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(Open Ended Lab 02) : Digital Signal Processing

In this lab, we measured voltage and current waveforms from a circuit using an audio card ADC and MATLAB Simulink. We connected a step-down transformer, voltage divider circuit and current transformer to scale signals to the audio card's range. The voltage waveform amplitude was 0.5-0.7V and current was 0.8A. We applied DFT to obtain the frequency spectra, which showed the fundamental and harmonic frequencies.

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Syed Haris
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357 views8 pages

(Open Ended Lab 02) : Digital Signal Processing

In this lab, we measured voltage and current waveforms from a circuit using an audio card ADC and MATLAB Simulink. We connected a step-down transformer, voltage divider circuit and current transformer to scale signals to the audio card's range. The voltage waveform amplitude was 0.5-0.7V and current was 0.8A. We applied DFT to obtain the frequency spectra, which showed the fundamental and harmonic frequencies.

Uploaded by

Syed Haris
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

(EE-394)

(OPEN ENDED LAB 02)


GROUP MEMBERS: MUHAMMAD HARIS (EE-19210)

MUHAMMAD TALHA (EE-19220)


MUHAMMAD HAMZA IRSHAD (EE-19213)

SECTION: E

LAB INSTRUCTOR: MR. NABEEL FAYYAZ


Objective:
To convert analog (Voltage and current) signal into digital signal using ADC (audio card). Display
it on MATLAB Simulink environment and perform Spectral Analysis of the resulting current
signal.

Required Components:
1. Audio Card
2. Current Sensor (current sensing resistor / hall effect sensor / CT)
3. Vero board
4. Audio jack
5. Harmonic producing Load (Electronic devices)
6. PC with MATLAB environment

Procedure:
1. Connect the transformer to the VDR circuit which reduce the output voltage of
transformer to audio card compatible to audio card.

2. For current wave form pass one end of the output through the current transformer to
the audio card.

3. Set the sampling frequency of the audio card ADC in MATLAB Simulink environment
with proper connect justification.

4. Plot the acquired current waveform to Simulink scope.

5. Mention the safe operating range of your equipment.

6. Plot the frequency spectrum of the obtained current and Voltage waveform. Use
windowing function to reduce DFT leakage if required.

7. Also, plot the frequency spectrum of the line voltage as obtained in open ended lab 01.
Project Summary:
In this open-ended lab we firstly used two resistors each of 5.5k resistance. Then we connected
them to 220V - 14.7V step-down transformer. After completing the circuit the output voltage is
calculated as 0.5V by using VDR(voltage divider rule) because the audio card(ADC) used can only
bear these ranges of voltage. The AUX cable is used to connect the circuit and the audio card
then the audio card is connected to the laptop. When the audio card is connected, the analog
signal is converted into digital signal to show the sinusoidal waveform obtained in the software
in the laptop. For voltage the amplitude of the sinusoidal waveform is about 0.5V to 0.7V. We
then plotted the frequency spectrum of the obtained voltage waveforms by applying DFT
(Discrete Fourier Transform) over the waveform.

After finding the amplitude of the voltage waveform we then pass the output wire of the circuit
to the current transformer. Then the AUX cable connected to audio card for voltage is replaced
by the current transformer pin cable. Then the sinusoidal waveform for current is showed. So the
obtained amplitude for current is 0.8 Amperes. For obtaining the frequency spectrum of the
current waveform we then applied DFT over it. Below are the outputs we received:

Project Block Diagram:

Voltage waveform block diagram:

220v RMS Step down 12 v RMS VDR Time


Soundcard
Supply transformer Supply circuit scope

Current waveform block diagram:

Current Time
Load Soundcard
transformer scope
Calculations: P3 = I 2 R 3 (R 3 = 463.97)
2
P3 = (0.00136) (5400)
𝑉peak = 0.8967 v (From Matlab) P3 = 7.38 mW
𝑉in = 15.5 v (From Transformer)
0.8967 Resolution of ADC
𝑉rms = = 0.634 v
√2
𝑉s = 219 v N = 16 bits
Resolution = 2N
VDR Calculations for R2 Resolution = 65536

R2 Gain Factor
𝑉0 = 𝑉in
R1 + R 2 + R 3
R2 Gain Factor = 219 × √2 × 0.896
0.634 = 15.5 Gain Factor = 277.72
5.5k + R 2 + 5.4k
0.634 R2
= Current Transformer
15.5 10900 + R 2
R 2 = 463.97Ω
P = 12 W
For Current (At R2) P = IV
12
I=
V0 = IR 2 29
0.634 I = 0.054 A
I=
463.97
I = 1.36 mA Scaling Factor

For Power I ′ = 0.8077 A


I = I ′ × S. Factor
P1 = I 2 R1 (R1 = 5.5k) 0.0547
S. F =
P1 = (0.00136)2 (5500) 0.8077
P1 = 7.515 mW
S. F = 0.0677
P2 = I 2 R 2 (R 2 = 463.97)
2
P2 = (0.00136) (463.97)
P2 = 0.633 mW
Voltage waveform:

Frequency spectrum of voltage waveform:


Current waveform:
Frequency spectrum of current waveform:
Real Project Image:

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