Prepared by : M0hd Zaein

QINGJIAN HOLDING Approved By : Chow Guan

GROUP (M) SDN BHD Hock

EFF DATE : 6 August 2017

TITLE : Hazard Identification , Risk Assessment and Risk Control

Procedure ( HIRARC)

1. PURPOSE

1.1 To define a system to identify environmental, occupational health and safety (EHS)
aspects/hazards and impacts/risks.

1.2 To determine the significance of EHS aspects/hazards and impacts/risks so that appropriate
controls can be established.

2. SCOPE

2.1 This procedure is applicable to the administrative and corporate functions of the
company and all project sites.

2.2 The following operating conditions shall be considered for identification of OHS
hazard/ risk and environmental aspects/ impacts:-

 Routine functions and operations

 Non-routine functions and operations
 Past, present and future activities
 Potential emergency situations
 Activities of all personnel having access to the workplace including
subcontractors & visitors.
 Facilities, equipment and installations at the workplace, owned by the company
or others

2.3 In applying this procedure, the focus is on activities, products and services (planned or
new development, or new or modified) that are most likely to give rise to significant
impacts and health & safety hazards/ risks, and not intended to cover every single
aspect and impact and safety hazard.

3. DEFINITION

3.1 Accident
Event giving rise to death, ill health, injury, damage or other loss.

3.2 Emergency
Accidents resulting in death/serious injury to people, damage to property and
environment, shutdown of all operations.

3.3 Hazards
 Source or situation with a potential for harm in terms of injury or ill health or a
combination of these.

3.4 Hazards Identification

The process of recognising that a hazard exists and defining its characteristics.

3.5 Incident
Work-related event(s) in which an injury or ill health or fatality occurred, or could have
occurred, including near miss

3.6 Interested parties

Individual or group concerned with or affected by OHS performance of an organisation
(i.e. neighbours, sub-contractors, visitors etc)

3.7 Normal/ Routine

Day-to-day operations and routine functions whereby processes/activities are working
in the intended manners.

3.8 Risk
The combination of the likelihood and consequence of a specific hazardous event
occurring.

3.9 Risk assessment

The overall process of estimating the magnitude of risk and deciding whether or not the
risk is tolerable or acceptable.

3.10 Acceptable risk

Risk that has been reduced to a level that can be tolerated by the organisation having
regard to its legal obligations and it’s own OHS policy.

3.11 Ill Health

Identifiable, adverse physical or mental condition arising from and/or made worse by a
work activity and/or work-related situation.

3.12 Direct Environmental Aspects and Impacts

Environmental aspects and impacts resulting from activities, products and service the
company that company can control.

3.13 Environmental Aspects

Any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially
resulting from an organisation’s environmental aspects. (ISO 14001)

3.14 Environmental Impact

Any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially
resulting from an organisation’s activities, products or service

4. REFERENCE DOCUMENT

4.1 Nil

5. RESPONSIBILITIES

5.1 The Impact/Risk Assessment Team (Project Manager, WSH Officer (WSHO) / Safety
Supervisor (SS)/ Environmental Control Officer (ECO) and Project Team inclusive of
 sub-contractors) is responsible to identify and evaluate the EHS aspect/hazard within
their respective site. He/she shall also be responsible for compilation of Activity Based
Impact/Risk and submit to Head of Department/Section and Management
Representative.

5.2 The Impact/Risk Assessment Team shall be responsible for identifying and evaluating
EHS aspect/hazard and impact/risk arising from their respective planned or new
development, or new or modified activities, products and service.

5.3 All employees must be aware of possible EHS aspect/hazard and impact/risk related to
their respective planned or new development, or new or modified activities, products
and services.

6. RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS

6.1 Identify Occupational Health & Safety Hazards

6.1.1 EHS aspect/hazard and impact/risk at company level shall be coordinated by the
Management Representative. The Impact/Risk Assessment Team shall
undertake the identification and evaluation of EHS aspect/hazard and
impact/risk. This team shall be trained on this procedure to undertake the scope
of work.

6.1.2 The Impact/Risk Assessment Team shall brainstorm and classify the work
activities/service. The classification of activities shall be divided and sub-
divided (breakdown) till the activity is large enough for meaningful
investigation and small enough to be sufficiently understood.

6.1.3 The Impact/Risk Assessment Team will select an activity, a product or a service
for study and repeat the study for all activities, products and services identified
in 6.1.2.

6.1.4 The Impact/Risk Assessment Team shall identify all possible environmental,
occupational health and safety hazards associated with the identified activities,
products or services. The initial status review by the consultant shall be used as
a basis to determine the EHS aspects/hazards.

6.1.5 The process of hazard identification should be an on-going process for routine
and non-routine activities of employees and non-employees and also consider
the abnormal and emergency conditions.

6.1.6 Non-routine/abnormal tasks like maintenance, start-up, shut down, emergency

response, etc shall be considered in the classification of work activities. All
activities likely pose a significant impact/risk shall be identified. Known trivial
issues like shocks due to switching on lights, etc need not be documented for
further reference unless there have been past incidents (e.g. trips/ falls due to
running cables).

6.1.7 When identifying environmental aspects, the following shall be considered

 Emissions to air
 Discharges to water
 Generation of wastes (solid, liquid, gaseous )
 Disposal to land
 Use of raw materials, energy, water and other natural resources
 Other local environmental and community issues such as noise, odour,
etc.
 6.1.8 When identifying health and safety hazards, the source for harm and nature as
mentioned below shall be considered:

Source
 Mechanical (e.g. moving parts, noise, vibration, hydraulic system)
 Chemical (e.g. toxic, corrosive, flammable, etc)
 Electrical (e.g. shocks etc) and due to contact with live wires
 Radiation (e.g. laser, radioactive materials etc)
 Ergonomics (e.g. comfort in work environment/position, including
maintenance of floor areas, security, etc.)

Nature
 Contact with moving parts, falling objects, pressure/temperature system,
etc.
 Exposure to chemicals through inhalation, skin or ingestion because of
spills, fire explosion.
 Contact with live wires
 Exposure to radiation
 Slips/falls due to running cables, poor housekeeping, and potential for
collapse of formwork, poor lighting, and noisy/hot/humid environment.

6.2 Identify Environmental Aspect/Impact and Occupational Health & Safety

Hazard/Risk

6.2.1 When identifying environmental impacts, the following shall be considered:

 Air pollution (e.g., ozone layer depletion, global warming, acid rain, etc)
 Water pollution (e.g. surface water contamination, ground water
contamination etc)
 Noise pollution
 Land/soil pollution (e.g. soil contamination, loading landfills etc.)
 Resource depletion (e.g. depletion of water, diesel etc)

6.2.2 When identifying occupational health and safety risks, the following shall be
considered:
 Physical injuries (e.g. cuts, fractures, bruises, loss of body parts etc.)
 Ill-health (headaches, breathlessness, deafness, limb disorders, diseases,
etc)
 Property damage

6.2.3 The Inventory of Work Activities and Activity-Based Risk/Impact

Assessment drawn up at the company level shall be used as basis for each
project site. The Impact/Risk Assessment Team may include or delete
activities, EHS aspects/hazards and impacts/risks as is relevant. Those
activities, EHS aspects/hazards and impacts/risks that are not relevant to their
site shall not be taken up for evaluation. The Management Representative shall
review this list and validate the applicability to the respective site.

6.2.3 The Activity-Based Risk/Impact Assessment shall be listed in the format as

attached in Attachment 8.4.

6.3 Evaluating the significance of Environmental Aspect and Occupational Health &
Safety hazard and assessing impact/risks
 6.3.1 The evaluation of environmental impact, occupational safety and health risks
shall be done as per the criteria in the Attachment 8.1. Any existing non-
compliances with legal requirements shall be considered as very high
significance (Impact/Risk Level – High) and actions (Impact/Risk Control
Measure) to restore compliance must be taken.

6.4 Prioritization of Significant Environmental Aspect/Impact and OHS

Hazards/risks

6.4.1 All EHS Aspects/Impacts and Hazards/Risks shall be identified as action items
based on the Impact/Risk Assessment Criteria.

6.4.2 Management Representative shall determine the priority for action on the
significant impacts/risks and intolerable impacts/risks related to environmental,
occupational health and safety hazards. These shall be reflected in the
objectives, targets, management programmes, training or safe work procedure
or impact/risk control measure relevant to the specific project sites or head
office.

6.5 Implementing and review of EHS aspects/hazards

6.5.1 The results of impact/risk assessment must be approved and endorsed by Top
Management.

6.5.2 The company would, as far as is practicable, implement the recommended

impact/risk control measures as soon as possible.

6.5.3 Action plan would be prepared to implement the measures.

6.5.4 Recommended impact/risk control measures will be used to assess site facility
requirements, identification of training needs and development of operational
controls.

6.5.5 The Impact/Risk Assessment Team shall review the Activity-Based

Risk/Impact Assessment and updates whenever to ensure continual
effectiveness and timeliness of their implementation;

 There is a change in the operations,

 There is a new project, new /modified process, product or services,
 There is new knowledge based on incidents, accidents or other sources,
 Completion of objectives, targets and EHS management programmes,
 There is a new or changed legal, company or other requirements.

6.5.6 Any new EHS Aspects/Hazards that have been identified shall be
communicated to the Management Representative. Management Representative
in turn shall determine the need for other project sites to review their Activity-
Based Risk/Impact Assessment in light of this information.

6.5.7 If there are no changes, the Impact/Risk Assessment Team shall review the
Activity-Based Risk/Impact Assessment based on the Impact/Risk
Assessment Criteria. The Impact/Risk Assessment Team shall co-ordinate
resources needed to establish the current information on risks and shall ensure
that the members involved in the review have sufficient training to undertake
the review.

6.6 Communicating significant EHS aspect/hazard and impact/risk

 6.6.1 The Impact/Risk Assessment Team shall communicate the significant EHS
aspect/impact and hazards/risks with related subcontractors and staffs, in order
to eliminate or reduce such impact/risk.

7. RECORD KEEPING
7.1 A written description of the Activity-Based Risk/Impact Assessment would be kept for
reference for 3 (three) years.

7.2 The records should include the following information:

 Names and designations of impact/risk assessment team members

 Inventory of work activities by process or location, associated with machinery,
equipment and chemicals
 Aspect/Hazards identification for all work activities and possible types of
accident/incident
 Existing control measures
 Impact/risk level for each aspect/hazard
 Recommendations on additional controls required
 Persons involved in implementing the measures on risk/impact reduction
 Signatures, date and designations of the persons conducting risk/impact
assessment

8. ATTACHMENT

8.1 Impact/Risk Assessment Criteria

8.2 Assessment Process

8.3 Inventory of Work Activities

8.4 Activity-Based Risk/Impact Assessment Form

8.1 Impact/Risk Assessment Criteria

Severity of Aspect/Hazard
Severity is the degree or extent the damage to environment cause by the environmental aspect or injury or
harm caused by the hazards, or as a result of an accident. The severity is classified into three categories as
Minor, Moderate and Major. These are described in Table 1.

Table 1 – Severity and likehood categories

Note:

In assigning the severity level, the existing controls should be taken into account.

Likelihood of Occurrence

Likelihood of occurrence of an accident or incident or ill health or environmental impact is also classified
into three categories as Remote, Occasional and Frequent.

Table 2 – Likelihood categories and description

Note:
To minimize the subjectivity of estimating likelihood, in addition to looking at exiting controls, the
following sources of information should be considered:
- Past incident and accident records;
- Industry practice and experience;
- Relevant published literature.

Impact/Risk Level
Once the severity and likelihood have been established, the impact/risk level can be determined. One
approach is to use the following 3 X 3 matrix. The impact/risk level may be classified as low, medium or
high and is at the intersection of the severity row and the likelihood column.

To

determine the impact/risk level, select the appropriate row for severity and the appropriate column for
likelihood; the cell where they intersect indicates the impact/risk Level in Table 3.
 Table 3 – Impact/Risk matrix to determine Impact/Risk Level

Impact/Risk Control Measure

Based on impact/risk level determined, control measures should be selected to reduce impact/risk level to
an acceptable level by following the hierarchy:
i) Elimination (Total removal of aspect/hazard, e.g. - Laser cutting eliminates noise hazards from
powered saws),
ii) Substitution (Replacing the hazard by one that presents a lower risk, e.g. – water-based paints
can be used instead of a solvent-based paint ),
iii) Engineering Controls (Physical mean to limit the hazard, e.g. – application of machine guards),
iv) Administrative Measures (Reduce or eliminate exposure to a aspect/hazard by adherence to a
procedure or instruction via training or briefing) and
v) Personal Protective Equipment (This should be used as last resort after all other control measures
have been considered, or as a short term contingency during maintenance/repair as an additional
protective measure – helmet, glove, ear plug, safety shoes and etc).
vi) Control measures determined should be referenced to applicable legal and other EHS
requirements and recorded in the Activity-Based Risk/Impact Assessment Form.

Table 4 shows the acceptability of impact/risk and recommended actions for different impact/risk levels,
which can be used to guide the selection of impact/risk controls.

Table 4 – Acceptability of impact/risk and recommended actions

Note:
It is essential for impacts/risks to be eliminated or reduced “at source”. If an impact/risk cannot be
controlled completely by engineering measures, it is necessary to protect the employee by administrative
control or personal protection.
8.2 Assessment Process