SENIOR

Basic Calculus HIGH

SCHOOL

Illustration of an Antiderivative Module

of a Function 1
Quarter 4
Basic Calculus
Quarter 4 – Module 1: Illustration of an Antiderivative of a Function
First Edition, 2020

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Development Team of the Module

Writer: Emma G. Gonzalvo
Editors: Nenet M. Pe𝑛̃aranda
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Basic SENIOR
HIGH

Calculus
SCHOOL

Module

1
Quarter 4
Illustration of an
Antiderivative of a
Function
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Basic Calculus for Senior High School Module on Illustration of an
Antiderivative of a Function!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

from Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its Officer-In-Charge Schools
Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin in partnership with
the Local Government of Pasig through its mayor, Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N.
Sotto.
The writers utilized the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum using the Most
Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) while overcoming their personal, social,
and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the Basic Calculus Module on Illustration of an Antiderivative of a

Function !

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectation - These are what you will be able to know after completing the
lessons in the module

Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be
mastered throughout the lesson.

Recap - This section will measure what learnings and skills that you
understand from the previous lesson.

Lesson- This section will discuss the topic for this module.

Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform.

Wrap Up- This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the
lessons.

Valuing-this part will check the integration of values in the learning

competency.

Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire
module. Ito po ang parts ng module
 EXPECTATION

Lesson: Illustration of an Antiderivative of a Function

Learning Objective:

At the end of the learning episode, you are expected to:

1. Illustrate the antiderivative of a function.

PRETEST

Matching Type. Match the functions in Column A with their corresponding

derivatives in Column B.
Column A Column B
1. 𝐹 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 a. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 4𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2
2. 𝐹 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 b. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 9𝑥 2 + 3
3. 𝐹 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 4 + 3𝑥 3 + 1 c. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1
4. 𝐹 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 4 + 𝑥 3 + 2 d. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 1
5. 𝐹 (𝑥 ) = 3𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 + 1 e. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 4𝑥 3 + 9𝑥 2

RECAP

Let us recall firs the following differentiation formulas:

a. 𝐷𝑥 (𝑥 ) = 1
b. 𝐷𝑥 (𝑥 𝑛 ) = 𝑛𝑥 𝑛−1 , where n is any real number.
c. 𝐷𝑥 [𝑎(𝑓(𝑥 ))] = 𝑎𝐷𝑥 [𝑓(𝑥)].
d. 𝐷𝑥 [𝑓(𝑥) ± 𝑔(𝑥)] = 𝐷𝑥 [𝑓(𝑥)] ± 𝐷𝑥 [𝑔(𝑥)].
 LESSON

In our previous lessons, we learned how to find the derivatives of

different functions. Now, we will introduce the inverse of differentiation.
Definition. A function F is an antiderivative of the function f on an
interval I if 𝐹 ′(𝑥 ) = 𝑓 (𝑥 )𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 𝑖𝑛 𝐼.
Theorem 1.1 If a function F is any antiderivative of the function on
an interval I, then every antiderivative of f on the interval I is of the form
𝐹 (𝑥 ) + 𝐶
where C is arbitrary constant.
Antidifferentiation is the process of finding the antiderivative of a
given function.
The symbol ∫ is the integral sign that denotes the operation of
antidifferentiation and the function 𝒇 is called the integrand.
If F is an antiderivative of 𝑓, we write

∫ 𝑓 (𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 = 𝐹 (𝑥 ) + 𝐶.
The expression 𝐹 (𝑥 ) + 𝐶 is called the general antiderivative of 𝑓. The
constant C is called the constant of integration.
We will now give examples of antiderivatives of functions.
Example 1. An antiderivative of 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 9𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 is 𝐹 (𝑥 ) = 3𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 +C, where
C ∈ ℝ.The derivative of 𝐹 (𝑥 ) = 3𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 +C is 𝐹 ′ (𝑥 ) = 9𝑥 2 + 4𝑥
which is equal to 𝑓(𝑥 ). So,
𝐹 ′ (𝑥 ) = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 )
9𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 = 9𝑥 2 + 4𝑥
Example 2. Verify that ∫(2𝑥 + 4)𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 𝐶
Solution:
Let 𝐹 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 𝐶 and 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 + 4
Since 𝐹 ′(𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 + 4, which is equal to 𝑓 (𝑥 ),
therefore, ∫(2𝑥 + 4)𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 𝐶.
Example 3. An antiderivative of 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 15𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 is 𝐹 (𝑥 ) = 5𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 + 𝐶,
where C ∈ ℝ. Here, 𝐹 (𝑥 ) = 5𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 + 𝐶.
𝐹′(𝑥 ) = 15𝑥 2 + 4𝑥, which is equal to 𝑓 (𝑥 ).
Therefore,
𝐹 ′ (𝑥 ) = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 )
15𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 = 15𝑥 2 + 4𝑥
Example 4. Verify that ∫(𝑥 3 +3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1)𝑑𝑥 = 3𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 2
Solution:
Let 𝐹 (𝑥 ) = 3𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 2 and 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 3 +3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1
Since 𝐹 ′ (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 3 +3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 𝐶, which is equal to 𝑓 (𝑥 ).
Therefore,
𝐹 ′ (𝑥 ) = 𝑓 (𝑥 )
𝑥 3 +3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 𝐶, 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝐶 ∈ ℝ = 𝑥 3 +3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1

ACTIVITIES

Determine the general antiderivatives of the following functions:

a. 𝑓(𝑥) = 20𝑥 4 − 4𝑥 3 + 15𝑥 2 − 14𝑥 − 9

b. 𝑓(𝑥) = 7𝑥 3 − 11𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 8

c. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑥

WRAP–UP

Questions on the concepts of antiderivatives in calculus are presented

below. These questions have been designed to help you better understand
the concept of antiderivatives.

Question 1
True of False. If 𝐹(𝑥) is an antiderivative of 𝑓(𝑥) and 𝑐 is any constant, then

𝐹(𝑥) + 𝑐 is also an antiderivative of 𝑓(𝑥).

Answer: True

Question 2

True of False. If F is an antiderivative of 𝑓, can we write it in the form of

∫ 𝑓 (𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 = 𝐹 (𝑥 ) + 𝐶?
Answer: True

Question 3

True of False. The expression 𝐹 (𝑥 ) + 𝐶 is called the general antiderivative of

𝑓. The constant C is called the constant of integration.
Answer: True

VALUING

Antiderivatives are the opposite of derivatives. It is a function that reverses

what the derivative does.
Life is the coexistence of all opposite values. Joy and sorrow, pleasure and
pain, up and down, hot and cold, light and darkness, birth and death. All
experience is by contrast and one would be meaningless without the other.

POSTTEST

A. Matching Type. Match the functions in Column A with their

corresponding derivatives in Column B.
Column A Column B
A. 𝐹(𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 a. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 4𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2
B. 𝐹(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 + 𝑥 b. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 3𝑥 2 + 3
C. 𝐹(𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 3 + 1 c. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 3𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 1
D. 𝐹 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 4 + 𝑥 3 − 5 d. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 6𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1
E. 𝐹(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 + 1 e. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 8𝑥 3 − 9𝑥 2
 KEY TO CORRECTION

4 3 2
𝑥4 − 𝑥3 − 𝑥2 + 𝐶
𝐹(𝑥) =
1 1 1
c. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑥

4 3
𝑥4 − 𝑥3 − 𝑥2 + 𝐶
𝐹(𝑥) =
7 11
b. 𝑓(𝑥) = 7𝑥 3 − 11𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 8

𝐹(𝑥) = 4𝑥 5 − 𝑥 4 + 5𝑥 3 − 7𝑥 2 + 𝐶

a. 𝑓(𝑥) = 20𝑥 4 − 4𝑥 3 + 15𝑥 2 − 14𝑥 − 9

ACTIVITIES

5. B 4. a 3. e 2. c 1. d

PRETEST

REFERENCES

BOOK

Cuaresma, Genaro A. et al. 2004. Analytic Geometry and Calculus 1: A

Worktext for Math 26. Los Baños, Laguna: Institute of Mathematical
Sciences and Physics, University of the Philippines.
Department of Education-Bureau of Learning Resources. 2016. Precalculus
Learner's Material.

Leithold, Louis. 1989. College Algebra and Trigonometry. Addison Wesley

Longman Inc., reprinted by Pearson Education Asia Pte. Ltd., 2002.