MODULE

IN
T-STRAT 4
(Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades)

__________________________________________

Name

__________________________________________

Course Year & Section

Prepared by:
MS. JERALYN S. OBSINA
COURSE INSTRUCOR
 PRETEST IN T-STRAT 4
(Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades)

I. Direction: Multiple Choice: Choose the best answer and write the letter only.

1. How many grams are in 3 1/5 kg?

a. 3000.2 b. 3 150 c. 3 200 d. 3 215

2. When the side of a rectangle doubles, the area ________.

a. Doubles b. quadruples c. triples d. remains the same

3. A floor measures 8 m by 6 m. How many tiles are needed to cover the floor if a tile
measures 3 dm by 4 dm.

4. Solve for x in 3x + 5 = 29.

a. 8 b. 11 c. 14 d. 30

5 𝑁
5. Find the value of N in 9=36 to make the equation correct.
a. 20 b. 25 c. 30 d. 35

6. The sum of two numbers is 48 and their difference is 10. What is their product?
a. 356 b. 456 c. 529 d. 551

7. Thrice a number plus 9 is the same as five times the number minus 15. What is the number?
a. 8 b. 10 c. 12 d. 14

8. Find the missing term in the sequence 3, 5, 10, 12, 24, 26, ____.
a. 28 b. 30 c. 50 d. 52

9. When a number is divided by 12, the quotient is 15 and the remainder is 6. What is the
number?
a. 151 b. 186 c. 190 d. 216

10. m and n are two distinct numbers. m is 25 more than n. Their sum is 275. What are the
values of m and n?
a. 8 b. 10 c. 12 d. 14
 CHAPTER 4 – MEASUREMENT
LESSON 1 – Time Measurement

LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

a. Convert one-time measure into another

b. Solve word problems involving time measurement

LET’S DISCUSS

Time provides us with a measure of change by putting dates on moments, fixing the durations of
events, and specifying which events happen before which other events.

In converting time from one unit to another, the rule is:

 From bigger to smaller unit multiply

 From smaller to bigger unit divide

Example 1: How many minutes are in 3 hours? (hrs min)

60 mins.
Solution: 1 hour = 60 mins., 3 hrs. x 1 hr.
= 180 mins.

Example 2: How many hours are in one-half day?( day hr)

24 hrs.
Solution: 24 hrs = 1 day, 12 hours = ½ day, 1.5 day x 1 day
= 36 hrs.

𝟑
Example 3: How many seconds are in 𝟒 minutes?(mins. sec.)
𝟒

60 sec
Solution: 60 secs. =1 min., 4.75 mins. x = 285 secs.
1 min
Example 3: Roger started doing his project at 5:40 pm and finished it at 7:45 pm. How long did he do
his project?

Solution: hour minute

Time Finished: 7 45

Time Started: 5 40

2 5

Therefore, the amount of time spent doing the project is 2 hours and 5 mins.

Example 5: Genebibe went driving. She left at 10:30 am. And arrived at 3:15 pm. How long did she
drive?

Solution: hour minute

Time Arrived: 3 15

Time Left: 10 30

Observe that the number of minutes in the minuend is smaller than that of the subtrahend. In this case,
rename the 3 hours as 2 hours and 60 minutes and regroup the 60 minutes with 15 minutes to make 75
minutes. And since the number of hours in the minuend is smaller than that in the subtrahend, we can
always add 12 hours due to the fact that time is modulo 12. It means that the number of hours in the
minuend will become 14. Then proceed to subtraction.

Solution: hour minute

Time Arrived: 14 75

Time Left: 10 30

Time Traveled: 4 45

It means that Genebibe drove for 4 hrs. and 45 minutes.

ACTIVITY

A. Convert the following.

1. Convert the following to seconds: 3. Convert the following to

hours:
a) 2 minutes a) 90 minutes
b) 5 minutes 7 seconds b) 2.25 days
c) 2.5 minutes c) 2 days 14 hours
d) 3.5 hours d) 1 week 2 days
2. Convert the following to minutes:
a) 30 seconds
b) 2.4 hours
c) 1 hour 16 minutes
d) 2 days 1 hour

B. Solve the following problems:

1. Maureen started her homework at 7.20 p.m. She finished it at 8.05 p.m. How long did
she take to do her homework?
2. A chess game started at 10.20 a.m. and ended at 12.30 p.m. How long did the game
last?
3. Peter opens his shop at 9.30 a.m. and closes it at 8.00 pm. every day. How long is the
shop open?
4. Sam leaves for school at 6:35 a.m. It takes him 1 hr. 45 min. to reach the school. At what
time will he reach the school?
5. It takes 1 h 5 min for Bob to travel from home to his office. If he wants to reach the
office by 8.30 a.m. what time should he leave his house?
6. Ron left for his school at 6:35 a.m. He reached the school at 8:25 a.m. How much time
did Ron take to reach the school?
7. Ken left his home at 4:30 p.m. to play cricket. He came at 7:15 p.m. How long was he
away from his home? A bus travels from town A to town B. It leaves town A at 9.30 a.m.
Monday. The journey takes 26 h 20 min. When would the bus arrive in town B?
8. A school starts at 8:00 a.m. and closes at 12:45 a.m. How long does it work?
9. A train leaves Delhi for Tundla at 7:30 a.m. It takes 5 hours to reach at Tundla. At what
time it reach at Tundal?
10. Maya started to draw a picture at 2:45 p.m. She completed it at 4:35 p.m. How much
time did she take to draw the picture?
 CHAPTER 4 – MEASUREMENT
LESSON 2 - Length, Mass and Volume

LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

a. Convert units of measure of length, mass and volume from smaller to larger and vice versa
b. Solve word problems involving units of measure of length, mass and volume.

DID YOU KNOW?

Popularly known as Cagayan River, the Rio Grande de Cagayan in

Cagayan Valley in the northeastern part of Luzon is the longest and
largest river in the archipelago. It is 505 kilometers long and transverses
through the provinces of Cagayan, Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya and Quirino.

LET’S DISCUSS

The length of Cagayan River is 505 km. Kilometer(km) is a unit of length

or distance; hence, it may also be expressed in other units such as meter(m), decimeter(dm) and so on.
For mass, the units used in the metric system are kilogram(kg), gram(g), centigram(cg) and so on. On the
other hand, the units used for volume are liter(L), milliliter(mL) and so on.

For this lesson, you will only learn the units presented on the table below. Study the table and the
examples that follow.

Length Mass Volume

1m = 100 cm 1 kg= 1000 g 1 L= 1000 mL
1 km = 1000 cm

To review, when converting from one unit to another, the rules are:
From bigger to smaller unit – multiply
From smaller to bigger unit – divide

Example 1: How many meters are in 4 kilometers?

Solution: 1 km=1 000m, so, 4 km = 4 x 1000 = 4 000 m

Example 2: How many centimeters are in ½ meter?

Solution: Since 1 m = 100 cm, the ½ m = ½ x 100 = 50 cm

Example 3: How many grams are in 3 ¼ kg?

Solution: 1 kg = 1 000 g, 3 1/4 kg = 3.25 kg = 3.25 x 1 000 g = 3 250 g
Example 4: How many liters are in 2 500 mL?
Solution: 1 L = 1 000 mL; 2 500 ÷ 1 000 = 2.5 L

Example 5: Virgie filled three containers with different amounts of water using different units. In
container A, she placed 1 250 mL, in container B, she poured 1 ½ L, while container C, she poured 1 L
and 400 mL.Arrange the containers from the most to least amount of water they contain.
Solution: To compare the three amounts of water, convert them into similar units.
Container A: 1 250 mL
Container B: 1 ½ L = 1 500 mL
Container C: 1 L and 400 mL = 1 400 mL

Therefore, the order of the containers from the most to the least amount of water content is: Container
B, Container C and Container A.

ACTIVITY

A. Give the equivalent measure.

1. 2 m = ____cm 6. 3 kg = ____g 11. 5 L = ____mL
2. 3 km = ____m 7. 1/5 kg = ____g 12. 1/7 L = ____mL
3. 300 km= ____dm 8. 5 3/10 kg = ____g 13. 3 ¼ L = ____mL
4. 3 ½ km = ____m 9. 2 000 g = ____kg 14. 2 000mL= ____L
5. 1 km = ____cm 10. 4 500 g = ____kg 15. 800 mL = ____L

B. Solve the following.

1. It takes 1 ½ L of milk to make 1 pound of cheese. How many liters are needed to make 20
pounds of cheese? How many milliliters is that?
2. A bag of peanuts weigh 2 kg. The peanuts were to be placed in small packs each weighing
250 g. How many packs will there be in all?
3. Annaliza won the 5 000m run during the university sportfest. How many kilometers did she
run?
4. How many 250 mL of oil needed to fill a bottle with a capacity of 5 L?
5. Randy was able to sell five bottles of 350 mL perfume and three bottles of 750 mL
PERFUME. How many liters of perfume did he sell in all?

PROJECT

Make a complete list of table of conversion of units of length, mass and volume.
Kindly have it on a ½ index card.
 CHAPTER 4 – MEASUREMENT
LESSON 3 – Perimeter

LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
a. Find the perimeter of figures
b. Solve word problems involving perimeter

LET’S DISCUSS

The perimeter of a two-dimensional shape is the distance around the shape. You can think of wrapping
a string around a triangle. The length of this string would be the perimeter of the triangle. Or walking
around the outside of a park, you walk the distance of the park’s perimeter. Some people find it useful
to think “peRIMeter” because the edge of an object is its rim and peRIMeter has the word “rim” in it.
If the shape is a polygon, then you can add up all the lengths of the sides to find the perimeter. Be
careful to make sure that all the lengths are measured in the same units.
 ACTIVITY

A. Solve the following word problems.

1. The perimeter of a rectangle is 42 dm while its length is 14 dm. How wide is it.
2. When the perimeter of a regular polygon is divided by 5, the length of a side is 25. What is
the name of the polygon? What is the perimeter?
3. The perimeter of a rectangle is 42 inches. If the width is 8, what is the length?
4. How long is one side of the square if its perimeter is 72 cm.
5. The length of a rectangle is 5 more than the width. What are the dimensions of the
rectangle if the perimeter is 34?

B. Find the perimeter of the following figure.

 CHAPTER 4 – MEASUREMENT
LESSON 4 – Area

LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
a. Find the area of two-dimensional figures
b. Solve word problems involving area

LET’S DISCUSS

If perimeter is the number of units around a figure, then area is the number of square units contained in
a figure. In geometry, the area can be defined as the space occupied by a flat shape or the surface of an
object.

The area of a figure is the number of unit squares that cover the surface of a closed figure. Area is
measured in square units such as square centimeteres, square feet, square inches, etc.
 ACTIVITY
A. Find the area of the following.

1.

2. Find the missing length for each shapes.

3.

B. Solve the following word problems.

1. Suzette wants to buy tile for her terrace. The length of the terrace is 72 dm while its width is
48 dm. how many square tiles of side 4 dm will she buy?
2. The area of a square garden is 144 sq. m. The gardener walks along the sides of the garden
twice. What is the distance he covered.
3. A small square is located inside a bigger square. The length of one side of the small square is
3 inches and the length of one side of the big square is 7 inches. What is the area of the
region located outside the small square, but inside the big square?
4. A classroom has a length of 20 feet and a width of 30 feet. The headmaster decided
that tiles will look good in that class. If each tile has a length of 24 inches and a width
of 36 inches, how many tiles are needed to fill the classroom?
 CHAPTER 5 – INTRODUCTION TO ALGEBRA
LESSON 1–Continuous and Repeating Pattern

LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the lesson, student should be able to:

a. Determine the missing term/s in a given continuous pattern using one or more attributes
b. Determine the missing term/s in a given repeating pattern using one attributes
c. Determine the missing term/s in a given combination of continuous and repeating pattern using
one attributes

DID YOU KNOW?

Habloncame from Hiligaynon “habol” which means to

weave. Iloilo is famous with this fabric. Hablon
communities in Iloilo are commonly found in Arevalo,
Miag-ao and Oton.

LET’S DISCUSS

How do you describe the Hablon fabric?

Hablon utilizes a pattern in their designs. From the picture, the design is checkered. The
horizontal spaces form a pattern of colors purple, red, blue, yellow, white and green.

Let’s have an example.

A, Z, A, Z, A, ____

The pattern uses letters A and Z. These are the letters repeated alternately in the pattern. From
the pattern, we can conclude that the next term is Z.

Observe this patterN.

3, C, 6, F, 9, I, 12,

This pattern is a combination of numbers and letters used alternately. The number pattern adds
3 to previous term while the letters are their positions in the alphabet such as the third letter in
the alphabet is C, the sixth letter is F, the ninth is I and so on. Thus, we can conclude that L is the
next term in the pattern because it is the 12th letter in the alphabet.

Study this pattern. What comes next?

Based on the figure, the figure should come next is

 ACTIVITY

A. What’s the next in the pattern?

B. Identify the following whether it forms a pattern or not.

C. Find the missing figure.

 CHAPTER 5 – INTRODUCTION TO ALGEBRA
LESSON 2–Number Sentences
LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the lesson, student should be able to:

a. Construct equivalent number expressions using the four operations of whole numbers
b. Finding the missing value in a number sentence
c. Solve word problems involving number sentences

LET’S DISCUSS

A number sentence must contain a relation symbol ( =, ≠, <, >, ≤ 𝑜𝑟 ≥). A number sentence
that contains an equal sign(=) is called an equation. A number sentence that contains any other
relation symbol is called equality. It may contain one or more operation symbols.

Examples:
1. The table here shows the distance from San Jose de Buenavista to the two given
municipalities. San Jose de Buenavista to the two given municipalities.
Municipality Distance from San Jose de Buenavista(km)
Belison 15.8
Tibiao 76.8

From San Jose de Buenavista, how much farther is Belison than Tibiao?
To find the answer, we may first have a number sentence, we can easily find the relationship
between the given data.

Thus, by performing the operation, 76.8 minus 15.8 will give us 61 as an answer
2. 36 ÷N = 9
This means that 36 divided by what number is 9. Thus, we can conclude that N is 4.

ACTIVITY

A. Translate into number sentences.

1. The sum of 9 and 13 is a.
2. y is the product of 13 and 7.
3. The difference between 23 and 14 is r.
4. The quotient of 20 and f is 4
5. 8 is the quotient when q is divided by 6.

B. What number should replace m in each number sentence to make it correct.

1. m x 5 =225 6. 2 + m = 24 ÷ 4
2. 136 + m = 208 7. m x 5 = 35 - 5
3. 146 – m =49 8. 8 x 4 = m + 17
4. m÷14 = 8 9. m ÷ 8 = 38 + 18
5. 56 + m = 234 10. 9 + m = m x 4
 CHAPTER 6 – Statistics and Probability for Primary Learner
LESSON 1–Data Collection and Representation in Tables

LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the lesson, student should be able to:

a. Collect and organize data in a table

b. Read and interpret a table.
c. Solve word problems involving units of measure of length, mass and volume.

LET’S DISCUSS

The top five smallest cities in the Philippines in terms of land

area are: San Juan City – 5.94 sq. km, Mandaluyong City – 9.29 sq.
km, Navotas City – 10.77 sq. km, Cavite City – 10.89 sq. km and Pasay
City – 13.97 sq. km.

The list of cities with their corresponding land areas can be called as
data. Data is information, especially facts or numbers, collected to be
examined and considered.

The data above can be represented in a table. A table is made up of

columns and rows which is used to make presentation of data or
information clearer, more organized and more attractive. The title of
the table is written at the top center. Each column has a title which is
called column header.

Top 5 Smallest Cities in the Philippines

Name of City Land Area(sq. km) Rank

San Juan City 5.94 1
Mandaluyong City 9.29 2
Navotas City 10.77 3
Cavite City 10.89 4
Pasay City 13.97 5

The title of the table is Top 5 Smallest City in the Philippines. On the other hand, Name of City, Land
Area(sq. km) and Rank are called column header.

ACTIVITY

Construct a table for the following data.

The following are five of the world’s smallest countries with their land area in square kilometres.
Monaco – 1.95; Tuvalu – 26; Vatican City – 0.44; San Marino – 61 and Nauro – 21.
 CHAPTER 6 – Statistics and Probability for Primary Learner
LESSON 2–Pictographs and Bar Graphs

LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the lesson, student should be able to:

a. Interpret and construct pictographs and bar graphs.

Let’s Discuss

Pictograph
A pictograph is a kind of graph used to present data or information using pictures that represent
numbers. The pictograph has four parts – title, legend, pictures and labels. The title tells what
the graph is all about. It is written at the center above the graph. The legend shows how much
each picture represents and is found below the graph. The pictures correspond to the actual
value being represented while the labels tell the objects being presented or compared.
Below is an example of a pictograph.

The pictograph shows the type of cookies students like. For instance, if represents 2
cookies, then the total number of cookies which is peanut butter is 5 x 2 =10.
Steps in constructing pictographs are the following:
1. Write the title at the top center.
2. Draw a table with two columns. The number of columns may vary depending on the data to
be included.
3. Write the labels at the first column and legend below the table
4. Draw the pictures that correspond to the value of the object or labels, shown in the legend.
Study the pictograph below and interpret it by answering the questions that follow.

Interpret the pictograph by answering the following questions:

1. What is the title of the pictograph?
2. what does a represent?
3. What are the teams which joined the competition?
4. Which team won the championship?
5. What is the total number of gold medals garnered by the team which rank last?
6. How many gold medals more did the BSED team win over the BSHM team?
7. How many gold medals in all were won by all the teams?

Bar graph
A bar graph uses bars to compare two or more numbers. Bar graphs can be either be
vertical or horizontal.

A bar graph has a title, horizontal or vertical bars and labels. In the vertical graph, the labels
are at the left side of the graph are the numerical values or descriptions of the things being
compared. The labels below the graph are the things being compared or presented and are
being represented by the bars. On the other hand, the horizontal bar graph, the labels at the
 left side of the graph are the things being compared or presented while the labels below the
graph are numerical values or descriptions of the things being compared.

To construct a bar graph:

1. Write the title at the top center.

2. Make the graph.
3. Write the labels.
4. Draw the bars, the number of which corresponds to the number of things being
compared. The height or length of the bar must also correspond to the value of the
things they represent.

ACTIVITY

A. Construct a pictograph using the following data. Make your own questions about the
graph
Title: Books Displayed in Philippine University Library
Legend: big book = 500 copies; small book = 200 copies
Labels: Kinds of Books: History, Mathematics, Science, Literature, Documentary
Number of copies: 700, 1200, 1000, 1600, 900

B. Construct a bar graph using the following data:

Title: Tree Planting Drive
Number of Trees Planted: First Year – 90, Second Year – 75, Third Year – 80, Fourth Year
– 60
 Post Test in T-STRAT 4
(Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades)

I. Direction: Multiple Choice: Choose the best answer and write the letter only.

1. Jessie started soccer practice at 4:30 PM. Her coach ended practice early and let everyone go
home at 5:55 PM. How long did Jessie practice?
a. 1 hour and 25 minutes c. 1 hour
b. 2 hours and 5 minutes d. 25 minutes
2. Find the area of a square with a side measuring 8.
a. 64 c. 32
b. 16 d. 20
3. What completes the following pattern? CSD ETF GUH ___ KWL
a. IWJ c. IVK
b. IWL d. IVJ
4. Which is the smallest?
a. Dekameter c. Decimeter
b. Millimeter d. Kilometer
5. A pet dog is now 1 year and 4 months old. How many months old is it now?
a. 18 months c. 15 months
b. 16 months d. 20 months
6. What is the perimeter of a an equilateral triangle of side 20 cm?
a. 80 cm c. 60 cm
b. 400 cm d. 40 cm
7. What numbers should come next in this sequence 22,21,25,24,__,__?
a. 27,28 c. 26,27
b. 26,28 d. 28,29
8. Seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, and years are common units used to describe
which type of measurement?
a. Mass c. Length
b. Time d. Volume
9. What are the missing terms in the following sequence 1, 3, 5, 7, __, __, __.
a. 9,11,13 c. 12,19,21
b. 9,10,11 d. 12,13,14
10. Find the area of a triangle with a base of 14 and a height of 5.
a. 90 c. 38
b. 35 d. 66
11. Alvin was able to run a race in 147 minutes. How many hours and minutes did he run the race?
a. 2 hours and 27 minutes c. 2 hours and 17 minutes
b. 2 hours and 7 minutes d. 2 hours and 37 minutes
12. What is the perimeter of a triangle with sides 10, 14, and 20.
a. 140 c. 20
b. 44 d. 54
 13. Randy was able to sell five bottles of 350 mL perfume and three bottles of 750 mL perfume.
How many liters of perfume did he sell in all?
a. 3.5 L c. 4.5 L
b. 4 L d. 5 L
14. Which figure comes next in the sequence?

a. b. c. d.

15. Almar has a square table whose area is 81 cm2. How long is one side?
a. 3 cm c. 9 cm
b. 4 cm d. 8 cm
16. How many 250 mL of oil are needed to fill a bottle with a capacity of 5 L?
a. 16 c. 18
b. 12 d. 20
17. What is the missing in the following pattern?
a. U c. X
b. S d. T
18. A bag of peanuts weigh 2 kg. The peanuts were to be placed in smaller packs each 250 g. How
many packs will be there in all?
a. 9 packs c. 10 packs
b. 12 packs d. 8 packs
19. The perimeter of a rectangle is 48 dm while its length is 13 dm. How wide is it?
a. 14 dm c. 22 dm
b. 11 dm d. 26 dm
20. What is the next number in the pattern 2,9,23,51,…?
a. 107 c. 74
b. 73 d. 86
c.

II. Problem Solving

Problem + or - Missing Number Number Sentence

1.Dad had 15 pencils.
Mom took ____ away.
Dad was left with 6
pencils.
2.I was given 14 presents
at my birthday party. My
Grandma gave me ____
more. I now have 18
presents.
 3.There were 20 ducks in
the pond. _____ flew off.
There are now 14 ducks in
the pond.
4.I had 9 cakes. My sister
bought me ____ more. I
now have 16 cakes.
5.My friend had 15 toy
cars. I borrowed _____ my
friend now has 12 toy
cars.
6.My brother had 10
books. My mom took
away ____. He now has 2
books.

III. A. Problem Solving

Study the pictograph and answer the following questions.

1. How many towns are included in the
pictograph?
2. Which town donated the biggest amount?
3. How much did Culasi donate?
4. Which town donated more than P4,000
5. What is the total donation of the town of
Bugasong?
6. How much does a rectangle represent?
7. How much did San Jose donated?
8. Which town donated the least amount?
9. What is the difference between the donation of the town of Sibalom and Barbaza?

III. B. Problem Solving

Study the bar graph and answer the following questions.

1. What are the different types of music?
2. What is the most favourite music of the students?
3. How many students choose hiphop music?
4. What is the difference between the number of
students choose jazz music and classical music?
5. Which type of music has the least number of
students?