f) Under the Family Code, governors, mayors and ambassadors are not authorized to perform
marriages. However, under the Local Government Code, mayors are now authorized to perform
marriages within their jurisdiction.

Take Note: Articulo Mortis means at the point of death.

2. Valid marriage license. The license shall be valid in any part of the Philippines for a period of one
hundred twenty days from the date of issue, and shall be deemed automatically cancelled at the
expiration of said period if the contracting parties have not made use of it.

The following cases are exception from having a license:

(a) Marriage in Articulo Mortis. In case either or both of the contracting parties are at the point of
death, the marriage may be solemnized without the necessity of a marriage license and shall remain
valid even if the ailing party subsequently survives.

(b) Marriage in remote places. If the residence of either party is so located that there is no means of
transportation to enable such party to appear personally before the local civil registrar.

(c) Marriage of people who have previously cohabited for at least 5 years. No license shall be
necessary for the marriage of a man and a woman who have lived together as husband and wives for
at least five years and without any legal impediment to marry each other. The contracting parties
shall state the foregoing facts in an affidavit before any person authorized by law to administer oaths.

(d) Marriages between pagans or Muslims, who live in non—Christian provinces, and who are married
in accordance with their customs.

3. A marriage ceremony. It shall be held with the appearance of the contracting parties before the
solemnizing officer and their personal declaration that they take each other as husband and wife in the
presence of not less than two witnesses.
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 Paternity and Filiations

Filiations is the civil status or relationship of the child to the father. The filiations of children may be
by nature or by adoption. Natural filiations may be legitimate or illegitimate while paternity is the civil status
relationship of the father to the child.
Kinds of children under Family Code

1. Legitimate Child
 One conceived or born during the marriage of the parents.
 Children conceived as a result of artificial insemination of the wife with the sperm of the husband or
that of a donor or both are likewise legitimate children of the husband and his wife, provided, that
both of them authorized or ratified such insemination in a written instrument executed and signed
by them before the birth of the child. The instrument shall be recorded in the civil registry together
with the birth certificate of the child.

2. Illegitimate Child
• Children conceived outside the valid marriage.

Take Note: Under R.A. No. 9255, Illegitimate children may use the surname of their father if their filiation
has been expressly recognized by the father, either through:
a. record of birth in civil register
b. father’s admission in public document
c. father’s admission in private handwritten document

3. Legitimated Child
• Takes place by a subsequent valid marriage between parents.
• The annulment of a voidable marriage shall not affect the legitimation.
• Any child can be legitimated as long as there are no disqualifications by any impediment to marry.
• Legitimated child will enjoy the same rights as legitimate children.

4. Adopted Child
 Legally made the son or daughter of someone other than the biological parent.

What is Family?
 Denotes a group of people affiliated by consanguinity, affinity, and co-residence.
 Basic unit of society
 Basic social institution
 Foundation of nation (Art. 149, FC)

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What are the Types of Family?
1. Nuclear family/Conjugal or Elementary family – composed of a father, mother and a child or
children
2. Extended family – composed of members other than the father, mother, and children, e.g., in-laws,
relatives, household helps, employees, etc.

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Criminology 5 (Juvenile Delinquency and Juvenile Justice System)
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 Models of Family Life

1. Corporate Model

2. Team Model

3. Military Model

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 4. Boarding Model

5.Theatrical Model

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Criminology 5 (Juvenile Delinquency and Juvenile Justice System)
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