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Read The Text Quickly and Sign The Difficult Words

Horace Mann worked tirelessly to reform education in Massachusetts. As secretary of the state board of education, he implemented key changes like increasing the school year, extending mandatory education to age 16, and establishing normal schools for teacher training. Mann's reforms served as a model for the national education system and he is recognized as the father of public education in the United States.

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Firdaus Dwi Yulian 74934
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741 views5 pages

Read The Text Quickly and Sign The Difficult Words

Horace Mann worked tirelessly to reform education in Massachusetts. As secretary of the state board of education, he implemented key changes like increasing the school year, extending mandatory education to age 16, and establishing normal schools for teacher training. Mann's reforms served as a model for the national education system and he is recognized as the father of public education in the United States.

Uploaded by

Firdaus Dwi Yulian 74934
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Read the text quickly and sign the difficult words


Perhaps it was his own lack of adequate schooling that inspired Horace Mann to work so
hard to accomplish the important reforms in education that he advocated. While he was still
a boy, his father and older brother died, and he became responsible for supporting his family.
Like most of the children in his town, he attended school only two or three months a year.
Later, with the help of several teachers, he was able to study law and become a member of
the Massachusetts bar, but he never forgot those early struggles.
            While serving in the Massachusetts legislature, he signed an historic education bill
that set up a state board of education. Without regret, he gave up his successful legal practice
and political career to become the first secretary of the board. There he exercised an
enormous influence during the critical period of reconstruction that brought into existence
the American graded elementary school as a substitute for the older district school system.
Under his leadership, the curriculum was restructured, the school year was increased to a
minimum of six months, and mandatory schooling was extended to age sixteen. Other
important reforms that came into existence under Mann’s guidance included the
establishment of state normal schools for teacher training, institutes for in service teacher
education, and lyceums for adult education. He was also instrumental in improving salaries
for teachers and creating school libraries.
            Mann’s ideas about school reform were developed and distributed in the twelve
annual reports to the state of Massachusetts that he wrote during his tenure as secretary of
education. Considered quite radical at the time, the Massachusetts reforms later served as a
model for the nation’s educational system. Mann was formally recognized as the father of
public education.
            During his lifetime, Horace Mann worked tirelessly to extend educational
opportunities to agrarian families and the children of poor laborers. In one of his last
speeches he summed up his philosophy of education and life: “Be ashamed to die until you
have won some victory for humanity.” Surely, his own life was an example of that
philosophy.

2. Make a list of new vocabulary with their meaning


Lack : Kekurangan
Adequate : Cukup
Accomplish : Selesai
Struggle : Perjuangan
Exercise : Dilaksanakan
Enermous : Besar sekali
Mandatory : Wajib
Tenure : Masa jabatan
Tirelessly : Tanpa kenal lelah
3. Reread the text and answer the questions given

1.   Which of the following titles would best express the main topic of the passage?
            A.  The Father of American Public Education
            B.  Philosophy of Education
            C.  The Massachusetts State Board of Education
            D.  Politics of Educational Institutions
 
2.   Why does the author mention Horace Mann’s early life?
            A.  As an example of the importance of an early education for success
            B.  To make the biography more complete
            C.  Because it served as the inspiration for his later work in education
            D.  In tribute to the teachers who helped him succeed
 
3.   The word struggles in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by
            A.  valuable experiences
            B.  happy situations
            C.  Influential people
            D.  difficult times
 
4.   The word there refers to
            A.  the Massachusetts legislature
            B.  the state board of education  
            C.  Mann’s legal practice
            D. his political career
 
5.   The word mandatory in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
            A.  required
            B.  equal
            C.  excellent
            D.  basic
 
 
6.   With which of the following statements would the author most probably agree?
            A.  Horace Mann’s influence on American education was very great
            B.  A small but important influence on American education was exerted by Horace
Mann
            C.  Few educators fully understood Horace Mann’s influence on American education
D. The influence on American education by Horace Mann was not accepted or
appreciated
     
 
7.   Horace Mann advocated all of the following EXCEPT
            A.  a state board of education
            B.  a district school system
            C.  classes for adult
            D.  graded elementary schools
 
8.   The reforms that Horace Mann achieved
            A.  were not very radical for the time
            B.  were used only by the state of Massachusetts
            C.  were later adopted by the nation as a model
            D.  were enforced by the Massachusetts bar
 
9.   With which of the following statements would Horace Mann most probably agree?
            A.  Think in new ways
            B.  Help others               
            C.  Study as much as possible
            D.  Work hard
4. Translate the passage into the Indonesian language
Mungkin kurangnya sekolah yang memadai yang menginspirasi Horace Mann untuk
bekerja begitu keras untuk mencapai reformasi penting dalam pendidikan yang dia anjurkan.
Ketika dia masih kecil, ayah dan kakak laki-lakinya meninggal, dan dia bertanggung jawab
untuk menghidupi keluarganya. Seperti kebanyakan anak di kotanya, dia bersekolah hanya
dua atau tiga bulan setahun. Belakangan, dengan bantuan beberapa guru, dia bisa belajar
hukum dan menjadi anggota bar Massachusetts, tetapi dia tidak pernah melupakan
perjuangan awal itu.

Saat bertugas di badan legislatif Massachusetts, dia menandatangani undang-undang


pendidikan bersejarah yang mengatur dewan pendidikan negara bagian. Tanpa penyesalan, ia
melepaskan praktik hukum dan karier politiknya yang sukses untuk menjadi sekretaris
pertama dewan tersebut. Di sana, ia memberikan pengaruh yang sangat besar selama masa
kritis rekonstruksi yang melahirkan sekolah dasar bertingkat Amerika sebagai pengganti
sistem sekolah distrik yang lebih tua. Di bawah kepemimpinannya, kurikulum
direstrukturisasi, tahun ajaran dinaikkan menjadi minimal enam bulan, dan sekolah wajib
diperpanjang hingga usia enam belas tahun. Reformasi penting lainnya yang muncul di
bawah bimbingan Mann termasuk pendirian sekolah normal negeri untuk pelatihan guru,
institut untuk pendidikan guru layanan, dan kamar bacaan untuk pendidikan orang dewasa. Ia
juga berperan penting dalam meningkatkan gaji guru dan menciptakan perpustakaan sekolah.

Ide Mann tentang reformasi sekolah dikembangkan dan didistribusikan dalam dua belas
laporan tahunan ke negara bagian Massachusetts yang dia tulis selama masa jabatannya
sebagai sekretaris pendidikan. Dianggap cukup radikal pada saat itu, reformasi Massachusetts
kemudian menjadi model sistem pendidikan bangsa. Mann secara resmi diakui sebagai bapak
pendidikan publik.

Selama hidupnya, Horace Mann bekerja tanpa lelah untuk memperluas kesempatan
pendidikan bagi keluarga agraris dan anak-anak buruh miskin. Dalam salah satu pidato
terakhirnya, dia menyimpulkan filosofi pendidikan dan kehidupannya: "Malu mati sampai
kamu memenangkan beberapa kemenangan bagi umat manusia." Tentunya, hidupnya sendiri
adalah contoh dari filosofi itu.

5. Read the text again and write the ideas of each paragraph

Paragraph 1 : Lack of adequate education, Horace Mann inspires to work hard to archive
important reforms in the education he support. And with the help of a few teachers he was
able to study Law.
Paragraph 2 : Under his leadership, he had impact during the critical period of reconstruction
that gave brith to American graded primary schools, restricted curriculum, the school year
was raised to minimum of six month extension to sixteen. He also played an important role
increasing teacher salaries and building a school library.
Paragaph 3 : The school reforms were developed and distribute in the twele annual reports of
Massachsetts which he wrote during his tenure as education secretary. And Mann is officially
recognized as the father of public education.

Paragraph 4 : Horace Mann worked tirelessly to expand educational opportunities for poor
agricultural families and working children. In one of his final speeches, he summed up this
philosophy of education and life, “Be ashamed to die until you have won some victory for
humanity.”

6. Make a summary of the passage


Horace Mann worked very hard to achieve important reforms in education. With the help of
several teachers, he was able to study law and become a member of a Massachusetts bar.
While serving in the Massachusetts legislature, he signed historic education laws governing
state education boards. During his lifetime, Horace Mann worked hard to expand educational
opportunities for agricultural families and children of poor laborers. He also played an
important role in increasing teacher salaries and creating a school library. And Mann is
officially recognized as the father of public education.

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