Bs Civil Engineering Cagayan State University - Carig
Bs Civil Engineering Cagayan State University - Carig
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
Demonstrate an understanding of two force and three force members, and the
assumptions that are required for truss analysis.
Demonstrate the ability to differentiate between trusses, frames, and machines
Analyze trusses using the method of joints
Analyze trusses using the method of sections
Analyze plane trusses
Analyze frames and machines
There are many kinds of structure. This section will limit to those that are pin-
connected. Two types of pin-connected structures will be covered here; pin-connected
trusses and pin-connected frames. In the actual structure, the joints may be welded,
riveted, or bolted to a gusset plate at the joint. However as long as the center-line of the
member coincide at the joint, the assumption of a pinned joint maybe used.
In real trusses, of course, the members have weight, but it is often much less than the
applied load and may be neglected with little error. Sometimes, the weight maybe
included by dividing the weight in half and allowing half the weight to act at each end of
the member.
Our primary interest is to know the forces acting in the bars and upon the pins of the
structure. Each member of the truss is either in tension or compression. A member in
tension causes forces which pull away from its end joints whereas a member in
compression causes forces which push towards the end joints.
Method of Joints
The free-body diagram of any joint is a concurrent force system in which the summation
of moment will be of no help. Recall that only two equilibrium equations can be written
This means that to solve completely for the forces acting on a joint, we must select a
joint with no more than two unknown forces involved. This can be started by selecting a
joint acted on by only two members. We can assume any unknown member to be either
tension or compression. If negative value is obtained, this means that the force is
opposite in action to that of the assumed direction. Once the forces in one joint are
determined, their effects on adjacent joints are known. We then continue solving on
successive joints until all members have been found.
LECTURE NOTES IN STATICS OF RIGID BODIES
BS CIVIL ENGINEERING CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY – CARIG
Determine the forces in the members of the roof truss shown in Fig. P-404.
LECTURE NOTES IN STATICS OF RIGID BODIES
BS CIVIL ENGINEERING CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY – CARIG
LECTURE NOTES IN STATICS OF RIGID BODIES
BS CIVIL ENGINEERING CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY – CARIG
LECTURE NOTES IN STATICS OF RIGID BODIES
BS CIVIL ENGINEERING CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY – CARIG
To remain each section in equilibrium, the cut members will be replaced by forces
equivalent to the internal load transmitted to the members. Each section may constitute
of non-concurrent force system from which three equilibrium equations can be written.
Because we can only solve up to three unknowns, it is important not to cut more than
three members of the truss. Depending on the type of truss and which members to solve,
one may have to repeat Method of Sections more than once to determine all the desired
forces.
Frames are pin-connected structures with some or all members are three-force
members. To analyze a frame, we can disconnect the three-force member from the
structure and draw the free-body diagram of the member. This approach is called
the method of members.
Below is a figure that shows the difference between axial and non-axial (three-force)
members.
LECTURE NOTES IN STATICS OF RIGID BODIES
BS CIVIL ENGINEERING CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY – CARIG
The structure shown in Fig F-001(MM) is pinned together at points A, B, and C and held
in equilibrium by the cable CD. A load of 12,000 lb is acting at the midpoint of member
AB, and a load of 8000 lb is applied at point C. Determine the reaction at A, the internal
force in member BC, and the tension on cable CD.
LECTURE NOTES IN STATICS OF RIGID BODIES
BS CIVIL ENGINEERING CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY – CARIG
LECTURE NOTES IN STATICS OF RIGID BODIES
BS CIVIL ENGINEERING CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY – CARIG
A beam carrying the loads shown in Figure P-448 is composed of three segments. It is
supported by four vertical reactions and joined by two frictionless hinges. Determine the
values of the reactions.
LECTURE NOTES IN STATICS OF RIGID BODIES
BS CIVIL ENGINEERING CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY – CARIG
Reference:
https://mathalino.com/reviewer/engineering-mechanics/engineering-mechanics