GPON Downstream
GPON Upstream
GPON Elements
1- Dynamically Bandwidth Assignment (DBA)
2- Transmission Containers (T-CONT)
3- G-PON Encapsulation Mode (GEM) Port
4- Service-Port
GPON Elements
1- Dynamically Bandwidth Assignment (DBA)
DBA (Dynamically Bandwidth Assignment) is a mechanism that can complete the dynamic allocation of upstream
bandwidth within microsecond or millisecond time intervals. It can improve the upstream bandwidth utilization rate of the
PON port and allow users to enjoy Higher bandwidth services.
Note : DBA mainly controls the upstream data rate from ONU/ONT to OLT under the PON port.
There are five types of bandwidth in DBA
DBA Command Example :
MA5800-X2(config)#dba-profile add profile-id 110 profile-name MAX-BW type4 max 1024000
GPON Elements
2- Transmission Containers (T-CONT)
A Transmission Container (T-CONT) is an ONU object representing a group of logical connections that appear as a single
entity for the purpose of upstream bandwidth assignment on the PON. For a given ONU, the number of supported T-CONTs
is fixed. The ONU autonomously creates all the supported T-CONT instances during ONU activation. The OLT discovers the
number of T-CONT instances supported by a given ONU.
Note : T-CONT is mainly used to distinguish different user service data and carry service data
T-CONT is bound with the DBA template.
The number of supported 5 types of T-CONTs which can be allocated to the user :
T-CONT 1, T-CONT 2, T-CONT 3, T-CONT 4, T-CONT 5
T-CONT built under the line-profile template (line template)
Line Profile Command Example :
MA5800-X2(config)#ont-lineprofile gpon profile-id 120 profile-name LINE-PROFILE
MA5800-X2(config-gpon-lineprofile-120)#tcont 4 dba-profile-id 110 (Bound with DBA Template)
GPON Elements
Relationship between DBA and T-CONT
1. T-CONT 1: This T-CONT is of fixed bandwidth type and mainly used for services sensitive to delay and high
priority like VOIP.
2. T-CONT 2 and T-CONT 3: Both T-CONT are of guaranteed bandwidth types and mainly used for video services
and data services of higher priorities.
3. T-CONT 4: This T-CONT is of best-effort type and mainly used for data services such as Internet and services of
low priority which do not require high bandwidth.
4. T-CONT 5: This T-CONT is of mixed type, involving all bandwidth types and bearing all services.
GPON Elements
3- G-PON Encapsulation Mode (GEM) Port
A GEM (GPON encapsulation mode) port is a virtual channel between the T-CONT on the ONU/ONT side and the PON
port on the OLT side. It must be bound with the T-CONT to transmit data.
Command Preview: gem add 1 eth tcont 4
Means to create a GEM port numbered 1 and bind T-CONT 4 to carry service data. The GEM port number ranges from 0-127.
Bound GEM and T-CONT Command Example :
MA5800-X2(config)#ont-lineprofile gpon profile-id 120 profile-name LINE-PROFILE
MA5800-X2(config-gpon-lineprofile-120)#tcont 4 dba-profile-id 110 (Bound with DBA Template)
MA5800-X2(config-gpon-lineprofile-120)#gem add 1 eth tcont 4 (Bound GEM and T-CONT)
GPON Elements
4- Service-Port
SERVICE-PORT uniquely defines a data flow through ONTID, GEM PORT number, GPON port, user-side VLAN, and OLT-
side VLAN, thus opening the path from ONU to OLT and then to the external switch.
Service Port Command Example:
MA5800-X2(config)#service-port 60000 vlan 10 gpon 0/1/1 ont 11 gemport 1 multi-service user-vlan 10
GPON Elements
OLT Command Summary
Create DBA Command :
MA5800-X2(config)#dba-profile add profile-id 110 profile-name MAX-BW type4 max 1024000
Create Line Profile Command :
MA5800-X2(config)#ont-lineprofile gpon profile-id 120 profile-name LINE-PROFILE
MA5800-X2(config-gpon-lineprofile-120)#tcont 4 dba-profile-id 110 (Bound with DBA Template)
MA5800-X2(config-gpon-lineprofile-120)#gem add 1 eth tcont 4 (Bound GEM and T-CONT)
MA5800-X2(config-gpon-lineprofile-120)#mapping-mode vlan
MA5800-X2(config-gpon-lineprofile-120)#gem mapping 1 6 vlan 10 (Bound GEM and VLAN)
MA5800-X2(config-gpon-lineprofile-120)#commit
MA5800-X2(config-gpon-lineprofile-120)#quit
Service Port Command Example:
MA5800-X2(config)#service-port 60000 vlan 10 gpon 0/1/1 ont 11 gemport 1 multi-service user-vlan 10
GPON Frame Structure
Downstream GPON Frame
A downstream GPON frame has a fixed length of 125 μs and
comprises Physical Control Block Downstream (PCBd) and
payload. PCBd mainly consists of the GTC header and
BWmap. The OLT broadcasts PCBd to all ONUs. Then, the
ONUs receive the PCBd and perform operations based on
the information contained in PCBd.
Upstream GPON Frame
An upstream GPON frame has a fixed length of 125 μs.
Each upstream frame contains the content carried by
one or more T-CONTs. All ONUs connected to a GPON
port share the upstream bandwidth.
GPON Frame Structure
GPON Frame Structure
The procedure of downstream frame forwarding
1. OLT sends Ethernet frames from Uplink ports to the GPON service processing module based on configured rules to the PON ports.
2. GPON service processing module then encapsulates the Ethernet frames into GEM port data packets for downstream transmission.
3. GPON transmission convergence (GTC) frames that contain GEM PDUs are broadcast to all ONT/ONUs connected to the GPON port.
4. ONT/ONU filters the received data based on the GEM port ID contained in the GEM PDU header and retains the data only significant
to the GEM ports on this ONT/ONU.
5. ONT decapsulates the data and sends the Ethernet frames to the end users via service ports.
The procedure of upstream frame forwarding
1. ONT/ONU send Ethernet frames to GEM ports based on based on configured rules that map service ports and GEM ports.
2. GEM ports encapsulate the Ethernet frames into GEM PDUs and add these PDUs to TCONT queues based on rules that map GEM
ports and TCONT queues.
3. TCONT queues use time slots based on DBA, then transmit upstream GEM PDUs to the OLT.
4. OLT decapsulates the GEM PDU, the original Ethernet frame is now seen.
5. OLT sends the Ethernet frames from a specified uplink port based on rules that map service ports and uplink ports.
