Indefinite Integration

But just as much as it is easy to find the differential of a given quantity, so it is difficult to find the integral of a given differential. Moreover,
sometimes we cannot say with certainty whether the integral of a given quantity can be found or not. Bernoulli, Johann

If f & g are functions of x such that g(x) = f(x), then indefinite integration of f(x) with respect to x is
defined and denoted as  f(x) dx = g(x) + C, where C is called the constant of integration.

Standard Formula:
 ax  b 
n 1

(i)  (ax + b)n dx = + C, n  1

a  n  1

dx 1
(ii)  = n |ax + b| + C
ax  b a

1 ax+b
(iii)  eax+b dx =
a
e +C

1 ap x  q
(iv)  apx+q dx =
p na
+ C; a > 0

1
(v)  sin (ax + b) dx =  cos (ax + b) + C
a

1
(vi)  cos (ax + b) dx =
a
sin (ax + b) + C

1
(vii)  tan(ax + b) dx =
a
n |sec (ax + b)| + C

1
(viii)  cot(ax + b) dx =
a
n |sin(ax + b)| + C

1
(ix)  sec² (ax + b) dx =
a
tan(ax + b) + C

1
(x)  cosec²(ax + b) dx = –
a
cot(ax + b)+ C

1
(xi)  sec (ax + b). tan (ax + b) dx =
a
sec (ax + b) + C

1
(xii)  cosec (ax + b). cot (ax + b) dx = –
a
cosec (ax + b) + C

 x
(xiii)  secx dx = n |secx + tanx| + C OR n tan 4  2 + C
 

x
(xiv)  cosec x dx = n |cosecx  cotx| + C OR n tan + C OR  n |cosecx + cotx| + C
2

dx x
(xv)  a x
2 2
= sin1
a
+C
 dx 1 x
(xvi)  a x22
=
a
tan1 + C
a

dx 1 x
(xvii)  x x a 2 2
=
a
sec1
a
+C

dx x
(xviii)  x a2 2
= n x  x 2  a2 +C OR sinh1
a
+C

dx x
(xix)  x a2 2
= n x  x 2  a2 + C OR cosh1
a
+C

dx 1 a x
(xx)  a x22
=
2a
ln
ax
+C

dx 1 x a
(xxi)  x a22
=
2a
ln
xa
+C

x a2 x
(xxii)  a2  x 2 dx =
2
a2  x 2 +
2
sin1 + C
a

x a2 x  x 2  a2
(xxiii)  x 2  a2 dx =
2
x 2  a2 +
2
n
a
+C

x a2 x  x 2  a2
(xxiv)  x 2  a2 dx = x 2  a2  n +C
2 2 a

eax
(xxv)  eax. sin bx dx = (a sin bx  b cos bx) + C
a  b2
2

eax
(xxvi)  eax. cos bx dx =
a2  b2
(a cos bx + b sin bx) + C

Theorems on integration
(i) C f(x).dx = C  f(x).dx

(ii)  (f(x)  g(x)) dx =  f(x)dx   g(x) dx

g(ax  b)
(iii)  f(x)dx  g(x) C1   f(ax  b)dx =
a
+ C2

 3x dx
6
Example # 1 Evaluate :

3 7
 3x dx =
6
Solution : x +C
7
  3 7 2 
  x  5x  4  
2
Example # 2 Evaluate :  dx
 x x
 3 7 2 
  x  5x  4  
2
Solution :  dx
 x x
7 2
x  5x dx –  4dx  
3 2
= dx + + dx + dx
x x
1
x x dx . – 4 .  1 . dx + 7 .   x 1/ 2 dx
3 2
= dx + 5 dx + 2.
x
x4 x3  x1/ 2  x4 5
= + 5. – 4x + 7 n | x | + 2   +C= + x3 – 4x + 7 n | x | + 4 x + C
4 3  1/ 2  4 3

2
x log2 3
Example # 3 Evaluate : dx

3x
Solution : We have,  2x log2 3 dx =  3x dx =
n3
+C

4x  5x
Example # 4 Evaluate :  7x
dx

4x  5x  4x 5x    4 x  5 x  (4 / 7)x (5 / 7)x
Solution :  7x
dx=   x  x  dx =
7 7          dx =
     
7 7 4
+
5
+C
n   n  
7 7
cos7x – cos8x
Example # 5 Evaluate :  1  2cos5x
dx

5x 5x
2 sin
cos7x – 2 sin cos8x
cos7x – cos8x 1
Solution : We have,  dx = 
2 2 dx
1  2cos5x 2 5x 5x
sin  2cos5x sin
2 2
 19x 9x   21x 11x 
 sin 2 – sin 2  –  sin 2 – sin 2 
1     dx
=
2  5x 15x 5x
sin  sin – sin
2 2 2
 19x 11x   21x 9x 
 sin  sin  –  sin  sin 
1  2 2   2 2 
=
2  15x
dx
sin
2
15x 15x
2sin cos 2x – 2sin cos3x
1 1 1
 dx =  cos2x – cos3x)dx =
= 2 2 sin2x – sin3x + C
2 15x 2 3
sin
2
x3
Example # 6 Evaluate :  dx
(x  1)2
x3 x3  1– 1 x3  1 1
Solution :  (x  1)2 dx =  (x  1)2 dx =  (x  1)2 dx –  (x  1)2 dx
(x  1)(x 2 – x  1) 1 x 2 – x  1) 1
=  (x  1)2
dx – 
(x  1)2
dx = 
(x  1)
dx – 
(x  1)2
dx

 3  1 x2 1
=   x – 2  x  1 dx –  (x  1) 2
dx =
2
– 2x + 3 n(x + 1) +
x 1
+C
 1
Example # 7 : Evaluate :  4  9x 2
dx

Solution : We have
1 1 1 1 1
 4  9x 2
dx = dx
9 4 =
9  (2 / 3) 2
 x2
dx
x 2

9
1 1  x  1  3x 
= . tan–1   +C= tan–1   + C
9 (2 / 3)  2 / 3  6  2 

Example # 8 : Evaluate :  cos x cos2x dx

1 1 1  sin3x 
Solution :  cos x cos2x dx =
2  2cos x cos2x dx =
2  (cos3x  cos x) dx =  3  sin x  + C
2  

Self Practice Problems :

1
 tan  1  sin x
2
(1) Evaluate : x dx (2) Evaluate : dx

Ans. (1) tanx – x + C (2) tanx – sec x + C

Integration by Substitution

If we substitute (x) = t in an integral then

(i) everywhere x will be replaced in terms of new variable t.
(ii) dx also gets converted in terms of dt.

cos x  x sin x
Example # 9 : Evaluate :  x(x  cos x)
dx

Solution : We have,
cos x  x sin x
 x(x  cos x)
dx

(x  cos x) – x  x sin x 1 1– sin x  1 1– sin x

=  x(x  cos x)
dx =   x – x  cos x  dx = x dx – 
x  cos x
dx

1 1
= x dx –  x  cos x d (x  cos x) = n|x| – n |x + cosx| + C.
( nx)n
Example # 10 : Evaluate :  x
dx

( nx)n 1 ( nx)n1
Solution : We have  x
dx =  ( nx)n
x
dx =  ( nx)n d( nx) =
n 1
C

(sin–1 x)3
Example # 11 : Evaluate :  1– x 2
dx

(sin–1 x)3 (sin–1 x)4

  (sin x) d(sin x) =
–1 3 –1
Solution : We have , dx = C
1– x 2 4
 x
Example # 12 : Evaluate : x 4
 2x 2  2
dx

Solution : We have,
x x dt
= x 4
 2x 2  2
dx =  (x )  2x 2  2
2 2
dx {Put x2 = t   x.dx =
2
}

1 1 1 1 1
  =
2  t  2t  2
2
dt =
2  (t  1)  1
2
dt =
2
tan–1 (t + 1) + C

1
= tan–1 (x2 + 1) + C
2

(f(x))n 1
Note: (i)  [ f(x)]n f (x) dx = +C
n 1
f  (x) (f(x))1n
(ii)   f (x)
n
dx =
1 n
+C,n1

dx
(iii)  ; nN Take xn common & put 1 + x n = t.
x (xn  1)
dx
(iv)  (n 1)
; n  N, take xn common & put 1 + xn = tn
x 2
 x 1
n n

dx
(v)   ; take xn common as x and put 1 + xn = t.
 
1/ n
x 1 x
n n

Self Practice Problems :

sec 2 x sin( nx)
(3) Evaluate :  1  tan x dx (4) Evaluate :  x
dx

Ans. (3) n |1 + tan x| + C (4) –cos (n x) + C

Integration by Parts : Product of two functions f(x) and g(x) can be integrated using formula :
 d 
  f(x) g(x) dx = f(x)   g(x) dx –    f(x)   g(x) dx  dx
 dx
(i) when you find integral  g(x) dx then it will not contain arbitarary constant.

(ii)  g(x) dx should be taken as same at both places.

(iii) The choice of f(x) and g(x) can be decided by ILATE guideline.
the function will come later is taken an integral function (g(x)).
  Inverse function
L  Logarithmic function
A  Algebraic function
T  Trigonometric function
E  Exponential function

 sec
–1
Example # 13 : Evaluate : x dx
Solution : Put sec–1 x = t so that x = sec t and dx = sec t tan t dt
 sec  t(sec t tan t)dt = t (sect) –  1.sec t dt
–1
 x dx =
 

= t sec t – n |sect + tan t)| + C

= t sec t – n | sec t + sec 2 t – 1 | + C = x (sec–1x) – n |x + x2 – 1 | + C
Example # 14 : Evaluate : x n(1  x) dx

x2 1 x2
Solution : Let  =  x n(1  x) dx = .n (x + 1) –  x 1. 2 dx
2

x2 1 x2 x2 1 x2  1  1
=
2
n (x + 1) –
2  x 1 dx =
2
n (x + 1) –
2  x  1 dx
x2 1  x2  1 1  x2 1  1 
=
2
n (x + 1) –
2   x  1 x  1 
 dx =
2
n (x + 1) –
2   (x  1)  x  1 dx

x2 1  x2 
= n (x + 1) –   x  n | x  1| + C
2 2 2 

e
2x
Example # 15 : Evaluate : sin3x dx

Solution : Let  =  e2x sin3x dx

 cos3x   cos3x  1 2x 2
 = e2x   –  2e
  3  dx = – 3 e cos 3x + 3 e
2x 2x
cos3x dx
 3   
1 2  2x sin3x sin3x 
=– e2x cos 3x + e   2e2x dx 
3 3  3 3 
1 2x 2 2x 4
9 
=– e cos 3x + e sin 3x – e2x sin3x dx
3 9
1 2x 2 4 4 e 2x
 = – e cos 3x + e2x sin 3x –   + = (2 sin 3x – 3 cos 3x) 
3 9 9 9 9
13 e 2x e 2x
   = (2 sin 3x – 3 cos 3x)  = (2 sin 3x – 3 cos 3x) + C
9 9 13
Note :
(i)  ex [f(x) + f (x)] dx = ex. f(x) + C (ii)  [f(x) + xf (x)] dx = x f(x) + C

Example # 16 : Evaluate :  e
 x  2x  2 dx
x
2

 x  2
2
2

Solution : Given integral =  e

 x  2x  2 dx = e
2 
 1

 2x   = ex + C
 
x x
 2 2
 x  2 x  2 
x2  2  x  2
2 2
2
 

 1  sin x 
e
x
Example # 17 : Evaluate :  1  cos x  dx
 
 x x
 1  2sin cos
Given integral =  e x  2 2  dx
Solution : 
 x 
2sin2
 2 
1 2 x x x
e  2 cosec 2  cot 2  dx = – e cot
x
= x
+C
  2
  1 
Example # 18 : Evaluate :   n ( nx)   dx
( nx)2 
 1 
Solution : Let  =   n ( nx)  2 
dx {put x = et  dx = et dt}
 ( nx) 
 1  1 1 1
 = e  nt  2  dt e  nt  t  t  2  = dt
t t

 t   t 
 1  1 
= et  nt   + C = x  n ( nx)  +C
 t   nx 

Self Practice Problems :

 x sin x x e
2 x
(5) Evaluate : dx (6) Evaluate : dx

Ans. (5) – x cosx + sin x + C (6) x2 ex – 2xex + 2ex + C

dx dx
Integration of type  ax 2  bx  c ,  ax  bx  c
2
,  ax 2  bx  c dx

Express ax2 + bx + c in the form of perfect square & then apply the standard results.

Example # 19 : Evaluate :  x 2  2x  5 dx
Solution : We have,

 x 2  2x  5 =  x2  2x  1  4 dx =  (x  1)2  22
1 1
= (x + 1) (x  1)2  22 + . (2)2 n |(x + 1) + (x  1)2  22 | + C
2 2
1
= (x + 1) x2  2x  5 + 2 n |(x + 1) + x2  2x  5 | + C
2

dx
Example # 20 : Evaluate :  2  6x  9x 2
dx

dx 1 1  3x  1 
Solution :  2  6x  9x 2
dx =  3   3x  1
2
dx =
3
sin–1 
 3 
 +C

Self Practice Problems :

1 8x  11
(7) Evaluate :  2x 2
 x 1
dx (8) Evaluate :  5  2x  x 2
dx

1 2x  1 x 1
Ans. (7) n +C (8) –8 5  2x  x 2 – 3sin–1 +C
3 2x  2 6

Integration of type
px  q px  q
 ax 2  bx  c dx,  dx,  (px  q) ax2  bx  c dx
ax  bx  c
2

Express px + q = A (differential coefficient of denominator) + B.

 2x – 3
Example # 21 : Evaluate : x
 3x – 18
dx2

d
Solution : Let 2x – 3 =  (x2 + 3x – 18) + µ
dx
Then 2x – 3 =  (2x + 3) + 
Comparing the coefficients of like power of x, we get.
2 = 2, and 3 + µ = –3   = 1 and µ = – 6
2x – 3 2x  3 – 6 2x  3 1
So,  2 dx =  2 dx =  2 dx – 6  2 dx
x  3x – 18 x  3x – 18 x  3x – 18 x  3x – 18
1 1
= n|x2 + 3x – 18| – 6  dx = n |x2 + 3x – 18| – 6  2 2
dx
9 9  3 9
x 2  3x  – – 18
4 4 x  2 –  2
   
3 9
x –
= n|x + 3x – 18| – 6.
2
1
n 2 2 + C = n|x2 + 3x – 18| – 2 n x – 3 + C
9 3 9 3 x6
2  x 
2 2 2

2x  3
Example # 22 : Evaluate :  x  4x  1
2
dx

2x  3 (2x  4)  1 2x  4 1
Solution :  x  4x  1
2
dx =  x  4x  1
2
dx =  x  4x  1
2
dx –  x  4x  1
2
dx

dt 1
=  –  dx, where t = (x2 + 4x + 1) for Ist integral
 3
2
t
(x  2)  2

=2 t – n | (x + 2) + x2  4x  1 | + C = 2 x2  4x  1 – n | x + 2 + x2  4x  1 | + C

Example # 23 : Evaluate : x 1  x – x 2 dx
d
Solution : Let x =  . (1  x – x 2 ) + µ.
dx
 x =  (1–2x) + µ
Comparing the coefficients of like powers of x, we get
1 1 1 1
1 = – 2 and  + µ = 0   = – and µ =  x = – (1–2x) +
2 2 2 2
so, x 1  x – x 2 dx
 1 1 1 1
=  – 2 (1– 2x)  2  1  x – x 2 dx = –
2  (1– 2x) 1  x – x 2 dx +
2  1  x – x2 dx

2
1 1  5  1
2

= –  1 x – x d(1 + x – x ) +   –  x –  dx,
2 2

2 2  2   2
 2 2 
1  5  1 5 
2
1 1  1 –1 x – 1/ 2 
(1 + x –x2)3/2 +   x –  
1
=–  –  x –    sin +C
3 2 2 2   2   2  2  2  5 /2 
 

1 1  1 5  2x – 1  
= – (1 + x –x2)3/2 +  x –  1  x – x 2  sin–1   + C
3 2  2 8  5 
Self Practice Problems :
3  4x 6x  5
(9) Evaluate :  2x 2
 3x  1
dx (10) Evaluate :  3x 2  5x  1
dx

(11) Evaluate :  (x  1) 1  x  x 2 dx

Ans. (9) –n|2x2 – 3x + 1| + C (10) 2 3x2  5x  1 + C

1 3 9
(11) (x2 + x + 1)3/2 – (2x + 1) 1  x  x2 – log (2x +1 + 2 x2  x  1 ) + C
3 8 16
Integration of Rational Algebraic Functions by using Partial Fractions:
PARTIAL FRACTIONS :
f(x)
If f(x) and g(x) are two polynomials, then defines a rational algebraic function of x.
g(x)
f(x)
If degree of f(x) < degree of g(x), then is called a proper rational function.
g(x)
f(x)
If degree of f(x)  degree of g(x) then is called an improper rational function.
g(x)
f(x) f(x)
If is an improper rational function, we divide f(x) by g(x) so that the rational function is
g(x) g(x)
(x)
expressed in the form (x) + , where (x) and (x) are polynomials such that the degree of (x)
g(x)
f(x)
is less than that of g(x). Thus, is expressible as the sum of a polynomial and a proper rational
g(x)
function.

ax2  bx  c A B C
CASE-I   
(x –  )(x –  )(x –  ) x –  x –  x – 
ax 2  bx  c A B C
CASE-II   
(x – )(x – ) 2
x –  x –  (x – )2
ax2  bx  c A Bx  C
CASE-III   2
(x – )(x   ) x –  x   2
2 2

where A, B, C can be evaluated by subsitution or by comparing coefficients.

1
Example # 24 : Resolve into partial fractions.
2x  3x 2  3x  2
3

1 1
Solution : We have, =
2x3  3x 2  3x  2 (x  1)(x  2)(2x  1)
1 A B C
Let = + + . Then,
2x3  3x 2  3x  2 x 1 x  2 2x  1
  1 = A(x + 2)(2x + 1) + B(x – 1) (2x + 1) + C (x – 1)(x + 2) ..(i)
1
Putting x – 1 = 0 or x = 1 in (i), we get  A= ,
9
1
Putting x = –2 in (i), we obtain B=
9
1 4
Putting x = – in (i), we obtain C = –
2 9
1 1 1 1 4
  = = + –
2x  3x  3x  2
3 2 (x  1)(x  2)(2x  1) 9(x  1) 9(x  2) 9(2x  1)
 x3  6x 2  10x  2
Example # 25 : Resolve into partial fractions.
x 2  5x  6
Solution : Here the given function is an improper rational function. On dividing we get
x3  6x 2  10x  2 (  x  4)
=x–1+ 2 ...........(i)
x  5x  6
2
(x  5x  6)
x  4 x  4
we have, =
x 2  5x  6 (x  2)(x  3)
x  4 A B
So, let = + , then
(x  2)(x  3) x2 x3
– x + 4 = A(x – 3) + B(x – 2) ...........(ii)
Putting x – 3 = 0 or x = 3 in (ii), we get
1 = B(1)   B = 1.
Putting x – 2 = 0 or x = 2 in (ii), we get
2 = A (2 – 3)  A = – 2
x  4 2 1
   = +
(x  2)(x  3) x2 x3
x3  6x 2  10x  2 2 1
Hence =x–1– +
x  5x  6
2
x2 x3

3x  1
Example # 26 : Evaluate :  (x – 1) (x  1) dx
3

3x  1 A B C D
Solution : Let =    ......... (i)
(x – 1) (x  1)
3
x  1 (x – 1) (x – 1)2
(x – 1)3
Multiplying both sides by (x + 1) and then putting x = – 1, we get
–2 1
A= =
(–2)3 4
Multiplying both sides by (x – 1)3 and then putting x = 1, we get
4
D= =2
2
From (i) , we get
3x + 1 = A (x – 1)3 + B (x – 1)2 (x + 1) + C (x – 1) (x + 1) + D (x + 1)
putting x = 0, we get
1 = –A + B – C + D
1 –3
 1=– +B–C+2 B–C=
4 4
Putting x = 2, we get
7 = A +3B + 3C + 3D
1 3 1
 7 = + 3B + 3C + 6 3B + 3C =  B + C =
4 4 4
1 –3 1 1
Solving B + C = and B – C = , we get B = – , C =
4 4 4 2
Substituting the values of A, B, C and D in (i), we get
3x  1 1 1 1 1 2
  = . –  
(x – 1) (x  1) 4 x  1
3
4(x – 1) 2(x – 1) 2
(x – 1)3
3x  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
   (x – 1) (x  1) dx
3
= 
4  x  1dx – 4  x – 1dx  2  (x – 1) 2
dx  2  (x – 1) 3
dx 

1 1 1 1
= n |x + 1|– n|x – 1| – – C
4 4 2(x – 1) (x – 1)2
 1
Example # 27 : Evaluate :  sin x(2cos 2
x – 1)
dx

Solution : Putting cosx = t, we get

1 1 dt 1
I= 
sin x(2cos2 x – 1)
dx =  sin x(2t 2
– 1)
–
sin x
= –
(1– t )(2t 2 – 1)
2
dt

 1 2  1 1
 I = – 
 1– t
2
 2  dt = –
2t – 1   1– t 2
dt – 2  2t 2
–1
dt

1 1 t 2 2t – 1 1 1  cos x 1 2 cos x – 1
=– n – n +C= – n – n +C
2 1– t 2 2t  1 2 1– cos x 2 2 cos x  1

2x  3
Example # 28 : Resolve into partial fractions.
(x  1)(x 2  1)2
2x  3 A Bx  C Dx  E
Solution : Let = + + . Then,
(x  1)(x 2  1)2 x 1 x 2  1 (x 2  1)2
2x – 3 = A(x2 + 1)2 + (Bx + C) (x – 1) (x2 + 1) + (Dx + E) (x – 1) ......(i)
Putting x = 1 in (i), we get – 1 = A (1 + 1)2  A = –
Comparing coefficients of like powers of x on both side of (i), we have
A + B = 0, C – B = 0, 2A + B – C + D = 0, C + E – B – D = 2 and A – C – E = –3.
1
Putting A = – and solving these equations, we get
4
1 1 5 2x  3 1 x 1 x5
B= = C, D = and E =  = + +
4 4 2 (x  1)(x  1)
2 2
4(x  1) 4(x  1)
2
2(x 2  1)2

2x
Example # 29 : Resolve into partial fractions.
x3  1
2x 2x
Solution : We have, 3 =
x 1 (x  1)(x 2
 x  1)
2x A Bx  C
So, let =  .
(x  1)(x 2  x  1) x – 1 x2  x  1
Then, 2x = A (x2 + x + 1) + (Bx + C) (x – 1) ...(i)
2
Putting x – 1 = 0 or, x = 1 in (i), we get 2 = 3 A  A =
3
2
Putting x = 0 in (i), we get A – C = 0  C = A =
3
2 4 2
Putting x = – 1 in (i), we get –2 = A + 2B – 2 C.  –2= + 2B – B=–
3 3 3
2x 2 1 (– 2 / 3) x  2 / 3 2x 2 1 2 1 x
 = . + or 3 = +
x 1 3 x 1
3
x  x 1
2
x 1 3 x 1 3 x2  x  1

Self Practice Problems :

1 dx
(12) (i) Evaluate :  (x  2)(x  3) dx (ii) Evaluate :  (x  1)(x 2
 1)
x2 1 1
Ans. (12) (i) n +C (ii) n |x + 1| – n (x2 + 1) + tan–1 (x) + C
x3 2 2
Integration of type
x2  1
 x  K x2  1
4
dx where K is any constant.

1
Divide Nr & Dr by x² & put x = t.
x

x2  4
Example # 30 : Evaluate  x 4  16 dx
4
1 2
x2  4 1  4 dt
 x 4  16 dx =  2 16 dx =  t
Solution : x d x –  = ,
 x  (2 2)2
2 2
x  2 4
x x – x  8
 
4 1  t  1  x2 – 4 
where t = x– = tan–1   +C = tan–1   +C
x 2 2 2 2 2 2  2 2x 

x –1
Example # 31 : Evaluate :  (x  1) x3  x 2  x
dx

x2 – 1  Multiplying the 
Solution : =  dx Nr and Dr by (x  1)   
(x  1) 2
x x x
3 2
 
(x 2 – 1)
  =  (x  2x  1) x3  x2  x
2
dx

1
1– 2
=  x dx [Dividing Nr and Dr by x2)
 1  1
 x  x  2 x  x  1
 
2t dt 1 1
=  where, x + +1 = t2 = 2  2 dt   = 2tan–1 (t) + C
(t  1) t
2 2 x t 1
1
= 2 tan–1 x 1 C
x

Self Practice Problems :

x2  1
(13) Evaluate :  x 4  7x 2  1
dx (14) Evaluate :  tan x dx

1
x 3
1 x 1  y  1 y 2
Ans. (13) n +C (14) tan–1   + n +C
6 1
x 3 2  2 2 2 y 2
x
1
where y = tan x –
tan x

Integration of type
dx dx
(ax b) px q
OR   ax 2
 bx  c  px  q
.

Put px + q = t2.
 dx
Example # 32 : Evaluate :
  x  4 x5
dx
Solution : Let  =
  x  4 x5
{Put x + 5 = t2  dx = 2t dt}

2dt 2 t3 1 x 5 3
  =  t 2
9 
=
6
n
t3
+ C = ln
3 x5 3
+C

dx
Example # 33 : Evaluate :  x 2
 3x  2  x4
dx
Solution : Let  =  x 2
 3x  2  x4
2t dt
Putting x + 4 = t2, and dx = 2t dt, we get  =  {(t 2
 4)2  3(t2  4)  2} t2
dt dt  1 1 
  2 t 4
 5t  6 2
dt = 2  t 2

2 t 32

dt = 2  2 
 2  dt
t  3 t  2

1 t 3 1 t 2
= n – n + C where t = x4
3 t 3 2 t 2

Integration of type
dx 1 dx 1
(ax b) px 2

qx r
, put ax + b =
t
; (ax 2
b) px 2
q
, put x =
t

dx
Example # 34 : Evaluate (x  1)x 2
x  1
dx 1 1
Solution : Let  = (x  1)x 2
x  1
{put x – 1 =
t
dx = – 2 dt }
t
1
 dt
t2 dt dt
   = 1 1  1 
2
=  t  t  1
2
=   5 
2 2
1
 t  1   t  1  1     t  
t      2   2
 1
t 
= –sin–1  2  + C = –sin–1  2t  1  + C , where t = 1
 
 5   5  x 1
 
 2 

dx
Example # 35 : Evaluate  (1  x ) 1  x2
2

1 1 tdt
Solution : Put x =
t
 dx = – 2 dt
t
 =–  (t 2
 1) t 2  1
{put t2 – 1 = y2  tdt = ydy }

y dy 1  y 
   =–  (y 2
 2) y
=–
2
tan–1 
 2
 +C

1  1  x2 
=– tan–1  + C
2  2x 

Self Practice Problems :
dx dx
(15) Evaluate :  (x  2) x  1
(16) Evaluate :  (x  5x  6) x  1
2

dx dx
(17) Evaluate :  (x  1) 1  x  x 2
(18) Evaluate :  (2x  1) 1  x 2
2

dx
(19) Evaluate :  (x  2x  2) x 2  2x  4
2

 x 1
Ans. (15) 2 tan–1  x 1 + C  (16) 2 tan–1  
x  1 – 2 tan–1 
 + C
2 

3 1 
    1  x2 
 2 x 1 + C
1
(17) sin–1 (18) – tan–1   +C
 5  3  3 x 
   
 2 
1  x 2  2x  4  6 (x  1) 
(19) – n   +C
2 6  x 2  2x  4  6 (x  1) 
 
Integration of type
xα
 dx or   x  α  β  x  dx; put x =  cos2  +  sin2 
βx
xα
 dx or   x  α  x  β dx; put x =  sec2   tan2 
x β
dx
 x  α x  β ; put x  = t2 or x  = t2.

Self Practice Problems

x3 dx
(20) Evaluate :  x4
dx (21) Evaluate :  [(x  1)(2  x)]3 / 2
dx
(22) Evaluate :  [(x  2)8 (x  1)6 ]1/ 7
 x 1 2x 
Ans. (20) (x  3)(x  4) + n  x 3  x 4 + C  (21) 2
 2x
  +C
x  1 

1/ 7
7  x 1 
(22) +C
3  x  2 

Integration of trigonometric functions

dx dx dx
(i)  a  b sin2 x
OR 
a  b cos 2 x
OR  a sin2 x  b sin x cos x  c cos 2 x
Multiply Nr & Dr by sec² x & put tan x = t.

dx dx dx
(ii)  a  b sinx
OR  a  b cosx
OR  a  b sin x  c cos x
x
Convert sines & cosines into their respective tangents of half the angles and then, put tan =t
2
a.cos x  b.sin x  c
(iii)  .cos x  m.sin x  n
dx.

Express Nr  A(Dr) + B (Dr) + C & proceed.

 1  sin x
Example # 36 : Evaluate:  sin x(1  cos x) dx
1  sin x
Solution : Let I =  sin x(1  cos x) dx
2 tan x / 2 1– tan2 x / 2
Putting sinx = and , cos x = ,
1  tan2 x / 2 1  tan2 x / 2
we get
2 tan x / 2
1
1  tan2 x / 2 (1  tan2 x / 2  2tan x / 2)(1  tan2 x / 2)
I=   2 tan x / 2   1– tan2 x / 2 
dx = 
2tan x / 2(1  tan2 x / 2  1– tan2 x / 2)
dx
  1  
 1  tan2 x / 2   1  tan2 x / 2 
(1  tan x / 2)2 sec 2 x / 2 1  t 2  2t) x
=  4 tan x / 2
dx =
2t 
dt , where t = tan
2
1 1  1  t2  1  tan2 x / 2 
=
2   t  t  2  dt =  n | t |   2t  + C =
2  2 
 n | tan x / 2 | 
2  2
 2 tan x / 2 + C


dx
Example # 37 : Ev aluate :  sin x  3 cos x

Solution : Let 1 = rcos and 3 = r sin  r = (1)2  ( 3)2 = 2

tan = 3   = /3

dx 1 dx 1 dx
  sin x  3 cos x
=
r  sin x cos   cos x sin  =
r  sin(x  )
1 1 x  1  x 
=
r  cosec(x  )dx =
r
n tan     C =
2 2 2
n tan     C
2 6

3cos x  2
Example # 38 : Evaluate :  sin x  2cos x  3 dx

Solution : We have,

3cos x  2
=  sin x  2cos x  3 dx

Let 3 cos x + 2 =  (sin x + 2 cos x + 3) +  (cos x – 2 sin x) + 

Comparing the coefficients of sin x, cos x and constant term on both sides, we get

6 3 8
 – 2 = 0, 2 +  = 3, 3 +  = 2   = ,= and  = –
5 5 5
(sin x  2cos x  3)  (cos x  2sin x)  
 =  sin x  2cos x  3
dx

cos x  2sin x 1
  =  dx    sin x  2cos x  3 dx +   sin x  2cos x  3 dx

   =  x +  log | sin x + 2 cos x + 3 | +  1

1
where 1 =  sin x  2cos x  3 dx
 2 tan x / 2 1  tan2 x / 2
Putting, sin x = , cos x = , we get
1  tan2 x / 2 1  tan2 x / 2
1 1  tan2 x / 2
1 =  2 tan x / 2 2(1  tan2 x / 2) dx =  2tan x / 2  2  2tan2 x / 2  3(1  tan2 x / 2) dx
  3
1  tan2 x / 2 1  tan2 x / 2
sec2 x / 2
=  tan2
x / 2  2 tan x / 2  5
dx

x 1 x x
Putting tan = t and sec2 = dt or sec2 dx = 2 dt, we get
2 2 2 2
 x 
2dt dt 2  t  1   tan 2  1 
 1 =  2 =2  = tan–1  –1
 = tan  
t  2t  5 (t  1)2  22 2  2   2 
 
 x 
 tan 2  1 
Hence,  = x +  log | sin x + 2 cos x + 3 | +  tan–1   +C
 2 
 
6 3 8
where  = ,= and  = –
5 5 5

dx
Example # 39 : Evaluate : 
1  3cos2 x
Solution : Multiply Nr. & Dr. of given integral by sec2x, we get
sec 2 x dx 1  tan x 
=  tan x  4
2
=
2
tan–1 
 2 
 +C

Self Practice Problems :

4 sin x  5cos x
(23) Evaluate :  5 sin x  4cos x dx

40 9
Ans. (23) x+ log |5sinx + 4cosx| + C
41 41

Integration of type  sinm x. cosn x dx

Case - 
If m and n are even natural number then converts higher power into higher angles.
Case - 
 If at least one of m or n is odd natural number then if m is odd put cosx = t and vice-versa.
Case -
When m + n is a negative even integer then put tan x = t.

 cos
5
Example # 40 : Evaluate : x sin4 xdx

Let  =  cos 
5
Solution : x sin4 xdx put sinx = t cosx dx = dt

  =  (1  t 2 )2 . t4 . dt =  (t 4  2t 2  1) t4 dt =  (t 8  2t 6  t 4 ) dt

t9 2t 7 t5
= – + + C , where t = sinx
9 7 5
Example # 41 : Evaluate :  sec 4 / 3 x cosec 8 / 3 xdx
Solution : We have ,
1
 sec  cos  cos
–4 / 3
= 4/3
xcosec 8 / 3xdx = 4/3
dx = x sin–8 / 3 xdx
x sin8 / 3 x
divide Nr and Dr by cos4x
sec 4 x (1  tan2 x) 1  tan 2 x 1 t2
=  tan 8/3
x
dx =  tan8 / 3 x
sec2 xdx =  8/3
tan x
d(tan x) =  8 / 3 dt
t
where t = tan x

–3 –5/3 –3
=  (t –8 / 3  t –2 / 3 )dt = t + 3t1/3 + C = tan–5/3 x + 3 tan1/3 x + C
5 5

 sin
4
Example # 42 : Evaluate : x cos2 x dx

1 1
 sin  4sin  sin 2x (1 – cos2x)dx
4
Solution : x cos2 x dx = 2
x cos2 x.2sin2 xdx = 2
8 8
1 1 1 1
 sin 2xdx –  sin  (1  cos4x) dx 
2 2
= 2x cos2x dx = (sin2x)3
8 8 16 48
x sin 4x 1
=  – (sin2x)3 + C
16 64 48

Reduction formula of  tann x dx ,  cotn x dx ,  secn x dx ,  cosecn x dx

n =  tan  tan x tann 2 x  (sec x  1) tann – 2x dx

n 2 2
1. x dx = dx =

tann 1 x
  n =  sec x tann 2 x dx – n – 2  n = – n – 2 , n  2
2

n 1

2. n =  cotn x dx =  cot 2 x . cotn2 x dx =  (cosec x  1)cot

2 n 2
x dx

cot n 1 x
n =  cosec x cotn 2 x dx – n – 2  n = – – n – 2 , n  2
2

n 1

n =  sec  sec x secn 2 x dx

n 2
3. x dx =

 n = tanx secn – 2x –  (tan x)(n  2) secn – 3 x. secx tanx dx.

 n = tanx secn – 2 x – (n – 2) (sec2 x – 1) secn – 2x dx
tan x sec n 2 x n  2
 (n – 1) n = tanx secn – 2x + (n – 2) n – 2 n = + 
n 1 n 1 n–2

n =  cos ec x  cos ec
n 2
4. dx = x cosecn – 2 x dx

 n = – cotx cosecn – 2x +  (cot x)(n  2) (– cosecn – 3x cosec x cot x) dx

 – cotx cosecn – 2x – (n – 2)  cot 2 x cosecn2 x dx

 n = – cotx cosecn – 2x – (n – 2)  (cosec 2 x  1) cosecn – 2 x dx

 (n – 1) n = – cotx cosecn – 2 x + (n – 2) n – 2 
cot x cosec n 2 x n2
  n = + 
–  n  1 n 1 n–2
  cos
n
Example # 43 : Obtain the reduction formula for xdx

Let n =  cos
n
Solution : xdx


n = cos x (cosx)n–1 dx

  

 (n – 1)(cos x)
n2
n = (sinx)(cosx)n–1 – ( sin x)sin xdx

 (cos x)
n2
n =(sinx)(cosx)n–1 + (n – 1) (1  cos2 x)dx

 (cos x) 
n2
n = (sinx)(cosx)n–1 + (n – 1) dx  (n  1) (cos x)n dx

n = (sinx)(cosx)n–1 + (n – 1) n–2 – (n – 1) n

n + (n – 1)n = (sinx)(cosx)n–1 + (n – 1)n–2

(sin x)(cos x)n1 (n  1)

n =  n  2 , n  2
n n

Self Practice Problems :

dx dx
(24) Deduce the reduction formula for n =  (1  x 4 )n
and Hence evaluate 2 =  (1  x 4 )2
.

(25) If  m,n =  (sin x)m (cos x)n dx then prove that

(sin x)m1(cos x)n1 n 1

 m,n = + .
mn m  n m,n–2

x 4n  5
Ans. (24) n = + 
4(n  1)(1  x 4 )n1 4(n  1) n–1

  1  1 
 1  x  x  2 
x x  1 x
2 = +  tan1   n   + C
4 (1  x )
4
2 2 1
  2  4 2  x   2  
    x 
 
 Marked questions are recommended for Revision.

PART - I : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Section (A) : Integration using Standard Integral :
A-1. Integrate with respect to x :
(i) (2x + 3)5 (ii) sin 2x (iii) sec2 (4x + 5)

(iv) sec (3x + 2) (v) tan (2x + 1) (vi) 23x+4

1
(vii) (viii) e4x + 5
2x  1
A-2. Integrate with respect to x :
(i) sin2x (ii) cos3x (iii) sin 2x cos 3x
x 3x 1
(iv) 4 sin x cos cos (v)
2 2 x3  x2
Section (B) : Integration using Substitution :

B-1. Integrate with respect to x :

x ex  1
(i) x sin x2 (ii) (iii) sec2 x tan x (iv)
x 1
2
ex  x
1  sin x e2x cos2x  x  1 sec x
(v) (vi) (vii) (viii)
x  cos x e 2
2x
x 2  sin2x  2x n (sec x  tan x)
2
x  x 1 1
(ix) (x) e  x  (xi) (ex + 1)2 ex (xii)
x2  e  
x x 1
5

1 x2  8
(xiii) 1
(xiv)
x4
x 5 (1  x 5 )5
d(x 2  1)
B-2. Find the value of  (x 2  2)
.

B-3. Evaluate the following :

 x 
 x cos x  sin x   x  1  ln(x  1) 
(i)  
 x sin x  dx

(ii)  
 x(ln(x  1)) 
 dx
 
Section (C) : Integration by parts :
C-1. Integrate with respect to x :
(i) x n x (ii) x sin2x (iii) x tan–1 x (iv) n x
2 x tan1 x
2
(v) sec3x (vi) 2x3 e x (vii) sin–1 x (viii)
1  x2
(ix) ex sin x (x) ex (sec2x + tan x)

C-2. Find the antiderivative of f(x) = ln (ln x) + (ln x)–2 whose graph passes through (e, e).
Section (D) : Algebraic integral :
D-1. Integrate with respect to x :
1 1 1
(i) (ii) (iii)
x2  4 x2  5 x 2  2x  5
2x  1 x3 1 1
(iv) (v) (vi)
x  3x  4
2
x3  x x 4
2

(vii) x2  4 (viii) x2  2x  5 (ix) (x – 1) 1  x  x2

(x) x5 a3  x3

D-2. Integrate with respect to x :

1 1
(i) (ii)
(x  1)(x  2) (x  1)(x  3)
2

3x  2 1
(iii) (iv)
(x  1)2 (x  2) (x  1)(x  2)(x  3)

D-3. Integrate with respect to x :

1 1  x2 1  x2
(i) (ii) (iii)
x4  x2  1 1 x4 1  x2  x4

D-4. Integrate with respect to x :

1 1
(i) (ii)
(x  1) x  2 (x  4) x  1
2

1 1
(iii) (iv)

(x  1) x  2 (x  1) x   2
2

D-5. Evaluate the following :

 1 x   x  1  x 1 x 
(i)   x  dx
 
(ii)   x  1  dx
 
(iii)  
 1 x
 dx


Section (E) : Integration of trigonometric functions :

E-1. Integrate with respect to x :
1 1 2sin x  2cos x
(i) (ii) (iii)
2  cos x 2  cos x 3cos x  2sin x
1 1 cosec 2 x.sin x sin4 x
(iv) (v ) (vi) (vii)
1  sin x  cos x 2  sin2 x (sin x  cos x) cos2 x

E-2. Evaluate the following

 sin x  cos x   cos x  sin x 

(i)   9  16 sin2x  dx (ii)   8  sin2x 
 dx

cos3 x  9 5

E-3. If  sin11 x
dx = – 2 

A tan 2
x  B tan 2
x  + C, then find A and B.

Section (F) : Reduction formulae
1 x 2n  3
F-1. If n =  (x 2
a )
2 n
dx then prove that In = 2 n 1
2a (n  1)(x  a )
2 2

2(n 1)a 2
n–1

2an 2xn (a  x)3 / 2

F-2. If n =  x (a – x)1/2dx then prove that n = n–1 –
n

2n  3 2n  3

PART - II : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE

Section (A) : Integration using Standard Integral :

A-1. Integrate with respect to x : x  1

(x  1)3 / 2 3(x  1)3 / 2 (x  1)3 / 2 2(x  1)3 / 2
(A) +C (B) +C (C) +C (D) +C
2 2 3 3

1
A-2 Integrate with respect to x :
2x  1
1
 2x  1
3/2
(A) 2x  1 + C (B) +C (C) – 2x  1 + C (D) +C
 2x  1
3/2

1 x 
A-3. If  1  sin x
dx = tan   a  + C, then
 2 
  5 
(A) a = – , C  R (B) a = , C  R (C) a = ,CR (D) a = ,CR
4 4 4 3
1
A-4. If  (sin2x  cos2x) dx =
2
sin (2x – a) + C, then

5 5  
(A) a = ,CR (B) a = – ,CR (C) a = ,CR (D) a = ,CR
4 4 4 2
cos 2x
A-5. The value of  dx is equal to
cos x
(A) 2 sin x – n |sec x + tan x| + C (B) 2 sin x – n |sec x – tan x| + C
(C) 2 sin x + n |sec x + tan x| + C (D) sin x – n |sec x – tan x| + C

cos 4x  1
A-6. If  cot x  tan x
dx = A cos 4x + B; where A & B are constants, then

(A) A =  1/4 & B may have any value (B) A =  1/8 & B may have any value
(C) A =  1/2 & B =  1/4 (D) A = B = 1/2

Section (B) : Integration using Substitution :

x
a
B-1. The value of  x
dx is equal to
x
a 2a x x x
(A) +C (B) +C (C) 2a . n a + C (D) 2a +C
x n a
x

5
55 x
B-2. The value of . 55 . 5x dx is equal to
x 5x 5x
55 55
x
55 55
(A) +C (B) 5 (n 5) + C
3
(C) +C (D) +C
( n 5)3 ( n 5)3 ( n 5)2
 tan x
B-3. The value of  sin x cos x
dx is equal to

tan x
(A) 2 tan x + C (B) 2 cot x + C (C) +C (D) tan x + C
2

2x
B-4. If  1  4x
dx = K sin–1 (2x) + C, then the value of K is equal to

1 1 1
(A) n 2 (B) n 2 (C) (D)
2 2 n 2

dx
B-5. If y =  and y = 0 when x = 0, then value of y when x = 1, is:
1  x 
3/2
2

2 1
(A) (B) 2 (C) 3 2 (D)
3 2
B-6. The value of  tan3 2 x sec 2 x dx is equal to :
1 1 1 1
(A) sec3 2 x  sec 2 x + C (B)  sec3 2 x  sec 2 x + C
3 2 6 2
1 1 1 1
(C) sec3 2 x  sec 2 x + C (D) sec3 2 x + sec 2 x + C
6 2 3 2

 
1/ 2
x . 1  x5 / 2
13 / 2
B-7. If dx = P (1 + x 5/2)7/2 + Q (1 + x5/2)5/2 + R (1 + x5/2)3/2 + C, then P,Q and R are
4 8 4 4 8 4
(A) P = ,Q=– ,R= (B) P = ,Q= ,R=
35 25 15 35 25 15
4 8 4 4 8 4
(C) P = – ,Q=– ,R= (D) P = ,Q=– ,R=–
35 25 15 35 25 15

1  x7
B-8. The value of  x 1  x  dx is equal to
7

2 2
(A) n |x| + n |1 + x7| + C (B) n |x|  n |1  x7| + C
7 7
2 2
(C) n |x|  n |1 + x7| + C (D) n |x| + n |1  x7| + C
7 7
Section (C) : Integration by parts :
C-1. The value of  (x  1) e x dx is equal to
(A) –xex + C (B) xex + C (C) – xe–x + C (D) xe–x + C

 1  x  x2 
e
1
tan x
C-2. The value of   dx is equal to
 1 x 
2

1 1 1 1 1
(A) x etan x
+C (B) x2 etan x
+C (C) etan x
+C (D) x ecot x
+C
x
C-3. The value of  [f(x)g(x)  f (x)g(x)] dx is equal to
f(x)
(A) +C (B) f(x) g(x) – f(x) g(x) + C
g(x)
(C) f(x) g(x) – f(x) g(x) + C (D) f(x) g(x) + f(x) g(x) + C
 x nx
C-4.  dx equals
x 
3/2
2
1
nx nx
(A) arc sec x  C (B) sec 1 x  C
x 12
x2  1
nx nx
(C) cos1 x  C (D) sec x  C
x2  1 x2  1

C-5. The value of  (x en sin x  cos x) dx is equal to:

(A) x cos x + C (B) sin x  x cos x + C (C)  en x cos x + C (D) sin x + x cos x + C

Section (D) : Algebraic integral :

dx
D-1. The value of x 2
 x 1
is equal to

3  2x  1  2  2x  1 
(A) tan–1   +C (B) tan–1   +C
2  3  3  3 
1  2x  1  2  2x  1 
(C) tan–1   +C (D) tan–1   +C
3  3  3  3 
1
D-2. The value of  x (x  1)3 / 4
2 4
dx is equal to

1/ 4 1/ 4 1/ 4
 1  1  1
(A)  1  4  +C (B) (x4 + 1)1/4 + C (C)  1  4  +C (D) –  1  4  +C
 x   x   x 

dx
D-3. The value of x 1  x3
is equal to

1 1  x3  1 1 1  x2  1
(A) n +C (B) n +C
3 1  x3  1 3 1  x2  1
1 1 1
(C) n +C (D) n|1 – x3 | + C
3 1 x 3 3

ex  1
D-4. The value of  ex  1
dx is equal to


(A) n ex  e2x  1 – sec–1 (ex) + C   
(B) n ex  e2x  1 + sec–1 (ex) + C

(C) n  e x
 e2x  1 – sec –1
(ex) + C (D) n  e x
 e2x  1 – sin –1
(ex) + C

dx A B x
D-5. If x x3
4
= 2
x
+
x
+ n
x 1
+ C, then

1 1 1 1 1
(A) A = , B = 1 (B) A = 1, B = – (C) A = – ,B=1 (D) A = – ,B=
2 2 2 2 2
Section (E) : Integration of trigonometric functions :
cos2x
E-1. The value of  (sin x  cos x) 2
dx is equal to

1
(A) +C (B) n (sin x + cos x) + C
sin x  cos x
(C) n (sin x – cos x) + C (D) n (sin x + cos x)2 + C
E-2 The value of  [1  tan x . tan(x  )] dx is equal to
sinx sin x
(A) cos  . n +C (B) tan  . n +C
sin(x  ) sin(x   )
sec(x  ) cos(x  )
(C) cot  . n +C (D) cot  . n +C
sec x cos x

E-3. The value of  sec x  1 dx is equal to

 x x 1  x x 1
(A) 2 n  cos  cos 2   + C (B) n  cos  cos2   + C
 2 2 2   2 2 2 
 
 x x 1  x x 1
(C) –2 n  cos  cos2   + C (D) –2 n  sin  cos2   + C
 2 2 2   2 2 2 
 
dx
E-4. The value of  cos
x sin2x3
is equal to

 1   1 
(A) 2  cos x  tan5 / 2 x  + C (B) 2  tan x  tan5 / 2 x  + C
 5   5 
 1   1 
(C) 2  tan x  tan5 / 2 x  + C (D) 2  cos x  tan5 / 2 x  + C
 5   5 

sin2 x
E-5. Antiderivative of w.r.t. x is :
1  sin2 x

(A) x 
2
2
arctan  
2 tan x + C (B) x 
1
2
 tan x 
arctan 
 2 
 +C

(C) x  2 arctan  
2 tan x + C (D) x  2 arctan 
 tan x 
 2 
 +C

1
E-6. Integrate
1  cot x
1 1 1 1
(A) log | sin x  cos x |  x  C (B) log | sin x  cos x |  x  C
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
(C) log | sin x  cos x |  x  C (D) log | sin x  cos x |  x  C
2 2 2 2

dx
E-7. I =  sin x  sec x is equal to

1 3  sinx - cosx
(A) log  tan1 (sinx + cosx)  C
2 3 3  (sinx - cosx)
1 3  sinx - cosx
(B) log  tan1 (sinx - cosx)  C
2 3 3  (sinx - cosx)
1 3  sinx + cosx
(C) log  tan1 (sinx + cosx)  C
2 3 3  (sinx - cosx)

1 3  sinx - cosx
(D) log  tan1 (sinx + cosx)  C
2 3 3  (sinx + cosx)
Section (F) : Reduction formulae
ex e x 1
F-1. If n =  xn dx and  n =
k 1x n 1

k2  1
n–1 , then (k2 – k1) is equal to :

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

 u2 u9 
If n =  cot x
dx and 0 + 1 + 2 (2 + .....+ 8) + 9 + 10 = A  u   .....   + C, where u = cotx
n
F-2.
 2 9
and C is an arbitrary constant, then
(A) A = 2 (B) A = – 1 (C) A = 1 (D) A is dependent on x

PART - III : MATCH THE COLUMN

1. Column – I Column – II
x  sin x 
(A) If F(x) =  1  cos x dx and F(0) = 0, then the value of F(/2) is (p)
2

 x  
Let F(x) =  esin
1

1 
x
(B)  dx and F(0) = 1, (q)
 1  x2  3

k 3 e / 6
If F(1/2) = , then the value of k is

dx 
(C) Let F(x) =  (x 2
 1) (x 2  9)
and F(0) = 0, (r)
4
5
if F( 3 ) = k, then the value of k is
36
tan x
(D) Let F(x) =  sin x cos x dx and F(0) = 0 (s) 

2k
if F(/4) = , then the value of k is

dx
2. If I = ab cos x
, where a, b > 0 and a + b = u, a – b = v, then match the following column

Column – I Column – II
x
u v tan
1 2 +C
(A) v=0 (p) = n
uv x
u– v tan
2

2  v x 
(B) v>0 (q) = tan–1  tan  + C
 u 2
uv  
x
u  –v tan
1 2 +C
(C) v<0 (r) = n
–u v u – –v tan
x
2
2 x
(s) tan +C
u 2
 Marked questions are recommended for Revision.

PART - I : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE

1
1. Value of  sin (x  a) cos (x  b)
dx is equal to

1 sin (x  a) 1 cos (x  b)
(A) n +C (B) n +C
cos (a  b) cos (x  b) cos (a  b) sin (x  a)

1 sin (x  a) 1 cos (x  a)
(C) n +C (D) n +C
sin (a  b) cos (x  b) sin (a  b) sin (x  b)

2.  tan x. tan 2x. tan 3x dx =

1 1
(A)  n | cos x |  n | sec 2x |  n | sec 3x | + C
2 3
1 1
(B)  n | sec x |  n | sec 2x |  n | sec 3x | + C
2 3
(C) n | cos x |  n | cos2x |  n | cos 3x | + C
1 1
(D) n | sec x |  n | sec 2x |  | sec 3x | + C
2 3

3. The value of  (sin x. cos x. cos 2x. cos 4x. cos 8x. cos 16 x) dx is equal to

sin 16 x cos 32 x cos 32 x cos 32 x

(A) +C (B)  +C (C) +C (D)  +C
1024 1024 1096 1096

a2  x 2
4.  x
a2  x 2
dx =

1 2  x2  1 1  x2 
(A) a cos 1  2 + a4  x 4 + C (B) sin 1  2 + a4  x 4 + C
2 a  2 2 a 
1 2  x2  1 1  x2  1
(C) a sin 1  2  + a4  x 4 + C (D) cos 1  2  + a4  x 4 + C
2 a  2 2 a  2

x 1 1
5. The value of  .
x  1 x2
dx is equal to

1 x2 1 x2 1 1
(A) sin 1 + +C (B) + cos 1 + C
x x x x
x2 1 x2 1
(C) sec 1 x  +C (D) tan 1 x2 1  +C
x x
 n |x|
6. The value of  x 1  n |x|
dx equals :

2 2
(A) 1  n x (nx 2) + C (B) 1  n x (nx+ 2) + C
3 3
1
(C) 1  n x (nx 2) + C (D) 2 1  n x (3 nx 2) + C
3
1
7. The value of  [(x  1) (x  2) ] 3 5 1/ 4
dx is equal to

1/ 4 1/ 4 1/ 4 1/ 4
4  x 1  4  x  2 1  x 1  1  x  1
(A) +C (B) +C (C) +C (D) +C
3  x  2  3  x  1  3  x  2  3  x  1 

1 x
8. The value of  1 x
dx is equal to

(A) x 1 x  2 1  x + cos 1  x + C (B) x 1  x + 2 1  x + cos 1  x + C

(C) x 1  x  2 1  x  cos 1  x + C (D) x 1 x + 2 1  x  cos  x  + C
1

x
9.  sin1
ax
dx is equal to

x x
(A) (a + x) arc tan  ax + C (B) (a + x) arc tan  ax + C
a a
x x
(C) (a – x) arc tan  ax + C (D) (a + x) arc cot  ax + C
a a

 x  x  dx is equal to :
x
e
10. The value of  x
(A) 2e x
[ x  x 1 ]  C (B) 2e x
[x  2 x  1 ]  C
(C) 2e x
[x  x  1 ]  C (D) 2e x
(x  x  1 )  C

2 A
 x (x )( n x)3 dx = Axnx(nx)2 – B xnx + C, then
nx
11. If I = is equal to :
B
(A) 1 (B) –1 (C) 2 (D) –2

12. The value of  etan  (sec  – sin ) d is equal to

(A)  etan  sin  + C (B) etan  sin  + C (C) etan  sec  + C (D) etan  cos  + C
  x 
13. The value of  ln(1  sin x)  x tan  4  2  dx is equal to:

(A) x n (1 + sinx) + C (B) n (1 + sin x) + C (C) – x n (1 + sin x)+C (D) n (1 – sin x) + C


n x  1 x 2  dx equals:
14. The value of  x. 1 x 2

(A) 1  x 2 n x  1 x 2   x+C (B)

x
2

. n2 x  1 x 2   x
1  x2
+C

(C)
x
2

. n2 x  1 x 2 + x
1 x 2
+C (D) 
1  x 2 n x  1 x 2  + x+C
 x tan1 x
15. If  1 x 2
dx = 1  x 2 f(x) + A n |x + x2  1 | + C, then
(A) f(x) = tan–1 x, A = –1 (B) f(x) = tan–1 x, A = 1
(C) f(x) = 2 tan–1 x , A = –1 (D) f(x) = 2 tan–1 x, A = 1

x  x 1
16.  x2
dx is equal to

(A) (x+ 1) – 2 x  1  2 nx + 2 2tan 1 x 1 +C

(B) (x+ 1) + 2 x  2  2 nx + 2 2tan 1 x  2+C
(C) (x+ 1) + 2 x  1  2 nx + 2 2tan 1 x  1+ C
(D) (x+ 1) + 2 x  2  2 nx + 1 2tan 1
x  2+C

1  cos x
17. The value of  cos   cos x
dx, where 0 <  < x < , is equal to

  x   x
(A) 2 n  cos  cos  + C (B) 2 n  cos  cos  + C
 2 2   2 2 
  x  cos x 
(C) 2 2 n  cos  cos  + C (D)  2 sin 1  2 +C
 2 2  cos  
 2

sin x  sin3 x
18. If  =  cos2x dx = A cosx + B n |f(x)| + C, then
1 – 1 2 cos x – 1 1 –3 2 cos x – 1
(A) A= ,B= , f(x) = (B) A=– ,B= , f(x) =
4 2 2 cos x  1 2 4 2 2 cos x  1
1 3 2 cos x  1 1 – 3 2 cos x – 1
(C) A=– ,B= , f(x) = (D) A= ,B= , f(x) =
2 2 2 cos x – 1 2 4 2 2 cos x  1

1
19. The value of  cos x  sin6 x
6
d x is equal to

(A) tan 1 (tan x + cot x) + C (B)  tan 1 (tan x + cot x) + C

(C) tan 1 (tan x  cot x) + C (D)  tan 1 (tan x  cot x) + C

20. Consider the following statements :

S1 : The antiderivative of every even function is an odd function.
3 x4  1 x
S2 : Primitive of w.r.t. x is + C.
x  x4  x  1
2
4
 x 1
1 2
S3 :  3
sin x cos x
dx =
tan x
+ C.

 ax ax 
S4 : The value of     dx is equal to – 2 a2  x 2 + C
 ax a  x 

State, in order, whether S1, S2, S3, S4 are true or false
(A) FFTT (B) TTTT (C) FFFF (D) TFTF
1 2k
21. If n =  (sinx  cos x) ndx , snd n = (sinx + cosx)n–1 (sinx – cosx) + n–2 then k =
n n
(A) (n+ 1) (B) (n – 1) (C) (2n+ 1) (A) (2n– 1)
 PART-II: NUMERICAL VALUE QUESTIONS
INSTRUCTION :
 The answer to each question is NUMERICAL VALUE with two digit integer and decimal upto two digit.
 If the numerical value has more than two decimal places truncate/round-off the value to TWO decimal
placed.
* In each question C is arbitrary constant
2sin x  sin2x
1. If f(x) =  x3
dx, where x  0, then Limit f  (x) has the value
x0

1  1  k
2. If  sin4 x cos4 x dx = 
k 
a x  sin 4 x  . sin 8 x   C then value of
8  a
is

3x  2
3. Let f(x) be the primitive of w.r. to x. If f(10) = 60 then value of f(11) is.
x 9

   
3/2
4  x2 a  x2 . x2  b
4. If  x6
dx =
120 x5
+ C then a2 + b2 equals to :

x  x3 / 2 
5. If  a3  x 3
dx = k sin 1
 3 / 2  + C, then k equals to.
a 
x dx
6. If  =k 1  1  x 2 + C then k4 equals to :
1 x 
3
1  x2  2

x cos3 x  sin x
7. If  esin x .
cos2 x
dx = esinx f(x) + C such that f(0) = –1 then value of f(4) is

1  2cos x 
8. Let g(x) =  (cos x  2) 2
dx and g(0) = 0 then value of g   is.
2

9. If f(x) = x  1 ; g(x) = ex and  fog(x)dx = Afog(x) + Btan –1

(fog(x)) + C then A3 + B2 equals

2 sin 2   cos  p2 + q2
    
2 1
10. If d = p n sin 4 sin 5 + q tan (sin r) + C then value of is
6  cos2   4 sin  r

(x  1)2 1  x2  1 b  2 x2  1
11. If  x4  x2  1
dx = tan 1

x 3    tan 1


 + C then a + b equals to :

2 2

a   a 3

1  x cos x x 2 e2 sin x
12. If  x 1  x 2
e2 sin x 
dx = k n
1  x 2 e2 sin x
 C then k is equal to :

x4  1 B
13. If  dx = A n x + + C, then A + B equals to :
  1  x2
2
x x 12

14. If 
1
1  sin x
4
dx =
1
a b
tan 1  a tan x +  1
b
tan x + C then value of a3 + b3 is:
 cos3 x  cos5 x q p  2r
15. If  sin x  sin x
2 4
dx = p sin x –
sin x
– r tan–1 (sinx) + C then value of
q
is

dx
16. If  = a cot x + b tan3 x + C, where C is an arbitrary constant of integration, then the
3 5
sin x cos x
values of a2 + 10b equals to :

PART - III : ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE

* In each question C is arbitrary constant

1. The value of  2mx. 3nx dx (when m, n  N) is equal to :

2mx  3nx e  m n 2  n n3 x
2mx . 3nx mn . 2x . 3x
(A) + C (B) + C (C) +C (D) +C
m n2  n n3 m n2  n n3 n 2m .3n   m n2  n n3

 1 x 
2. If f   = x and g(x) = f(x) dx then
 1 x  
(A) g(x) is continuous in domain (B) g(x) is discontinuous at two points in its domain
x2  1 x 
(C) lim g'(x) = –1
x 
(D)  g(x)dx  
2
 (2x  1) n 
 e 
C

1
 tan xdx = A tan4x –
5
3. If = tan2x +Bn|secx| + C then
2
1 1
(A) A = (B) A = (C) B = 1 (D) B = – 1
4 2

 {1 2tan x(tan x  sec x)}

1/ 2
4. The value of dx is equal to
(A) n |sec x (sec x – tan x)| + C (B) n |cosec x (sec x + tan x)| + C
(C) n |sec x (sec x + tan x)| + C (D) –n |cosx(sec x – tan x)|+ C
x 1 
n  
 x  1
5. The value of  x 1
2
dx is equal to

1 x 1 1 x 1 1 x 1 1 2 x 1
(A) n2 +C (B) n2 +C (C) n2 +C (D) n +C
2 x 1 4 x 1 2 x 1 4 x 1

n (tan x)
6. The value of  sin x cos x
dx is equal to

1 2 1 2
(A) n (cot x) + C (B) n (sec x) + C
2 2
1 1
(C) n2 (sin x sec x) + C (D) n2 (cos x cosec x) + C
2 2
cos3 x
7. The value of  sin2 x  sin x
d x is equal to :

(A) n sin x + sin x + C (B) n sin x  sin x + C

(C)  n cosec x  sin x + C (D)  n sin x + sin x + C
  x 1 dx f(x)
8. If x 2
2 x  2x  1
2
=
g(x)
+ C, where f(x) is a quadratic expression and g(x) is a monic linear

expression.
(A) f(x) = 2x2 – 2x + 1 (B) g(x) = x + 1 (C) g(x) = x (D) f(x) = 2x2 – 2x

9. If  e3x cos 4x dx = e3x (A sin 4x + B cos 4x) + C then :

(A) 4A = 3B (B) 2A = 3B (C) 3A = 4B (D) 4A + 3B = 1

sin1 x  cos1 x
10. I=  sin 1
x  cos1 x
dx equals to

2 2
(A) –x + (2x – 1)sin–1 x + x  x2 + C
 
4x 2 2
(B) x – cos–1 x– sin–1 x + x 1 x + C
  
2 2
(C) –x + (2x + 1)cos–1 x + x 1 x + C
 
4x
(D) x – sin–1 x +C


x2  x  1
11. If  ex dx = exf(x) + C then
1  x 
32
2

(A) f(x) is a an even function (B) f(x) is a bounded function

(C) Range of f(x) is (0, 1] (D) f(x) has two points of exterma.
4ex  6e x
12. If  9e
x
 4e x
dx = Ax + B n |9e2x – 4| + C, then

(A) A + 18B = 16 (B) 18B – A = 19 (C) A –18B = 17 (D) A + 18B = 32

x 2  cos2 x
13. The value of  1  x2
cosec2 x dx is equal to:

(A) cot x  cot 1 x + C (B) C  cot x + cot 1 x

cos ecx 1
(C)  tan 1 x  +C (D) – cot x + C
sec x tan1 x

dx  1
14. The value of  xx
;  x   is equal to

2 2

(A) 2 sin 1 x+C (B) sin 1 (2x  1) + C

(C) C  2 cos 1 (2x  1) (D) cos 1 2 x  x2  C

x3  1
15. x 3
x
dx is equal to

1
(A) x – n |x| + n (x2 + 1) – tan–1x + C (B) x – n |x| + n (x2 + 1) – tan–1x + C
2
1 x2  1
(C) x + n |x| + n (x2 + 1) + tan–1x + C (D) x + n + cot–1x + C
2 x2
16. The value of 2  sin x . cosec4x dx is equal to

1 1  2 sin x 1 1  sin x 1 1  2 sin x 1 1  sin x

(A) n – n + C (B) n – n +C
2 2 1  2 sin x 4 1  sin x 2 2 1  2 sin x 2 cos x

1 1  2 sin x 1 1  sin x 1 1  2 sin x 1 1  sin x

(C) n – n +C (D)  n  n C
2 2 1  2 sin x 4 1  sin x 2 2 1  2 sin x 4 1  sin x

3cot 3x  cot x
17. If  tan x  3 tan3x
dx = p f(x) + q g(x) + C, then which of the following may be correct?

1 3  tan x
(A) p = 1; q = ; f(x) = x; g(x) = n
3 3  tan x

1 3  tanx
(B) p = 1; q =  ; f(x) = x; g(x) = n
3 3  tanx
2 3  tanx
(C) p = 1; q =  ; f(x) = x; g(x) = n
3 3  tanx

1 3  tanx
(D) p = 1; q =  ; f(x) = x; g(x) = n
3 3  tanx
dx  x
18. If  5  4cos x
= P tan1  m tan 2  + C then :
 
(A) P = 2/3 (B) m = 1/3 (C) P = 1/3 (D) m = 2/3
sin2x
19. The value of  sin x  cos4 x
4
dx is equal to:

(A) cot 1 (cot2 x) + C (B)  cot 1 (tan2 x) + C (C) tan 1 (tan2 x) + C (D)  tan 1 (cos 2 x) + C

PART - IV : COMPREHENSION
Comprehension # 1 (Q.No. 1 to 3 )
Let n, m =  sinn x cosm x.dx . Then we can relate n, m with each of the following
(i) In – 2, m (ii) n + 2, m (iii) n, m – 2
(iv) n, m + 2 (v) n – 2, m + 2 (vi) n + 2, m – 2
Suppose we want to establish a relation between n, m and n, m – 2, then we set
P(x) = sinn + 1x cosm – 1x ...........(1)
In n,m and n, m – 2 the exponent of cosx is m and m – 2 respectively, the minimum of the two is m – 2,
adding 1 to the minimum we get m – 2 + 1 = m – 1. Now choose the exponent
m – 1 of cosx in P(x). Similarly choose the exponent of sin x for P (x)
Now differentiating both sides of (1), we get
P(x) = (n + 1) sinnx cosmx – (m – 1) sinn + 2x cosm – 2x
= (n + 1) sinnx cosmx – (m – 1) sinnx (1 – cos2x) cosm – 2x
= (n + 1) sinnx cosmx – (m – 1) sinnx cos m – 2 x + (m – 1) sinnx cosmx
= (n + m) sinnx cosmx – (m – 1) sinnx cosm – 2x
Now integrating both sides, we get
sinn + 1x cosm – 1x = (n + m) n, m – (m – 1) n, m – 2.
Similarly we can establish the other relations.
1. The relation between 4, 2 and 2, 2 is
1 1
(A) 4, 2 = (– sin3x cos3x + 32, 2) (B) 4, 2 = (sin3x cos3x + 32, 2)
6 6
1 1
(C) 4, 2 = (sin3x cos3x – 32, 2) (D) 4, 2 = (– sin3x cos3x + 22, 2)
6 6
2. The relation between 4, 2 and 6, 2 is
1 1
(A) 4, 2 = (sin5x cos3x + 86, 2) (B) 4, 2 = (– sin5x cos3x + 86, 2)
5 5
1 1
(C) 4, 2 = (sin5x cos3x – 86, 2) (D) 4, 2 = (sin5x cos3x + 86, 2)
5 5
3. The relation between 4, 2 and 4, 4 is 
1 1
(A) 4, 2 = (sin5x cos3x + 8 4, 4) (B) 4, 2 = (– sin5x cos3x + 8 4, 4)
3 3
1 1
(C) 4, 2 = (sin5x cos3x – 8 4, 4) (D) 4, 2 = (sin5x cos3x + 6 4, 4)
3 3
Comprehension # 2 (Q. No. 4 to 6)
It is known that
 sin x cos x 
  if 0x
 cos x sin x 2
tan x + cot x =  ,
  sin x  cos x 3
  cos x   sin x if x
 2
d
dx
 tan x  cot x  =
1
  
tan x  cot x (tan x + cot x) ,  x   0,
2 

2 

  ,

3 
2 

and
d
dx
 tan x  cot x =
1
2
   
tan x  cot x (tan x + cot x) ,  x   0,


2

  ,

3 
2 
.

   3 
4. Value of integral  =  ( tan x  cot x ) dx , where x   0 ,     , is
 2  2 
 tan x  cot x   tan x  cot x 
(A) 2 tan–1   + C (B) 2 tan–1   + C
 
 2   2 
 tan x  cot x   tan x  cot x 
(C) – 2 tan–1   + C (D) – 2 tan–1   + C
 
 2   2 

 
5. Value of the integral  =  ( tanx  cot x) dx , where x   0 ,  , is
 2
(A) 2 sin–1 (cos x – sin x) + C (B) 2 sin–1 (sin x – cos x) + C
(C) 2 sin–1 (sin x + cos x) + C (D) – 2 sin–1 (sin x + cos x) + C

 3 
6. Value of the integral  =  ( tanx  cot x) dx , where x    , , is
 2 
(A) 2 sin–1 (cos x – sin x) + C (B) 2 sin–1 (sin x – cos x) + C
(C) 2 sin–1 (sin x + cos x) + C (D) – 2 sin–1 (sin x + cos x) + C
 
 Marked questions are recommended for Revision.
* Marked Questions may have more than one correct option.

PART - I : JEE (ADVANCED) / IIT-JEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

1. Let f (x) =  ex (x  1) (x  2) d x then f decreases in the interval: [IIT-JEE 2000, Scr, (1, 0), 35]
(A) (, 2) (B) ( 2,  1) (C) (1, 2) (D) (2, + )

 2x  2 
2. Evaluate,  sin 1   d x.
 4 x 2  8 x  13 
[IIT-JEE 2001, Main, (5, 0), 100]
 

3. For any natural number m, evaluate,

 x  2 x 
1/ m
3m
 x2m  xm 2m
 3 xm  6 d x, x > 0. [IIT-JEE 2002, Main, (5, 0), 60]

x2  1
4. x 3
2x 4  2x 2  1
dx is equal to [IIT-JEE 2006, (3, –1), 184]

2x 4  2x 2  1 2x 4  2x 2  1 2x 4  2x 2  1 2x 4  2x 2  1
(A) + C (B) + C (C) + C (D) +C
x2 x3 x 2x 2
x
x
n2
5. Let f(x) = for n  2 and g(x) = (f f .... f ) (x). Then g(x) dx equals
(1  xn )1/ n f occurs n times

[IIT-JEE 2007, Paper-2, (3, – 1), 81]

1 1
1
  1
 
1 1
(A) 1  nxn n
+K (B) 1  nxn n
+K
n(n  1) (n  1)
1 1
1
  +K 1
 
1 1
(C) 1  nx n n
(D) 1  nxn n
+K
n(n  1) (n  1)

6. Let F(x) be an indefinite integral of sin2 x. [IIT-JEE 2007, Paper-1, (3, – 1), 81]
STATEMENT-1 : The function F(x) satisfies F(x + ) = F(x) for all real x.
because
STATEMENT-2 : sin2(x + ) = sin2x for all real x.
(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True ; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True ; Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement 1
(C) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False
(D) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True

ex e x
7. Let  = e 4x
 e2x  1
dx, J = e 4x
 e2x  1
dx . Then, for an arbitrary constant C, the value of J –  is

equal to : [IIT-JEE 2008, Paper-2, (3, – 1), 81]

1 e4x  e2x  1 1 e2x  ex  1
(A) n 4x +C (B) n +C
2 e  e2x  1 2 e2x  ex  1
1 e2x  ex  1 1 e4x  e2x  1
(C) n +C (D) n +C
2 e2x  ex  1 2 e4x  e2x  1
 sec 2 x
8. The integral  (sec x  tan x)9 / 2 dx equals (for some arbitrary constant K)
–1 1 1 
(A) 11/ 2 
 (sec x  tan x)2  +K [IIT-JEE 2012, Paper-1, (3, –1), 70]
(sec x  tan x) 11 7 
1 1 1 2
(B)   (sec x  tan x)  + K
(sec x  tan x)11/ 2 11 7 
–1 1 1 
(C) 11/ 2 
 (sec x  tan x)2  + K
(sec x  tan x) 11 7 
1 1 1 2
(D)   (sec x  tan x)  + K
(sec x  tan x)11/ 2 11 7 

PART - II : JEE (MAIN) / AIEEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

5 tan x
1. If the integral  tan x  2 dx = x + a n |sin x – 2 cos x| + k, then a is equal to :
[AIEEE-2012, (4, –1)/120]
(1) – 1 (2) – 2 (3) 1 (4) 2

 f(x) dx  (x)  x f(x [AIEEE - 2013, (4, –1),360]

5 3
2. If , then ) dx is equal to
1 3 1 3
(1) x (x3 ) –  x 2 (x 3 ) dx   C (2) x (x3 ) – 3 x3 (x3 ) dx  C
3 3
1 3 1 3
(3) x (x3 ) –  x2(x3 ) dx  C (4) x (x3 ) –  x3 (x 3 ) dx   C
3 3
 1  x
1
3. The integral  1  x  x e x dx is equal to : [JEE(Main) 2014, (4, – 1), 120]
1 1 1 1
x x x x
(1) (x + 1) e x
+c (2) –x e x
+c (3) (x – 1) e x
+c (4) x e x
+c
dx
4. The integral x equals [JEE(Main) 2015, (4, – 1), 120]
x 
3/4
2 4
1
1/ 4 1/ 4
 x 4  1  x 4  1
(1)  4  +c (2) (x4 + 1)1/4 + c (3) –(x4 + 1)1/4 + c (4) –  4  +c
 x   x 
2x12  5x9
5. The integral  (x 5
 x3  1)3
dx is equal to [JEE(Main) 2016, (4, –1), 120]

x10 x5 –x10 –x5

(1) C (2) C (3) C (4) C
2(x5  x3  1)2 2(x5  x3  1)2 2(x5  x3  1)2 (x5  x3  1)2
where C is an arbitrary constant
Let n =  tan x dx , (n > 1). If 4 + 6 = a tan5x + bx5 + C, where C is a constant of integration, then the
n
6.
ordered pair (a, b) is equal to [JEE(Main) 2017, (4, –1), 120]
 1  1  1   1 
(1)  – ,1 (2)  , 0  (3)  , – 1 (4)  – , 0 
 5  5  5   5 
sin2 x cos2 x
7. The integral  (sin
x  cos x sin2 x  sin3 x cos2 x  cos5 x)2
5 3
dx is equal to :

[JEE(Main) 2018, (4, –1), 120]

1 –1 1 –1
(1) C (2) C (3) C (4) C
1  cot x
3
1  cot x
3
3(1  tan x)
3
3(1  tan3 x)
(where C is a constant of integration)
 1
(sinn   sin )n cos 
8. Let n  2 be a natural number and 0 < < / 2. Then  d is equal to :
sinn1 
(where C is a constant of integration) [JEE(Main) 2019, Online (10-01-19),P-1 (4, – 1), 120]
n1 n1
n  1  n n  1  n
(1) 2  1  n1  +C (2) 2  1  n1  +C
n  1  sin   n  1  sin  
n1 n 1
n  1  n n  1  n
(3) 2  1  n1  +C (4) 2 1   +C
n  1  sin   n  1  sinn1  
9. The integral  cos log x dx is equal to : (where C is a constant of integration
e

[JEE(Main) 2019, Online (12-01-19),P-1 (4, – 1), 120]

x
(1) x cos(loge x)  sin loge x   C (2) sin(loge x)  cos loge x   C
2
x
(3) x[cos(loge x)  sin(loge x)]  C (4) cos(loge x)  sin loge x   C
2
5x
sin
10.  sin
2 dx is equal to : (where c is a constant of integration)
x
2
[JEE(Main) 2019, Online (08-04-19),P-1 (4, – 1), 120]
(1) x + 2 sinx + 2sin 2x+ c (2) 2x + sinx + sin2x + c
(3) 2x + sinx + 2sin2x + c (4) x + 2 sinx + sin 2x + c

e (sec x tan xf ( x)  (sec x tan x  sec 2 x))dx = esecx f(x) + C, then a possible choice of f(x) is :
sec x
11. If

[JEE(Main) 2019, Online (09-04-19),P-2 (4, – 1), 120]

1 1 1 1
(1) secx + xtanx – (2) secx + tanx + (3) xsecx + tanx + (4) secx – tanx –
2 2 2 2

dx   x  1 f ( x) 
12. If  (x 2
 2x  10)2
= A  tan–1
  3
 2
 x  2 x  10
 +C

Where C is a constant of integration, then [JEE(Main) 2019, Online (10-04-19),P-1 (4, – 1), 120]
1 1
(1) A = and f(x) = 9 (x – 1) (2) A = and f(x) = 9(x –1)2
27 54
1 1
(3) A = and f(x) = 3(x – 1) (4) A = and f(x) = 3(x – 1)
81 54
d
13. If  costan2  sec 2
2
 tan+ 2loge|f()| + C where C is a constant of integration, then the

ordered pair (, f()) is equal to : [JEE(Main) 2020, Online (09-01-20),P-2 (4, –1), 120]
(1) (1,1 + tan) (2) (–1,1 – tan) (3) (–1,1 + tan) (4) (1,1 – tan)
 EXERCISE - 1
PART-I
Section (A) :
(2x  3)6 cos 2x
A-1. (i) +C (ii) – +C
12 2
tan(4x  5) 1
(iii) +C (iv) n |sec (3x + 2) + tan (3x + 2) | + C
4 3
1 23x  4
(v) n |sec(2x + 1)| + C (vi) +C
2 3 n 2
1 e4x  5
(vii) n |2x + 1| + C (viii) +C
2 4

x 1 sin3x 3
A-2. (i) – sin2x + C (ii)  sin x  C
2 4 12 4

1 1 1 1
(iii) – cos 5x + cosx + C (iv) cos x  cos 2x  cos 3x + C
10 2 2 3

(v)
2
3
(x  3)3 / 2  (x  2)3 / 2  + C

Section (B) :

1 1
B-1. (i) – cosx2 + C (ii) n |x2 + 1| + C
2 2
1 sec 2 x
(iii) (tanx)2 + C or +C (iv) n |ex + x| + C
2 2
1
(v) n |x + cosx| + C (vi) n |e2x – 2| + C
2
1
(vii) n |x2 + sin2x + 2x| + C (viii) n | n(secx + tanx) | + C
2

2 1 2x
(ix) (x + 2)3/2 – 4(x + 2)1/2 + C (x) (e – e– 2x) + 2x + C
3 2
1 3x 1 1
(xi) e + e2x + ex + C (xii) – n 1  5 + C
3 5 x
x 
3/2
1  1
4/5 2
 8
(xiii) – 1  5  +C (xiv) +C
4  x  24 x 3

B-2. 2 (x 2  2)  C

 sin x   ln(x  1) 
B-3. (i) ln  + C (ii) ln  +C
 x   x 
Section (C) :
x2 x2 x2 x 1
C-1. (i) n x – +C (ii) – sin2x – cos2x + C
2 4 4 4 8
x2 x 1
(iii) tan–1x – + tan–1x + C (iv) x (nx – 1) + C
2 2 2
sec x tan x 1
(x2 – 1) e x + C
2
(v) + n |sec x + tanx | + C (vi)
2 2
x 1– x 1 1 (tan1 x)2
(vii) x sin–1 x + – sin–1 x + C (viii) x tan–1x – n (1 + x2) – +C
2 2 2 2
ex
(ix) (sinx – cosx) + C (x) ex tanx + C
2
 1 
C-2. y = x  n( nx)  + 2e
 nx 

Section (D) :
1 x 1 x
D-1. (i) tan–1 +C (ii) tan–1 +C
2 2 5 5
1   x  1)  4 2x  3
(iii) tan–1  2  +C (iv) n |x2 + 3x + 4| – tan–1 +C
2   7 7
1 x 2
(v) x  arctan x + n +C (vi) n |x + x 2  4 | + C
x
x x 1
(vii) x 2  4 + 2 n |x + x2  4 | + C (viii) x2  2x  5 +2n x  1  x 2  2x  5 + C
2 2
(1  x  x 2 )3 / 2 3 15  2x  1 
(ix) – – (2x + 1) 1  x  x2 – sin–1  + C
3 8 16  5 
2 2a3
(x) (a3 + x3)5/2 – (a3 + x3)3/2 + C
15 9
x 1 1 1 3
D-2. (i) n +C (ii) n |x + 3| – n |x2 + 1| + tan–1 x + C
x2 10 20 10
1 1 1
(iii) 4n|x + 1| + – 4n|x + 2| + C (iv) n |x + 1| – n |x + 2| + n |x + 3| + C
(x  1) 2 2
1
 x2  1 x 1  x2  1 
1 1 x 1
D-3. (i) tan–1   – n
1
+C (ii) tan–1   + C
2 3  3x  4
x  1 2  2 x
x
1
– 3 x
x1
(iii) – n +C
2 3 1
x  3
x

x  2 1 1 t 3 1
D-4. (i) n +C (ii) n – tan–1(t) + C, where t = x 1
x  2 1 4 3 t 3 2
2
1  1  1 2 1 x2  2
(iii) – n  t     t    + C, where t = (iv) – tan–1 +C
3  3   3 9 x 1 x2
 1  1
D-5. (i) ln  x    x 2  x + x2  x + C
2  2 

1 1 x
(ii) x2  1 – ln x  x2  1 + C (iii) sin x  1  x2  1  x2  C
2 2

Section (E) :
2  tan x / 2  2  x
E-1. (i) tan–1   +C (ii) tan–1  3 tan  + C
3  3  3  2
10 2 x
(iii) x– n |3cosx + 2sinx| + C (iv) n 1  tan +C
13 13 2
1  3 tan x 
(v) tan–1   +C (vi) n | 1  cot x | + C
6  2 

1 3x
(vii) tan x + sin 2x  + C
4 2
1  4(sin x  cos x)  5   sin x  cos x 
E-2. (i) n C (ii) sin–1   +C
40  4(sin x  cos x)  5   3 

1 1
E-3. A= ,B=
9 5
PART-II
Section (A) :
A-1. (D) A-2 (A) A-3. (A) A-4. (B) A-5. (A) A-6. (B)
Section (B) :
B-1. (B) B-2. (C) B-3. (A) B-4. (D) B-5. (D) B-6. (C) B-7. (A)
B-8. (C)

Section (C) :
C-1. (C) C-2. (A) C-3. (C) C-4. (A) C-5. (C)
Section (D) :
D-1. (B) D-2. (D) D-3. (A) D-4. (A) D-5. (C)
Section (E) :
E-1. (B) E-2 (C) E-3. (C) E-4. (B) E-5. (A) E-6. (A) E-7. (A)
Section (F) :
F-1. (B) F-2. (B)

PART-III
1. (A)  (p), (B)  (p), (C)  (r), (D)  (s)
2. (A)  (s) ; (B)  (q) ; (C)  (r)
EXERCISE - 2
PART-I
1. (A) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. (C) 5. (C) 6. (A) 7. (A)
8. (A) 9. (A) 10. (C) 11. (A) 12. (D) 13. (A) 14. (A)
15. (A) 16. (C) 17. (D) 18. (D) 19. (C) 20. (A) 21. (B)
 PART-II
1. 01.00 2. 42.66 or 42.67 3. 87.68 4. 52.00 5. 00.66 or 00.67
6. 16.00 7. 11.56 or 11.57 8. 00.50 9. 12.00 10. 26.50
11. 13.00 12. 01.00 13. 02.00 14. 16.00 15. 06.50
16. 10.66 or 1067

PART-III
1. (BC) 2. (AC) 3. (AC) 4. (CD 5. (BD) 6. (ACD) 7. (BC)
8. (AC) 9. (CD) 10. (AB) 11. (ABC) 12. (AB) 13. (BC) 14. (ABD)
15. (BD) 16. (ABD) 17. (AD) 18. (AB) 19. (ABCD)
PART-IV
1. (A) 2. (A) 3. (B) 4. (A) 5. (B) 6. (A)

EXERCISE - 3
PART-I
 2x  2  3
1. (C) 2. (x + 1)tan–1   – n (4x2 + 8x + 13) + C
 3  4
m 1
(2x 3m  3x 2m  6xm ) m
3. +C 4. (D) 5. (A) 6. (D) 7. (C)
6(m  1)
8. (C)
PART-II

1. (4) 2. (3) 3. (4) 4. (4) 5. (1) 6. (2) 7. (4)

8. (2) 9. (4) 10. (4) 11. (2) 12. (4) 13. (3)
 sin8 x  cos8 x
1. Evaluate :  1  2sin2 x cos2 x dx

cos5x  cos 4x
2. Evaluate :  1  2cos3x
dx

3. Evaluate :  x  x 2  2 dx

dx
4. Evaluate : 
x 3
 3 x  3x  1
2
 x 2  2x  3

(cos 2x  3)
5. Evaluate :  cos 4
x 4  cot 2 x
dx

 x 2  1 { n(x 2  1)  2 nx} 
6. Evaluate :   dx
 x4 

x
7. Evaluate :  (7x  10  x 2 )3 / 2
dx

x cos   1 f(x)
8. If  dx = + C then find f(x) and g(x).
x 
3/2
2
 2x cos   1 g(x)

9. Evaluate : cos x. ex. x2 dx

x  x  x 2
3
10. Evaluate :   (x2  1)2  dx
e 

x2
11. Evaluate :  (x sin x  cos x)2 dx

 sin4x
2
12. Evaluate : . etan x
dx

13. Ev aluate :  tan  1 x. n (1 + x 2 ) dx.

1  n xn 1  x 2n
14. Evaluate :  ex dx
1  x  n
1  x 2n
15. Evaluate :  cos 2 x n (1 + tan x) dx

dx
16. Evaluate :   a  b cos x  2
, (a > b)

2  x  x2
17. Evaluate :  x2
dx

(5 x2  12) d x
18. Integrate:  (x2  6 x  13)2

3x 2  2x
19. If  x6  2x5  x 4  2x3  2x2  5 dx = F(x), then find the value of [F(1) – F(0)], where [.] represents
greatest integer function.

n (1  sin2 x) dx.
20. Evaluate :  cos2 x

1  cos  cos x
21. Evaluate :  cos   cos x
dx

a  b sin x
22. Evaluate :  b  a sin x  2
dx

dx
23. Evaluate :  (x  ) (x  ) (x  )

(cos2x)1/ 2
24. Evaluate  sin x
dx

x
sin3

25. Evaluate 2 dx
x
cos cos3 x  cos2 x  cos x
2

x2  x2  3  B x2  3 x  3
26. If  x 4  3x2  9 dx = A tan–1

 3x 
+
3
n
x2  3 x  3
+ c, then find the value of 12(A + B).

3cos x  2
27. Evaluate  sin x  2cos x  3 dx

28. Evaluate  3
tan xdx

cosec x  cot x sec x

29. Evaluate :  cosec x  cot x
.
1  2sec x
dx
 1  sin2x 
1. – sin 2x + C 2.   sin x  +C
2  2 
1
  2 x 2  2x  3 1  2 
3/2
3. x x2  2  +C 4. + . cos1  + C
x   8(x  1)  x  1
1/ 2 2
3 16
x2  2

1 2 (x 2  1) x 2  1  3  1 
5. C– tanx.(2 + tan2x). 4  cot 2 x 6. 3
. 1  n  1  2   +C
3 9x  2  x 
2(7 x  20)
7. C 8. x; x2 + 2x cos  + 1
9 7 x  10  x 2
1 x 2  x 1
9. e [(x – 1) cos x + (x – 1)2 . sin x] + C 10. ex  2  +C
2  x  1
sin x  x cos x
– 2 cos4x. etan
2
11. C 12. x
+C
x sin x  cos x

n +C
2
13. x tan  1 x. n (1 + x 2 ) + (tan  1 x) 2  2x tan  1 x + n (1 + x 2 )  1  x2

1  xn 1
14. ex +C 15. [ sin2 x.n(1+tan x) – x +  n |sin x + cos x|] + C
1  xn 2

b sin x 2a ab x
16. – + 2 tan–1 tan +C
(a  b )(a  bcos x)
2 2
(a  b2 )3 / 2 ab 2

2  x  x2 2 4  x  2 2 2  x  x2  2x  1 
17. – + ln – sin–1  +K
x 4 x  3 
13x – 159 53 x3
18. + tan 1 +C 19. 0
8(x 2 – 6x  13) 16 2
1
(  x)
cos
20. tan x ln (1+ sin2x) – 2x + 2 tan–1 ( 2 .tan x) + C. 21. x cos  + sin  n 2 +C
1
cos (  x)
2
cos x 2 x 
22. – C 23. . C
b  a sin x    x
 cot 2 x  1  2cot 2 x 
24. 2 log    log cot x  cot 2 x  1  c
   
 cot x  1
2

 1 
25. sec–1  cos x   + c. 26. 5
 cos x 
 x 
6 3 8 1
 tan 2  1 
27. x  log | sin x  2cos x  3 |  tan  C
5 5 5  2 
 
1 1 3 2tan2 / 3 x  1
28.  log(1  tan2 / 3 x)  log(tan4 / 3 x  tan2 / 3 x  1)  tan1 c
2 4 2 3
1 x
29. sin1  sec 2  + C
2 2
 
 Marked questions are recommended for Revision.
 fpfUgr iz'u nksgjkus ;ksX; iz'u gSA
PART - I : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Hkkx - I : fo"k;kRed iz'u ¼SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS½

Section (A) : Integration using Standard Integral :

[k.M (A) : ekud lekdy dh lgk;rk ls lekdyu %
A-1. Integrate with respect to x :
fuEufyf[kr dk x ds lkis{k lekdyu dhft, &
(i) (2x + 3)5 (ii) sin 2x (iii) sec2 (4x + 5)

(iv) sec (3x + 2) (v) tan (2x + 1) (vi) 23x+4

1
(vii) (viii) e4x + 5
2x  1

(2x  3)6 cos 2x tan(4x  5)

Ans. (i) +C (ii) – +C (iii) +C
12 2 4
1 1
(iv) n |sec (3x + 2) + tan (3x + 2) | + C (v) n |sec(2x + 1)| + C
3 2
23 x  4 1 e4x  5
(vi) +C (vii) n |2x + 1| + C (viii) +C
3 n 2 2 4

1 (2x  3)6 1
 (2x  3) dx = (here put (2x + 3) = t j[kus ij)
5
Sol. (i) +C= (2x + 3)6 + C
2 6 12
1
(ii)  sin 2x dx = – 2 cos2x + C
1
 sec (4x 5) dx = 4 tan(4x + 5) + C
2
(iii)

1
(iv)  sec(3x  2) dx = 3 n  sec(3x  2)  tan(3x  2)  + C
1
(v)  tan(2x  1) dx = 2 n |sec(2x + 1)| + C
16 23 x 23 x  4
 
3x  4 3x
(vi) 2 dx = 16 2 dx = + C = +C
3 n2 3 n2
1 1
(vii)  2x  1 dx = 2 n|(2x + 1)| + C
e 4x  5

4x  5
(viii) e dx = +C
4

A-2. Integrate with respect to x :

fuEufyf[kr dk x ds lkis{k lekdyu dhft,&
(i) sin2x (ii) cos3x (iii) sin 2x cos 3x
x 3x 1
(iv) 4 sin x cos cos (v)
2 2 x3  x2
 x 1 sin3x 3
Ans. (i) – sin2x + C (ii)  sin x  C
2 4 12 4
1 1 1 1
(iii) – cos 5x + cosx + C (iv) cos x  cos 2x  cos 3x + C
10 2 2 3
(v)
2
3
(x  3)3 / 2  (x  2)3 / 2  + C

1  cos2x x 1
 sin  –
2
Sol. (i) x dx = dx = sin 2x + C
2 2 4
 cos3x 3  sin3x 3
 cos x dx =   4  4 cos x  dx = 12  4 sin x  C
3
(ii)

1 cos5x cos x
 sin5x  sin x  dx = 
2
(iii)  C
10 2
x 3x
(iv)  4 sin x 2 cos cos 2 dx =  2 sin x(cos 2x  cos x)dx
=  2sin x cos 2x dx   sin2x dx
1 1
=  (sin3x  sin x  sin2x) dx = cos x 
2
cos 2x  cos 3x + C
3
1  1 x3  x2 
(v) =  x3  x2
dx =   x3  x2
  dx
x  3  x  2 


 dx = 2  x  3 3 / 2  2  x  2 3 / 2  C
  x  3    x  2
1/ 2 1/ 2
=
 3 3

Section (B) : Integration using Substitution :

[k.M (B) : izfrLFkkiu dh lgk;rk ls lekdyu %
B-1. Integrate with respect to x :
fuEufyf[kr dk x ds lkis{k lekdyu dhft,&
x ex  1
(i) x sin x2 (ii) (iii) sec2 x tan x (iv)
x 1
2
ex  x
1  sin x e2x cos2x  x  1 sec x
(v) (vi) (vii) (viii)
x  cos x e2x  2 x2  sin2x  2x n (sec x  tan x)
2
x  x 1 1
(ix) (x) e  x  (xi) (ex + 1)2 ex (xii)
x2  e  
x x 1
5

1 x 8
2

(xiii) (xiv)
1
x4
x 5 (1  x ) 5 5

1 1
Ans. (i) – cosx2 + C (ii) n |x2 + 1| + C
2 2
1 sec 2 x
(iii) (tanx)2 + C or +C (iv) n |ex + x| + C
2 2
1
(v) n |x + cosx| + C (vi) n |e2x – 2| + C
2
1
(vii) n |x2 + sin2x + 2x| + C (viii) n | n(secx + tanx) | + C
2
 2 1 2x
(ix) (x + 2)3/2 – 4(x + 2)1/2 + C (x) (e – e– 2x) + 2x + C
3 2
1 3x 1 1
(xi) e + e2x + ex + C (xii) – n 1  5 + C
3 5 x
x 
3/2
1  1
4/5 2
 8
(xiii) – 1  5  +C (xiv) +C
4  x  24 x 3

dt
=  x sin x j[kus ij 
2
Sol. (i) dx Put x2 = t x dx =
2
1 cos t cos x 2
2
 = sin t dt = – + C = – +C
2 2
x dt
(ii)  x2  1 dx Put x2 + 1 = t j[kus ij  x dx =
2
1 dt 1
 =  = n(x2 + 1) + C
2 t 2
(iii)  =  sec x tan x dx Put tanx = t j[kus ij
2
 sec2x dx = dt
tan2 x
 =  t dt = +C
2
ex  1
(iv) =  ex  x dx Put ex + x = t j[kus ij  (ex + 1) dx = dt

 = n(ex + x) + C

(v) Let ekuk x + cosx = t  (1– sinx) dx = dt

dt
    n | t |  C = n |x + cosx| + C
t
1 1
(vi)    dt where tgk¡ e2x – 2 = t  2e2x dx = dt
2 t
1 1
= n |t| + C = n|e2x – 2| + C
2 2
(vii) Let ekuk x2 + sin2x + 2x = t
2(x + cos2x + 1) dx = dt
dt 1 1
  n | t |  C = n|x2 + sin2x + 2x| + C
2t 2 2

(viii) Let ekuk n(secx + tanx) = t  secx dx = dt

dt
   t
= nt + C = n |n(secx + tanx)| + C

x . dx
(ix)  x2
2
=  x  2 dx –  x2
dx

2
= (x  2)3 / 2 – 2 × 2 x  2 + C
3
2
= (x + 2)3/2 – 4(x + 2)1/2 + C
3
 1
(x) Let ekuk ex = t  ex dx = dt dx = dt
t
2
 1 1  1 2 t2 1 1 2x
 =   t  t  t dt =   t  t 3
 
t
dt = 
2 2t 2
 2 n | t | C =
2
(e  e2x )  2x  C

(xi) Put t = ex j[kus ij  dt = ex dx

t3 e3x
    t  1  t 
2
= dt = 2
 2t  1 dt =  t2  t  C =  e2x  e x  C
3 3

x4
(xii) = x 5
(x 5  1)
dx Let ekuk x5 = t  5x4 dx = dt
1 dt 1 1 1 
 = 
5 t (t  1)
=  
5  t t  1
dt

1
= [n|t| – n |(t + 1)|] + C
5
1  x5  1 1
= ln  5 
+C =– n 1  5 +C
5  1 x  5 x

1
(xiii) = x 5
(1  x 5 )1/ 5
dx

1
 =   1 
1/ 5
dx
x  5  1
6

x 

 1  5
Let  5  1 = t j[kus ij  dx  dt
x  x6
1 dt
 = 
5 t 1/ 5

1
 1 4/5
1 t 5 1  1
=  = 1  5  C
5 4/5 4  x 

x2  8
(xiv) = 
x4
dx

1 8 8 1 t
=  3 1  2 dx Put 1– = t2 j[kus ij  dx = dt
x x x2 x 3
8
t
  =  t. dt
8
x 
3/2
1 t3 1  8
3/2 2
8
= × = 1 = +C
8 3 24  x2  24 x 3

d(x 2  1)
B-2. Find the value of  (x 2  2)
. [16JM120472]
 d(x 2  1)
 (x 2  2)
dk eku gksxkA

Ans. 2 (x 2  2)  C
d x 2

1 2x
Sol. Let ekuk  =  x 2
2
= 
x2  2
dx

Put x2 + 2 = t j[kus ij  2x dx = dt
dt
=  = 2t1/2 + C = 2 x2  2 + C
t

B-3. Evaluate the following :

fuEufyf[kr dks gy dhft, &

 x 
 x cos x  sin x   x  1  ln(x  1) 
(i)  
 x sin x  dx

(ii)  
 x(ln(x  1)) 
 dx
 

 sin x   ln(x  1) 
Ans. (i) ln  +C (ii) ln  +C
 x   x 

 x cos x  sin x  2sin x  x cos x  sin x 2  sin x 

Sol. (i) I =   x sin x  dx =
  x sin x
d
x 
dx = ln(x sin x) – 2 lnx + C= ln 
 x 
+C

 x   x 
 x  1  ln(x  1)  2ln(x  1)   x  1  ln(x  1)  2
(ii) I =  
 x(ln(x  1))
 dx=

 
 x(ln(x  1)) 
 dx – x dx = ln (x ln(x+1)) – lnx2 + C

   

 ln(x  1) 
= ln  +C
 x 

Section (C) : Integration by parts :

[k.M (C) : [k.M'k% lekdyu %
C-1. Integrate with respect to x :
fuEufyf[kr dk x ds lkis{k lekdyu dhft,&

(i) x n x (ii) x sin2x (iii) x tan–1 x (iv) n x

2 x tan1 x
2
(v) sec3x (vi) 2x3 e x (vii) sin–1 x (viii)
1  x2

(ix) ex sin x (x) ex (sec2x + tan x)

x2 x2 x2 x 1
Ans. (i) n x – +C (ii) – sin2x – cos2x + C
2 4 4 4 8
x2 x 1
(iii) tan–1x – + tan–1x + C
2 2 2
sec x tan x 1
(iv) x (nx – 1) + C (v) + n |sec x + tanx | + C
2 2
 x 1– x 1
(x2 – 1) e x + C –
2
(vi) (vii) x sin–1 x+ sin–1 x+C
2 2
1 (tan1 x)2
(viii) x tan–1x – n (1 + x2) – +C
2 2
ex
(ix) (sinx – cosx) + C (x) ex tanx + C
2

x2 1 x2 x2 x2
Sol. (i) x n x
2
–  . dx = nx.
dx = nx.
x 2 2
–
4
+C

 1  cos 2x  x2 1
   2  –
2
2
(ii) x sin x dx = x dx = x cos2x dx
4
x2 x sin2x 1 sin2x x2 x 1
= – . +  dx + C = – sin 2x – cos 2x + C
4 2 2 2 2 4 4 8

 x tan
1
(iii) x dx
x2 1 x2  1  1 x2 1 1 1
 1 x 2 
= tan–1 x. – . dx = tan–1 x – 1.dx +  dx
2 2
2 2 2 1  x2
x2 x 1
= tan–1 x – + tan–1 x + C
2 2 2

1
(iv)  nx dx =  1 . nx dx = x lnx –  x .x dx = x nx – x + C

(v) Let ekuk t = tanx

dt = sec2x dx

t 1
   1  tan2 x sec2x dx =  1 t2 dt = 1 t2  n |t + 1  t 2 | + C
2 2
sec x tan x
= + ln |secx + tanx| + C
2

 2x e
x2
(vi) = 3
dx Put x2 = t j[kus ij  2x dx = dt

 t.e dt = t.et – et + C = x 2 .ex – e x + C

2 2
 = t

1
(vii) =  sin1 x dx put x = t j[kus ij  dx = dt
2 x
t2 1 t2 dt
 sin – 2  
1
 =2 t . t dt = 2 sin–1 t.  dt = t2 sin–1 t + 1 t2 dt –
2 1 t2 2 1  t2
t 1 x 1 x 1
sin–1 t – sin–1t + C = x sin–1 x + –
2
= t2 sin–1 t + 1 t + sin–1 x+C
2 2 2 2
1
(viii) Let ekuk tan–1x = t  dx = dt
1  x2
    t.tan2 t dt =  t(sec 2 t  1) dt =  t. sec 2 t dt   t dt
t2
= t tant – n |sect| – C
2
1 (tan1 x)2
= x tan–1x – n(1 + x2) – C
2 2
 = e
x
(ix) sin x dx
= – ex cos x + e cos x dx = – ex cos x + ex sin x –  e x sin x dx
x

1 x
= e (sin x – cos x) + C
2
 e (sec x  tan x) dx = ex tanx + C
x 2
(x)

C-2. Find the antiderivative of f(x) = ln (ln x) + (ln x) –2 whose graph passes through (e, e). [16JM120473]
f(x) = ln (ln x) + (ln x)–2 dk çfrvodyt Kkr dhft, ftldk oØ (e, e) ls xqtjrk gSA
 1 
Ans. y = x  n( nx)  + 2e
 nx 
 1 
Sol.  f(x) dx =   n ( nx)  2 
dx
 ( nx) 

Put nx = t j[kus ij  x = et  dx = et dt

 1 1 1 1   1  1 
 e  nt   e 
nt    2  dt = et  nt   + C  y = x  n ( nx) 
t t
=  dt = nx 
+C
t2  t t t   t 
 it passes through (e, e) ;g (e, e) ls xqtjrk gS  C = 2e

izdkj y = x  n( nx) 
1 
Hence, bl  + 2e
 nx 

Section (D) : Algebraic integral :

[k.M (D) : chtxf.krh; lekdyu %
D-1. Integrate with respect to x :
fuEufyf[kr dk x ds lkis{k lekdyu dhft,&
1 1 1
(i) (ii) (iii)
x 42
x 5
2
x  2x  5
2

2x  1 x3 1 1
(iv) (v) (vi)
x  3x  4
2
x3  x x2  4
(vii) x2  4 (viii) x 2  2x  5 (ix) (x – 1) 1  x  x2
(x)  x5 a3  x3
1 x 1 x 1   x  1) 
Ans. (i) tan–1 + C (ii) tan–1 +C (iii) tan–1   +C
2 2 5 5 2  2 

4 2x  3 1 x 2
(iv) n |x2 + 3x + 4| – tan–1 +C (v) x  arctan x + n +C
7 7 x

x
(vi) n |x + x2  4 | + C (vii) x2  4 + 2 n |x + x2  4 | + C
2
x 1
(viii) x 2  2x  5 + 2 n x  1  x 2  2x  5 + C
2

(1  x  x 2 )3 / 2 3 15  2x  1 
(ix) – – (2x + 1) 1  x  x2 – sin–1  + C
3 8 16  5 
2 2a 3
(x) (a3 + x3)5/2 – (a3 + x3)3/2 + C
15 9
 1 1 x 1 1 x
Sol. (i) x 4
2
dx = tan–1  
2 2
(ii) x 2
5
dx =
5
tan–1
5
+C

1 1  x  1
(iii)  (x  1)2  4 dx = 2 tan–1  2  + C
2x  1
(iv) = x
 3x  4
dx 2

 d 
Let ekuk 2x + 1 = A   x 2  3x  4   + B 2x + 1 = A(2x + 3) + B A = 1 & B = – 2
 dx 
2x  3 2
 =  2 dx –  2 dx
x  3x  4 x  3x  4
= n  x 2  3x  4  – 
2 2
2
dx = n(x2 + 3x + 4) –  2
dx
 3 9  3  7 
2
  
 x  2    2 
 x 4
 2  4    
4  2x  3 
= n(x2 + 3x + 4) – tan–1   +C
7  7 
x3  1 dx 1  1 1 2x 
(v) =  x3  x dx =  dx    dx = x – tan–1x –   dx   2 dx 
1 x 2
x(x  1)
2
 x 2 x 1 
1 1  x2
= x – tan–1x – n|x| + n (x2 + 1) + C = x – tan–1x + n +C
2 x

(vi) 
1
x 4
2
dx = n x  x2  4  +C

(vii)  x2  4 dx

x 4  x  x2  4 
= x2  4 + n   +C
2 2  2 
 
=
x 2
2
x  4 + 2n x  x 2  4 + C  
(viii)  x2  2x  5 dx =  (x  1)2  22 dx
(x  1)
= x 2  2x  5 + 2n x  1  x 2  2x  5 + C
2

(ix)  (x  1) 1  x  x2 dx
1
2
= (2x  1  3) 1  x  x 2 dx

1 3
=  (2x  1) 1  x  x 2 dx –  1  x  x 2 dx
2 2
1 3
4 
=  (2x  1) 1  x  x 2 dx – 5  (2x  1)2 dx
2
1  x  x 
3/2
2
3 15  2x  1 
=– – (2x + 1) 1  x  x2 – sin–1   +C
3 8 16  5 
= x a3  x3 dx j[kus ij 
5
(x) Put a3 + x3 = t2 3x2 dx = 2t.dt
 2  t 5 a3  t 3 
 t   t 
2t dt 2
 = 2
 a3 (t) = 4
 a3 t 2 dt =    +C
3 3 3 5 3 
2a3 3
2
 a3  x 3    a  x3  + C
5/2 3/2
=
15 9

D-2. Integrate with respect to x :

fuEufyf[kr dk x ds lkis{k lekdyu dhft,&
1 1
(i) (ii)
(x  1)(x  2) (x 2  1)(x  3)
3x  2 1
(iii) (iv)
(x  1)2 (x  2) (x  1)(x  2)(x  3)
x 1
Ans. (i) n +C
x2
1 1 3
(ii) n |x + 3| – n |x2 + 1| + tan–1 x + C
10 20 10
1
(iii) 4n|x + 1| + – 4n|x + 2| + C
(x  1)
1 1
(iv) n |x + 1| – n |x + 2| + n |x + 3| + C
2 2
1  1 1  x 1
Sol. (i)  (x  1)(x  2) =   x  1  x  2  dx = n x  2 + C
1
(ii) =  2 dx
(x  1)(x  3)
A Bx  C 1
Let ekuk  2 = 2  A (x2 +1) + (Bx + C)(x + 3) = 1
x  3 x 1 (x  1)(x  3)
Put x = –3 j[kus ij  A = 1/10
and rFkk
A + 3C = 1 A+B=0
B = –1/10
C = 3/10
1 1 1 2x 3 1 1 1 3
 = 
10 x  3
dx  
20 x  1
2
dx  
10 x  1
2
dx =
10
n |x + 3| –
20
n |x2 + 1| +
10
tan–1 x + K

3x  2 A B C
(iii) =  (x  1) (x  2) dx =  x  1dx
2
+  (x  1) 2
dx +  x  2 dx
dx dx dx 1
=4
x 1
–  (x  1) 2
–4
x2
= 4n|x + 1| +
(x  1)
– 4n|x + 2| + C

1
(iv) =  (x  1)(x  2)(x  3) dx put x + 1 = t j[kus ij  dx = dt

1 1  1 1   1 1 
 =  t (t  1)(t  2)
dt = t  t  1  t  2  dt
 
=   t(t  1)  t(t  2)  dt

 1 1  11 1   1 1
=   t  t  1   2  t  t  2  

dt =
2
n|t| – n|t +1| + n |t + 2| + C
2
1 1
= n |x + 1| – n |x + 2| + n |x + 3| + C
2 2

D-3. Integrate with respect to x :

 fuEufyf[kr dk x ds lkis{k lekdyu dhft,&
1 1  x2 1  x2
(i) (ii) (iii)
x  x2  1
4
1 x4 1  x2  x4
1
 x2  1 x 1
1 1 x
 – n
–1
Ans. (i) tan  1
+C
2 3  3x  4 x  1
x
1  x2  1 
tan–1 
 2 x 
(ii) +C
2  
1
x – 3
1 x
(iii) – n +C
2 3 1
x  3
x
1 1  (x 2  1)  (x 2  1) 
 =
2   x4  x2  1 
Sol. (i) dx =   dx
x  x2  1
4

 1  1
 1  2  dx  1  2  dx
1  x  1  x  1 du 1 dv
2   1 2 2  u 2  ( 3 )2 2  v2  1
= 2
– = 
1 2
 x    ( 3)
2
x  x  1
 x   
 1
where tgk¡ u = x – 1/x  1   dx = du
 x2 
 1
and rFkk v=x+  1   dx = dv
 x2 
1  u  1 v 1
= tan–1   – n +C
2 3  3 4 v 1
1
 x2  1 1 x 1
1 x
 – n
–1
= tan  1
+C
2 3  3x  4 x  1
x

1
1
1  x2 x2
(ii) =  dx =  dx
1 x4 1
x2  22
x2
 1
1  2 
 1
=  
x  1
dx Put x – = t j[kus ij   1  2  dx = dt
 1 x  x 
x  x   2
 
dt 1  t  1  x2  1 
 =  t2  2 = tan–1

 2
 + C = tan -1
  + C
2 2  2 x

1
1
1  x2 x2
(iii) =  dx =  dx
1  x2  x4 1
 1  x2  2  2
x2
  1
1  2 
=–   x  dx Put x +
1
= t j[kus ij  1–
1
= dt
2

 
 1 2 x x2
x  x   3
 
 1 
dt 1 x  3

 =– =– x
log   +C
 3
2
 x  1
t  2 3  3 
2

 x 

D-4. Integrate with respect to x : [16JM120474]

fuEufyf[kr dk x ds lkis{k lekdyu dhft, &
1 1
(i) (ii)
(x  1) x  2 (x 2  4) x  1
1 1
(iii) (iv)
(x  1) x   2 (x 2  1) x   2
 x  2 1 1 t 3 1
Ans. (i) n + C (ii) n – tan–1(t) + C, where tgk¡ t = x 1
x  2 1 4 3 t 3 2
2
1  1  1 2 1
(iii) – n  t     t    + C, where tgk¡ t =
3  3   3  9 x 1

x2  2
(iv) – tan–1 +C
x2

dx
Sol. (i) =  (x  1) x2
Put x + 2 = t2 j[kus ij  dx = 2t dt

2t dt 1 t 1 x  2 1
 =  t 2
1 . t 
= 2.
2
n
t 1
+ C = n
x  2 1
+C

1
(ii) =  (x 2
 4) x  1
dx put x + 1 = t2 j[kus ij dx = 2t dt

dt
  = 2 (By partial fraction vkaf'kd fHkUu ls)
(t  3)(t 2  1)
2

1 1 1 1 1 t 3 1
=
2  t2  3
dt – t dt = n – tan–1t + C, where tgk¡ t = x 1
   12 t 3
2 2
2 4 3 2

dx 1 1
(iii) =  (x  1) x 2
2
Put x + 1 =
t
j[kus ij dx = – 2 dt
t
1
 2 dt
t dt dt 1 dt
=  2
=–  1 2
=–
3t  2t  1
2
=–
3
 2
1 1  t 2  3  1  2 
2
 1  2 
 3    3 
.
t  t t t t
    
 2   1 
1  1  1 2
=– n  t     t     + C where tgk¡ t =  
3   3   3  9   x  1
 

dx 1 1
(iv) =  Put x = j[kus ij  dx = – dt
x 2
1  x 2 2 t t2
1
dt 
t 2 t dt
 =  =–  Again put 1 + 2t2 = z2 j[kus ij 4t dt = 2z dz
 1  t 2  1  2t 2
 2 
1  t  2
1  2t 2

 t  t

1 z dz 2 dz  x2  2 
 =– 
2  z  1
2
=–
2  1  z2 = – tan–1 (z) + C = tan–1 
 x 
2  +C
1   . z
 2 
D-5. Evaluate the following :

fuEufyf[kr dks gy dhft,&

 1 x   x  1  x 1 x 
(i)   x  dx
 
(ii)   x  1  dx
 
(iii)    dx
1  x 
 1  1
Ans. (i) ln  x    x 2  x + x2  x + C
2  2

1 1 x
(ii) x 2  1 – ln x  x2  1 + C (iii) sin x  1  x2  1  x2  C
2 2

(1  x) 1 (2x  2) 1 dx 1 (2x  1)
Sol. (i) I=
 x(x  1)
dx =
2  x x2
dx =
2  x x
2
+
2  x2  x

1 dx 1 (2x  1)dx
=
2  
2
1  1
2
+
2  x2  x
x  2  2
   

1  1
= ln  x    x 2  x + x2  x + C
2  2 

 x 1  1 2x dx
(ii) I=
 
 2
 dx =

 x 1  2  x 1
2
dx –
 x 1
2
= x 2  1 – ln x  x2  1 + C

(x(1  x)) ((x 2  1)  (x  1)) 1 2x  2

 dx = –  1  x2 dx +
 2  1 x2
(iii) I= dx = dx
1 x 2
1  x2

1 2xdx dx
  1  x 2 dx   
2 1 x 2
1  x2

x 1  1 x
=  1  x 2  sin1 x   1  x 2  sin1 x  C = sin1 x  1  x2  1  x2  C
 2 2  2 2

Section (E) : Integration of trigonometric functions :

[k.M (E) : f=kdks.kferh; Qyuksa dk lekdyu %
E-1. Integrate with respect to x :
fuEufyf[kr dk x ds lkis { k lekdyu dhft,&
1 1 2sin x  2cos x
(i) (ii) (iii)
2  cos x 2  cos x 3cos x  2sin x
1 1 2
cosec x.sin x sin4 x
(iv) (v) (vi) (vii)
1  sin x  cos x 2  sin2 x (sin x  cos x) cos2 x
2  tan x / 2  2  x
Ans. (i) tan–1   +C (ii) tan–1  3 tan +C
3  3  3  2 
10 2 x
(iii) x– n |3cosx + 2sinx| + C (iv) n 1  tan +C
13 13 2
 3 tan x 
1
(v) tan–1 
  +C (vi) n | 1 cot x | + C
6  2 
1 3x
(vii) tan x + sin 2x  + C
4 2
dx
Sol. (i)  = 
2  cos x
 x x
sec 2 dx sec2 dx
x
=  2 =  2 put tan = t j[kus ij
 2 x  2 x
3  tan2
x 2
2  1  tan    1  tan 
 2  2 2
1 x 2 dt 2 t
 sec 2 dx = dt   = = tan – 1 + C
2 2 3  t2 3 3
 x
2  tan 2 
= tan - 1   + C
3  3 
 
dx
(ii)  = 
2  cos x
x
sec 2 dx
= 2
x x
2  2 tan2  1  tan2
2 2
2 x
sec dx
x 3 x
=  2 put 3 tan = t j[kus ij  sec 2 dx = dt
x 2 2 2
1  3 tan2
2
2 dt
  =  2
3 1 t
2 2  x
= tan - 1 (t) + C = tan – 1  3 tan  + C
3 3  2
2sin x  2cos x
(iii)  =  3cos x  2sin x dx
put 2 sin x + 2 cos x = A(3 cos x + 2 sin x) + B( –3 sin x + 2 cos x) j[kus ij
 2 = 3A + 2B and rFkk 2 = 2A – 3B
10 2
 A = B = 
13 13
2 sin x 2 cos x 10 12 dt
 =   13  t
 = dx –
3 cos x 2 sin x 13
10 2
= (x) – ln |(3 cos x + 2 sin x)| + C
13 13
1
(iv)  =  dx
2 tan x / 2 1  tan2 x / 2
1 
1  tan2 x / 2 1  tan2 x / 2
sec2  x / 2 1
=  dx put tan x/2 = t j[kus ij  sec 2 (x/2) dx = dt
2  2 tan x / 2 2
dt x
 =  = n |t + 1| + C = n 1  tan +C
t 1 2
dx sec 2 x
(v) =  2  sin2 x =  2sec
2
x  tan2 x
dx put tanx = t j[kus ij sec2 x dx = dt

dt 1 dt 1 3  t  1  3 tan x 
=  3t =  2 = tan1   +C= tan1  C
2
2 3 t  ( 2/3) 2  2 
3 2  2/3  6 
cos ec 2 x.sin x cos ec 2 x dx
(vi) =  (sin x  cos x) dx =  (1  cot x) put 1 – cot x = t j[kus ij cosec2 x dx = dt
   = n |t| + C = n |(1 – cot x)| + C
sin x 4
(1  cos2 x)2 1  cos4 x  2cos2 x
(vii)  cos2 x dx =  cos2 x dx =  cos2 x
dx

 1  cos 2x  1 3
=   sec 2 x   2  dx =  sec 2 x dx   cos2x dx   dx
 2  2 2
1 3
= tan x 
sin2x  x  C
4 2
E-2. Evaluate the following

fuEu dks gy dhft,&

 sin x  cos x   cos x  sin x 

(i)   9  16 sin 2x  dx (ii)   8  sin2x 
 dx

1  4(sin x  cos x)  5   sin x  cos x 

Ans. (i) n   C (ii) sin–1   +C
40  4(sin x  cos x)  5   3 

(sin x  cos x)dx (sin x  cos x)dx

Sol. (i)  9  16((sin x  cos x) 2
 1)
=  25  16(sin x  cos x) 2

dt
=  25  16t 2
{by putting j[kus ij sinx – cosx = t}

1  4t  5 
n
dt 10  4t  5  1  4(sin x  cos x)  5 
=   C = n C
25  (4t)2
4 40  4(sin x  cos x)  5 

 cos x  sin x   cos x  sin x  cos x  sin x 

(ii)   8  sin2x 
 dx =  
8  [(sin x  cos x)2
 1]
 dx =  

 dx
 9  [(sin x  cos x)2 ] 
   
dt  
t  sin x  cos x 
= + C {sinx + cosx = t} = sin–1   + C = sin–1   +C
3  t2
2
3  3 

cos3 x  9 5

E-3. If  11
sin x
dx = – 2  A tan 2 x  B tan 2 x  + C, then find A and B.
 

cos3 x  9 5

;fn  11
sin x
dx = – 2  A tan 2
x  B tan 2
x  + C, gks] rks A vkSj B dk eku Kkr dhft,A
 
1 1
Ans. A= ,B=
9 5

1
  (tan x)
–11/ 2
Sol. = dx = sec 4 xdx
(tan x) (cos8 x)
11

 (tan x)
11/ 2
= (1  tan2 x)sec 2 xdx put tanx = t j[kus ij sec2 xdx = dt
 =  (t 11/ 2
 t 7 / 2 ) dt
 2 9 / 2 2 5 / 2 2 2 1 1
= t  t C = (tan x)9 / 2  (tan x)5 / 2  C  A= ,B=
9 5 9 5 9 5

Section (F) : Reduction formulae

[k.M (F) : leku;u lw=k %
1 x 2n  3
F-1. If n =  (x 2
a )
2 n
dx then prove that In = 2 n 1
2a (n  1)(x  a )
2 2

2(n  1)a 2
n–1

1 x 2n  3
;fn n =  (x 2
 a2 )n
dx rc fl) dhft, In = 2 2 2 n 1
2a (n  1)(x  a )

2(n  1)a 2
n–1

n x x2
Sol. n =  1.(x 2  a2 ) dx  n =  2n 2 dx
(x  a )
2 2 n
(x  a2 )n 1

x ((x 2  a 2 )  a 2 ) x
 n =  2n dx  n = + 2nn – 2a2n n+1
(x  a )
2 2 n
(x 2  a 2 )n 1 (x  a2 )n
2

x (2n  3)n 1 x
 2a2n n+1 = (2n – 1)In +  n = 
(x 2  a2 )n 2a2 (n  1) 2a2 (n  1)(x 2  a2 )n 1

2an 2xn (a  x)3 / 2

F-2. If n = x (a – x)1/2dx then prove that n = n–1 –
n

2n  3 2n  3

2an 2xn (a  x)3 / 2

;fn n =  xn (a – x)1/2dx rc fl) dhft, n = n–1 –
2n  3 2n  3

2 n 2n n 1
 x (a  x) dx   n = x (a  x)3 / 2 
3 
x (a  x)3 / 2 dx
n 1/ 2
Sol. In =
3

2 n 2n n 1
3 
  n = x (a  x)3 / 2  x (a  x)(a  x)1/ 2 dx
3

2 n 2an n 1 2n
  n = x (a  x)3 / 2   x (a  x)1/ 2 dx  x (a  x)1/ 2 dx
n

3 3 3

2n 2 n 2an 2an 2xn (a  x)3 / 2

  n + n = x (a – x)3/2 + n–1  n = n–1 –
3 3 3 2n  3 2n  3

PART - II : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE

Hkkx - II : dsoy ,d lgh fodYi çdkj (ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE)

* In each question C is arbitrary constant

izR;sd iz'u esa C LosPN vpj gSA
Section (A) : Integration using Standard Integral :
[k.M (A) : ekud lekdy dh lgk;rk ls lekdyu %

A-1. Integrate with respect to x : x 1

 x  1 ds lkis{k lekdyu dhft,
(x  1)3 / 2 3(x  1)3 / 2 (x  1)3 / 2 2(x  1)3 / 2
(A) +C (B) +C (C) +C (D*) +C
2 2 3 3
Sol.  =  x  1 dx =  t dt where tgk¡ x + 1 = t dx = dt
2 3/2 2
  = t = (x + 1)3/2 + C
3 3

1
A-2 Integrate with respect to x :
2x  1
1
dk x ds lkis{k lekdyu gS&
2x  1

1
 2x  1
3/2
(A*) 2x  1 + C (B) +C (C) – 2x  1 + C (D) +C
 2x  1
3/2

1 dt
Sol. =  2x  1
dx put 2x + 1 = t dx =
2
j[kus ij
1 dt
  =
2  t
= 2x  1 + C

1 x 
A-3. If  1  sin x
dx = tan   a  + C, then
 2 
[16JM120475]

  5 
(A*) a = – , C  R (B) a = , C  R (C) a = ,CR (D) a = ,CR
4 4 4 3

1 x 
;fn  1  sin x
dx = tan   a  + C gks] rks&
 2 
  5 
(A*) a = – , C  R (B) a = , C  R (C) a = ,CR (D) a = ,CR
4 4 4 3
1 1 1  x
Sol. =  dx =  dx =  sec 2  –  dx
   x 2 4 2
1  cos  – x  2cos2  – 
 2   4 2 
x  
= tan  –   C  a = – , C  R
2 4 4

1
A-4. If  (sin 2x  cos 2x) dx =
2
sin (2x – a) + C, then

1
;fn  (sin 2x  cos 2x) dx = 2
sin (2x – a) + C gks] rks&
5 5  
(A) a = ,CR (B*) a = – ,CR (C) a = , C  R (D) a = ,CR
4 4 4 2
1 sin2x 1  
Sol.  =– cos2x  C = sin  2x    C
2 2 2  4
1  5  5
= sin  2x    C a =  , CR
2  4  4

cos 2x
A-5. The value of  cos x
dx is equal to [16JM120476]
 (A*) 2 sin x – n |sec x + tan x| + C (B) 2 sin x – n |sec x – tan x| + C
(C) 2 sin x + n |sec x + tan x| + C (D) sin x – n |sec x – tan x| + C

cos 2x
 cos x
dx dk eku gS&

(A*) 2 sin x – n |sec x + tan x| + C (B) 2 sin x – n |sec x – tan x| + C

(C) 2 sin x + n |sec x + tan x| + C (D) sin x – n |sec x – tan x| + C
cos 2x 2cos x  1 2
Sol. =  dx =  dx = 2 sin x –  sec x dx = 2 sin x – n |sec x + tan x| + C
cos x cos x

cos 4x  1
A-6. If  cot x  tan x
dx = A cos 4x + B; where A & B are constants, then

(A) A =  1/4 & B may have any value (B*) A =  1/8 & B may have any value
(C) A =  1/2 & B =  1/4 (D) A = B = 1/2
cos 4x  1
;fn  dx = A cos 4x + B; tgk¡ A ,oa B vpj gS] rc &
cot x  tan x
(A) A =  1/4 ,oa B dk dksbZ Hkh eku gks ldrk gS (B) A =  1/8 ,oa B dk dksbZ Hkh eku gks ldrk gS
(C) A =  1/2 ,oa B =  1/4 (D) A = B = 1/2
cos 4x  1
Sol.  cot x  tan x
dx = A cos 4x + B

2cos2 2x sin x cos x 1

i{k =   2cos 2x sin x cos x 2
L.H.S. oke dx = dx = sin4x dx
cos 2x
1 ( cos 4x) 1
= B =  cos 4x  B
2 4 8

Section (B) : Integration using Substitution :

[k.M (B) : izfrLFkkiu dh lgk;rk ls lekdyu %
x
a
B-1. The value of  x
dx is equal to

x
a 2a x x
(A) +C (B*) + C (C) 2a x
. n a + C (D) 2a +C
x n a
x
a
 x
dx dk eku gS&
x
a 2a x x
(A) +C (B*) + C (C) 2a x
. n a + C (D) 2a +C
x n a
x
a dx
Sol. =  x
dx Put x = t j[kus ij 
2 x
= dt

a x
  = 2  a t dt = 2. +C
na

5x

 5 . 5 . 5 dx is equal to
x
5 5 x
B-2. The value of [16JM120477]
5x

5
x
5
. 55 . 5x dx dk eku gS&
 x 5x 5x
55 55
x
55 55
(A) +C (B) 5 (n 5) + C
3
(C*) +C (D) +C
( n 5)3 ( n 5)3 ( n 5)2
x
Sol. Let (ekuk) 55  t
x
 55 . n 5 . 5x. n 5 dx  dt
5x
5 t dt 5t 55
=  2
= 3
C = +C
( n 5) ( n 5) ( n 5)3

tan x
B-3. The value of  sin x cos x
dx is equal to

tan x
(A*) 2 tanx + C (B) 2 cot x + C (C) + C (D) tan x + C
2
tan x
 sin x cos x
dx dk eku gS&

tan x
(A*) 2 tanx + C (B) 2 cot x + C (C) + C (D) tan x + C
2
tan x tan x
Sol. =  sin x dx =  sec 2 x dx Put tan x = t j[kus ij
cos x tan x
 sec2 x dx = dt
1
 =  dt = 2 t + C = 2 tan x + C
t

2x
B-4. If  1  4x
dx = K sin–1 (2x) + C, then the value of K is equal to

2x
;fn  1  4x
dx = K sin–1 (2x) + C gks] rks K dk eku gS&
1 1 1
(A) n 2 (B) n 2 (C) (D*)
2 2 n 2
Sol. Let (ekuk) 2x = t  2x log2 dx = dt
1 dt 1 1
= 
n 2 1 t 2
=
n2
sin–1(t) + C =
n2
sin–1(2x) + C

1
 K=
n 2

dx
B-5. If y =  and y = 0 when x = 0, then value of y when x = 1, is:
1  x 
3/2
2

dx
;fn y =  vkSj y = 0 gks tcfd x = 0, rks x = 1 ij y dk eku gS &
1  x 
3/2
2

2 1
(A) (B) 2 (C) 3 2 (D*)
3 2
dx 1 2
Sol. y= 3/2
put 1 + 2 = t2 j[kus ij  – dx = 2t dt
 1 x x3
x3 1  2 
 x 
 t dt dt x
 y=  t3
=– t 2
= +C=
1  x2
+C

1
 y (0) = 0  C=0   y(1) =
2

B-6. The value of  tan3 2 x sec 2 x dx is equal to : [16JM120478]

 tan3 2 x sec 2 x dx dk eku gS &

1 1 1 1
(A) sec3 2 x  sec 2 x + C (B)  sec3 2 x  sec 2 x + C
3 2 6 2
1 1 1 1
(C*) sec3 2 x  sec 2 x + C (D) sec3 2 x + sec 2 x + C
6 2 3 2

3
Sol. tan 2x.sec 2x dx
 =   sec 2 2x  1 sec 2x.tan 2x dx Put sec 2x = t j[kus ij  2 sec 2x tan 2x dx = dt
t3
 =
1 2
2
t 1   dt =
6
–
t
2
+C =
1
6
sec3 2x –
1
2
sec 2x + C

 
1/ 2
x . 1  x5 / 2
13 / 2
B-7. If dx = P (1 + x5/2)7/2 + Q (1 + x5/2)5/2 + R (1 + x5/2)3/2 + C, then P,Q and R are

 
1/ 2
;fn  x 13 / 2
. 1  x5 / 2 dx = P (1 + x5/2)7/2 + Q (1 + x5/2)5/2 + R (1 + x5/2)3/2 + C, rc P , Q rFkk R dk eku gS
& [16JM120480]
4 8 4 4 8 4
(A*) P = ,Q=– ,R= (B) P = ,Q= ,R=
35 25 15 35 25 15
4 8 4 4 8 4
(C) P = – ,Q=– ,R= (D) P = ,Q=– ,R=–
35 25 15 35 25 15

 x 1 x   x .x 1  x 
1/ 2 1/ 2
Sol. Let ekuk  = 13 / 2 5/2
dx = 5 3/ 2 5/ 2
dx
Put 1 + x = t j[kus ij  x dx = dt
5/2 3/2

2 2 2  2 7/2 2 3/2 2 5/2 

5  5   7 t  3 t  2. 5 t  + C
= (t  1)2 t1/ 2 dt = (t 5 / 2  t1/ 2  2t3 / 2 ) dt =
5  
4
 
4 8
   
7/2 3/2 3/2
= 1  x5 / 2 + 1  x5 / 2 – 1  x5 / 2 +C
35 15 25
On comparing with given, we have
rqyuk djus ij
4 8 4
P= ,Q=– ,R=
35 25 15

1  x7
B-8. The value of  x 1  x  dx is equal to 7
[16JM120481]

1  x7
 x 1  x  7
dx dk eku gS&

2 2
(A) n |x| + n |1 + x7| + C (B) n |x|  n |1  x7| + C
7 7
2 2
(C*) n |x|  n |1 + x7| + C (D) n |x| + n |1  x7| + C
7 7
 1  x7 (1  x 7 )  2x 7 1 x6 2
Sol.  x 1  x  dx =  dx = x dx  2  (1  x7 ) dx = n |x|  7 n |1 + x7| + C
7
x (1  x 7 )

Section (C) : Integration by parts :

[k.M (C) : [k.M'k% lekdyu %

C-1. The value of  (x  1) e  x dx is equal to

 (x  1) e  x dx dk eku gS&
(A) –xe + C x
(B) xex + C (C*) – xe–x + C (D) xe–x + C
 (x  1) e dx
x
Sol.
 d 
= (x – 1) e dx –   dx (x  1) e x dx  dx = – (x – 1) e–x – e–x + C = –xe–x + C
x

 1  x  x2 
e
tan1 x
C-2. The value of   dx is equal to [16JM120482]
 1 x 
2

1 1 1 1 1
(A*) x etan x
+C (B) x2 etan x
+C (C) etan x + C (D) x ecot x
+C
x
 1  x  x2 
e
tan1 x
  dx dk eku gS&
 1 x 
2

1 1 1 1 1
(A*) x etan x
+C (B) x2 etan x
+C (C) etan x + C (D) x ecot x
+C
x
1
Sol. Let (ekuk) tan–1x = t  dx  dt
1  x2
 =  et (sec 2 t  tan t) dt  e t tan t  C
1
= x etan x
+C

C-3. The value of  [f(x)g(x)  f (x)g(x)] dx is equal to

 [f(x)g(x)  f (x)g(x)] dx dk eku gS&

f(x)
(A) +C (B) f(x) g(x) – f(x) g(x) + C
g(x)
(C*) f(x) g(x) – f(x) g(x) + C (D) f(x) g(x) + f(x) g(x) + C
Sol.   f(x) g"(x)  f "(x)g(x) dx =  f(x) g"(x) dx –  f "(x) g(x) dx
= f(x) g'(x) –  f '(x) g'(x) –  f "(x) g(x) = f(x) g'(x) – f'(x) g(x) +  f "(x) g(x) –  f "(x) g(x)
= f(x) g'(x) – f'(x) g(x) + C

x nx
C-4.  dx equals [16JM120483]
 
3/2
x 1
2

x nx
 dx cjkcj gS&
x 
3/2
2
1
nx nx
(A*) arc sec x  C (B) sec 1 x  C
x 1
2
x2  1
 nx nx
(C) cos1 x  C (D) sec x  C
x 12
x2  1
x ln x x dx 1 x 
Sol. = dx = nx  (x   ·  (x dx  dx (Integration by parts)
x   1)  1)3 / 2
3/2 2 3/2 2
2
1 x 
([k.M'k% lekdyu ls)
 1  dx  nx
= nx   = + sec–1x + C
 x 1
2
x x 1
2
x2  1

C-5. The value of  (x en sin x  cos x) dx is equal to:

 (x en sin x  cos x) dx dk eku gS&

(A) x cos x + C (B) sin x  x cos x + C
(C*)  en x cos x + C (D) sin x + x cos x + C
  xe  cos x  dx  x sin x –  cos x dx = –x cos x +  cos x dx –  cos x
n sin x
Sol. = dx
=–e nx
cos x + C

Section (D) : Algebraic integral :

[k.M (D) : chtxf.krh; lekdyu %
dx
D-1. The value of x 2
 x 1
is equal to

3  2x  1  2  2x  1 
(A) tan–1   +C (B*) tan–1   +C
2  3  3  3 
1  2x  1  2  2x  1 
(C) tan–1   +C (D) tan–1   +C
3  3  3  3 

dx
x  x 1
2
dk eku gS&
3  2x  1  2  2x  1 
(A) tan–1   +C (B*) tan–1   +C
2  3  3  3 
1  2x  1  2  2x  1 
(C) tan–1   +C (D) tan–1   +C
3  3  3  3 
dx 2  2x  1 
Sol. =   3
2
=
3
tan–1 
 3 
 +C
(x   / 2)2   
 2 

1
D-2. The value of  x 2 (x 4  1)3 / 4
dx is equal to [16JM120484]

1
 x (x  1)3 / 4
2 4
dx dk eku gS&
1/ 4 1/ 4 1/ 4
 1  1  1
(A) 1  4  +C (B) (x4 + 1)1/4 + C (C) 1  4  +C (D*) – 1  4  +C
 x   x   x 

1 1
Sol.  = dx put 1  t j[kus ij
x 5 (1 
1 3/4
) x4
x4
 1/ 4
4 1 dt 1 t1/ 4  1
  5
dx  dt  = –  3 / 4 = – .  C = – 1  4  +C
x 4 t 4 1/ 4  x 

1 1 4
Sol. =  1
dx put 1
x4
 t j[kus ij  
x5
dx  dt
x (1  4 )3 / 4
5

x
1/ 4
1 dt 1 t1/ 4  1
4  t3 / 4
 = – = – .  C = – 1  4  +C
4 1/ 4  x 

dx
D-3. The value of x 1  x3
is equal to

dx
x 1  x3
dk eku gS&

1 1  x3  1 1 1  x2  1
(A*) n +C (B) n +C
3 1  x3  1 3 1  x2  1
1 1 1
(C) n +C (D) n |1 – x3 | + C
3 1 x 3 3

dx
Sol. = x 1  x3
x 2 dx 2t dt
= x 3
1 x 3
Put 1 – x3 = t2 j[kus ij  x2 dx =
3
2 t. dt 2 dt 2 1 t 1 1 1  x3  1
 =–
3  1  t  2
. t
=
3  t 2  1 = 3 × 2 n t  1 + C = 3 n 1  x3  1
+C

ex  1
D-4. The value of  ex  1
dx is equal to [16JM120485]

(A*) n e x

 e2x  1 – sec–1 (ex) + C (B) n e  x

e2x  1 + sec–1 (ex) + C


(C) n ex  e2x  1 – sec–1 (ex) + C  (D) n  e  x
e2x  1 – sin –1
(ex) + C

ex  1
 ex  1
dx dk eku gS&

(A*) n e x

 e2x  1 – sec–1 (ex) + C (B) n e  x

e2x  1 + sec–1 (ex) + C


(C) n ex  e2x  1 – sec–1 (ex) + C  (D) n  e  x
e2x  1 – sin –1
(ex) + C

ex  1
Sol. =  e2x  1
dx

ex ex
=  e 12x
dx  
e e 1
x 2x
dx put ex = t j[kus ij  ex dx = dt

dt dt
 =  t2  1

t t2  1
= n t  t 2  1 – sec–1(t) + C, where (tgk¡) t = ex
 dx A B x
D-5. If xx 4
3
= 2 +
x x
+ n
x 1
+ C, then

1 1 1 1 1
(A) A = , B = 1 (B) A = 1, B = – (C*) A = – ,B=1 (D) A = – ,B=
2 2 2 2 2

dx A B x
;fn x x3
= 2 +
4
x x
+ n
x 1
+ C, gks] rks&

1 1 1 1 1
(A) A = , B = 1 (B) A = 1, B = – (C*) A = – , B = 1 (D) A = – ,B=
2 2 2 2 2

dx A B  x 
Sol. = x 3
(x  1)
= 2 +
x x
+ n   +C
 x  1
1 a b c d
let ekuk = + 2 + 3 +
x (x  1)
3
x x x (x  1)
1 = a(x + 1)x2 + bx(x + 1) + c(x + 1)) + dx3 = a  x 3  x 2  + b  x 2  x  + c(x + 1) + dx3
0=a+d
0=a+b
0=b+c
c = 1, b = –1, a = 1, d = –1
dx dx dx dx 1 1 1
  x3 (x  1) =  x – x 2
+
x3
–  x  1dx = n|x| +
x
–
2x 2
– n|x + 1| + C

Comparing rqyuk djus ij

1
B = 1, A = 
2

Section (E) : Integration of trigonometric functions :

[k.M (E) : f=kdks.kferh; Qyuksa dk lekdyu %

cos 2x
E-1. The value of  (sin x  cos x) 2
dx is equal to

cos 2x
 (sin x  cos x) 2
dx dk eku gS&
1
(A) +C (B*) n (sin x + cos x) + C
sin x  cos x
(C) n (sin x – cos x) + C (D) n (sin x + cos x)2 + C

cos 2x dx cos2 x  sin2 x

Sol. =  (sin x  cos x) 2
=  (sin x  cos x) 2
dx

cos x  sin x
=  sin x  cos x dx Put sin x + cos x = t j[kus ij  (cos x – sin x) dx = dt

dt
 =  t
= n |t| + C = n|sin x + cos x| + C

E-2 The value of  [1  tan x . tan(x   )] dx is equal to [16JM120479]

 [1  tan x . tan(x   )] dx dk eku gS&

 sin x sin x
(A) cos  . n +C (B) tan  . n +C
sin(x   ) sin(x   )
sec(x  ) cos(x  )
(C*) cot  . n +C (D) cot  . n +C
sec x cos x
sin x sin(x   )  cos x cos(x   ) cos(x    x)
Sol.  (1  tan x tan(x   )) dx =  =  dx
cos x cos(x  ) cos x cos(x  )
sin(x    x)  sin(x   ) cos x cos(x  ) sin x 
= cot   cos x
cos(x  )
dx = cot   
 cos x cos(x   )

cos x cos(x   )
dx 

 
= cot   tan(x  ) dx   tanx dx = cot  [ n | sec(x  ) |  n | sec x |]
 
cos x  sec(x   ) 
= cot  n + C = cot  n   +C
cos(x   )  sec x 

E-3. The value of  sec x  1 dx is equal to [16JM120486]

 x x 1  x x 1
(A) 2 n  cos  cos2   + C (B) n  cos  cos2   + C
 2 2 2   2 2 2 
 
 x x 1  x x 1
(C*) – 2 n  cos  cos2   + C (D) – 2 n  sin  cos2   + C
2 2 2  2 2 2 
 
1  cos x
Sol. =  sec x  1 dx =  cos x  1  1
dx

x
2 sin dx
x x

= 2 put 2 cos = t j[kus ij  sin dx = – 2 dt
 x
2 2 2
 2 cos 2   1
 

 =–2  t 1
dt
2

= – 2n t  t 2  1 
 x x  1  x 2 x 1
–2n  2 cos  2cos2  1 + C1 = –2 × n 2 – 2 n  cos  cos   + C1
 2 2  2  2 2 2
 x x 1
= –2 n  cos  cos2   + C
 2 2 2

dx
E-4. The value of  cos 3
x sin2x
is equal to

 1   1 
(A) 2  cos x  tan5 / 2 x  + C (B*) 2  tan x  tan5 / 2 x  + C
 5   5 
 1   1 
(C) 2  tan x  tan5 / 2 x  + C (D) 2  cos x  tan5 / 2 x  + C
 5   5 
dx
 cos 3
x sin2x
dk eku gS&
 1   1 
(A) 2  cos x  tan5 / 2 x  + C (B*) 2  tan x  tan5 / 2 x  + C
 5   5 
  1   1 
(C) 2  tan x  tan5 / 2 x  + C (D) 2  cos x  tan5 / 2 x  + C
 5   5 
dx
Sol. = 
cos3 x sin2x
sec 2 x.sec 2 x dx
=  put tan x = t j[kus ij  sec2x dx = dt
2 tan x
1 1  t2 1   21 32   1 5/2 
 =  dt = 
2 
 t  t  dt = 2  tan x  (tan x)  + C
 5 
2 t 

sin2 x
E-5. Antiderivative of w.r.t. x is : [16JM120487]
1  sin2 x
sin2 x
dk x ds lkis{k izfr&vodyt gS &
1  sin2 x

(A*) x 
2
2
arctan  
2 tanx + C (B) x 
1
2
 tan x 
arctan 
 2 
 +C

(C) x  2 arctan  
2 tanx + C (D) x 
 tan x 
2 arctan 
 2 
 +C

sin2 x  1  1
Sol. =  1  sin2 x dx =  1 dx –
1
 1  sin2 x dx = x –
sec 2 x 2
 1  2 tan2 x dx = x – 2 tan–1  2 tan x  +C

1
E-6. Integrate
1  cot x
1
lekdyu dhft,&
1  cot x
1 1 1 1
(A*) log | sin x  cos x |  x  C (B) log | sin x  cos x |  x  C
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
(C) log | sin x  cos x |  x  C (D) log | sin x  cos x |  x  C
2 2 2 2

1 sin xdx
Sol. Let ekuk =  1  cot x dx =  sin x  cos x
Let ekuk sinx  A(cosx + sinx) + B(sinx – cosx)
1
A
A  B  1 2
then rc   
A  B  0 1
B
2
1 1
(cos x  sin x)  (sin x  cos x)
1 cos x  sin x 1
= 
2 2
(sin x  cos x)
dx = 
2 sin x  cos x
dx 
2
dx  C 
1 1
= log | sin x  cos x |  x  C
2 2

dx
E-7. I =  sin x  sec x is equal to

1 3  sinx - cosx
(A*) log  tan1 (sinx + cosx)  C
2 3 3  (sinx - cosx)
 1 3  sinx - cosx
(B) log  tan1 (sinx - cosx)  C
2 3 3  (sinx - cosx)
1 3  sinx + cosx
(C) log  tan1 (sinx + cosx)  C
2 3 3  (sinx - cosx)

1 3  sinx - cosx
(D) log  tan1 (sinx + cosx)  C
2 3 3  (sinx + cosx)

cos x 2cos x (cos x  sin x)  (cos x  sin x)

Sol. I=  1  sin x cos x dx =  2  2sin x cos x =  2  sin2x

d(sin x  cos x) d(sin x  cos x)

=  2  (1  (sin x  cos x)) 2
+  2  ((sin x  cos x) 2
 1)

du dv
= ( 3 )2  u 2

1 v2
[where tgka u = sinx – cosx, v = sinx + cosx]

1 3 u
= log  tan 1 v  C
2 3 3 u

Section (F) : Reduction formulae

[k.M (F) : leku;u lw=k %
ex e x 1
F-1. If n = x n
dx and n = 
k1xn 1 k 2  1
n–1 , then (k2 – k1) is equal to :

(A) 0 (B*) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

ex e x 1
;fn n = x n
dx vkSj n = 
k1xn 1 k 2  1
n–1 , rc (k2 – k1) dk eku cjkcj gksxk&

(A) 0 (B*) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

x  1  ex  1   ex  e x 1
Sol. n =   xn 
e   dx =
(1  n)xn 1
   1  n   xn1 
  dx =
(n  1)x n 1

n 1
n–1

 u2 u9 
If n =  cotdx and 0 + 1 + 2 (2 + .....+ 8) + 9 + 10 = A  u   .....   + C, where u = cotx
n
F-2. x
 2 9
and C is an arbitrary constant, then
(A) A = 2 (B*) A = – 1 (C) A = 1 (D) A is dependent on x
 u2 u9 
;fn n =  cotn x dx vkSj 0 + 1 + 2 (2 + .....+ 8) + 9 + 10 = A  u   .....   + C, tgk¡ u = cot x
 2 9
vkSj C ,d LosPN vpj gS] rks&
(A) A = 2 (B*) A = – 1 (C) A = 1 (D) A, x ij fuHkZj djrk gS

– cot n–1 x
Sol. n =  cot n x dx =  cot x(cosec x – 1) dx =
n–2 2
–  n – 2 + C1
n–1
– cot n–1 x
 n + n – 2 = + C1
n–1
 Now, (vc) 0 + 1 + 2 (2 + .....+ 8) + 9 + 10
= (2 + 0) + (3 + 1) + (4 + 2) + (5 + 3) + (6 + 4) + (7 + 5) + (8 + 6) + (9 + 7) + (10 + 8)
 cot x cot 2 x cot 9 x 
=–    .....   +C
 1 2 9 
 A = – 1.

PART - III : MATCH THE COLUMN

Hkkx - III : dkWye dks lqesfyr dhft, (MATCH THE COLUMN )

1. Column – I Column – II
x  sin x 
(A) If F(x) =  dx and F(0) = 0, then the value of F(/2) is (p)
1  cos x 2
 x  
Let F(x) =  esin x  1 
1
(B)  dx and F(0) = 1, (q)
 1  x2  3
k 3 e / 6
If F(1/2) = , then the value of k is

dx 
(C) Let F(x) =  2 and F(0) = 0, (r)
(x  1) (x 2  9) 4
5
if F( 3 ) = k, then the value of k is
36

tan x
(D) Let F(x) =  sin x cos x dx and F(0) = 0 (s) 

2k
if F(/4) = , then the value of k is

Ans. (A)  (p), (B)  (p), (C)  (r), (D)  (s)

LrEHk – I LrEHk – II
x  sin x 
(A) ;fn F(x) =  dx vkSj F(0) = 0 gks] rks F(/2) dk eku gS (p)
1  cos x 2
 x  
ekukfd F(x) =  esin x 1 
1
(B)  dx vkSj F(0) = 1 gS] (q)
 1  x2  3
k 3 e / 6
;fn F(1/2) = gks] rks k dk eku gS

dx 
(C) ekukfd F(x) =  2 vkSj F(0) = 0 gS] (r)
(x  1) (x 2  9) 4
5
;fn F( 3 ) = k gks] rks k dk eku gS
36
tan x
(D) ekukfd F(x) =  sin x cos x dx vkSj F(0) = 0 gSS] (s) 

2k
;fn F(/4) = gks] rks k dk eku gS

Ans. (A)  (p), (B)  (p), (C)  (r), (D)  (s)
 x  sin x  1 x x
Sol. (A) F(x) =  1  cos x dx =   x 2
sec 2
2
 tan  dx = x tan x/2 + C
2
Since (pw¡fd) 0 = F(0)     C = 0 and (vkSj) F(/2) = /2

 x 
e
sin1 x
(B) F(x) = 1   dx
 1  x2 
 1 x  dx
e
sin1 x
=  1  x2   dx put sin–1x = t j[kus ij  dt
 1 x
2
1 x  2
1  x2
 F(x) = e
t
 1  sin2 t  sint  dt = e cos t + C = e
t sin1 x
1  x2 + C

 1 = F(0)  C=0
3 k 3 /6 
Hence, bl izdkj F(1/2) = e/6. = e (given fn;k x;k gS)  k=
2  2

dx 1  1 1  1  1 1 
(C) F(x) =  (x
 1) (x  9) 8  x  1 x  9  8   x 2  1 x 2  9 
22
  2
 2 =  dx =

1  1 1 x
 tan x  tan1  + C
8  3 3
1  1  5 5k 
0 = F(0) = C    .  = =  k=
8 3 3 6 144 36 4

1
tan x
(D) F(x) =  sin x cos x
dx =  (tan x) 2
sec2 x dx = 2 tan x + C

2k
 0 = F(0)  C=0  F(/4) = 2 =  k = 


dx
2. If I = ab cos x
, where a, b > 0 and a + b = u, a – b = v, then match the following column

dx
;fn I = ab cos x
, tgk¡ a, b > 0 vkSj a + b = u, a – b = v gks] rks fuEufyf[kr LrEHkksa dk feyku dhft,
Column – I Column – II [16JM120488]
LrEHk – I LrEHk– II
x
u v tan
1 2 +C
(A) v=0 (p) = n
uv x
u– v tan
2
2  v x 
(B) v>0 (q) = tan–1  tan  + C
uv  u 2 
x
u  –v tan
1 2
(C) v<0 (r)  = n
–u v u – –v tan
x
2
+C
2 x
(s) tan +C
u 2

Ans. (A)  (s) ; (B)  (q) ; (C)  (r)

 u
Sol. (A) v = 0  a = b, Also rFkk a + b = u  a =
2

1 dx 2 dx 2 1 x 2 x
Now, vc =  1  cos x   2 sec
2
= = dx = tan +C
a u x 2 u 2 u 2
2cos
2
(B) v > 0  a > b
x
sec 2 dx
dx dx
Now, vc  =  =  = 2
a  bcos x (a  b)  2bcos2
x x
(a  b)  (a  b)tan2
2 2
x 1 x
put tan = t j[kus ij  sec2 dx = dt
2 2 2

2 dt 2 dt
=  (a  b)  (a  b)  t 2
=
ab  ab
...(1)
t2   
ab
2 ab  ab  2 v x
= tan–1  t + C =
 tan–1 

tan  + C

ab ab  ab  u  

(C) v < 0  a – b < 0  b – a > 0

2 dt
Now vc I =
ba  ab (using equation (1) of part (B)) ¼Hkkx (B) dh lehdj.k (1) dk mi;ksx djus ij½
 t2
ba
ba x
t u  v tan
2 1 ba ba 1 2
= ln +C = ln +C
ba 2 ba ba uv x
t u  v tan
ba 2
 Marked questions are recommended for Revision.
 fpfUgr iz'u nksgjkus ;ksX; iz'u gSA

PART - I : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE

Hkkx-I : dsoy ,d lgh fodYi çdkj (ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE)

* In each question C is arbitrary constant

izR;sd iz'u esa C LosPN vpj gSA

1
1. Value of  sin (x  a) cos (x  b)
dx is equal to

1
 sin (x  a) cos (x  b)
dx cjkcj gS

1 sin (x  a) 1 cos (x  b)
(A*) n +C (B) n +C
cos (a  b) cos (x  b) cos (a  b) sin (x  a)
1 sin (x  a) 1 cos (x  a)
(C) n +C (D) n +C
sin (a  b) cos (x  b) sin (a  b) sin (x  b)

dx
Sol.  sin(x  a)cos(x  b)
1 cos((x  a)  (x  b)) 1  cos(x  a)cos(x  b) sin(x  a)sin(x b) 
=
cos(b  a)  sin(x  a)cos(x  b) dx = cos(b  a)   sin(x  a)cos(x  b)  sin(x  a)cos(x  b)  dx

1
 cot(x  a) dx   tan(x  b) dx 
cos(b  a)  
=

1 1 sin(x  a)
= [n |sin(x – a)| – n |cos (x – b)|] + C = n +C
cos(a  b) cos(a  b) cos(x  b)

2.  tan x. tan 2x. tan 3x dx = [16JM120489]

1 1 1 1
(A)  n | cos x |  n | sec 2x |  n | sec 3x | + C (B*)  n | sec x |  n | sec 2x |  n | sec 3x | + C
2 3 2 3
1 1
(C) n | cosx |  n | cos2x |  n | cos 3x | + C (D) n | sec x |  n | sec 2x |  | sec 3x | + C
2 3

Sol.  tan x tan2x tan3x dx

tan2x  tan x
=   tan3x  tan x  tan2x  dx as tSls fd tan 3x =
1  tan2x . tan x
1 1
=– n |cos 3x| + n |cos x| + n |cos 2x| + C
3 2
1 1
= –n |sec x| + n|sec 3x| – n |sec 2x| + C
3 2
3. The value of  (sin x. cos x. cos 2x. cos 4x. cos 8x. cos 16 x) dx is equal to

 (sin x. cos x. cos 2x. cos 4x. cos 8x. cos 16 x) dx dk eku gS &
sin 16 x cos 32 x cos 32 x cos 32 x
(A) +C (B*)  +C (C) +C (D)  +C
1024 1024 1096 1096
Sol.  sin x.cos x.cos 2x.cos 4x.cos8x.cos16x dx =
1
2  2sin x cos x.cos2x cos 4x cos8x cos16x dx

1 1 1 cos32x
=
25  sin32 x dx = –
2 5
×
32
× cos 32x + C = –
1024
+C

a2  x 2
4.  x
a2  x 2
dx =

1 2  x2  1 1  x2 
(A) a cos 1  2 + a4  x4 + C (B) sin 1  2 + a4  x 4 + C
2 a  2 2 a 
1 2  x2  1 1  x2  1
(C*) a sin 1  2  + a4  x 4 + C (D) cos 1  2  + a4  x 4 + C
2  
a 2 2 a  2
a2  x 2
Sol. = x a2  x 2
dx put x2 = a2 cos 2j[kus ij  2x dx = – 2a2 sin 2 d
1  cos 2 sin 
  = (– a2 sin2) d = –a2  cos  × 2 sin  cos  d
1  cos 2
a2 sin2 a2 x4 a2  x2 
= –a2  1  cos 2 d = –a2 +
2
+ C1 =
2
1
a4
–
2
cos –1
 2  + C1
a 
1 a2  x2 
= a4  x 4 + sin–1  2  + C
2 2 a 

x 1 1
5. The value of  .
x  1 x2
dx is equal to [16JM120490]

x 1 1
 .
x  1 x2
dx dk eku gS&

1 x2 1 x2 1 1
(A) sin 1 + +C (B) + cos 1 + C
x x x x
x2 1 x2 1
(C*) sec 1 x  +C (D) tan 1 x2 1  +C
x x
x 1 1 1 dx
Sol. =  x 1
× 2
x
dx Put
x
= cos 2j[kus ij – 2 = – 2 sin 2 d
x
1  cos 2
=  1  cos 2
2 sin 2 d

 1 1
 =  4 sin
2
 d  = 2 1  cos2  d = 2 – sin2 + C = cos–1   – 1  2  C
x x

n | x|
6. The value of  x 1  n | x|
dx equals :
 n | x|
 x 1  n | x|
dx dk eku gS&

2 2
(A*) 1  n x (nx 2) + C (B) 1  n x (nx+ 2) + C
3 3
1
(C) 1  n x (nx 2) + C (D) 2 1  n x (3 nx 2) + C
3
n| x| 1
Sol.  = dx Put 1 + n|x| = t2, then dx = 2t dt
x 1 n | x | x
t2  1  t3  2
 =  t
.2t dt = 2   t  + C =
 3  3
1  n | x | (n |x| – 2) + C

n| x|
Hindi. x 1 n | x |
dx

1
ekukfd 1 + n|x| = t2, rks dx = 2t dt
x
t2  1  t3  2
 =  .2t dt = 2   t  + C = 1  n | x | (n |x| – 2) + C
t  3  3

1
7. The value of  [(x  1) (x  2) ]
3 5 1/ 4
dx is equal to

1
 [(x  1) (x  2) ]
3 5 1/ 4
dx dk eku gS&
1/ 4 1/ 4
4  x 1 4  x 2
(A*) +C (B) +C
3  x  2  3  x  1 
1/ 4 1/ 4
1  x 1 1  x  1
(C) +C (D) +C
3  x  2  3  x  1
1
Sol. =  dx
[(x  1) (x  2)5 ]1/ 4
3

1 x 1 3
=   x 1 3/ 4
dx put
x2
 t j[kus ij 
(x  2)2
dx = dt
 x 2 (x  2)2
 
1/ 4
1 3 / 4 1 t1/ 4 4  x 1
3
 = t dt  +C= +C
3 (1/ 4) 3  x  2 

1 x
8. The value of  1 x
dx is equal to

1 x
 1 x
dx dk eku gS&

(A*) x 1 x  2 1  x + cos 1  x + C (B) x 1  x + 2 1  x + cos 1  x + C

(C) x 1  x  2 1  x  cos 1  x + C (D) x 1 x + 2 1  x  cos  x  + C
1

1 x
Sol.  1 x
dx put x = cos 2t j[kus ij  dx = –4 sin 2t cos 2t dt
 1  cos 2t sint
=  1  cos 2t
(– 4 sin 2t cos 2t) dt = –4 
cos t
.2sin t cos t cos 2t .dt

= –4  1  cos 2t  cos 2t dt =–4  cos 2t dt + 4  cos2 2t dt

4 sin 4t
=– sin 2t + 2  (cos 4t  1) dt = –2 sin 2t + 2 × + 2t + C
2 4
= –2 1 x + x 1 x + cos–1 x +C

x
9.  sin1
ax
dx is equal to [16JM120491]

x x
(A*) (a + x) arc tan  ax + C (B) (a + x) arc tan  ax + C
a a
x x
(C) (a – x) arc tan  ax + C (D) (a + x) arc cot  ax + C
a a

x
 sin
–1
Sol. = dx put x = a tan2j[kus ij  dx = 2a tan  sec2 d
ax
a tan2 
 sin
–1
 = × 2a tan sec2 d 
a sec 2 
= 2a  tan  sec 2  d = 2a [  tan  sec 2  d –  (1  tan  sec 2  d) d]
 sec 2  1 
= 2a  –  sec 2  d
 2 2 
x x x x 
= a [ tan2 – tan + ] + C = a  tan–1 –  tan–1 +C
 a a a a 
x
= (a + x) tan–1 – ax + C
a

 x  x  dx is equal to :
x
e
10. The value of  x

x  x 
x
e
 x
dx dk eku gS&

(A) 2e x
[ x  x 1 ]  C (B) 2e x
[x  2 x  1 ]  C
(C*) 2e x
[x  x  1 ]  C (D) 2e x
(x  x  1 )  C
e (x  x )
x
1
Sol.  = dx put x = t j[kus ij  dx = 2 dt
x x
  = 2  e t t  et .t 2  2t.et dt  et .t dt 
  = 2 et .t 2   t.et dt 
t 2
dt = 2 = 2
   
e t .t 2  t.e t  e t  + C

= 2et  t 2  t  1 + C = 2 e x [x – x + 1] + C
2 A
11. If I =  (x n x )( n x)3 dx = Axnx(nx)2 – B xnx + C, then is equal to :
x B

(A*) 1 (B) –1 (C) 2 (D) –2

 2 A
;fn I =  x (x )( n x)3 dx = Axnx(nx)2 – B xnx + C, rc cjkcj gS&
nx

(A*) 1 (B) –1 (C) 2 (D) –2

2 nx

nx nx
Sol. I= (x )( n(x ))dx
x

2 nx
put j[kus ij xnx = t  (x nx
)  dt
x

I=  n tdt = tnt – t + C = xnx(nx)2 – xnx + C

12. The value of  etan  (sec  – sin ) d is equal to [16JM120492]

 etan  (sec  – sin ) d dk eku gS&

(A)  etan  sin  + C (B) etan  sin  + C (C) etan  sec  + C (D*) etan  cos  + C

 sec   sin  
Sol.  =  etan   sec   sin   d =  e
tan 
 sec  d
2

 sec  
2

 
 1 sin   tan   1 tan   sec2 d
 =  etan     sec 2
 d =   1  tan2   1  tan2 
e 3/2 
 sec  sec    
2

 
1
= etan  . = etan . cos  + C
1  tan 
2

  x 
13. The value of  ln(1  sin x)  x tan  4  2  dx is equal to:

   x 
 ln(1  sin x)  x tan  4  2  dx dk eku gS&
(A*) x n (1 + sinx) + C (B) n (1 + sin x) + C
(C) – x n (1 + sin x) + C (D) n (1 – sin x) + C
  x   x
Sol.  ln(1  sin x)  x tan  4  2  dx =  n(1  sin x) dx   x tan    dx
4 2
1  x
= x.n (1+sinx) –  1  sin x cos x. x dx   x tan    dx
4 2
x x
 sin2 cos2
 x
= x.n (1+sinx) –  2 2 . x dx   x tan    dx = x n (1 + sinx) + C
4 2
2
 x x
 cos 2  sin 2 
 


n x  1 x 2  dx equals:
14. The value of  x. 1 x 2
[16JM120493]


n x  1 x 2  dx dk eku gS&
 x. 1 x 2

(A*) 1  x 2 n x  1 x 2   x+C
 (B)
x
2

. n2 x  1 x 2   x
1  x2
+C

(C)
x
2

. n2 x  1 x 2 + x
1  x2
+C

(D) 
1  x 2 n x  1 x 2  + x+C
n(x  1  x 2 )
Sol. x .
1  x2
dx

x
=  n (x  1  x 2 ) .
1  x2
dx

1
= 1  x2 n (x  1  x 2 ) –  1 x 2
. 1  x2 dx (using integration by parts)

= 1  x 2 n (x  1  x 2 ) – x + C
Alternate:
Let x + 1  x 2 = et then 1  x 2 – x = e– t
dx
= dt
1  x2
(et  e t )t dt 1 1 t
= x t dt =  2
=
2
t(et + e– t) –
2
(e – e– t) + C

= 1  x 2 n (x + 1  x 2 )– x + C.

n(x  1  x 2 )
Hindi x . 1  x2
dx

x
=  n (x  1  x 2 ) .
1  x2
dx

1
= 1  x2 n (x  1  x 2 ) –  1  x2
. 1  x2 dx ([k.M'k% lekdyu dk iz;ksx djus ij)

= 1  x2 n (x  1  x 2 ) – x + C
oSdfYid gy :
ekuk x + 1  x2 = et rc 1  x2 – x = e– t
dx
= dt
1  x2
(et  e t )t dt 1 1 t
= x t dt =  2
=
2
t(et + e– t) –
2
(e – e– t) + C

= 1  x 2 n (x + 1  x 2 )– x + C.

x tan1 x
15. If  1 x 2
dx = 1  x 2 f(x) + A n |x + x2  1 | + C, then
x tan1 x
;fn 
1  x2
dx = 1  x 2 f(x) + A n |x + x2  1 | + C, rc
(A*) f(x) = tan–1 x, A = –1 (B) f(x) = tan–1 x, A = 1
(C) f(x) = 2 tan–1 x , A = –1 (D) f(x) = 2 tan–1 x, A = 1
 x tan1 x dx
Sol.  1 x 2
Put x = tan   dx = sec2 d

tan  . 
 =  sec 
. sec 2  d =   tan  sec  d   1 . sec  d = sec  – n |sec  +

tan | + C
= 1  x 2 tan–1x – log x  1  x2 +C

x tan1 x dx
Hindi.  1 x 2
Put x = tan   dx = sec2 d

tan  . 
 =  sec 
. sec 2  d =   tan  sec  d   1 . sec  d = sec  – n |sec  +

tan | + C
= 1  x 2 tan–1x – log x  1  x2 +C

x  x 1
16.  x2
dx is equal to [16JM120494]

(A) (x+ 1) – 2 x  1  2 nx + 2 2tan 1 x 1 +C

(B) (x+ 1) + 2 x  2  2 nx + 2 2tan 1 x  2+C
(C*) (x+ 1) + 2 x  1  2 nx + 2 2tan 1
x  1+ C
(D) (x+ 1) + 2 x  2  2 nx + 1 2tan 1 x  2+C
x  x 1
Sol. =  x2
dx put x + 1 = t2 j[kus ij  dx = 2t dt

t2  1  t 2t 3  2t 2  2t
 = t 2
 1 2
.2t dt =  t2  1
dt

2t  1
=  (2t  2) dt  2 
t2  1
dt = t2 + 2t – 2 n (t2 + 1) – 2 tan–1 t + C

= (x+1) + 2 x  1  2 nx + 2 2tan 1 x  1 + C

1  cos x
17. The value of  cos   cos x
dx, where 0 <  < x < , is equal to

1  cos x
 cos   cos x
dx, tgk¡ 0 <  < x <  dk eku gS &

  x   x
(A) 2 n  cos  cos  + C (B) 2 n  cos  cos  + C
 2 2  2 2
x
 cos 
  x 2 +C
(C) 2 2 n  cos  cos  + C (D*)  2 sin 1 
 2 2  cos  
 2
1  cos x
Sol. =  cos   cos x
dx 0 <  < x < 

x x
2 sin dx sin dx
x 1 x
 
= 2 = 2 put cos = t j[kus ij  – sin dx = dt
 x  x 2 2 2
2cos2  1  2cos2  1 cos2  cos2
2 2 2 2
  x
 2 dt  cos 2 
 =   2
= –2 sin–1   +C
 cos  
cos2 t  2
2

sin x  sin3 x
18. If  = cos2x
dx = A cosx + B n |f(x)| + C, then

sin x  sin3 x
;fn  =  dx = A cosx + B n |f(x)| + C gks] rks&
cos2x
1 – 1 2 cos x – 1 1 –3 2 cos x – 1
(A) A= ,B= , f(x) = (B) A=– ,B= , f(x) =
4 2 2 cos x  1 2 4 2 2 cos x  1
1 3 2 cos x  1 1 – 3 2 cos x – 1
(C) A=– ,B= , f(x) = (D*) A= ,B= , f(x) =
2 2 2 cos x – 1 2 4 2 2 cos x  1
sin x(1  sin 2 x)
Sol. =  put cos x = t j[kus ij = – sin x dx = dt
2cos 2 x – 1
2 – t2 t2 – 2 1 2t 2 – 4 1 3 dt
=–  2
2t – 1
dt =  2
2t – 1
dt = 
2 2t – 1
2
dt =
2  dt – 
2 2t – 1
2

t 3 1 2 t –1 1 3 2 cos x – 1
= – · n +C = cosx – n +C
2 2 2 2 2 t 1 2 4 2 2 cos x  1
1 –3 2 cos x – 1
A= ,B= , f(x) = n
2 4 2 2 cos x  1
1 3 2 cos x  1
or (;k) A = ,B= , f(x) = n
2 4 2 2 cos x – 1

1
19. The value of  cos x  sin6 x
6
d x is equal to

1
 cos6 x  sin6 x
d x dk eku gS&
(A) tan 1 (tan x + cot x) + C (B)  tan 1 (tan x + cot x) + C
(C*) tan (tan x  cot x) + C
1
(D)  tan 1 (tan x  cot x) + C
1 1
Sol. =  dx =  dx
cos x  sin x
6 6 2

cos x  sin x
2
 
cos x  sin 4 x  cos 2 x sin 2 x
4

dx sec 4 x 1  tan x  sec x dx
2 2

=  =  sec 4 x  3 tan2 x dx =  1  tan x  3 tan x

1  3sin2 x cos2 x
 
2
2 2

sec 2 x(1  tan2 x)

=  tan
4
x  tan2 x  1
dx

 1 
1 
2
 sec x
=   
2
tan x
dx Put tan x = t j[kus ij  sec2 x dx = dt
 1 
 tan 2
x   2   1
 tan2 x 
  1
1  2 
 t   1
 =  dt = tan–1  t  t  + C = tan (tan x – cot x) + C.
–1

 2 1   
 t  2  2  1
 t 

20. Consider the following statements : 16JM120495]

fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft, :
S1 : The antiderivative of every even function is an odd function.
S1 : izR;sd le Qyu dk çfrvodyt ,d fo"ke Qyu gksrk gSA
3 x4  1 x
S2 : Primitive of w.r.t. x is + C.
x  x4  x  1
2
4
 x 1
3x  1
4
x
S2 : dk x ds lkis{k lekdyu + C gSA
x  x4  x  1
2
4
 x 1
1 2
S3 :  3
sin x cos x
dx =
tan x
+ C.

1 2
S3 :  3
sin x cos x
dx dk eku
tan x
+ C gSA

 ax ax 
S4 : The value of     dx is equal to – 2 a2  x 2 + C
 ax a  x 

 ax ax 
S4 :     dx dk
a  x 
eku – 2 a2  x2 + C gSA
 ax
State, in order, whether S1, S2, S3, S4 are true or false
S1, S2, S3, S4 ds lR; (T) ;k vlR; (F) gksus dk lgh Øe gS &
(A*) FFTT (B) TTTT (C) FFFF (D) TFTF
Sol. S1 : Obvious Li"Vr;k
3x 4  1 x x 3x 4  1
S2 : If primitive of is + C, then derivative of 4 + C must be
x  x  x 1 x  x 1  x 4  x  1
2 4 2
4
 x 1
Now
x
Let f(x) = +C
x4  x  1

 f(x) =
 x4  x  1  x  4x3  1 =
3x 4  1
x  x 
2 2
4
 x 1 4
 x 1
Hence given statement is false.

3x 4  1 x x 3x 4  1
Hindi. ;fn dk lekdyu + C gS ] rks + C dk vodyu gksuk pkfg,A
x  x4  x  1 x4  x  1  x 4  x  1
2 2
4
 x 1
x
vc ekuk f(x) = +C
x  x 1 4

 f(x) =
 x4  x  1  x  4x3  1 =
3x 4  1
x  x 
2 2
4
 x 1 4
 x 1
bl izdkj fn;k x;k dFku vlR; gSA
 dx
  sin
3 / 2
S3 : Let ekuk  = = x cos1/ 2 x dx
3
sin x.cos x
 tan
3 / 2
= x.sec 2 x dx put tan x = t j[kus ij  sec2 x dx = dt
2
t
3 / 2
 = dt = +C
tan x
 ax ax 
S4 : Sol. Let ekuk  =     dx
 ax a  x 

2x
=  dx = – 2 a2  x2 + C
a  x2
2

1 2k
21. If n =  (sin x  cos x) n dx , snd n = (sinx + cosx)n–1 (sinx – cosx) + n–2 then k =
n n

(A) (n+ 1) (B*) (n – 1) (C) (2n+ 1) (A) (2n– 1)

1 2k
;fn n =  (sin x  cos x)n dx , vkSj n = (sinx + cosx)n–1 (sinx – cosx) + n–2 rc k =
n n

(A) (n+ 1) (B*) (n – 1) (C) (2n+ 1) (A) (2n– 1)

 (sin x  cos x)
n 1
Sol. n = (sin x  cos x)dx

n = (sinx + cosx)n–1 (–cosx + sinx) – (n – 1)  (sin x  cos x)

n2
 (cos x  sin x)(  cos x  sin x)dx

 n = (sinx + cosx)n–1 (sinx – cosx)+ (n – 1)(sinx + cosx)n–2 (2 – (sinx + cosx)2)dx

 n = (sinx + cosx)n–1 (sinx – cosx) + 2(n – 1)n–2 – (n – 1)n

 nn = (sinx + cosx)n–1 (sinx – cosx) + 2(n – 1)n–2

1 2(n  1)
 n = (sinx + cosx)n–1 (sinx – cosx) + n–2
n n

PART - II : SINGLE AND DOUBLE VALUE INTEGER TYPE

Hkkx - II : ,dy ,oa f}&iw.kk±d eku izdkj ¼SINGLE AND DOUBLE VALUE INTEGER TYPE½

* In each question C is arbitrary constant

2sin x  sin2x
1. If f(x) =  x3
dx, where x  0, then Limit f  (x) has the value
x 0

2sin x  sin2x
;fn f(x) =  dx, tgk¡ x  0 gks] rks Limit f  (x) dk eku gS&
x3 x 0

Ans. 01.00

2sin x  sin2x
Sol. f(x) =  x3
dx
 2
x  x
2sin2 sin 
2sin x  sin2x 2sinx 1  cos x  sin x  2 2  2  sin x   2
f(x) = = . = 2  . 2 =  . 
x3 x x2  x  x 4  x   x 
4  
4  2 
2
 x
 sin x   sin 2 
lim f(x) = lim   . lim   =1
x 0 x 0
 x  x 0  x 
 
 2 

1  1  k
2. If  sin4 x cos4 x dx = 
k 
a x  sin 4 x  . sin 8 x   C then value of
8  a
is

1  1  k
;fn  sin4 x cos4 x dx = 
k 
a x  sin 4 x  . sin 8 x   C rc
8  a
dk eku gS : [16JM120496]
Ans. 42.66 or 42.67

2
1  1  cos 4x 
 1  cos 
1 1
 sin x  sin 2x
 4x  2cos 4x
4
Sol. cos4 x dx = 4
 dx =  dx = 2
dx
16 16  2  64
1 1 1  1  cos8x 
64  32  64  
= dx – cos 4x dx +   dx
2 
x sin 4x 1 x 1 sin8x
= – + × + +C
64 128 64 2 128 8
3 1 sin8x
= x– sin 4x + +C
128 128 128  8
1  sin8x 
= 3x  sin4x  +C
128  8 

3x  2
3. Let f(x) be the primitive of w.r. to x. If f(10) = 60 then value of f(11) is.
x9
3x  2
ekuk dk x ds lkis{k lekdyu f(x) gSA ;fn f(10) = 60 rc f(11) dk eku gksxk &
x9
Ans. 87.68

3x  2
Sol. f(x) =  x9
dx put x – 9 = t2 j[kus ij


= 2 (29  3t 2 )dt

f(x) = 2(29 x  9 + (x – 9)3/2) + C

 f(10) = 60  C=0

f(x) = 2(29 x  9 + (x – 9)3/2)

f(11) = 62 2
    
3/2
4  x2 a  x2 . x2  b
4. If  x6
dx =
120 x5
+ C then a2 + b2 equals to :

[16JM120497]

a  x   
3/2
4  x2
2
. x2  b
;fn  x6
dx =
120 x 5
+ C rc a2 + b2 cjkcj gS
Ans. 52.00
4  x2
Sol.  = dx Put x = 2 tan j[kus ij  dx = 2 sec2  d
x6
2sec .2sec 2  d 1 cos3  d
 = 
26 tan6 
=
24  sin6 

1  1  sin2  
=
24   sin6  
 cos  d put sin  = t j[kus ij  cos  d = dt

1 dt 1 1  1 1  1  5sin2   3 
=
24  t6 –  t 4 dt =
16  3t 3

5t 
5
+ C = 
16  15sin5  
 +C

x x
but ysfdu tan  = So blfy, sin  =
2 4  x2
 
 5x 
2
3       
 x2  4 3 / 2  x 
6 
3/2
1  x2  4  1  2x  12 x2  4
2 2
 +C= 1   +C
=   + C =
16  15x 5  16  15x5  120  x5 
   
 
 x 2  4 5 / 2
 


x  x3 / 2 
5. If  a3  x 3
dx = k sin 1
 3 / 2  + C, then k equals to.
a 
x  x3 / 2 
;fn 
a x 3
dx = k sin 1  3 / 2  + C, rc k dk eku gksxk &
3
a 
Ans. 00.66 or 00.67
x 2 cos 
Sol.  = 3 dx put x3 = a3 sin2 j[kus ij  x = a sin2/3   dx = a × d
a  x3 3 sin1/ 3 

asin2 / 3  2a  cos   sin1/ 3  2a cos  2
  =  
a3 1  sin2  
×   d =
3  sin1/ 3    a cos  × 3 sin1/ 3  d = 3  + C
2  x  3/2

= sin–1    +C
3  a  
 

x dx
6. If  =k 1  1  x2 + C then k4 equals to : [16JM120498]
1 x 
3
1 x  2 2

x dx
;fn  =k 1  1  x2 + C rc k4 dk eku gksxk &
1 x 
3
1  x2  2

Ans. 16.00
 x dx
Sol. =  Put 1 + x2 = t2 , then 2x dx = 2t dt
1  x  (1  x )
2 2 3

t dt dt
 =  t t2 3
=  1 t
=2 1 t = 2 1 1  x2 + C

x dx
Hindi =  1 + x 2 = t2 j[kus ij 2x dx = 2t dt
1  x  (1  x )
2 2 3

t dt dt
 =  t t
2 3
=  1 t
=2 1 t = 2 1 1  x2 + C

x cos3 x  sin x
7. If  esin x .
cos2 x
dx = esinx f(x) + C such that f(0) = –1 then value of f(4) is

x cos3 x  sin x
;fn  esin x . dx = esinx f(x) + C bl izdkj gS fd f(0) = –1 rc f(4) dk eku gksxk &
cos2 x
Ans. 11.56 or 11.57
sin x x cos x  sin x
3

  e (x cos x  tan x sec x) dx

sin x
Sol. e . dx = =
cos2 x
 e . x cos x dx   e tan x sec xdx
sin x sin x

(by parts integration) ([k.M'k% lekdyu ls)

= xe sin x
  1. e sin x
dx  [e sin x
sec x   esin x cos x.sec xdx]  C
= esin x (x  sec x)  C  f(x) = x – sec x

f(4) = 4 – 1

1  2cos x 
8. Let g(x) =  (cos x  2) 2
dx and g(0) = 0 then value of g   is.
2
[16JM120499]

1  2cos x   
ekuk g(x) =  (cos x  2) 2
dx rFkk g(0) = 0 rc g   cjkcj gS
2
Ans. 00.50
1  2cos x cos x(cos x  2)  sin2 x
Sol. g(x) =  (cos x  2) 2
dx ; g(x) =
 (cos x  2)2
dx

1 sin2 x
g(x) =
 cos x.
(cos x  2)
dx 
(cos x  2)2 
dx

1 ( sin x) sin2 x
=
(cos x  2)
.sin x  
(cos x  2)2
.sin 
xdx 
(cos x  2)2
dx 
sin x
g(x) = C
(cos x  2)
g(0) = 0  C=0
sin x
g(x) =
cos x  2
 1
g  
2 2
9. If f(x) = x  1 ; g(x) = ex and  fog(x)dx = Afog(x) + Btan (fog(x)) + C then A + B equals
–1 3 2

;fn f(x) = x  1 ; g(x) = ex vkSj  fog(x)dx = Afog(x) + Btan (fog(x)) + C rc A + B cjkcj gS

–1 3 2

Ans. 12.00
Sol. fog(x) = ex  1

 fog(x)dx =  e x  1 dx put ex – 1 = t2

2t 2
=  1 t 2
dt = 2t – 2tan–1t + C = 2 e x  1  2 tan1 ex  1  C

A3 + B2 = 23 + (–2)2 = 12

2 sin 2   cos  p2 + q2
10. If  6  cos   4 sin 
2
d = p n sin2   4 sin   5 + q tan 1(sin r) + C then value of
r
is

[16JM120500]
2 s i n 2  c o s p2 + q2
;fn  6  c o s2   4 s i n n     rc dk eku
2 1
d = p sin 4 sin 5 + q tan (sin r) + C
r
cjkcj gS &
Ans. 26.50
2 sin 2   cos 
Sol. =  6  cos 2   4 sin 
d

(4 sin   1) cos 
=  6  (1  sin2 )  4 sin 
d put sin  = t j[kus ij  cos  d = dt

(4 t  1) dt (2t 4)  7 / 2 1
 =  5  t 2  4t
=2  t  4t  5
2
dt = 2 [n|t2 – 4t + 5|] + 7
(t  2)2  (1)2
dt

t 2
= 2 [n|t2 – 4t + 5|] + 7 tan–1    C = 2 n sin   4 sin   5 + 7 tan (sin 2) + C
2 1

 1 

(x  1)2 1  x2  1 b  2 x 2  1
11. If  x  x 1
4 2
dx = tan 1    tan 1 

 + C then a + b equals to :

2 2

a  x 3  a 3
(x  1)2
1  x 1
2
 b  2 x  1
2
;fn  x4  x2  1
dx = tan 1 
 x 3 
 tan 1 
 3 
 + C rc a + b cjkcj gS
2 2

a   a

Ans. 13.00
(x  1)2 x2  1 2x
Sol.  dx =  dx   4 dx = 1 – 2
x  x 1
4 2
x  x 1
4 2
x  x2  1
1
1 2
1  1
Now vc 1 =  x dx put x – = t j[kus ij   1  2  dx  dt
 x 
2
 1 x
x  x  3
 

 1
dt 1 x x
 1 =  2  tan–1    C1
t 3 3  3 
 

2x
Also rFkk 2 = x 4
 x2  1
dx put x2 = t j[kus ij  2x dx = dt
 –1  2x  1 
2
dt dt 2
  t2  t  1 
2 =  2
= tan    C2
 1  3   3 
2
3
 t  2    2 
   
(x  1)2
1  x  1
2
2  2 x 2  1
 x4  x2  1
dx = tan 1

x 3    tan 1

 3 
 +c
3   3

1  x cos x x 2 e2 sin x
12. If  x 1  x 2
e 2sin x

dx = k n
1  x 2 e2 sin x
 C then k is equal to : [16JM120501]

1  x cos x x 2 e2 sin x
;fn  x 1  x 2
e2sin x 
dx = k n
1  x 2 e2 sin x
 C rc k cjkcj gS

Ans. 01.00
1  x cos x
Sol.  x 1  x 2
e2sin x 
dx

Put xesinx = t (j[kus ij)  (xesinx. cosx + esinx) dx = dt  esinx(x cosx + 1) dx = dt

dt 1
 =  =  dt
t(1  t 2 ) t(1  t)(1  t)
1 A B C
Let (ekuk) =  
t(1  t)(1  t) t (1  t) 1  t
1 = A (1 – t)(1+ t) + B(t) (1+t) + C(t)(1 – t)
put t = 0 (j[kus ij)  A=1
Put t = 1 (j[kus ij)  B = 1/2
Put t = –1 (j[kus ij)  C = –1/2
1 1 1  1 1
 =   t  2(1  t)  2(1  t)  dt = n |t| –
2
n |1–t| – n |1+t| + C
2
1 x 2 e2 sin x
= n |x esinx| – log |1– x2 e2 sinx| + C =n C
2 1  x 2 e2 sin x

x4  1 B
13. If  dx = A n x + + C, then A + B equals to :
  1  x2
2
x x2  1
x 1 4
B
;fn  dx = A n x + + C, rc A + B dk eku gS&
  1  x2
2
x x2  1
Ans. 02.00
x4  1 B
Sol.  x(x 2  1)2 dx = A n |x| + 1  x2 + C
x4  1 (x 2  1)2  2x 2 1 2x 1
 x(x 2  1)2 dx =  x(x 2  1)2 dx = x dx –  (x 2
 1)2
dx = n |x| +
1  x2
+C

x4  1 B
Hindi  x(x 2
 1)2
dx = A n |x| +
1  x2
+C

x4  1 (x 2  1)2  2x 2 1 2x 1
 x(x 2  1)2 dx =  x(x 2  1)2 dx = x dx –  (x 2
 1)2
dx = n |x| +
1  x2
+C
14. If 
1
1  sin4 x
dx =
1
a b
tan 1
1
 
a tan x + tan x + C then value of a3 + b3 is:
b
[16JM120502]
;fn 
1
1  sin x
4
dx =
1
a b
tan 1
1
b

a tan x + tan x + C rc a3 + b3 dk eku gksxk  &
Ans. 16.00

1 sec 4 x sec 2 x. sec 2 x dx

Sol. =  1  sin 4 x
dx =  sec 4 x – tan4 x dx =  sec 2 x  tan2 x
(1  tan2 x) sec 2 x dx
=  2 tan2 x  1
put tan x = t j[kus ij  sec2x dx = dt

1 2  2t 2 1 1  1 1
 =  dt =   dt   2 dt  = t  tan1( 2 t)  C
2 2t  1
2
2 2t  1  2 2 2
1 1
= tan x  tan1( 2 tan x)  C
2 2 2

cos3 x  cos5 x q p  2r
15. If  sin x  sin x
2 4
dx = p sin x –
sin x
– r tan–1 (sinx) + C then value of
q
is

cos3 x  cos5 x q p  2r
;fn  sin x  sin x
2 4
dx = p sin x –
sin x
– r tan–1 (sinx) + C rc
q
dk eku gksxk &
Ans. 06.50
cos3 x  cos5 x (2  3sin2 x  sin4 x)cos x
Sol. = 
sin2 x  sin4 x
dx =
 sin2 x(1  sin2 x)
dx

Let ekuk sinx = t

2  3t 2  t 4  2 6  2 2
=
 t t
2 4 
 1  2  2
 t
 dt = t  t – 6 tan (t) + c = sinx – sin x – 6tan (sinx) + C
t  1
–1 –1

dx
16. If  = a cot x + b tan3 x + C, where C is an arbitrary constant of integration, then the
3 5
sin x cos x
values of a2 + 10b equals to : [16JM120503]
dx
;fn  3 5
= a cot x + b tan3 x + C, tgk¡ C LosPN vpj gS rc a2 + 10b dk eku cjkcj gS
sin x cos x
Ans. 10.66 or 1067
dx dx sec 4 x dx
Sol. =  =  
sin3 x cos5 x tan3 x cos8 x tan3 x
(1  tan2 x) sec 2 x 2 1/ 3
=  tan x 3
dx Let (ekuk) tanx = t2/3  sec2x dx =
3
t dt

(1  t 4 / 3 ) 2 1/ 3 2 2 4 / 3 2  t 1/ 3 
 =  t 3
t dt =
3
(1  t 4 / 3 ) .t 4 / 3 dt =
3  (t  1) dt =   t  C
3  ( 1/ 3) 
2 2
= 2 t 1/ 3  tC = 2 cot x  tan3 / 2 x  C  a = –2, b = 2/3
3 3
 PART - III : ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE
Hkkx - III:,d ;k ,d ls vf/kd lgh fodYi çdkj (ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE)
* In each question C is arbitrary constant
izR;sd iz'u esa C LosPN vpj gSA

1. The value of  2mx. 3nx dx (when m, n  N) is equal to :

 2mx. 3nx dx ¼tc m, n  N) dk eku gS&

(A)
2mx  3nx
+ C (B*)
e 
+ C (C*)
2mx . 3nx
m n2  n n3 x
+C (D)
mn . 2x . 3x +C
m n 2  n n3 m n2  n n3 n 2m .3n   m n2  n n3
2mx. 3nx
 
x
 2 . 3 dx =  2 . 3 C
mx nx m n
Sol. I= dx =
n (2m. 3n )

 1 x 
2. If f   = x and g(x) = f(x) dx then
 1 x   [16JM120504]

(A*) g(x) is continuous in domain (B) g(x) is discontinuous at two points in its domain
x2  1 x 
(C*) lim g'(x) = –1
x
(D)
 g(x)dx  
2
 (2x  1) n 
 e 
C

 1 x 
;fn f   = x vkSj g(x) =  f(x) dx rc
 1 x 

(A*) g(x), izkUr esa lrr~ gSA (B) g(x), blds izkUr esa nks fcUnqvksa ij vlrr~ gSA
x2  1 x 
(C*) lim g'(x) = –1
x
(D)
 g(x)dx  
2
 (2x  1) n 
 e 
C

 1 x  1 x
Sol. f x  f(x) =
 1 x  1 x
1 x
g(x) =  f(x)dx =  1 xdx
x2
g(x) = –x + 2n|1 + x| + c ;  g(x)dx  
2
 2x n(x  1)  2x  2 n(x  1)  c

1 x
g'(x) =
1 x
lim g'(x) = –1
x

1
 tan xdx = A tan4x –
5
3. If = tan2x +Bn|secx| + C then
2
1
;fn =  tan5 xdx = A tan4x – tan2x +Bn|secx| + C rc
2
1 1
(A*) A = (B) A = (C*) B = 1 (D) B = – 1
4 2
 tan  tan x  sec x  1 dx 
5 3 2
Sol. xdx =

tan4 x tan2 x
=  tan x sec xdx   tan x sec x  1 dx =
3 2 2
  4
–
2
+ n|secx| + C

 {1  2 tan x(tan x  sec x)}

1/ 2
4. The value of dx is equal to [16JM120505]
  {1  2 tan x(tan x  sec x)} dx dk eku gS&
1/ 2

(A) n |sec x (sec x – tan x)| + C (B) n |cosec x (sec x + tan x)| + C
(C*) n |sec x (sec x + tan x)| + C (D*) –n |cosx(sec x – tan x)|+ C

 {sec x  tan x  2 tan x sec x}

2 2 1/ 2
Sol. dx
=  (sec x  tan x) dx
= n |(sec x + tan x)|+ n |sec x| + C
= n |sec x (sec x + tan x)| + C

x 1
n  
 1
x
5. The value of  x2  1
dx is equal to

x 1
n  
 x 1
 x 1
2
dx dk eku gS&
1 x 1 1 x 1 1 x 1 1 2 x 1
(A) n2 +C (B*) n2 +C (C) n2 +C (D*) n +C
2 x 1 4 x 1 2 x 1 4 x 1
 x  1
n  
 x  1  dx  x  1 2
Sol.  = put n   = t j[kus ij  dx = dt
x2  1  x  1 x 1
2

dt t2
 = t 2 =
4
+C

 x  1 1  x  1
= log2  x  1 + C = log2   +C
  4  x  1

n (tan x)
6. The value of  sin x cos x
dx is equal to

n (tan x)
 sin x cos x
dx dk eku gS&
1 2 1 2
(A*) n (cot x) + C (B) n (sec x) + C
2 2
1 1
(C*) n2 (sin x sec x) + C (D*) n2 (cos x cosec x) + C
2 2

n (tan x) 1
Sol. =  sin x cos x
dx put n tanx = t j[kus ij 
sin x cos x
dx  dt

t2 1 1 1 2
 = t dt 
2
 C  ( n tan x)2  C = ( ncot x)2 + C =
2 2 2
( n cot x)  C

1 2 1
= n (sin x sec x)  C = n2 (cos x cosec x) + C
2 2

cos3 x
7. The value of  sin2 x  sin x
d x is equal to :

cos3 x
 sin x  sin x
2
d x dk eku gS&
 (A) n sin x + sin x + C (B*) n sin x  sin x + C
(C*)  n cosec x  sin x + C (D)  n sin x + sin x + C
cos3 x cos x . (1  sin 2 x)
Sol. =  sin dx =  dx Put sin x = t , then cosx dx = dt
2
x  sin x sin x(1  sin x)
(1  t)(1  t) dt
 =  = n | t | – t + C = n |sin x| – sinx + C
t (1  t)

cos3 x cos x . (1  sin 2 x)

Hindi. =  sin dx =  dx
x  sin x 2
sin x(1  sin x)
sin x = t j[kus ij] cosx dx = dt
(1  t)(1  t) dt
=  = n | t | – t + C = n |sin x| – sinx + C
t (1  t)

 x 1 dx f(x)
8. If x 2
2 x  2x  1
2
=
g(x)
+ C, where f(x) is a quadratic expression and g(x) is a monic linear

expression. [16JM120506]

 x 1 dx f(x)
;fn x 2
2 x  2x  1
2
=
g(x)
+ C tgk¡ f(x) f}?kkr O;atd gS rFkk g(x) ,d ?kkrh; jSf[kd O;atd gS rc

(A*) f(x) = 2x2 – 2x + 1 (B) g(x) = x + 1

(C*) g(x) = x (D) f(x) = 2x2 – 2x
(x  1) dx (x  1) dx
Sol. =  = 
x 2x 2  2x  1
2
2 1
x3 2 
x x2
2 1  x  1
Put 2 – + 2 = t2 , then  3  dx = t dt
x x  x 
t dt 2 1 2x 2  2x  1
 =  t
=t+C = 2 
x x2
+C =
x
+C

So f(x) = 2x 2  2x  1 and g(x) = x

(x  1) dx (x  1) dx
Hindi = x 2
2x  2x  1
2
=  2 1
x3 2  
x x2
2 1  x  1
ekuk 2 – + 2 = t2 , rks  3  dx = t dt
x x  x 
t dt 2 1 2x 2  2x  1
 =  t
=t+C = 2 
x x2
+C =
x
+C

vr% f(x) = 2x 2  2x  1 vkSj g(x) = x

9. If  e3x cos 4x dx = e3x (A sin 4x + B cos 4x) + C then :

;fn  e3x cos 4x dx = e3x (A sin 4x + B cos 4x) + C gks] rks &
(A) 4A = 3B (B) 2A = 3B (C*) 3A = 4B (D*) 4A + 3B = 1

Sol. = e
3x
cos 4x dx = e3x  A sin4x  Bcos 4x  + C ....(i)
 1 3x 3 1 3 3x 9
= e sin 4x –  e3x sin4x dx = e3x sin4x + e cos 4x –  16 e
3x
cos 4x dx
4 4 4 16
25
16
=
1
16
 4e3x sin 4x  3e3x cos 4x 
comparing with equation (i)
lehdj.k (i) ls rqyuk djus ij
4 3 A 4
 A= ,B=  =  3A = 4B 4A + 3B = 1
25 25 B 3

sin1 x  cos 1 x
10. I=  sin 1
x  cos 1 x
dx equals to [16JM120507]

sin1 x  cos 1 x
I=  sin 1
x  cos 1 x
dx cjkcj gS
2 2
(A*) –x + (2x – 1)sin–1 x + x  x2 + C
 
4x 2 2
(B*) x – cos–1 x – sin–1 x + x 1 x + C
  
2 2
(C) –x + (2x + 1)cos–1 x + x 1 x + C
 
4x
(D) x – sin–1 x + C


Sol.  sin–1 x + cos–1 x =
2
2  
 I =    2cos 1 x  dx
 2 
4 4  1 1
=x–  cos1 x dx = x – cos
1
x.x   x. . dx
   1 x 2 x
4x 2 x
=x–

cos–1 x –
  1 x
dx

4x 2
=x– cos–1 x – (sin–1 x – x 1 x ) + C
 

x2  x  1
11. If  e x dx = exf(x) + C then
1  x 
32
2

(A*) f(x) is a an even function

(B*) f(x) is a bounded function
(C*) Range of f(x) is (0, 1]
(D) f(x) has two points of exterma.
x2  x  1 x
;fn  e dx = exf(x) + C rc
 
32
1  x2
(A*) f(x) leQyu gSA
(B*) f(x) ifjc) Qyu gSA
(C*) f(x) dk ifjlj (0, 1] gSA
(D) f(x) ds pje eku ds nks fcUnq gSA
 
x 1 x  dx
Sol. I=   1  x2  1  x2
e 32 

   

  e (f  x   f '  x )dx = f(x)e
x
I= x
+C
1
I = ex. +C
1  x2
1
f(x) =
1  x2

4e x  6e  x
12. If  9e
x
 4e  x
dx = Ax + B n |9e2x – 4| + C, then [16JM120508]

4e x  6e  x
;fn  x dx = Ax + B n |9e2x – 4| + C gks] rks&
9e  4e  x
(A*) A + 18B = 16 (B*) 18B – A = 19
(C) A –18B = 17 (D) A + 18B = 32

4e x  6e  x
Sol.  9e x
 4e  x
. dx = Ax + Bn |9e2x – 4| + C

put 4ex + 6e–x = P  9e x  4e  x  + Q (9ex + 4e–x) j[kus ij

 and rFkk 6 = 4Q – 4P
4 = 9P + 9Q
19 35
comparing, rqyuk djus ij P = – ,Q=
36 36
x
35 9e  4e
x
=–
19
36 
dx +
36  9e x  4e  x
dx = –
19
36
.x +
35
36
n 9ex  4e x +C  
=–
19
36
x+
35
36
n 9e2x  4 – 
35
36
x+C=  35
36
n 9e2x  4 –
54
36
x+C  
=
35
36
3
n 9e2x  4 – x + C
2

3 35
So blfy, A = – , B = ,CR
2 36

x 2  cos2 x
13. The value of  1  x2
cosec2 x dx is equal to:

x 2  cos2 x
 1  x2
cosec2 x dx dk eku gS&
(A) cot x  cot 1 x + C (B*) C  cot x + cot 1 x
cos ecx 1
(C*)  tan 1 x  +C (D) – cot x + C
sec x tan1 x

x 2  cos2 x 1
 1  x 2 cosec2 x dx =  cosec xdx  1 x dx = – cotx – tan–1x + C
2
Sol. 2

= – cotx – cot–1x + C ....... (1)

cos ecx
=  tan 1 x  +C ....... (2)
sec x
1
= e ntan x
– cotx + C ....... (3)
 dx  1
14. The value of  xx
;  x   is equal to
 2 2

dx  1
 xx
; x  
2 2 
dk eku gS&

(A*) 2 sin 1 x+C (B*) sin 1 (2x  1) + C

(C) C  2 cos 1 (2x  1) (D*) cos 1 2 x  x2  C
dx dx
Sol. =  = 
xx 2
1  1
2

x  
4  2
 1
x  2
= sin–1   = sin-1 (2x – 1) + C ..... (1)
1/ 2
dx 1
Also rFkk =  put x = t j[kus ij  dx = dt
x 1 x 2 x
2 dt
 = 
1  t2
= 2 sin–1 x + C .......(2)

Now Let vc ekuk  = sin–1 (2x – 1)

 sin  = 2x – 1  cos  = 1  (2x  1)2 = 1  4x2  4x  1 = 2 x  x2
  = cos–1 2 x  x2

x3  1
15.  x3  x dx is equal to
(A) x – n |x| + n (x2 + 1) – tan–1x + C
1
(B*) x – n |x| + n (x2 + 1) – tan–1x + C
2
1
(C) x + n |x| + n (x2 + 1) + tan–1x + C
2
x2  1
(D*) x + n + cot–1x + C
x2
x3  1
x 3
x
dx dk eku gS&

(A) x – n |x| + n (x2 + 1) – tan–1x + C

1
(B*) x – n |x| + n (x2 + 1) – tan–1x + C
2
1
(C) x + n |x| + n (x2 + 1) + tan–1x + C
2
x2  1
(D*) x + n + cot–1x + C
x2
x3 – 1  1 1 x 
Sol.  x3  x dx =  1– 1  x 2
–  2
x x  1 
dx

1
= x – tan–1x – n|x| + n (x2 + 1) + C
2
16. The value of 2  sin x . cos ec4x dx is equal to [16JM120509]

1 1  2 sin x 1 1  sin x
(A*) n – n +C
2 2 1  2 sin x 4 1  sin x

1 1  2 sin x 1 1  sin x
(B*) n – n +C
2 2 1  2 sin x 2 cos x

1 1  2 sin x 1 1  sin x
(C) n – n +C
2 2 1  2 sin x 4 1  sin x

1 1  2 sin x 1 1  sin x
(D*)  n  n C
2 2 1  2 sin x 4 1  sin x

2  sin x . cos ec4x dx dk eku gS&

1 1  2 sin x 1 1  sin x
(A*) n – n +C
2 2 1  2 sin x 4 1  sin x

1 1  2 sin x 1 1  sin x
(B*) n – n +C
2 2 1  2 sin x 2 cos x

1 1  2 sin x 1 1  sin x
(C) n – n +C
2 2 1  2 sin x 4 1  sin x

1 1  2 sin x 1 1  sin x
(D*)  n  n C
2 2 1  2 sin x 4 1  sin x
sin x dx
Sol. =2  sin x . cos ec 4x dx = 2 
4 sin x cos x cos2x
1 cos xdx
=
2  (1  sin 2
x)(1  2sin2 x)
Put sinx = t, then cos x dx = dt

1 dt
 =
2  (1  t 2
)(1  2t 2 )
1 1 2 
=    1  t 2 dt   1  2t 2 dt  [By partial fraction]
2 
1  1 1 t 2  1  2t   1  1  2 sin x  1  1  sin x 
=  n  n 
   = n   – n   +C
2  2

1 t 2 2  1  2 t   2 2  1  2 sin x  4  1 sin x 

sin x dx
Hindi =2  sin x . cos ec 4x dx = 2 
4 sin x cos x cos2x
ekuk] sinx = t
rks cos x dx = dt

1 cos xdx
=
2  (1  sin 2
x)(1  2sin2 x)
[vkaf'kd fHkUu }kjk]
1 dt
 =
2  (1  t 2
)(1  2t 2 )
 1  1 2  1  1 1 t 2  1  2t   1
=  1  t2 dt  
1  2t 2
dt  =  n 
1 t 2 2
n 
   = n
2   2  2
  1  2 t   2 2
 1  2 sin x  1  1  sin x 
  – n   +C
 1  2 sin x  4  1 sin x 

3cot 3x  cot x
17. If  tan x  3 tan3x
dx = p f(x) + q g(x) + C, then which of the following may be correct?

3cot 3x  cot x
;fn  tan x  3 tan3x
dx = p f(x) + q g(x) + C rc&

1 3  tan x
(A*) p = 1; q = ; f(x) = x; g(x) = n
3 3  tan x
1 3  tan x
(B) p = 1; q =  ; f(x) = x; g(x) = n
3 3  tan x
2 3  tan x
(C) p = 1; q =  ; f(x) = x; g(x) = n
3 3  tan x
1 3  tan x
(D*) p = 1; q =  ; f(x) = x; g(x) = n
3 3  tan x

3cot 3x  cot x
Sol. =  tan x  3 tan3x dx = pf(x) + g(x) + C .......(i)

3 tan x  tan3 x cot 3 x  3cot x

using tan 3x = and cot 3x =
1  3 tan2 x 3cot 2 x  1
1  3 tan x  2  2
2
=  dx
3  tan2 x
1  tan2 x sec 2 x
 =  1 . dx  2  dx = x – 2  dx + C
3  tan x
2
3  tan2 x
2 3  tan x
= x– n +C
2 3 3 – tan x
1 3 – tan x
= 1.x + n + C
3 3  tan x
comparing with R.H.S. of equation (i), we get the result.

3cot 3x  cot x
Hindi.  =  tan x  3 tan3x dx = pf(x) + g(x) + C .......(i)

3 tan x  tan3 x cot 3 x  3cot x

tan 3x = vkS j cot 3x = dk iz;ksx djus ij
1  3 tan2 x 3cot 2 x  1
1  3 tan2 x  2  2
=  dx
3  tan2 x
1  tan2 x sec 2 x
 =  1 . dx  2  dx = x – 2  dx + C
3  tan x
2
3  tan2 x
2 3  tan x
= x– n +C
2 3 3 – tan x
 1 3 – tan x
= 1.x + n + C
3 3  tan x
1
rqyuk djus ij p = 1, f(x) = x, q = vkSj
3
3 – tan x
g(x) = n
3  tan x

dx  x
18. If  5  4 cos x
= P tan1
 m tan 2  + C then :
 
dx  x
;fn  = P tan1  m tan  + C gks] rks &
5  4 cos x  2
(A*) P = 2/3 (B*) m = 1/3 (C) P = 1/3 (D) m = 2/3
dx  x 
Sol. Let ekuk  =  =  tan–1  tan  + C
5  4cos x  2
x
sec 2 dx
dx
 1  4(1  cos x) = 
2
x x
5  5 tan2  4  4 tan2
2 2
x
sec 2 dx
x x
=  2 Put tan = t j[kus ij  sec2 dx = 2dt
x 2 2
9  tan2
2
dt 2 1 x 2 1
 =2 = tan–1  tan  + C  P= ,m=
9t 2
3 3 2 3 3

sin 2x
19. The value of  sin x  cos4 x
4
dx is equal to: [16JM120510]

sin 2x
 sin4 x  cos4 x
dx dk eku gS&
(A*) cot 1 (cot2 x) + C (B*)  cot 1 (tan2 x) + C
(C*) tan 1 (tan2 x) + C (D*)  tan 1 (cos 2 x) + C

sin 2x 2 tan x sec 2 x

Sol. =  sin x  cos4 x
4
dx =  tan4 x  1
dx put tan2x = t j[kus ij 

  2 tan x sec2x dx = dt
dt
= = tan–1(t) + C
t 12


= tan–1(tan2x) + C =
2

 cot 1 tan2 x  C 
 1 
=  cot 1 (tan2 x) + C1 =  cot 1   + C1
 cot x 
2

= cot–1 (cot2x) + C1

1  tan2 x  1  cos 2x 
also rFkk cos2x =   = tan x , using these values in given integral
2
1  tan2 x  1  cos 2x 
 bu ekuksa dk mi;ksx fn;s x;s lekdy esa djus ij
sin2x
=  dx
 
2
cos x  sin x
2 2
 2sin2 x cos2 x

sin2x
=   1  cos2 2x 
dx
  
2
cos 2x  
 2 
2sin2x
=  cos2x  2
1
dx put cos 2x = t j[kus ij – 2 sin2x dx = dt

dt
  = t 2
1
= – tan–1 t + C2 =  tan 1 (cos 2 x) + C2

PART - IV : COMPREHENSION

Hkkx - IV : vuqPNsn (COMPREHENSION)

Comprehension # 1 (Q.No. 1 to 3 )
vuqPNsn # 1
Let n, m =  sinn x cosm x.dx . Then we can relate n, m with each of the following
(i) In – 2, m (ii) n + 2, m (iii) n, m – 2
(iv) n, m + 2 (v) n – 2, m + 2 (vi) n + 2, m – 2
Suppose we want to establish a relation between n, m and n, m – 2, then we set
P(x) = sinn + 1x cosm – 1x ...........(1)
In n,m and n, m – 2 the exponent of cosx is m and m – 2 respectively, the minimum of the two is m – 2,
adding 1 to the minimum we get m – 2 + 1 = m – 1. Now choose the exponent
m – 1 of cosx in P(x). Similarly choose the exponent of sin x for P (x)
Now differentiating both sides of (1), we get
P(x) = (n + 1) sinnx cosmx – (m – 1) sinn + 2x cosm – 2x
= (n + 1) sinnx cosmx – (m – 1) sinnx (1 – cos2x) cosm – 2x
= (n + 1) sinnx cosmx – (m – 1) sinnx cos m – 2 x + (m – 1) sinnx cosmx
= (n + m) sinnx cosmx – (m – 1) sinnx cosm – 2x
Now integrating both sides, we get
sinn + 1x cosm – 1x = (n + m) n, m – (m – 1) n, m – 2.
Similarly we can establish the other relations.
vuqPNsn # 1 (iz'u la[;k 1 ls 3 )
ekukfd n, m =  sinn x cosm x.dx gS] rks ge n, m dks fuEu esa ls izR;sd ds lkFk lEcfU/kr dj ldrs gS&
(i) In – 2, m (ii) n + 2, m (iii) n, m – 2
(iv) n, m + 2 (v) n – 2, m + 2 (vi) n + 2, m – 2
ekukfd gesa n, m vkSj n, m – 2 ds e/; lEcU/k LFkkfir djuk gS] rks ge fy[krs gS
P(x) = sinn + 1x cosm – 1x ...........(1)
(n,m vkSj n, m – 2 esa cosx dh ?kkr Øe'k% m vkSj m – 2 gSA nksuksa esa ls U;wure m – 2 gS] U;wure esa 1 tksM+dj ge m
– 2 + 1 = m – 1 izkIr djrs gSAa vc P(x) esa cos x dh ?kkr m – 1 ysrs gSA blh izdkj P(x) ds fy, sin x dh ?kkr
fy[krs gSaA)
lehdj.k (1) ds nksuksa i{kksa dk vodyu djus ij]
P(x) = (n + 1) sinnx cosmx – (m – 1) sinn + 2x cosm – 2x
= (n + 1) sinnx cosmx – (m – 1) sinnx (1 – cos2x) cosm – 2x
= (n + 1) sinnx cosmx – (m – 1) sinnx cos m – 2 x + (m – 1) sinnx cosmx
 = (n + m) sinnx cosmx – (m – 1) sinnx cosm – 2x
vc nksuksa i{kksa dk lekdyu djus ij]
sinn + 1x cosm – 1x = (n + m) n, m – (m – 1) n, m – 2
blh izdkj] ge vU; lEcU/k LFkkfir dj ldrs gSaA

1. The relation between 4, 2 and 2, 2 is

4, 2 vkSj 2, 2 ds e/; lEcU/k gS&
1 1
(A*) 4, 2 = (– sin3x cos3x + 32, 2) (B) 4, 2 = (sin3x cos3x + 32, 2)
6 6
1 1
(C) 4, 2 = (sin3x cos3x – 32, 2) (D) 4, 2 = (– sin3x cos3x + 22, 2)
6 6
Sol. Let (ekukfd) P = sin3x cos3x
dp
= 3 sin2x cos4x – 3 sin4x cos2x = 3 sin2x (1 – sin2x) cos2x – 3 sin4x cos2x
dx
= 3 sin2x cos2x – 6 sin4x cos2x
1
 P = 3 2, 2 – 6 4, 2  4, 2 = (–P + 3 2, 2)
6

2. The relation between 4, 2 and 6, 2 is

4, 2 vkSj 6, 2 ds e/; lEcU/k gS&
1 1
(A*) 4, 2 = (sin5x cos3x + 86, 2) (B) 4, 2 = (– sin5x cos3x + 86, 2)
5 5
1 1
(C) 4, 2 = (sin5x cos3x – 86, 2) (D) 4, 2 = (sin5x cos3x + 86, 2)
5 5
Sol. Let (ekukfd) P = sin5x cos3x
dp
 = 5 sin4x cos4x – 3 sin6x cos2x
dx
= 5 sin4x (1 – sin2x) cos2x – 3 sin6x cos2x = 5 sin4x cos2x – 8sin6x cos2x
1
 P = 5 4, 2 – 86, 2  4, 2 = (P + 86, 2)
5

3. The relation between 4, 2 and 4, 4 is 

 4, 2 vkSj 4, 4 ds e/; lEcU/k gS&
1 1
(A) 4, 2 = (sin5x cos3x + 8 4, 4) (B*) 4, 2 = (– sin5x cos3x + 8 4, 4)
3 3
1 1
(C) 4, 2 = (sin5x cos3x – 8 4, 4) (D) 4, 2 = (sin5x cos3x + 6 4, 4)
3 3
Sol. Let (ekukfd) P = sin5x cos3x
dp
 = 5 sin4x cos4x – 3 sin6x cos2x
dx
= 5 sin4x cos4x – 3 sin4x (1 – cos2x) cos2x
= 8 sin4x cos4x – 3sin4x cos2x
 P = 8 4, 4 – 3 4, 2
1
 4, 2 = (–P + 8 4, 4)
3
Comprehension # 2 (Q. No. 4 to 6)

It is known that
 sin x cos x 
  if 0x
 cos x sin x 2
tan x + cot x =  ,
  sin x  cos x 3
  cos x   sin x if x
 2

d
dx
 tanx  cot x  =
1
  
tanx  cot x (tan x + cot x) ,  x   0,
2 

2

   , 2 
 
3 

 3 
and
d
dx
 tanx  cot x =
1
2
  

tanx  cot x (tan x + cot x) ,  x   0,
 2 

  ,
 2 
.

vuqPNsn # 2 (iz'u la[;k 4 ls 6)

;g Kkr gS fd
 sin x cos x 
  ;fn 0  x 
 cos x sin x 2
tan x + cot x =  ,
  sin x  cos x 3
  cos x   sin x ;fn   x  2

d
dx
tanx  cot x =
1
2
  
tanx  cot x (tan x + cot x) ,  x   0,



2

  ,

3 
2 
 3 
vkSj
d
dx

tanx  cot x =
1
2
  
tanx  cot x (tan x + cot x) ,  x   0,


2 

  ,
 2 
.

rks fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa ds mÙkj nhft, &

   3 
4. Value of integral  =  ( tan x  cot x ) dx , where x   0 ,     , is [16JM120511]
 2  2 
   3 
lekdy  =  ( tan x  cot x ) dx , tgk¡ x   0 ,     , , dk eku gS &
 2  2 
 tan x  cot x   tan x  cot x 
(A*) 2 tan–1   + C (B) 2 tan–1   + C
 2   2 
 tan x  cot x   tan x  cot x 
(C) – 2 tan–1   + C (D) – 2 tan–1   + C
 2   2 
( tan x  cot x ) (tan x  cot x)
Sol. = ( tan x  cot x ) dx = 2  2(tan x  cot x)
dx

d ( tan x  cot x )  tan x  cot x 

=2 ( tan x  cot x )  2
2
= 2 tan–1 
 2
 + C


 
5. Value of the integral  = ( tan x  cot x ) dx , where x   0 ,  , is [16JM120512]
 2
 
lekdy  =  ( tan x  cot x ) dx , tgk¡ x   0 ,  , dk eku gS &
 2 
(A) 2 sin–1 (cos x – sin x) + C (B*) 2 sin–1 (sin x – cos x) + C
(C) 2 sin–1 (sin x + cos x) + C (D) – 2 sin–1 (sin x + cos x) + C
    sin x cos x 
Sol. If ;fn x   0 ,  , then rc  =
 2 
( tan x  cot x ) dx =    
sin x 
dx
 cos x
sin x  cos x 2 d (sin x  cos x)
=  sin x . cos x
dx =  1  (sin x  cos x) 2
= 2 sin–1 (sin x – cos x) + C

 3 
6. Value of the integral  = ( tan x  cot x ) dx , where x    ,
 2 
, is [16JM120513]

 3 
lekdy  =  ( tan x  cot x ) dx , tgk¡ x    , , dk eku gS &
 2 
(A*) 2 sin–1 (cos x – sin x) + C 2 sin–1 (sin x – cos x) + C
(B)
(C) 2 sin–1 (sin x + cos x) + C (D) – 2 sin–1 (sin x + cos x) + C
 3    sin x  cos x 
Sol. If ;fn x    ,  , then rc  =  ( tan x  cot x )dx =     dx
 2    cos x  sin x 
sin x  cos x 2 d (sin x  cos x)
=– dx = –  = sin–1 (cos x – sin x) + C
sin x . cos x 1  (sin x  cos x)2
 

 Marked questions are recommended for Revision.
 fpfUgr iz'u nksgjkus ;ksX; iz'u gSA
* Marked Questions may have more than one correct option.
* fpfUgr iz'u ,d ls vf/kd lgh fodYi okys iz'u gS -

PART - I : JEE (ADVANCED) / IIT-JEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

Hkkx - I : JEE (ADVANCED) / IIT-JEE ¼fiNys o"kksZ½ ds iz'u

1. Let f (x) =  ex (x  1) (x  2) d x then f decreases in the interval:
[IIT-JEE 2000, Scr, (1, 0), 35]
;fn f (x) =  e (x  1) (x  2) d x gks]
x
rks f ftl vUrjky esa âkleku gS&
(A) ( , 2)

(B) ( 2,  1) (C*) (1, 2) (D) (2, + )
Solution :
  e (x  1)(x  2)
x
f(x) = dx
 f(x) = ex(x – 1)(x – 2)  0 1x2
 x  [1, 2]

 2x  2 
2. Evaluate,  sin 1   d x.
 4 x2  8 x  13 
[IIT-JEE 2001, Main, (5, 0),
 
100]
 2x  2 
 sin 1 
 4 x2  8 x  13 
 d x dk eku Kkr dhft,A
 
 2x  2 3
Ans. (x + 1)tan–1   – n (4x2 + 8x + 13) + C
 3  4

 2x  2 
 sin
1
Sol. =   dx
 4x  8x  13 
2

 2x  2 
=  sin1   dx
 (2x  2)2  9 
 
Put 2x + 2 = 3 tan (j[kus ij)  2dx = 3sec2  d
 3 tan   3
 sin
1
 =  . sec  d
2

 9 tan   9  2
2

3
2
= sin1(sin ). | sec 2  | d

3 3
=  .sec 2  d  [.tan    1.tan d]
2 2
3
= [.tan   n sec ]  C
2
3
2 
 2x  2   2x  2   2x  2  
=  tan1  .
    n 1   3   C1
2  3   3    
 
  2x  2  3
= (x + 1)tan–1  – n (4x2 + 8x + 13) + C
 3  4

3. For any natural number m, evaluate,

 x   2x 
1/ m
3m
 x 2m  xm 2m
 3 xm  6 d x, x > 0. [IIT-JEE 2002, Main, (5, 0), 60]
fdlh izkd`r la[;k m ds fy,
 x   2x 
1/ m
3m
 x 2m  xm 2m
 3 xm  6 dk eku Kkr dhft,A
m 1
(2x3m  3x2m  6x ) m m
Ans. +C
6(m  1)
Sol. For any natural number m, the given integral can be written as,
(fdlh izkd`r la[;k m ds fy,] fn;k x;k lekdyu fy[kk tk ldrk gS)
3m
 3 x 2m  6xm )1/ m
=  x 3m
 x 2m  xm  (2 x x
dx

 (2 x  3 x 2m  6x m )1/ m ( x 3m 1  x 2m 1  xm 1 ) dx
3m
=
put 2x3m + 3x2m + 6xm = t j[kus ij  (x3m–1 + x2m–1 + xm–1) dx = dt
dt
  =  t1/ m . , where (tgk¡) t = 2x3m + 3x2m + 6xm
6m
1
1
1 tm
= . +C
6m  1 
m  1
 
1
= .(2x 3m  3x 2m  6x m )(m 1) / m  C
6(m  1)

x2  1
4. x 3
2x 4  2x 2  1
dx is equal to [IIT-JEE 2006, (3, –1), 184]

x2  1
x 3
2x 4  2x 2  1
dx dk eku gS&

2x 4  2x 2  1 2x 4  2x 2  1
(A) +C (B) +C
x2 x3
2x 4  2x 2  1 2x 4  2x 2  1
(C) +C (D*) +C
x 2x 2
 1 1
 3  5
 4 4 
=  
x x  2 1
Sol. dx put 2 – 2 + = z j[kus ij   3  5  dx = dz
2 1 x x4  x x 
2 2  4
x x
1 dz
 = 
4 z
1 1 2 1 2x 4  2x 2  1
= z +c  2  +C= +C
2 2 x2 x4 2x 2

x
x
n2
5. Let f(x) = for n  2 and g(x) = (f f .... f) (x). Then g(x) dx equals
(1  x n )1/ n
f occurs n times

[IIT-JEE 2007, Paper-2, (3, – 1), 81]

 x
x
n2
ekuk fd n  2 ds fy, f(x) = rFkk g(x) = (f f .... f) (x) gks] rks g(x) dk eku gS&
(1  x n )1/ n
f occurs n times
1 1
1
1  nx n  n + K
1
1  nx n  n + K
1 1
(A*) (B)
n(n  1) (n  1)
1 1
1
1  nx n  n + K
1
1  nx n  n + K
1 1
(C) (D)
n(n  1) (n  1)
f(x)
Sol. f(f(x)) =
(1  (f(x)n )1/ n
x /(1  x n )1/ n x
= 
 x  n 1/ n
(1  2xn )1/ n
1  n 
 1 x 
x /(1  2x n )1/ n x x
Also, rFkk f(f(f(x))) = =  g(x) =
  (1  nx n )1/ n
1/ n 1/ n
 x  n
1  3x n

1  n 
 1  2x 
x x n 1 1
 x (1  nxn )1/ n dx =  (1  nxn )1/ n dx Let
n2
Hence vr%  = ¼ekuk fd½ 1 + n xn = t  xn–1 dx =
n2
dt
1
1
1 dt 1 tn 1
  = 2
n  t1/ n = 2
n 1 1
=
n(n  1)
(1 + nxn)1–1/n + K

6. Let F(x) be an indefinite integral of sin2 x. [IIT-JEE 2007, Paper-1, (3, – 1), 81]
STATEMENT-1 : The function F(x) satisfies F(x + ) = F(x) for all real x.
because
STATEMENT-2 : sin2(x + ) = sin2x for all real x.
(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True ; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True ; Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-
1
(C) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False
(D*) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True
ekuk fd F(x), sin2 x dk vfuf'pr lekdy (indefinite integral) gSA
dFku 1 : Qyu (function) F(x), lHkh okLrfod (real) x ds fy, F(x + ) = F(x) dks larq"V djrk gSA
D;ksafd
dFku 2 : lHkh okLrfod (real) x ds fy, sin2 (x + ) = sin2 x
(A) dFku - 1 lR; gS] dFku - 2 lR; gS( dFku - 2 dFku - 1 dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k gSa
(B) dFku - 1 lR; gS] dFku - 2 lR; gS( dFku - 2 dFku - 1 dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k ugha gSa
(C) dFku - 1 lR; gS] dFku - 2 vlR; gS
(D) dFku - 1 vlR; gS] dFku - 2 lR; g
Solution
1  cos2x x sin2x
Statement - 1 F(x) =  (sin2 x) dx = dx =  +c
2 2 4
Which is aperiodic function. Hence statement is false.
Statement - 2 sin2x is periodic with the period  hence statement is true.
Hindi.
1  cos2x x sin2x
dFku - 1 F(x) =  (sin2 x) dx =  dx =  +c
2 2 4
tks fd vukorhZ Qyu gSA bl izdkj dFku vlR; gSA
dFku - 2 pw¡fd sin2x Qyu vkorZ dk vkorhZ Qyu gS] vr% lR; gSA
 ex e x
7. Let  = e 4x
 e2x  1
dx, J = e 4x
 e2x  1
dx . Then, for an arbitrary constant C, the value of J –  is

equal to : [IIT-JEE 2008, Paper-2, (3, – 1), 81]

x
ex e
ekuk  = e 4x
 e2x 1
dx, J =  4x
e  e2x  1
dx . rc ,d LosPN vpj (arbitrary constant) C ds fy,

J –  dk eku gS &
1 e4x  e2x  1 1 e2x  ex  1
(A) n 4x +C (B) n +C
2 e  e2x  1 2 e2x  ex  1
1 e2x  ex  1 1 e4x  e2x  1
(C*) n +C (D) n +C
2 e2x  ex  1 2 e4x  e2x  1
(e3x  e x ) dx
Sol. J– =  e4x  e2x  1
Let (ekuk) ex = t  ex dx = dt
1
1 2
t2  1 t 1  1
 J– =  4 2 dt =  dt put t + = u j[kus ij   1  2  dt = du
t  t 1 1 t  t 
t2  2  1
t
du 1 u 1 1 t2  t  1 1 e2x  ex  1
 J– =  2 = n +C = n 2 +C= n +C
u 1 2 u 1 2 t  t 1 2 e2x  ex  1

sec 2 x
8. The integral  (sec x  tan x) 9/2
dx equals (for some arbitrary constant K)

sec 2 x
lekdyu  (sec x  tan x)9 / 2 dx dk eku fuEu gS (fdlh ;kn`fPNd vpj (arbitrary constant) K ds fy;s)
–1 1 1 
(A) 11/ 2 
 (sec x  tan x)2  + K [IIT-JEE 2012, Paper-1, (3, –1), 70]
(sec x  tan x) 11 7 
1 1 1 2
(B)   (sec x  tan x)  + K
(sec x  tan x)11/ 2 11 7 
–1 1 1 
(C*) 11/ 2 
 (sec x  tan x)2  + K
(sec x  tan x) 11 7 
1 1 1 2
(D)   (sec x  tan x)  + K
(sec x  tan x)11/ 2 11 7 
Sol. (C)
Put secx + tanx = t
(secx tanx + sec2x) dx = dt
secx . t dx = dt
1
secx – tanx =
t
1
t
secx = t
2
 1
t
sec x.dt 1  t 
 t9 / 2 .t =  2 t . t9 / 2 dt
1  1 1 
=  
2 t 9/2
 13 / 2  dt
t 
 1 2 2 
= –  k
2  7t 7 / 2 11t11/ 2 
1  t2 1 
=–    k
11/ 2
t  7 11
Hindi Ans (C)
secx + tanx = t j[kus ij
(secx tanx + sec2x) dx = dt
secx . t dx = dt
1
secx – tanx =
t
1
t
secx = t
2
 1
t
sec x.dt 1  t 
 t9 / 2 .t =  2 t . t9 / 2 dt

1  1 1 
2   t 9 / 2 t13 / 2 
=  dt

1 2 2 
= –  7 / 2  11/ 2   k
2  7t 11t 
1  t2 1 
=–    k
11/ 2
t  7 11

PART - II : JEE (MAIN) / AIEEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

Hkkx - II : JEE (MAIN) / AIEEE ¼fiNys o"kksZ½ ds iz'u

5 tan x
1. If the integral  tan x  2 dx = x + a n |sin x – 2 cos x| + k, then a is equal to : [AIEEE-2012, (4, –

1)/120]
5 tan x
;fn lekdyu  tan x  2 dx = x + a n |sin x – 2 cos x| + k gS, rks a cjkcj gS& [AIEEE-2012, (4, –1)/120]
(1) – 1 (2) – 2 (3) 1 (4*) 2
Sol. Ans. (4)
5 tan x
 tan x – 2 dx
5sin x
=  dx
sin x – 2cos x
(sin x – 2cos x)  2(cos x  2sin x)
=  dx
(sin x – 2cos x)
cos x  2sin x
=  dx  2 sin x – 2cos x dx

= x + 2ln |(sin x – 2 cos x)| + k

 a=2
  f(x) dx  (x) , then  x f(x ) [AIEEE - 2013, (4, –1),360]
5 3
2. If dx is equal to
;fn  f(x) dx  (x) gS] rks  x f(x 5 3
) dx cjkcj gS& [AIEEE - 2013, (4, –1),360]
1 3 1 3
(1) x (x3 ) –  x 2 (x3 ) dx   C (2) x (x3 ) – 3 x3 (x 3 ) dx  C
3 3
1 3 1 3
(3*) x (x3 ) –  x 2 (x 3 ) dx  C (4) x (x3 ) –  x3 (x3 ) dx   C
3 3
Sol. (3)
 f(x)dx =  (x)
 x f(x
5 3
I= )dx
dt
put x3 = t j[kus ij  x2dx =
3
1
3
= tf(t)dt

1
=  t(t) –  (t)dt 
3 
1 3
= x (x3 ) – 3 x 2 (x3 )dx   c
3
1 3
= x (x3 ) –  x 2 (x 3 )dx  c
3

 1
1
x
3. The integral   1  x  x e x
dx is equal to : [Indefinite Integration] [JEE(Main) 2014, (4, – 1),

120]

 1
1
x
lekdy   1  x  x e x
dx cjkcj gS : [Indefinite Integration] [JEE(Main) 2014, (4, – 1),

120]
1 1 1 1
x x x x
(1) (x + 1) e x
+c (2) –x e x
+c (3) (x – 1) e x
+c (4) x e x
+c
Sol. Ans. (4)
 1
 1   x x 
 1 x  x  e dx
 1  x x
1 1
x
 e x
dx +   x 
x  e dx

Applying integration by parts in (I) (I) es lekdyu djus ij

We get,
 1  x x  1  x x
1 1 1 1 1
x x x
 e x
dx = x. e x
–   x 2 
x 1  e dx = x e x
–   x 
x  e dx

 1  x
1 1 1
x x
Thus vr%  e x dx +   x   e x dx = x e x + C.
 x

dx
4. The integral x equals [JEE(Main) 2015, (4, – 1), 120]
x 
3/4
2 4
1
1/ 4 1/ 4
 x 4  1  x 4  1
(1)  4  +c (2) (x4 + 1)1/4 + c (3) –(x4 + 1)1/4 + c (4) –  4  +c
 x   x 
 dx
lekdy x cjkcj gS& [JEE(Main) 2015, (4, –1), 120]
 
3/4
2
x 1
4

1/ 4 1/ 4
 x  14
 x 4  1
(1)  4  +c (2) (x4 + 1)1/4 + c (3) –(x4 + 1)1/4 + c (4)  4  –+ c
 x   x 
Ans. (4)

dx
Sol. x 2
(x  1)3 / 4
4

dx
  1
3/4

x3 1  4 
 x 
1
1 + 4 = t4
x
1
– 4 5 dx = 4t3 dt
x
dx
= – t3 dt
x3
1/ 4
 t 3 dt  1
 t 3 = – t + C = – 1 x4  +C

2x12  5x9
5. The integral
 (x 5
 x3  1)3
dx is equal to [JEE(Main) 2016, (4, –1), 120]

x10 x5 –x10 –x5

(1) C (2) C (3) C (4) C
2(x5  x3  1)2 2(x5  x3  1)2 2(x5  x3  1)2 (x5  x3  1)2

where C is an arbitrary constant

2x12  5x9
lekdy  (x 5
 x3  1)3
dx cjkcj gS&

x10 x5 –x10 –x5

(1) C (2) C (3) C (4) C
2(x5  x3  1)2 2(x5  x3  1)2 2(x5  x3  1)2 (x5  x3  1)2

tgk¡ C ,d LosPN vpj gSA

Ans. (1)

2x12  5x 9
Sol.  (x 5  x 3  1)3 dx

 2 5 
 3  6
x x 
  1 1 3 dx
1  2  5 
 x x 
 1 1
Let ¼ekuk½ 1 + 2
 5 t
x x

dt –2 5
= 3 – 6
dx x x

–dt 1 1 x10
 t3 =
2t 2
C =
 1 1
2
C =
2(x 5  x 3  1)2
C
2 1  2  5 
 x x 

Let n =  tan x dx , (n > 1). If 4 + 6 = a tan5x + bx5 + C, where C is a constant of integration, then the
n
6.

ordered pair (a, b) is equal to [JEE(Main) 2017, (4, –1), 120]

ekuk n =  tann x dx , (n > 1) gSA ;fn 4 + 6 = a tan5x + bx5 + C gS, tgk¡ C ,d lekdyu vpj gS rks Øfer

;qXe (a, b) cjkcj gS : [JEE(Main) 2018, (4, –1), 120]

 1  1  1   1 
(1)  – ,1 (2*)  , 0  (3)  , – 1 (4)  – , 0 
 5  5  5   5 

Ans. (2)

n =  tan 
xdx  tann2 (sec 2 x 1)dx
n
Sol.

(tan x)n1
 (tanx)n–2 sec2xdx –  (tan x)n2 dx 
n 1
 n  2

(tan x)n1
n + n–2 =
n 1

put n = 6 j[kus ij
1 1
4 + 6 = tan5x = atan5x + bx5 + c  a= b=0 c=0
5 5

1 
 (a, b) =  , 0 
5 

sin2 x cos2 x
7. The integral  (sin 5
x  cos x sin2 x  sin3 x cos2 x  cos5 x)2
3
dx is equal to : [JEE(Main) 2018, (4, –1),

120]

sin2 x cos2 x
lekdyu  (sin5 x  cos3 x sin2 x  sin3 x cos2 x  cos5 x)2 dx cjkcj gS %

1 –1 1 –1
(1) C (2) C (3) C (4*) C
1  cot 3 x 1  cot 3 x 3(1  tan3 x) 3(1  tan3 x)
 (where C is a constant of integration)

¼tgk¡ C ,d lekdyu vpj gS½

Sol. (4)

tan2 x.sec 2 x tan2 x sec 6 x tan2 x sec 2 x

= dx = dx = dx
(tan5 x  tan2 x  tan3 x  1)2 (tan2 x  1)2 (tan3 x  1)2 (1  tan3 x)2

let 1 + tan3x = t

1 1 1
3tan2x sec2x dx = dt =
3 t 2
dt = –
3(1  tan3 x)
C

1
(sinn   sin )n cos 
8. Let n  2 be a natural number and 0 < < / 2. Then  d is equal to :
sinn 1 

(where C is a constant of integration) [JEE(Main) 2019, Online (10-01-19),P-1 (4, – 1), 120]
1
(sinn   sin )n cos 
ekuk n  2 ,d izkd`r la[;k gS rFkk 0 < < / 2 gS] rks  sinn 1 
d cjkcj gS:

(tgk¡ C ,d lekdyu vpj gS)

n1 n1
n  1  n n  1  n
(1) 2  1  n1  +C (2) 2  1  n1  +C
n  1  sin   n  1  sin  

n1 n 1
n  1  n n  1  n
1 1  
n  1  sinn1  
(3) 2 +C (4) 2 +C
n  1  sinn 1  

Ans. (2)
1

 sin n
  sin  n cos  
Sol.  sinn1 
d

t n
t  n
dt
=  t n1
(Put sin = t, j[kus ij)

1
 1 n
t  1  n1 
=   n1  dt
t
t
1
 1 n
 1  t n1 
=   dt
tn
 Put 1 
1
z
n  1 dt  dz , j[kus ij
n1 n
t t
1

 
1 1
1
1
1
z n n 1  t1n n

n  1
I= z dz n
c = c
1  n2  1
 n  1  n  1
 
n1
n  1  n
1 c

n  1  sinn1  
= 2

9. The integral  cos log x dx is equal to : (where C is a constant of integration

e

lekdy  cos  loge x dx cjkcj gS& (tgk¡ C ,d lekdyu vpj gS)

[JEE(Main) 2019, Online (12-01-19),P-1 (4, – 1), 120]

x
(1) x cos(loge x)  sin  loge x    C (2) sin(loge x)  cos loge x   C
2

x
(3) x[cos(loge x)  sin(loge x)]  C (4) cos(loge x)  sin loge x   C
2

Ans. (4)

Sol. By parts [k.M'k% lekdyu ls

x
I = xcos(logx) +  x sin(logx)dx
x cos (logx) +  sin(log x)dx
I = x cos(logx) + x sin(log x)   coslog xdx  c

x
I=
2
cos(logx   sin(logx))  c

5x
sin
10.  sin
2 dx is equal to : [JEE(Main) 2019, Online (08-04-19),P-1 (4, – 1), 120] [Indefinite Integration]
x
2

(where c is a constant of integration)

5x
sin
 sin
2 dx cjkcj gS&
x
2

(tgk¡ c ,d lekdyu vpj gS)

 (1) x + 2 sinx + 2sin 2x+ c (2) 2x + sinx + sin2x + c

(3) 2x + sinx + 2sin2x + c (4) x + 2 sinx + sin 2x + c

Ans. (4)

5x 5x x
sin 2 sin cos
 s in3 x  s in2x 
 2 dx =
 2 2 dx =
   2 cos x dx   (3 – 4 sin x) dx
2
Sol.  dx =
sin
x x
2 sin cos
x s in x 
2 2 2

  
= 2 cos x dx  dx  2 cos 2x dx = 2sinx + x + sin2x + C

e (sec x tan xf ( x )  (sec x tan x  sec2 x ))dx = esecx f(x) + C, then a possible choice of f(x) is :
sec x
11. If

e (sec x tan xf ( x )  (sec x tan x  sec2 x ))dx = esecx f(x) + C, rks f(x) dk ,d laHko fodYi (choice)
sec x
;fn

gS& [JEE(Main) 2019, Online (09-04-19),P-2 (4, – 1), 120] [Indefinite Integration]

1 1
(1) secx + xtanx – (2) secx + tanx +
2 2

1 1
(3) xsecx + tanx + (4) secx – tanx –
2 2

Ans. (2)

e
sec x
Sol. (secx tanx f(x) + secx tan x + sec2x) dx = esecx f(x)

Differentiate both side

esecx (secx tanx f(x) + secx tan x + sec2x) = esecx f '(x) + esecx secx tanx f(x)

 secx tanx +sec2x = f' (x)

 f(x) = secx + tanx + d

dx   x  1 f ( x) 
12. If  (x 2
 2x  10)2
= A  tan–1
  3
 2
 x  2 x  10
 +C


Where C is a constant of integration, then

1 1
(1) A = and f(x) = 9 (x – 1) (2) A = and f(x) = 9(x –1)2
27 54

1 1
(3) A = and f(x) = 3(x – 1) (4) A = and f(x) = 3(x – 1)
81 54
 dx   x  1 f ( x) 
;fn  (x 2
 2x  10) 2
= A  tan–1

 2
 3  x  2x  10 
 +C

tgk¡ C ,d lekdyu vpj gS] rks %

1 1
(1) A = rFkk f(x) = 9 (x – 1) (2) A = rFkk f(x) = 9(x –1)2
27 54

1 1
(3) A = rFkk f(x) = 3(x – 1) (4) A = rFkk f(x) = 3(x – 1)
81 54

Ans. (4) [JEE(Main) 2019, Online (10-04-19),P-1 (4, – 1), 120] [Indefinite Integration]

dy dx
Sol.  (x 2
 2x  10) 2
  ((x  1) 2
 9 )2

Put x – 1 = 3tan

dx = 3sec2 d

3 sec2 d 1 d 1

 (9 sec ) 2 2
 
27 sec 
2
=
27
cos2 d
1  1  cos 2  1  1  1  1 x  1 3( x  1) 
= 
27   2
 d =
 54   2 sin2  C = 54 tan  3   2
   
C
 x  2x  10 

d
13. If  cos 2
tan 2  sec2
 tan+ 2loge|f()| + C where C is a constant of integration, then the

ordered pair (, f()) is equal to :

d
;fn  cos 2
tan 2  sec2
 tan+ 2loge|f()| + C gS] tgk¡ C ,d lekdyu vpj gS] rks Øfer ;qXe

(, f())cjkcj gS% [JEE(Main) 2020, Online (09-01-20),P-2 (4, –1), 120]

(1) (1,1 + tan) (2) (–1,1 – tan)

(3) (–1,1 + tan) (4) (1,1 – tan)

Ans. (3)

sec2 
Sol.  1  tan  2 tan 
2
d

1 – tan  1 – tan2 
2


sec2  1 – tan2   d
=  1  tan  2

sec2 1 – tan 

=  1  tan 
d

tan= t  sec2 d = dt
  1– t   2 
=   1  t  dt =   – 1  1  t dt
= – t + 2 log (1+t) + C

= –tan + 2 log (1 + tan) + C

  = –1 and f() = 1 + tan

sin8 x  cos8 x
1. Evaluate :  1  2sin2 x cos2 x dx
sin8 x  cos8 x
 1  2sin2 x cos2 x dx dks ljy dhft, &
1
Ans. – sin 2x + C
2

sin8 x  cos8 x 1
 sin4 x  cos4 x dx =  (sin x  cos4 x)  (sin x  cos2 x) dx = – sin2x  C
4 2
Sol. dx =
2

cos5x  cos 4x
2. Evaluate : 1  2cos3x
dx

cos5x  cos 4x
 1  2cos3x dx dks ljy dhft, &
 sin2x 
Ans.   sin x  +C
 2 

9x x
2cos cos dx
cos5x  cos 4x
 
Sol. dx = 2 2
1  2cos3x  3x  
1  2  2cos2    1
  2  
x 3x 3x 
2cos  4cos3  3cos 
2 2 2  3x x
= 
3x
dx = –  2cos 2 cos 2 dx = –  cos 2x dx   cos x dx
3  4cos 2

2
 sin2x 
=–   sin x  + C
 2 

3. Evaluate :  x  x 2  2 dx

  2
3/2
1
 x  x 2  2 dx dks ljy dhft, & Ans. x x2  2  +C
x  
1/ 2
3 x 2
2

 t2  2  t2  2
Sol. =  x  x 2  2 dx Put x  x 2  2 = t  x = 
 2t 
  dx =
2t 2
dt
  2  t2  1  1 2 3/2
  = t .  2 
dt    t1/ 2  t 3 / 2  dt = × t – 2t –1/2 + C
 2t   2  2 3
1
= (x  x 2  2)3 / 2 – 2 (x  x 2  2)1/ 2 + C
3

Hindi =  x  x 2  2 dx
 t2  2  t2  2
ekuk x  x 2  2 = t  x =    dx = dt
 2t  2t 2
 2  t2  1  1 2 3/2
  = t .  2 
dt    t1/ 2  t 3 / 2  dt = × t – 2t –1/2 + C
 2t   2  2 3
1
= (x  x 2  2)3 / 2 – 2 (x  x 2  2)1/ 2 + C
3

dx
4. Evaluate :  dks ljy dhft, &
x 3
 3 x  3x  1
2
 x 2  2x  3

x 2  2x  3 1  2 
Ans. + . cos1  +C
8(x  1)2 16  x  1

dx
Sol. =  (x  1) 3
(x  1)2  4
, put, x + 1 = 2 sec   dx = 2sec tan d

2sec  tan  1
=  8 sec 3
 . 2 tan 
d =
16  (1  cos 2) d

1  
2
1  sin2  1 2  2  2 
=   2  + C = cos  1   +C
16   16  x 1  x  1 x  1
 
1 2 1 x 2  2x  3
= cos–1 + +C
16 x 1 8 (x  1)2

dx
Hindi =  (x  1) 3
(x  1)2  4
, ekuk] x + 1 = 2 sec   dx = 2sec tan d 

2sec  tan  1
=  8 sec 3
 . 2 tan 
d =
16  (1  cos 2) d

1  
2
1  sin2  1 2  2  2 
=    + C = cos  1  +C
16  2  16  x 1  x  1 x  1
 
 
1 2 1 x 2  2x  3
= cos–1 + +C
16 x 1 8 (x  1)2

(cos 2x  3) 1
5. Evaluate :  cos 4
x 4  cot x 2
dx dks ljy dhft, & Ans. C–
3
tanx.(2 + tan2x). 4  cot 2 x

(cos 2x  3) dx
Sol.  cos 4
x 4  cot 2 x
sin2 x  1
= – 2.  cos 2
x 4 tan2 x  1
tanx sec2x dx
 Put 4 tan2x – 1 = t2, then 4 tan x sec2x dx = t dt
t2  1
1  t2   4 tan2 x  1 
t dt 1 1
 =–2  2 × =– t   3 + C = – 4 tan2 x  1   3 + C
t 4 4  3  4  3 
1
=– tan x 4  cot 2 x (2 + tan2x) + C
3

(cos 2x  3) dx
Hindi.  cos 4
x 4  cot 2 x
sin2 x  1
= – 2.  cos 2
x 4 tan x  1
2
tanx sec2x dx

ekuk 4 tan2x – 1 = t2 rks 4 tan x sec2x dx = t dt

t2  1
1  t2   4 tan2 x  1 
t dt 1 1

 =–2 2 × =– t   3 + C = – 4 tan2 x  1   3 + C
t 4 4  3  4  3 
1
=– tan x 4  cot 2 x (2 + tan2x) + C
3

 x2  1 { n(x2  1)  2 nx} 
6. Evaluate :   dx dks ljy dhft, &
 x4 

2 (x 2  1) x 2  1  3  1 
Ans. 3
. 1  n  1  2   + C
9x  2  x 
 x2  1 { n (x 2  1)  2 nx}   1   1  1
Sol.    dx =   1  2  n  1  2   · 3  dx
 x 
4
 x   x  x 
1 2
Put 1 + 2 = t2 , then – 3 dx = 2t dt
x x
2t 3 1 t3 2t 3 2t 3 2t 3  1 
= –  2t 2 n t dt = – n t + 2  dt = – n t + +C=  n t + C
3 t 3 3 9 3  3 
2(x 2  1) x 2  1   1 
= 1  3 n 1  2  + C
9x 3   x 

x
7. Evaluate :  (7x  10  x 2 )3 / 2
dx dks ljy dhft, &
2(7 x  20)
Ans. C
9 7 x  10  x 2
Sol. taking 7x  10  x 2 = (5  x)(x  2) = (5 – x) t ysus ij
5t  2
2
6t
then rks x = So vr% dx = dt
t2  1 (t 2  1)2
5t 2  2
 =  t 1 3
2 6t
. dt
 3t  (t  1)2
2

 2 
 t  1
2  5t 2  2  10 4 2  x2 5x 2(7 x  20)
=
9   t 2  dt = 9 t – 9t + C = 9 5 . 5  x  2 x  2  + C = 9 7 x  10  x2  C
 x cos   1 f(x)
8. If  dx = + C then find f(x) and g(x).
 
3/2
x  2x cos   1
2 g(x)

x cos   1 f(x)
;fn  dx = + C gks rks f(x) rFkk g(x) Kkr dhft,A
x 
3/2
2
 2x cos   1 g(x)
Ans. x; x2 + 2x cos  + 1
 cos  1 
x3  x 3  3  dx
(x cos   1) . dx  x x 
Sol. =  2
(x  2x cos   1)3 / 2
=   2cos  1 
3/2

x3 1   2 
 x x 
2cos  1  cos x 1  dt
Put 1 + + 2 = t , then  2  3  dx = –
x x  x x  2
dt / 2 1 x
  =  3 / 2 = 1/ 2 + C = +C
t t x 2  2x cos   1
comparing : f(x) = x and, g(x) = x2 + 2x cos + 1
rqyuk djus ij : f(x) = x vkSj, g(x) = x2 + 2x cos + 1

9. Evaluate : cos x. ex. x2 dx dks ljy dhft, &

1 x 2
Ans. e [(x – 1) cos x + (x – 1)2 . sin x] + C
2
Sol.  =  cos x . e x x 2 dx

 = x2  cos x . ex dx   2x   cos x.e dx 

x
dx

 ex ex 
 cos x.e dx  (cos x  sin x)  sin x . e dx  (sin x  cos x) 
x x
 &
 2 2 
 ex 
= x2  (cos x  sin x) –
 2 
x . e x (cos x  sin x) dx

x 2 ex
= (cos x + sin x) –  xe x cos x dx   xe x sin x dx
2
x 2 ex  ex ex 
= (cos x + sin x) –  x (cos x  sin x)   (cos x  sin x) dx  –
2  2 2 
 ex ex 
 x (sin x  cos x)   (sin x  cos x) dx 
 2 2 

x 2 ex
= (cos x + sin x) – xex sin x +  e x sin x dx
2
x 2 ex ex
= (cos x + sinx) – xex sin x + (sin x – cosx) + C
2 2
e x cos x 2 ex sin x ex
= (x – 1) + (x2 – 2x + 1) + C = ((x2 – 1) cosx + (x – 1)2 sinx) + C
2 2 2
 x  x  x  2  x 1
3
10. Evaluate :   (x2  1)2  dx
e dks ljy dhft, & Ans. ex  2  +C
 x  1
 x3  x  2   (x  1)(x 2  1)  (1  2x  x 2 ) 
e e
x x
Sol.  2 2 
dx =   dx
 (x  1)   (x 2  1)2 
 x  1 1  2x  x 2   x 1   d  x 1  1  2x  x 2 
=  ex  2  2 
dx = ex  2  +C   2   
 (x  1) (x  1)   (x  1)   x  1 (x 2  1)2 
2
 dx

x2
11. Evaluate :  (x sin x  cos x) 2
dx dks ljy dhft, &
sin x  x cos x
Ans. C
x sin x  cos x
x2 dx x x cos x
Sol.  (x sin x  cos x) 2
=
cos x
.
(x sin x  cos x)2
dx

x x cos x d x cos x 
=
cos x  (x sin x  cos x) 2
dx    (x sec x)
 dx (x sin x  cos x) 2
dx 

dx

x  1 
  x sin x  cos x  +  sec x dx
2
=
cos x  
 x cos x 1


 (x sin x  cos x)2 dx  x sin x  cos x and (vkSj),

d  x sin x  
(x sec x)  sec x  x sec x tan x  sec x  1    sec 2 x(x sin x  cos x) 
dx  cos x  
x sin x
= + +C
cos x(x sin x  cos x) cos x
 x  x sin2 x  sin x cos x sin x  x cos x
= = +C
cos x(x sin x  cos x) x sin x  cos x

 sin4x
2
12. Evaluate : . etan x
dx dks ljy dhft, &
– 2 cos4x. e tan
2
x
Ans. +C

 sin4x  sinxcosxcos2x
2 2
Sol. . etan x
dx = 4 etan x dx =

4  tanx
2
. sec2 x . cos4 x . cos2x etan x dx
1 1 t
=2  (1  t) 2
1 t
et dt (Putting, tan2x = t 2 tan x · sec2 x dx = dt)

(t  1)  2 t
=–2  (1  t)3
e dt

t  2 
=–2
1
 e  (1  t)2  (1  t)3  dt =
2e t
(1  t)2
+C   e (f(t)  f (t))
t
dt  et f(t) 
2
= 2etan x cos4 x + C
 sin4x . e  sinxcosxcos2x
tan2 x 2
Hindi dx = 4 etan x dx
= 4  tanx . sec
2
2
x . cos4 x . cos2x etan x dx
1 1 t
=2  (1  t) 2
1 t
et dt (ekuk tan2x = t 2 tan x · sec2 x dx = dt)
 (t  1)  2 t
=–2  (1  t)3
e dt

 2  2e t
=–2  e  (1  t)
t 1
2
 
(1  t)3 
dt =
(1  t)2
+C   e (f(t)  f (t))
t
dt  et f(t) 
2
= 2etan x cos4 x + C

13. Evaluate :  tan 1

x. n (1 + x 2 ) dx. dks ljy dhft, &

n  +C
2
Ans. x tan 1
x. n (1 + x 2 ) + (tan 1
x) 2  2x tan 1
x + n (1 + x 2 )  1  x2

 tan
1
Sol. x . n(1  x 2 ) dx
x 2x 2 tan 1 x
= x tan – 1 x . n(1 + x 2 ) –  1 x n (1  x 2 ) dx –  dx
2
(1  x 2 )
1 tan1 x
= x tan – 1 x n (1 + x 2 ) – n 2 (1 + x 2 ) – 2  tan1 x dx  2 dx
4 1  x2
= x tan – 1 n (1 + x 2 ) –
1
4
× 4 n 2  1  x2  – 2x tan – 1 x + n (1 + x 2 ) + (tan – 1 x) 2 + C

1  n x n  1  x 2n
14. Evaluate :  ex dx dks ljy dhft, &
1  x  n
1  x 2n

1  xn
Ans. ex +C
1  xn
 1  nx n 1  x 2n   1  xn nxn1 
=   (1  xn ) 1  x 2n  dx =   1 xn (1 xn ) 1  x2n
   dx
x x
Sol. e e
 
   
1  xn nxn1 1  xn
Let f(x) =  f(x) =  = ex . +C
1  xn (1  xn ) 1  x 2n 1  xn

 1  nxn 1  x 2n   1  xn nxn1 
e   dx =   1 xn (1 xn ) 1  x2n
   dx =  (ekuk)
x x
Hindi. e
 (1  xn ) 1  x 2n  
   
1  xn nxn1 1  xn
ekuk f(x) =  f(x) =  = ex . +C
1  xn (1  xn ) 1  x 2n 1  xn

15. Evaluate :  cos 2 x n (1 + tan x) dx dks ljy dhft, &

1
Ans. [ sin2 x.n(1+tan x) – x +  n |sin x + cos x|] + C
2
Sol.  cos 2 x n (1 + tan x) dx
1 1 sec 2 x 1 tan x  1– 1
=
2
sin 2x n (1 + tan x) – 
2 (1  tan x)
sin 2x dx =
2
sin 2x n (1 + tanx) –  1  tan x
dx

1 1 2cos x  sin x  sin x

2 
= sin 2x n (1 + tan x) – x + dx
2 sin x  cos x
 1 x 1 cos x  sin x
2  sin x  cos x
= sin 2x n (1 + tanx) – x + + dx
2 2
1
= [sin 2x n (1 + tanx) – x + n |sin x + cos x|] + C
2

dx
16. Evaluate :   a  b cos x  2
, (a > b) dks ljy dhft, &

b sin x 2a ab x
Ans. – + 2 tan–1 tan +C
(a  b )(a  bcos x)
2 2
(a  b2 )3 / 2 ab 2
dx
Sol.  (a  b cos x) 2
, (a > b)

1 b sin x 1 1 1 cosec x cot x

=–
b  cos ec x .
(a  b cos x)2
dx =
b
(cosec x) .
(a  b cos x)
+
b  (a  bcos x)
dx

1 1 1
= (cosec x) . + 1
b (a  b cos x) b
cos x
1 =  dx
(1  cos x)(1  cos x)(a  bcos x)
Use partial fractions and proceed
vkaf'kd fHkUuksa dk iz;ksx djds gy dhft,A

2  x  x2
17. Evaluate :  x2
dx dks ljy dhft, &

2  x  x2 2 4  x  2 2 2  x  x2  2x  1 
Ans. – + ln – sin–1   +K
x 4 x  3 

2  x  x2
Sol.  x2 dx

 1 (1  2x) 1
= 2  x  x2 .    +
 x
2 2xx 2
.
x
dx

2xx 2
dx 1 1/ x 2 dx
=–
x
–  2 2
–
2  2 1
3  1  1
2 x  2 x2 x
   
 1
2  x  x2 x2
=– – sin–1   – 1
x  3 / 2 
 
–dt 1 1
1 = 2 2t 2  t  1
taking
x
= t , then – 2 dx = dt
x

2
1 dt 1  1  1 9
=–
2 2
 2 2
=–
2 2
log  t     t   
 4  4  16
 1  3
t  4   4
   
1  1 1 1 1 1 1 4x 2  x  x2
=– log       = – log  4x  
2 2 x 4 x 2 2x 2 2 2   2 x
 1 (4  x)  2 2 2  x  x 2 1 (4  x)  2 2 2  x  x 2
=– log +C=– log +K
2 2 4x 2 2 x

2  x  x2
Hindi  x2
dx

 1 (1  2x) 1
= 2  x  x2 .    +
 x
2 2xx 2
.
x
dx

2xx 2
dx 1 1/ x 2 dx
=–
x
–  2 2
–
2  2 1
3  1  1
2 x  2 x2 x
   
 1
2  x  x2 x2
=– – sin–1   – 1
x  3 / 2 
 
–dt 1 1
1 = 2 2t 2  t  1
ekuk
x
= t , rks – 2 dx = dt
x

2
1 dt 1  1  1 9
=–
2 2
 2 2
=–
2 2
log  t     t   
 4   4  16
 1  3
t  4   4
   
1  1 1 1 1 1 1 4x 2  x  x2
=– log       = – log   
x 4
2
2 2 x 2x 2 2 2  4x  2 x

1 (4  x)  2 2 2  x  x 2 1 (4  x)  2 2 2  x  x 2
=– log +C=– log +K
2 2 4x 2 2 x

(5 x2  12) d x
18. Integrate:  (x 2
 6 x  13)2
dks ljy dhft, &

13x – 159 53 x3

Ans. + tan 1 +C
8(x 2 – 6x  13) 16 2
Sol: 5 x2  12 = l (x2  6 x + 13) + m (2 x  6) + n
equating co-efficient xq.kkadksa dh rqyuk djus ij l = 5; m = 15; n = 13
5 dx 15 (2 x  6) dx
 =  +  dx + 13 
(x  3)  4
2
( x  6 x  13)
2 2
 (x  3)2  4 
2

5 x3 15 2 sec 2 
Now vc 1 = tan 1 ; I2 =  2 & I3 = 13  d ,
2 2 x  6 x  13 16 sec 4 
13 13  1 
where tgk¡ x  3 = 2 tan =
16  (1 cos 2 ) d  = 16   2 sin2 
13  1 x  3  13 x3 13 x  3 13 x3
=  tan  + 32 . = tan 1 + .
 2  x  3
2
8 x2  6 x  9
1  
16 16 2

 2 
13x – 159 53 x3
  = 1 + 2 +  3 = + tan 1 +C
8(x 2 – 6x  13) 16 2
 3x 2  2x
19. If x 2x  x 4  2x3  2x 2  5
6 5
dx = F(x), then find the value of [F(1) – F(0)], where [.] represents

greatest integer function.

3x 2  2x
;fn  6 dx = F(x) gS, rks [F(1) – F(0)] dk eku Kkr dhft, ]tgk¡ [.] egÙke iw.kk±d
x  2x5  x 4  2x3  2x 2  5
Qyu dks iznf'kZr djrk gSA .
Ans. 0
3x 2  2x 3x 2  2x 1  x3  x 2  1
Sol.  x6  2x5  x4  2x3  2x2  5 dx =  (x  x  1)  4
3 2 2
dx =
2
tan –1

 2
+ C

1  x3  x 2  1
 F(x) = tan–1   +C
2  2 
1  3 1 1 4
 F(1) – F(0) =  tan1  tan1  = tan–1
2  2 2 2 7
1 
 0 < F(1) – F(0) < . <1
2 2
 [F(1) – F(0)] = 0

n (1  sin2 x) dx.
20. Evaluate :  cos2 x
dks ljy dhft, &

Ans. tan x ln (1 + sin2x) – 2x + 2 tan–1 ( 2 .tan x) + C.

n(1  sin2 x) dx
Sol.  cos2 x
sin2 x  1  1 sec 2 x dx
 = n (1 + sin2x) . tan x – 2  1  sin2 x
dx = n (1 + sin2x) . tan x – 2x + 2  1  2 tan2
x
= n (1 + sin2x) . tan x – 2x + 2 tan–1 ( 2 tan x) + C

1  cos  cos x
21. Evaluate :  cos   cos x
dx dks ljy dhft, &
1
cos (   x)
Ans. x cos  + sin  n 2 +C
1
cos (   x)
2
1  cos  cos x 1  cos  cos x  cos2   cos2 
Sol. =  cos   cos x dx =  cos   cos x
dx

cos (cos x  cos ) sin2 

= dx +  dx = x cos  + sin2 . 1
cos   cos x cos   cos x
x
sec 2
sec 2 x / 2
1 =  dx =  2 dx
 2 x  2 x 2 x
 1  tan cos   1  tan 1  cos    (1  cos  ) tan
 2  
 2  2

   x   x  x
1  cos 2  sin 2 tan 2  1  cos 2 cos 2  sin 2 sin 2 
= n   +C= n   +C
sin   cos  – sin  tan x  sin   cos  cos x  sin  sin x 
 2 2 2   2 2 2 2
 x
cos  2 
=
1
n   +C
sin  x
cos  
 2 
x
cos  2 
 = x cos  + sin  n   +C
x
cos  
 2 

a  bsin x
22. Evaluate :  b  asin x  2
dx dks ljy dhft, &

cos x
Ans. – C
b  a sin x
Sol. dx
cos x
Let P =
(b  a sin x)
dP (b sin x  a)
=–
dx (b  a sin x)2
a  b sin x dP cos x
So  (b  a sin x) 2
dx = – 
dx
dx = –
(b  a sin x)
+C

Hindi dx
cos x
ekuk P =
(b  a sin x)
dP (b sin x  a)
=–
dx (b  a sin x)2
a  b sin x dP cos x
vr%  (b  a sin x) 2
dx = – 
dx
dx = –
(b  a sin x)
+C

dx
23. Evaluate :  (x  ) (x   ) (x  )
dks ljy dhft, &

2 x 
Ans. . C
   x 
dx 1 1
Sol. =  (x  ) (x   ) (x  )
Put, (x – ) =
t
  dx = –
t2
dt

1
 dt
t2 dt
 = 1 1 1
=–  1  (  ) t
Put 1 + ( – ) t = z2  (– ) dt = 2z dz
. (   ) 
t t t
2 zdz  2     2  x 
 =–
(  ) z 
=– 
 
 1
x
+C =–  
  x
+C

Alt. Put x =  sec2  –  tan2

x  2
 Alt. put =t
x
x 
Alt. put =z
x
 dx 1 1
Hindi =  (x  ) (x   ) (x  )
(x – ) =
t
j[kus ij   dx = –
t2
dt

1
 dt
t2 dt
 = 1 1 1 1  (  )
=–  t
(   ) 
.
t t t
ekuk 1 + ( – ) t = z2, rks (– ) dt = 2z dz
2 zdz  2     2  x 
 =–
(  )z
=–   1
 
 x
+C =–  
  x
+C

oSdfYid % x =  sec  –  tan j[kus ij

2 2

x  2
 oSdfYid % = t j[kus ij
x
x 
oSdfYid % = z j[kus ij
x

(cos 2x)1/ 2
24. Evaluate  sin x
dx dks ljy dhft, &
 cot 2 x  1  2cot 2 x 
Ans. 2 log    log cot x  cot 2 x  1  c
 cot x  1
2   
 
(cos 2x)1/ 2 cos2 x  sin2 x
Sol. Let  = 
sin x
dx =
sin2 x
dx =  cot 2 x  1dx put cot2 x  1  y

cot2x = y2 + 1
 –2cotx.cosec2x.dx = 2y.dy
 ydy  ydy
dx  =
cot x(1  cot x)
2
1  y2 (2  y2 )
y  y.dy (y 2  2  2).dy
so that  =  1  y 2 (2  y 2 )
=   (y 2
 2) y 2  1
1 dy
=   y2  1
.dy  2  
(y 2  2) y 2  1
= –log[y + y2  1 ] + 21

dy
1 =  (y 2
 2) y 2  1
y2  1
put  t2
y 22

(1  t 2 )(4t)  (2t 2  1)( 2t)

2y.dy =
(1  t 2 )2
t
y.dy =
(1  t 2 )2
t 1  t2
 dy =
(1  t 2 )2 2t 2  1
2t 2  1 2t 2  1  2  2t 2 1 2t 2  1 2t 2  1  1  t 2 t2
y2 + 2 = 2 =  and y2 + 1 = 1 
1 t 2
1 t 2
1 t 2
1 t 2
1 t 2
1  t2
 t 1  t2 1  t2 dt 1
 1 =
 (1 t 2 2
) 2t  1
2 t
.(1  t 2 )dt =  2t  1
2

2
log( 2t  2t 2  1)

1  2(y 2  1)  y 1 y  2 (y 2  1)
= log   = log
2  y2  2  y2  2 2 y2  2
 
 y  2(y 2  1) 
  = –log[y + y2  1 ] + 2 log  c
 y 2
 2 
 
 cot 2 x  1  2cot 2 x 
= 2 log    log cot x  cot 2 x 1   c
   
 cot x  1
2

1  2sin2 x
Aliter :  =
 sin x. cos2x
dx

dx sin x dy dt
=
 sin x
cos x  sin x 2
2cos x  1 2
2
u 1 2
2t 2  1
dx   2
2
In the 1st integral, put cot x = t  –cosec2dx = dt
In the 2nd integral put cosx = t
–sinxdx = dt
1  2sin2 x
Aliter :  =

sin x. cos2x
dx

dx sin x dy dt
=
sin x cos x  sin x
2 2
2
2cos x  1
2
dx  u 1
2
2
2t 2  1
 
izFke lekdyu esa cot x = t j[kus ij  –cosec2dx = dt
nwljs lekdyu esa cosx = t j[kus ij
–sinxdx = dt

x
sin3

25. Evaluate dx 2 dks ljy dhft, &
x
cos3 x  cos2 x  cos x
cos
2
 1 
Ans. sec–1  cos x   + c.
 cos x
x x x x
sin3 2sin cos sin 2
 x dx = 
Sol. 2 2 2 2 dx
2 x
cos cos x  cos x  cos x
3 2
2cos cos x  cos x  cos x
3 2

2 2
sin x(1  cos x)
= 
2(1  cos x) cos3 x  cos2 x  cos x
(1  t)(dt)
=  2(1  t) t3  t2  t
{where t = cos x}

1 t 1
=
2  (t  1) t3  t 2  t
dt

(u2  1) du
=  (u 2
 1) u4  u2  1
{where t  u }
  1
 1  2  du
=   u 
 1 2 1
u  u  u  2  1
  u
dv 1
=  = sec–1 |v| + c. {where u + = v}
v v 12 u
 1  1   1 
= sec–1  u   + c = sec–1  t  –1
 + c = sec  cos x   + c.
 u  t  cos x 

x2  x2  3  B x2  3 x  3
26. If  x 4  3x 2  9 dx = A tan –1

 3x
+
 3
n
x2  3 x  3
+ c, then find the value of 12(A + B).

x2  x2  3  B x2  3 x  3
;fn  x 4  3x 2  9 dx = A tan –1

 3x 
+
3
n
x2  3 x  3
+ c gS] rks 12(A + B) dk eku Kkr

dhft,A
Ans. 5
x2 1 x2  3  x2  3
Sol.  x 4  3x 2  9 dx = 2  x 4  9  3x 2 dx
 3  3
d x   d x  
1  x 1  x 1 x2  3 1 x2  3 x  3
2  2 
= + = tan–1
+ n +c
x2  3 x  3
2 2
3 3 6 3x 4 3
 x   9 x   3
 x  
 x 
1 1
 A= , B=  12(A + B) = 5
6 4

3cos x  2
27. Evaluate  sin x  2cos x  3 dx dks ljy dhft, &
 x 
6 3 8 1
 tan 2  1 
Ans. x  log | sin x  2cos x  3 |  tan  C
5 5 5  2 
 
d
Sol. 3cosx + 2 = A(sinx + 2cosx + 3) + B (sinx + 2cosx + 3) + 
dx
3cosx + 2 = sinx (A – 2B) + cosx(2A + B) + 3A + 
Comparing the coefficients of sinx, cosx and constant terms of both sides, we get
sinx, cosx vkSj vpj inksa rqyuk djus ij
A – 2B = 0, 2A + B = 3, 3A +  = 2
6 3 8
Solving these equation we get lehdj.k dks gy djus ij A = , B = ,  = 
5 5 5

6 3 8
(sin x  2cos x  3)  (c os x  2sin x) 
3cos x  2
  sin x  2cos x  3
dx   5 5
sin x  2cos x  3
5

3cos x  2 A(sin x  2cos x  3)  B(c os x  2sin x)  

  sin x  2cos x  3 dx   sin x  2cos x  3
6 3 8 1
  log | sin x  2cos x | 
5 5 
5 sin x  2cos x  3
 1
Now  sin x  2cos x  3dx
2 tan x / 2 1  tan2 x / 2 x
Put sinx = ,cos x  and tan  t
1  tan2 x / 2 1  tan x / 2 2
x x x
 tan =t  sec2 dx = dt
2 2 2
 x 
1 2dt dt  tan 2  1 
  
1
dx  2 2  tan  C
sin x  2cos x  3 t  2t  5 (t  1)2  22  2 
 
 x 
3cos x  2 6 3 8  tan 2  1 

1
dx  x  log | sin x  2cos x  3 |  tan  C
sin x  2cos x  3 5 5 5  2 
 

28. Evaluate  3
tan xdx dks ljy dhft, &

1 1 3 2tan2 / 3 x  1
Ans.  log(1  tan2 / 3 x)  log(tan4 / 3 x  tan2 / 3 x  1)  tan1 c
2 4 2 3

3 1/2
Sol. Let ekuk tanx = z3/2, then rc sec2xdx = z dz
2
3 3 / 2 3 1/ 2 1 3 z 3 zdz
 = z 2
z 2
sec x
dz 
2 1 z 3
dz  
2 (1  z)(1  z  z 2 )
z A Bz  C
Let ekuk    z  A(z2 – z + 1) + (Bz + C)(1 + z)
(1  z)(1  z  z2 ) 1  z z2  z  1
put z = –1j[kus ij rc .Then –1 = A(1 + 1 + 1) sovr%, A = –1/3
Equating coefficients of z2 on both sides, O = A + C,  C = 1/3 and B = 1/3
z2 ds xq.kkdksa dh rqyuk djus ij O = A + C,  C = 1/3 rFkk B = 1/3
1 1
z
3 1 dz 3 3 dz   1 log(1  z)  1 z 1
 =
2
 . 
3 1 z 2
 
 32
z  z 1 2  2 z  z 1
2
dz

1 1 (2z  1)  3
=  log(1 + z) +
2 
4 z2  z  1
dz

1 1 (2z  1)dz dz
=  log(1  z) 
2 
4 z  z 1
2


 1  3 
2

 z    
 2   2 
1
z
1 1 3 2 2
=  log(1  z)  log(z – z + 1) + .
2
tan –1
+c
2 4 4 3 3
2
1 1 3 2tan2 / 3 x  1
=  log(1  tan2 / 3 x)  log(tan4 / 3 x  tan2 / 3 x  1)  tan1 c
2 4 2 3
 cosec x  cot x sec x
29. Evaluate :  cosec x  cot x
.
1  2sec x
dxdks ljy dhft, &

1 x
Ans. sin1  sec 2  + C
2 2
cos ecx  cot x sec x dx
Sol. =  cos ecx  cot x
.
1  2sec x
1  cos x sec x dx x . dx
= . =  tan
1  cos x 1  2 sec x 2 cos x cos x  2
x x x
sec 2 dx tan sec 2 dx
x .
=  tan 2 = 2 2
2 2 x 2 x x x
1  tan 3  tan 2  sec 2 2  sec 2
2 2 2 2
x x
tan sec 2 dx
x x x
=  2 2 Let sec2 = t , then sec2 tan dx = dt

2 2 2 2
2 x
2   sec 
2

 2
dt t 1 x
   = = sin–1   + C = sin–1  sec 2  + C
2 t
2 2
2 2 2
cos ecx  cot x sec x dx
Hindi =  cos ecx  cot x
.
1  2sec x
1  cos x sec x dx x dx
= . =  tan .
1  cos x 1  2 sec x 2 cos x cos x  2
x x x
sec 2 dx tan sec 2 dx
x .
=  tan 2 = 2 2
2 2 x 2 x 2 x x
1  tan 3  tan 2  sec 2  sec 2
2 2 2 2
x 2 x
tan sec dx
x x x
=  2 2 ekuk sec2 = t , rks sec2 tan dx = dt
 x 
2 2 2 2
22   sec 2 
 2
dt t 1 x
   = = sin–1   + C = sin–1  sec 2  + C
2 t
2 2
2 2 2