IELTS

Vocabulary
1.
People, Character,
Psychology,
Communication, Family
• Words
• Collocations
• Articles

Jamshid Safarov

Telegram - @officialieltsreality
1
People, Character, Psychology, Communication,
Family

Telegram - @officialieltsreality JAMSHID SAFAROV 2

Words & Collocations
ೲ People
Appearance
attractive, good-looking, beautiful, handsome, lovely, pretty, cute, nice;

pretty; beautiful; handsome; good-looking;

plain, homely (=not good-looking; AmE), unattractive, ugly; an ugly fellow;

a pretty (beautiful, ugly, intelligent, round, oval) face; regular features;

delicate features;

well-dressed; nicely dressed; casually dressed; poorly dressed; elegant;

fashionable;

neat, clean, tidy; untidy, dirty, filthy; a neat person;

Height
tall, very tall, quite tall; six feet tall; not very tall; short;

average height; medium height; middle height;

Weight and Build

thin, quite thin, slim, slender; skinny, underweight;

plump, chubby, stout, overweight, obese, fat;

medium-build; heavily built; thickset; broad-shouldered;

delicate; delicate constitution;

strong, muscular, athletic; weak, feeble.

Hair
dark, black, brown, chestnut, red, auburn; blond, light, fair; white, gray
(grey);

a brunette, a brunet; a redhead; a blonde, a blond; a dark-haired; corn-

colored;

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long, short; medium-length; shoulder-length; long dark-blond;

straight, curly, wavy; thick, thinning, bald; curly; bald;

shiny, smooth, neatly combed; soft, silken; lank; dull; oily; greasy;

tousled; disheveled; plaits, ponytail; beard, mustache (moustache).

Eyes
blue, gray (grey), green, brown, dark;

light-blue; dark-gray; grayish-blue;

big eyes; large eyes; bright eyes; expressive eyes; sharp eyes;

eyebrows, eyelashes; thick eyebrows; green eyes with dark lashes;

nearsighted, shortsighted (near-sighted, short-sighted); blind;

eyeglasses, glasses, spectacles, sunglasses; a pair of glasses

Age
young, middle-aged, elderly, old; grown-up, adult;

he is twenty years old; she is in her thirties; he is about forty;

a child; a kid; a little boy; a little girl; a five-year-old girl; she is five years
old;

a teenager; a teenage boy; a teenage girl; a young boy; a young girl;

Character
Character, personality, nature
good (excellent, fine, strong, firm, weak, bad, terrible, evil) character;

traits of character; qualities; he has a terrible character; his character is

very good;

a woman of great character; a man of character; he has no character at all;

pleasant (friendly, strong, weak, interesting, charismatic) personality;

she is soft-hearted by nature; it is not in his nature to be rude.

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Other qualities
pretentious, self-important, vain, pompous; domineering, oppressive;
unpretentious;

capricious, wayward, whimsical; mischievous; argumentative, irritable,

quarrelsome;

critical, exacting, fault-finding; pedantic; docile, dutiful, obedient;

disobedient;

talkative; glib; noisy; reserved, reticent; laconic; taciturn; silent; secretive;

economical, thrifty, frugal, tight, stingy, miserly, greedy; wasteful, prodigal,

extravagant;

strange, odd, weird, eccentric, crazy; normal, ordinary, regular.

Mind
intelligent, wise, clever, smart; sharp, keen, bright, quick, agile;

broad-minded; open-minded; narrow-minded; small-minded; absent-

minded;

a sharp mind; a quick mind;

foolish, silly, stupid, dumb; dull, slow; crazy, insane, mad;

Other related words

Note: Some of the words below are informal or slang words; some of them
may be perceived as offensive.

a bookworm; a history buff; a sports fan; a music fan; a movie fan; a TV

addict;

a computer whiz kid; a computer freak; a number-cruncher;

a fashion plate; a dandy; a fashionmonger; a warmonger; a newsmonger; a

scaremonger;

a junk collector; a pack rat; a miser; a squanderer; a spendthrift; a

spender;

a homebody; a couch potato; lazybones; a workaholic; a Jack of all trades;

an adventurer; a thrill seeker; an oddball; a weirdo; a chatterbox; a

scatterbrain; a teaser;

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 a prude; a hypocrite; a chronic liar; a gambler; a smooth operator; a city
slicker; a simpleton;

a superachiever; an underachiever; a winner; a loser; a tough guy; a softy;

a woman-chaser; a womanizer; a ladies' man (a lady's man);

a black sheep; a scapegoat; a scarecrow; a white crow; a night owl.

Weight
1 pound (lb.) = 0.4536 kilograms (kg)

He weighs 170 pounds. (Read as "one hundred and seventy pounds" or "one
hundred seventy pounds".)

Height
1 inch (in.) = 2.54 centimeters (cm)

1 foot (ft.) = 12 in. = 30.48 cm = 0.3048 m

He is six feet tall. He is 183 centimeters tall. (one hundred eighty-three

centimeters)

She is 160 centimeters tall. (one hundred sixty centimeters)

Her 12-year-old son is about 5 feet tall and weighs about 88 pounds.
(eighty-eight pounds)

Character / Personality Traits

1. active 5. affectionate

characterized by energetic having or displaying warmth or

movement affection

2. adventurous 6. afraid

willing to undertake new and filled with fear or apprehension

daring enterprises
7. ambitious
3. affable
having a strong desire for success
diffusing warmth and friendliness or achievement

4. affected 8. amiable

influenced diffusing warmth and friendliness

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9. angry nonchalantly unconcerned

feeling or showing extreme 20. boorish

displeasure or hostility
ill-mannered and coarse in
10. animated behavior or appearance

having life or vigor or spirit 21. bored

11. annoyed uninterested because of frequent

exposure or indulgence
troubled persistently
22. bossy
12. anxious
offensively self-assured or
causing or fraught with or showing exercising unwarranted power
anxiety
23. brave
13. argumentative
possessing or displaying courage
given to or characterized by a
tendency to dispute 24. brilliant

14. arrogant full of light; shining intensely

having or showing feelings of 25. busy

unwarranted importance
actively or fully engaged or
15. astonished occupied

filled with the emotional impact of 26. calm

overwhelming surprise
not agitated; without losing self-
16. attentive possession

taking heed 27. candid

17. babyish openly straightforward and direct

without secretiveness
characteristic of a baby
28. capable
18. bewildered
having ability
perplexed by many conflicting
situations or statements 29. careful

19. blase

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 exercising caution or showing showing or having sympathy for
attention another's suffering

30. caustic 41. complacent

capable of destroying or eating contented to a fault with oneself or

away by chemical action one's actions

31. cautious 42. conceited

showing careful forethought having an exaggerated sense of

self-importance
32. charismatic
43. concerned
possessing an extraordinary ability
to attract feeling or showing worry or
solicitude
33. charming
44. confident
pleasing or delighting
having or marked by assurance
34. cheerful
45. confused
being full of or promoting cheer
unable to think with clarity or act
35. childish intelligently

indicating a lack of maturity 46. conscientious

36. clever characterized by extreme care and
great effort
mentally quick and resourceful
47. considerate
37. clumsy
showing concern for the rights and
lacking grace in movement or feelings of others
posture
48. cooperative
38. coarse
involving the joint activity of two or
rough to the touch more
39. coldhearted 49. courageous
lacking in sympathy or feeling able to face and deal with danger
or fear without flinching
40. compassionate

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50. cowardly 60. decisive

lacking courage; ignobly timid and characterized by resoluteness and

faint-hearted firmness

51. crafty 61. dependable

marked by skill in deception consistent in performance or

behavior
52. critical
62. determined
of a serious examination and
judgment of something having been learned or found
especially by investigation
53. cross
63. diligent
a marking that consists of lines
that intersect each other quietly and steadily persevering in
detail or exactness
54. cruel
64. discouraged
able or disposed to inflict pain or
suffering lacking in resolution

55. cultured 65. discreet

marked by refinement in taste and marked by prudence or modesty

manners and wise self-restraint

56. curious 66. dishonest

eager to investigate and learn or deceptive or fraudulent

learn more
67. dismayed
57. dangerous
struck with fear, dread, or
involving or causing risk; liable to consternation
hurt or harm
68. disparaging
58. daring
expressive of low opinion
a challenge to do something
dangerous or foolhardy 69. disrespectful

59. dauntless exhibiting lack of regard; rude and

discourteous
invulnerable to fear or intimidation

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70. dissatisfied feeling or caused to feel uneasy
and self-conscious
in a state of sulky dissatisfaction
81. encouraging
71. distressed
giving courage or confidence or
feeling general unhappiness hope

72. domineering 82. energetic

tending to rule in a cruel manner possessing or displaying forceful
exertion
73. doubtful
83. enthusiastic
fraught with uncertainty
having or showing great
74. dutiful excitement and interest
willingly obedient out of a sense of 84. exacting
respect
severe and unremitting in making
75. eager demands
having or showing keen interest or 85. excited
intense desire
in an aroused state
76. easygoing
86. expert
relaxed and informal in attitude or
standards a person with special knowledge
who performs skillfully
77. effervescent
87. exuberant
giving off bubbles
joyously unrestrained
78. efficient
88. facetious
being effective without wasting
time, effort, or expense cleverly amusing in tone
79. eloquent 89. fair

expressing yourself readily, free from favoritism, bias, or

clearly, effectively deception
80. embarrassed 90. faithful

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 loyal and reliable 101. frustrated

91. fanciful disappointingly unsuccessful

indulging in or influenced by the 102. funny

imagination
an account of an amusing incident
92. fearless
103. garrulous
calm or oblivious in the face of
danger full of trivial conversation

93. fidgety 104. generous

nervous and unable to relax willing to give and share

unstintingly
94. fierce
105. gentle
marked by extreme and violent
energy soft and mild; not harsh or stern or
severe
95. finicky
106. giddy
fussy, especially about details
lacking seriousness; given to
96. foolish frivolity

lacking good sense or judgment 107. giving

97. formal the act of giving

in accord with established 108. glamorous

conventions and requirements
having an air of allure, romance
98. fortunate and excitement

having unexpected good luck 109. gloomy

99. frank depressingly dark

characterized by directness in 110. glum

manner or speech
moody and melancholic
100. friendly
111. grateful
characteristic of or befitting an ally
feeling or showing thankfulness

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112. greedy having or showing arrogant
superiority
immoderately desirous of
acquiring something 123. helpful

113. gregarious providing assistance or serving a

useful function
temperamentally seeking and
enjoying the company of others 124. honest

114. grouchy marked by truth

annoyed and irritable 125. hopeful

115. grumpy having or manifesting optimism

annoyed and irritable 126. hopeless

116. gullible without hope because there

seems to be no possibility of
naive and easily deceived or comfort or success
tricked
127. hospitable
117. happy
disposed to treat guests and
marked by good fortune strangers with generosity

118. hardy 128. humble

having rugged physical strength marked by meekness or modesty;
not arrogant or prideful
119. harried
129. humorous
troubled persistently, especially
with petty annoyances characterized by the power to
evoke laughter
120. harsh
130. ignorant
disagreeable to the senses
uneducated in general; lacking
121. hateful knowledge or sophistication
evoking or deserving hatred 131. ill-bred
122. haughty (of persons) lacking in refinement
or grace

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132. imaginative characterized by hard work and
perseverance
marked by independence and
creativity in thought or action 143. amenable

133. immaculate disposed or willing to comply

completely neat and clean 144. innocent

134. immature free from sin

not yet fully developed 145. insipid

135. impartial lacking interest or significance or

impact
free from undue bias or
preconceived opinions 146. insistent

136. impatient demanding attention

restless or short-tempered under 147. insolent

delay or opposition
marked by casual disrespect
137. impolite
148. intelligent
not showing regard for others in
manners, speech, or conduct having the capacity for thought
and reason to a high degree
138. impudent
149. intrepid
improperly forward or bold
invulnerable to fear or intimidation
139. impulsive
150. jealous
without forethought
suspicious or fearful of being
140. inactive displaced by a rival

not engaged physically or mentally 151. jovial

141. independent full of or showing high-spirited

merriment
free from external control and
constraint 152. joyous

142. industrious full of or characterized by

happiness

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153. keen 164. malicious

intense or sharp having the nature of threatening

evil
154. lackadaisical
165. mature
idle or indolent especially in a
dreamy way having reached full natural growth
or development
155. languid
166. mean
lacking spirit or liveliness
denote or connote
156. lazy
167. meticulous
disinclined to work or exertion
marked by precise accordance
157. lively with details
full of life and energy 168. mischievous
158. logical naughtily or annoyingly playful
based on known statements or 169. moody
events or conditions
subject to sharply varying moods
159. lonely
170. mysterious
lacking companions or
companionship beyond ordinary understanding

160. loquacious 171. naive

full of trivial conversation marked by or showing unaffected

simplicity
161. loving
172. negligent
feeling or showing love and
affection characterized by undue lack of
attention or concern
162. loyal
173. nervous
steadfast in allegiance or duty
of or relating to a system of
163. lucky sensory apparatus
having or bringing good fortune 174. noisy

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 full of or characterized by loud and not disturbed by strife or turmoil or
nonmusical sounds war

175. obedient 185. pensive

dutifully complying with the deeply or seriously thoughtful

commands of those in authority
186. deserving
176. obliging
worthy of being treated in a
showing a cheerful willingness to particular way
do favors for others
187. persistent
177. obnoxious
stubbornly unyielding
causing disapproval or protest
188. pessimistic
178. obsequious
expecting the worst possible
attempting to win favor from outcome
influential people by flattery
189. petulant
179. observant
easily irritated or annoyed
quick to notice; showing quick and
keen perception 190. picky

180. obstinate exacting especially about details

marked by tenacious 191. pleasant

unwillingness to yield
being in harmony with your taste
181. opinionated or likings

obstinate in your opinions 192. polite

182. optimistic showing regard for others in

manners, speech, behavior, etc.
hopeful that the best will happen in
the future 193. pompous

183. pandemonium puffed up with vanity

a state of extreme confusion and 194. popular

disorder
regarded with great favor or
184. peaceful approval by the general public

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195. positive 205. rambunctious

characterized by or displaying noisy and lacking in restraint or

affirmation or acceptance discipline

196. precise 206. rash

sharply exact or accurate or imprudently incurring risk

delimited
207. rational
197. proud
consistent with or based on or
feeling self-respect, self-esteem, using reason
or self-importance
208. refined
198. punctual
cultivated and genteel
acting or arriving exactly at the
time appointed 209. reliable

199. punctilious worthy of trust

marked by precise accordance 210. relieved

with details
made easier to bear
200. puzzled
211. religious
filled with bewilderment
having or showing belief in and
201. quarrelsome reverence for a deity

given to arguing 212. respectful

202. quick exhibiting an attitude of admiration

or esteem
moving rapidly and lightly
213. responsible
203. quiet
worthy of or requiring trust; held
characterized by an absence of accountable
agitation or activity
214. responsive
204. quixotic
reacting to a stimulus
not sensible about practical
matters 215. restless

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 lacking physical or mental ease 226. secretive

216. retiring reluctant to divulge information

of a person who has held and 227. secure

relinquished a position
free from danger or risk
217. risk taker
228. sedate
someone who risks loss or injury
in the hope of gain or excitement characterized by dignity and
propriety
218. rowdy
229. self-centered
disturbing the public peace; loud
and rough limited to or caring only about
yourself and your own needs
219. rude
230. selfish
belonging to an early stage of
technical development concerned chiefly with your own
advantage
220. safe
231. self-reliant
free from danger or the risk of
harm (of persons) free from external
control and constraint in e.g.
221. sarcastic action and judgment

expressing or expressive of 232. sensitive

ridicule that wounds
responsive to physical stimuli
222. satisfied
233. shrewd
filled with contentment
marked by practical hardheaded
223. saucy intelligence

improperly forward or bold 234. silly

224. scared ludicrous, foolish

made afraid 235. sincere

225. scornful open and genuine; not deceitful

expressing extreme contempt 236. skillful

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 having or showing knowledge, unusual or out of the ordinary
ability, or aptitude
247. strict
237. slovenly
rigidly accurate; allowing no
negligent of neatness especially in deviation from a standard
dress and person
248. stubborn
238. sly
tenaciously unwilling to yield
marked by skill in deception
249. studious
239. smart
characterized by diligent learning
characterized by quickness and and fondness for reading
ease in learning
250. stupid
240. sneaky
lacking or marked by lack of
marked by quiet and caution and intellectual acuity
secrecy
251. suave
241. snobbish
having a sophisticated charm
characteristic of those who incline
to social exclusiveness 252. sullen

242. sociable showing a brooding ill humor

inclined to or conducive to 253. supercilious

companionship with others
having or showing arrogant
243. steady disdain or haughtiness

securely in position; not shaky 254. superstitious

244. stingy showing faith in magic and

ignorance of the laws of nature
unwilling to spend
255. surly
245. stolid
unfriendly and inclined toward
having or revealing little emotion anger or irritation
or sensibility
256. suspicious
246. strange

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 openly distrustful and unwilling to feeling or showing gratitude
confide
267. thoughtful
257. sweet
exhibiting or characterized by
having or denoting the careful consideration
characteristic taste of sugar
268. thoughtless
258. taciturn
showing lack of careful thought
habitually reserved and
uncommunicative 269. thrifty

259. tactful mindful of the future in spending

money
having a sense of what is
considerate in dealing with others 270. timid

260. talented showing fear and lack of courage

endowed with talent or talents 271. tolerant

261. talkative showing or characterized by

broad-mindedness
friendly and open and willing to
communicate 272. touchy

262. tasteful difficult to handle; requiring great

tact
in keeping with what is considered
appropriate and stylish 273. trusting

263. tenacious inclined to believe or confide

readily
stubbornly unyielding
274. trustworthy
264. tense
worthy of trust or belief
taut or rigid; stretched tight
275. uncontrolled
265. terrified
not being under control; out of
thrown into a state of intense fear control
or desperation
276. uncouth
266. thankful

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 lacking refinement or cultivation or 287. warm
taste
having or producing a comfortable
277. unfriendly and agreeable degree of heat or
imparting or maintaining heat
not friendly
288. warmhearted
278. unruly
marked by warmth of feeling like
unable to be governed or kindness and sympathy and
controlled generosity
279. unscrupulous 289. weak

without principles wanting in physical strength

280. unselfish 290. whimsical

disregarding your own advantages determined by chance or impulse
and welfare over those of others rather than by necessity
281. upset 291. wise
cause to lose one's composure having intelligence and
discernment
282. useful
292. witty
having a helpful function
combining clever conception and
283. valiant facetious expression
having or showing heroism or 293. worried
courage
afflicted with or marked by anxious
284. versatile uneasiness or trouble
having great diversity or variety 294. xenophobic
285. vivacious having abnormal fear or hatred of
the strange or foreign
vigorous and animated
295. yearning
286. vulgar
prolonged unfulfilled desire or
of or associated with the great need
masses of people
296. zany

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 ludicrous or foolish 307. fighter

297. zippy someone who fights (or is fighting)

quick and energetic 308. handsome

298. zealous pleasing in appearance

marked by active interest and 309. hardworking

enthusiasm
characterized by hard work and
299. bold perseverance

fearless and daring 310. inventive

300. carefree marked by independence and

creativity in thought or action
without trouble or worry
311. joyful
301. caring
full of or producing great
feeling and exhibiting concern and happiness
empathy for others
312. leader
302. creative
a person who rules or guides or
having the ability or power to inspires others
invent or make something
313. lovable
303. dainty
having characteristics that attract
something considered choice to love or affection
eat
314. mannerly
304. demanding
socially correct in behavior
requiring more than usually
expected or thought due 315. messy

305. disagreeable dirty and disorderly

not being in accord with your 316. neat

tastes or expectations
clean or organized
306. dreamer
317. patriotic
someone who is dreaming

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 inspired by love for your country courteous regard for people's
feelings
318. sad
328. forgiving
experiencing or showing sorrow or
unhappiness inclined or able to forgive and
show mercy
319. self-confident
329. kind
showing poise and assurance in
your own worth having a tender and considerate
and helpful nature
320. serious
330. meek
of great consequence
humble in spirit or manner
321. shy
331. prudent
timid and lacking self-confidence
marked by sound judgment
322. successful
332. resourceful
having succeeded or being
marked by a favorable outcome adroit or imaginative

323. wild 333. submissive

in a natural state; not tamed or inclined or willing to give in to

domesticated or cultivated orders or wishes of others

324. adaptable 334. thorough

capable of fitting a particular painstakingly careful and accurate

situation or use
335. appreciative
325. available
having or showing a favorable
obtainable or accessible and critical judgment or opinion
ready for use or service
336. committed
326. consistent
bound or obligated, as under a
the same throughout in structure pledge to a cause or action
or composition
337. contented
327. deference

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 satisfied or showing satisfaction 347. flexible
with things as they are
able to bend easily
338. creative
348. peaceful
having the ability or power to
invent or make something not disturbed by strife or turmoil or
war
339. discerning
349. persuasive
having or revealing keen insight
and good judgment intended or having the power to
induce action or belief
340. equitable
350. purposeful
fair to all parties as dictated by
reason and conscience serving as or indicating the existence of
a goal
341. integrity
351. sincere
an undivided or unbroken open and genuine; not deceitful
completeness with nothing
wanting 352. temperate

342. lovable not extreme

having characteristics that attract 353. virtuous

love or affection
morally excellent
343. merciful

showing or giving forgiveness

344. patient

enduring trying circumstances with

even temper

345. self-control

the act of denying yourself

346. truthful

expressing or given to expressing

the truth

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Family Members
Different Generations
Masculine Feminine

Forefathers
Great-great grandfather Great-great grandmother

Great grandfather Great grandmother

Grandfather Grandmother

Father Mother

Son Daughter

Grandson Granddaughter

Great grandson Great granddaughter

Great-great grandson Great-great granddaughter

Descendents

Relatives and Extended Family

grandparents: the parents of your parents
grandfather: the father of your father/mother
grandmother: the mother of your father/mother
grandchildren: the children of your children
grandson: the son of one of your children
granddaughter:the daughter of one of your children
great grandfather: the father of your grandfather/grandmother
great grandmother: the mother of your grandfather/grandmother
uncle: the brother (or brother-in-law) of your mother/father
aunt: the sister (or sister-in-law)of your mother/father
cousin: the child of your aunt/uncle
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nephew: the male child of your brother/sister
niece: the female child of your brother/sister

The In-Laws
The in-laws are the members of the family of your spouse (the person you
are married to) or via a marriage in your family:
father-in-law: the father of your spouse
mother-in-law: the mother of your spouse
son-in-law: the husband of your daughter
daughter-in-law: the wife of your son
brother-in-law: the husband of your sister
sister-in-law: the wife of your brother
Note: To refer to more than one brother-in-law or sister-in-law etc. we has
an S to the brother/sister part.
e.g. My brothers-in-law are fun. My sisters-in-laws are crazy.

The Family Mix

Nowadays in many countries a person can get married more than once.
These are the terms used to describe the "new" members of the family
when someone gets remarried.
"Step-" means that you are related as a result of one parent marrying again

stepfather: the (new) husband of your mother but not your biological
father
stepmother: the (new) wife of your father but not your biological mother
stepson: the son of your (new) husband / wife (he is not your biological
son)
stepdaughter: the daughter of your (new) husband / wife (she is not your
biological daughter)
stepsister: the daughter of your stepmother or stepfather
stepbrother: the son of your stepmother or stepfather
Sometimes one of your parents gets married again and they have more
children. There

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 half-brother: the brother you have only one parent in common with .
half-sister: the sister you only have one parent in common with.
Even if your parent didn't get married (and had the child outside of
marriage), they are still your half-brother or half-sister.
However, note that it is common to still call your half-brother or half-sister
just your brother or sister (without adding the half- part).

Communication
1. nonverbal

not using spoken or written language to communicate

Identify effective and ineffective verbal

and nonverbal communication skills.

2. job candidate

an applicant who is being considered for a job

What impression do you get of this job candidate based on the

way she communicates in her phone message?

3. computerize

provide with computers

For example, in the next few months a

new computerized cashiering system could be installed in the
store at which you work.

4. facial expression

a gesture executed with the facial muscles

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 Could you tell that person was angry just by looking at his or
her facial expression?

5. sender

someone who transmits a message

Vocabulary
barrier anything that interferes with a message being sent or
received
communication an exchange of information
nonverbal not involving words and language
receiver the person who receives a message
sender the person who creates

6. oral communication

(language) communication by word of mouth

A manager may not be inclined to hire an employee with

poor oral communication skills.

7. eye contact

contact that occurs when two people look directly at each other

In the workplace, your posture and eye contact can send co-
workers a message.

8. workplace

a place where work is done

What are some workplace barriers that affect communication?

9. communication

the activity of conveying information

Communication Skills

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 Imagine that you have been applying for jobs all over town, and
you finally get called for an interview.

10. co-worker

an associate that one is employed with

In the workplace, your posture and eye contact can send co-
workers a message.

11. send a message

give or constitute a signal, not necessarily verbally

When you communicate, you may send a message, or you may

receive a message.

12. ineffective

not producing an intended consequence

Identify effective and ineffective verbal and nonverbal

communication skills.

13. body language

communication via the movements or attitudes of the body

Nonverbal communication includes: gestures, facial expressions,

and body language.

14. phone message

a message transmitted by telephone

What impression do you get of this job candidate based on the

way she communicates in her phone message?

15. facial

of or concerning the front of the head

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Could you tell that person was angry just by looking at his or
her facialexpression?

16. barrier

a structure or object that impedes free movement

You will accomplish the following during this lesson:

Objectives

Identify barriers to communication.

17. message

a communication that is written or spoken or signaled

Vocabulary
barrier anything that interferes with a message being sent or
received
communication an exchange of information
nonverbal not involving words and language
receiver the person who receives a message
sender the person who creates

18. receiver

a person who receives something

Vocabulary
barrier anything that interferes with a message being sent or
received
communication an exchange of information
nonverbal not involving words and language
receiver the person who receives a message
sender the person who creates

19. verbal

of or relating to or formed from words in general

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Identify effective and ineffective verbal and nonverbal
communication skills.

20. effective

producing or capable of producing an intended result

This lesson will focus on effective communication skills.

21. teamwork

cooperative labor done by a group

Effective communication can increase trust, promote teamwork,

increase respect, and boost efficiency in the workplace.

22. spoken word

a word that is spoken aloud

It can also sometimes be harder to understand spoken

words over a telephone.

23. face-to-face

directly facing each other

Verbal and Nonverbal Communication

When words are exchanged, for example in a phone

conversation, a face-to-face conversation, a letter, or an e-mail,
the communication is considered verbal.

24. two-way

involving two parts or elements

Barriers to Communication

Having a clear, two-way exchange of information isn't always as

easy as it sounds.

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25. activated

rendered active

If clear communication does not occur before this new system

is activated, this change could bring business to a halt when it
becomes clear that the employees are unprepared to use it.

26. confuse

mistake one thing for another

Some barriers might be caused by the sender, such as content that

is conflicting or confusing, a choice words or language that may
be difficult to understand, or an accent or unfamiliar dialect.

27. communicate

transfer to another

When you communicate, you may send a message, or you may

receive a message.

28. distract

draw someone's attention away from something

Other barriers may be caused by the receiver, such as

being distracted or inattentive.

29. inattentive

showing a lack of awareness, concentration, or care

Other barriers may be caused by the receiver, such as being

distracted orinattentive.

30. verbally

by means of language

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 This means that more information is communicated nonverbally
than verbally.

31. organize

arrange by systematic planning and united effort

Beginning with a clear message that is logical, organized, and easy

to understand is a good first step.

32. interfere

get involved, so as to alter or hinder an action

Vocabulary
barrier anything that interferes with a message being sent or
received
communication an exchange of information
nonverbal not involving words and language
receiver the person who receives a message
sender the person who creates

33. make sense

be reasonable or logical or comprehensible

The receiver may not have the knowledge or information to make

sense of the message.

34. involve

contain as a part

Vocabulary
barrier anything that interferes with a message being sent or
received
communication an exchange of information
nonverbal not involving words and language
receiver the person who receives a message
sender the person who creates

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35. highlight

an area of lightness in a picture

Employees must be told when the new system will be in place and
what thehighlights of the new system are.

36. install

set up for use

For example, in the next few months a new computerized cashiering

system could be installed in the store at which you work.

37. interactive

capable of influencing each other

If the receiver then replies with a new message, this communication

has become interactive.

38. compose

form the substance of

Vocabulary
barrier anything that interferes with a message being sent or
received
communication an exchange of information
nonverbal not involving words and language
receiver the person who receives a message
sender the person who creates or

39. interview

the questioning of a person ; often conducted by journalists

Communication Skills

Imagine that you have been applying for jobs all over town, and
you finally get called for an interview.
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40. posture

the arrangement of the body and its limbs

In the workplace, your posture and eye contact can send co-
workers a message.

Articles
1.Money Magnifies
Who You Already Are
By Merja Sumiloff

2016-10-20

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Many people spend their lives thinking of all the things they could do, or how much
better their lives would be if only they had more money. They allow this sense of a lack
of money to dictate the reason they never strive for what they really want in life, and it is
common among the modern human population to cite a lack of money as one of their
main reasons for not being happy. Societal pressures, such as the media, have
conditioned us to believe that money is the best way to solve most of our problems.
Have you ever heard a person say ‘just throw some money at the issue’? We genuinely
think that money solves our problems, but what we don’t realise is that money is just
another form of resource: it doesn’t define or change you, instead it magnifies who you
already are.

Money in and of itself does not make anyone truly good or bad. Instead it works like an
amplifier of your current character. So, with money, selfish people become more selfish,
and generous people become more giving. People who are kind become kinder, and
people who are cruel become even more so. The happy become even happier and the
sad people become more miserable. Money is a resource of life, an amplifying energy
that expands you as you already are.

When people say that money is the root of all evil, the more accurate conclusion is that
the evil already exists and that money will feed the evil. The same is true for time. If you
have an unhealthy relationship with time, suddenly having more of it won’t allow you to
achieve what you say you want to achieve. Instead, it will fuel whatever is already
present. If you use your time and money wisely, they can help you live a better life. If
you are careless with them, they can destroy your life and who you are as a person. As
the saying goes: money can be a good servant or a sadistic master, the choice is
ultimately yours.

In this sense, the evil we are referring to is the character trait that we wish to adjust,
such as a fear of intimacy, neediness or lack of confidence. These are all issues that
can be remedied and transformed with appropriate self-parenting. If you refuse to self-
parent, and you refuse to take responsibility for your own feelings or your personal
growth, your financial situation will readily reflect this back to you in the form of
emotional spending or an inability to make more money than you spend.

For example, if you are a self confessed ‘shopaholic’ then it doesn’t matter how much
money you have, you will always find a way to spend it. If you are a compulsive gambler

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then you will just keep raising your bids higher and higher in relation to that amount of
money that you have. So in a way it doesn’t really matter how much money you make
because if you do not have healthy boundaries with your inner child, then you’re always
going to live above your means.

Money will never solve your personal issues; personal growth will. Money will never
repair a poor character; self responsibility and accountability will. Money will not buy you
good manners, loyal friends, a loving family, romantic love, patience, confidence,
security, peace of mind, or wisdom; it is your decision to master your life and shed light
on your dark spaces that will do it. Money will not solve your insecurities, anger,
impatience, lack of self confidence or bad attitude; self parenting solves these
challenges.

So, where to start? Here are a few practical tips in relation to money:

1. Save 1% of all your income. Put it aside immediately when it comes in, and use this
commitment to saving money to learn, restore and confirm your self respect. Everyone
can afford 1% – if you can’t then you need to rebudget and cut down on your
unnecessary purchases, or “wants”. Once you solidify yourself at the 1% increase it to
2, 3, 5 etc. By looking at the number in the account you are witnessing your change in
real time.
2. Have patience with yourself: this is not a one-off event. Commit to this exercise for
3 months, and then organise some small reward for yourself (within your budget, of
course).
3. If you fail, it does not mean that you as a person are a failure, but that you failed
at this particular exercise. Separate the behaviour from the person and recommit to
another 3 months.
4. At the end of the 3 months, review your situation and make another commitment,
maybe with an increased percentage or increased amount of time.
Similarly for time:
Again, put aside 1% of your day to focus on the activities that will help you achieve your
goals. That works out as only 15 minutes in a day. Find that time, whether it means
getting out of bed 15 minutes earlier, dedicating a section of your lunch break, giving up
a TV show or some social media time. Find that time in your day and book it in your
diary! Mark it down like

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you would a medical appointment! As with money, commit to this exercise for 3 months,
and repeat.
After all, you are your own biggest asset when it comes to time, health, wealth and
happiness. Make sure that you make your precious life on this earth matter FOR YOU.
Invest in the development of your character. Make the most of your time here.
What will you be remembered for?

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 2.A Feeler’s Dilemma
Accepting Feelings
By Charis Branson
2016-09-08

A little less than two years ago I found out I was a Feeler. For years I prided myself on
the fact that I was a pragmatic Thinker that didn’t have time for all that emotional
mumbo-jumbo. When in the company of women who randomly burst into tears, I would
study them like a bug under a microscope. I viewed emotions as a weakness and a
waste of valuable time.

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 The Thinker Advantage
I believe that society, in general, gives greater honor and respect to Thinkers over
Feelers. Many of us get the message that Feelers can’t be trusted to fulfill their
obligations because they may become a blubbering pile of goo at any moment. Once
the blubbering begins, all productivity is awash.
Just to demonstrate this theory, I looked up Feeler in the Urban Dictionary:

Noun; Someone who feels that he or she is very important when, in fact, he or she is
not:
“Person 1: OMG! Did you see how Kate acted at Matt’s party?!
Person 2: I KNOW! She’s such a feeler.”
A schoolyard word children use when name calling one another in that immature growth
period of around 7-10 years:
‘You are such a feeler.’
‘Get away from me you feeler.’
‘Amanda Owens is such a feeler!’
Yes, I know it’s the Urban Dictionary, but it nicely demonstrates my point that there is a
belief out there that Feelers can’t be trusted to be consistently rational.

I swallowed that view hook, line, and sinker. When I found out I was an INFJ, I was not
pleased to be just another female Feeler. “Does that mean I have to hang out with
gaggles of women and weep into my wine glass every time my husband forgets to buy
me flowers?” This thought literally passed through my head.
Feelings Buried Alive Never Die
As you see, finding out I was a Feeler traumatized me a bit – yet it didn’t. It explained so
much of who I am and why I struggled to deny feelings that kept resurfacing. I started to
give myself permission to be as overwrought as I needed (or wanted) to be. I could get
pissed off if my husband forgot Valentine’s Day, even if it was only a ruse to get a
bigger box of chocolates. And I had the ability to empathize with others without worrying
about my pragmatic facade.

In the last two years, I learned that the reason I struggled with personal growth was due
to my inability to process the emotions that kept coming up. Feelings buried alive never
die; they just keep festering. A festering wound puts a burden on the whole system.

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I view life as a video game with multiple levels. You can’t level up in a video game until
you successfully conquer all the challenges in the preceding level. By burying every bit
of trauma and grief that I had ever experienced, I prevented myself from leveling up.
Basically, I kept shooting myself in the foot. I thought it made people respect me more
when I kept myself under tight control. In reality though, I was a limping, festering,
anxiety-ridden pile of goo with a mask of Spock-like indifference. Did I at least have the
respect of others for my cold indifference? Not really. One friend called me a neurotic
mess. And another said I clearly needed to get laid.
After settling into the reality of being a Feeler, the floodgates opened and all the stuff I
had kept buried resurfaced. My thoughts on a daily basis were, “I don’t know what’s
wrong with me! I’m freaking out!” I think my INTJ husband may have developed a facial
twitch during this time.

Then I decided to take a more proactive approach to my feelings. Instead of just riding
the waves of emotion and rolling over like a rudderless boat, I took control of the sails
and navigated the rough waters with intention. (See my video here for specifics as to
how I did this.)
Once I started working through the emotions as they came up, I began to heal. No
longer did I feel one step away from total annihilation. The desire to go out into an
empty field and shriek until I could shriek no more went away. I could deal with the
emotions of others in a healthy way because I knew how to address my own with grace.
The mask fell away, and the real me started to show through.

So, what have feelings done for me:

1. They have helped me heal.

2. They have helped me grow.
3. They have helped me deal with the emotions of others with empathy.
4. Developing emotional intelligence helps me navigate the world of emotions without fear
and dread. I have gained the knowledge that whatever comes my way will be handled,
which helps me gain confidence in my coping abilities.

Some Ideas For Working Through

Emotions
So, now that I have regaled you with the horrors of my emotional awakening have I only
managed to reinforce the belief that Feelers are unstable?

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If so, you aren’t seeing the whole picture. All the hangups I have battled over the last
few decades were a direct result of not acknowledging my emotional needs and
processing them efficiently. I firmly bought into the belief that Feelers were second class
citizens, so I denied myself the emotional expression I needed. Unprocessed and
misunderstood emotion got locked inside me and prevented me from actually becoming
a stable, mature, confident adult.
So, when a Feeler is having a meltdown or can’t make a decision because of a
withering lack of self-confidence, the worst thing you can do is tell them to “Get a hold of
themselves,” thereby giving them the indication that their feelings are a messy waste of
time.
Thinkers and Feelers alike need to acknowledge the importance of emotions when they
arise and get them out into the light of day. Analyze the feeling. Journal about it. Ask
yourself why you are feeling it. Study it from every angle. Dissect it like an insect in
Biology class.
Does that sound too technical for someone who is in the grip? Trust me, it works. It
allows you to immerse yourself in the emotion and explore it thoroughly. Often, this
action alone will help process long held pain points. It’s also beneficial to step outside
the emotion and see it objectively. Is this an emotion carried over from childhood? Is it
simply part of my ego and is it necessary? Or can I let this one go? Is this an emotion I
have picked up somewhere? Is it really mine and is it serving me well?
Sometimes I will imagine myself holding the emotion in my hand like an orb. All the stuff
attached to the

emotion is trapped inside the orb. I study it with interest, then when I decide it is time to
let it go I picture myself blowing on it. Does it pop? Or simply float away? That’s up to
you. Choose your own adventure.

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The world needs Feelers. Imagine how barren our world would be without the nurturing
capacity of Feelers. Think of the people in your life who have cried with you, held your
hand when you were experiencing a terrible time or talked you through a major crisis.
I’m not saying Thinkers can’t or won’t do those things. I’m just saying that it is usually
the Feelers of the world who are on the lookout for someone in emotional need. And
when they find them, they provide the necessary service to guarantee our society
maintains a measure of empathy and compassion.

Feelers can, and have, brought amazing things to this world. If you are a Feeler, give
yourself permission to work through your emotions instead of bottling them up. If you
are a Thinker, give the Feelers in your life the space and time they need to process
emotions when they come up.

A Feeler on their A-Game, unburdened by the festering wounds of buried emotion, can
get to a place where Feelings become a superpower. They know the importance of
them, but they also can recognize when someone is using them poorly. They will
support you all day if you are working through something, and they will tell you what you
need to do if you are spending too much time wallowing or playing the victim. The
emotionally mature Feeler is a rock. Completely stable and totally reliable. A place to
rest into when the world dissolves into chaos.

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Used Sources:

http://usefulenglish.ru

https://www.vocabulary.com

https://www.vocabulary.cl

https://personalityhacker.com

P.s. Make sure you learn and utilize words and

collocations in these articles.

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