ABSTRACT

Fog reduces visibility, limits contrast, distorts perception and which limits our ability
to see other cars and objects on the road while we are travelling on a vehicle in the foggy
climate. Fog is produced by the suspension of very fine moisture droplets in the air.  When
light hits these droplets, it scatters and results in a dense white background. As a result
vehicle drivers can’t see very far ahead, and there may be a greater possibility for mishap
occurrence. In the past four years, fog-related road accidents in india have risen almost 100
percent. On an average, in india almost 12,000 people are dying due to fog accidents. So,
there should be an effiecient solution to avoid mishaps which will occur in the foggy climate.
Although there are some existing schemes like usage of yellow lights and usage of hot air
outlets in cars, they are not efficient as they can’t remove fog in air and also they consume
more time to remove fog on car screen. So in this work we proposed an efficient mishap
avoidance framework which utilizes ultrasonic sensor and haze detection technique which
enables the vehicle to take automatic brake when it detects any obstacle before the vehicle
and after applying brake the vehicle’s control is given to driver. Thus this scheme will avoid
the mishap by detecting obstacles and applying automatic brake thereby reducing fog
accidents. Here to visualize the output of this prototype in this work we have used bluetooth
module and arduino UNO and made a remote control car which is attached with ultrasonic
sensor to detect obstacles and to stop the car automatically.

Keywords: Mishap, Arduino UNO, Ultrasonic Sensor, Haze, Bluetooth Module.

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 1. INTRODUCTION

Fog is a cloud that touches the ground. Fog can be thin or thick, meaning people have
difficulty seeing through it. In some conditions, fog can be so thick that it makes passing cars.
Even monuments like London Bridge, in London, England, or the Golden Gate Bridge, in
San Francisco, California, are almost impossible to see in thick fog. Generally, fog may form
in below conditions. Fog shows up when water vapor, or water in its gaseous form,
condenses. During condensation, molecules of water vapor combine to make tiny liquid water
droplets that hang in the air. You can see fog because of these tiny water droplets. Water
vapor, a gas, is invisible. Fog happens when it’s very, very humid. There has to be a lot of
water vapor in the air for fog to form. In order for fog to form, dust or some kind of air
pollution needs to be in the air. Water vapor condenses around these microscopic solid
particles. Sea fog, which shows up near bodies of salty water, is formed as water vapor
condenses around bits of salt. Depending on the humidity and temperature, fog can form very
suddenly and then disappear just as quickly. This is called flash fog. Fog is not the same thing
as mist. Fog is denser than mist. This means fog is more massive and thicker than mist. There
are more water molecules in the same amount of space in a fog. Fog cuts visibility down to
one kilometer, meaning it will prevent you from seeing further away than one kilometer
from where you’re standing. Mist can reduce visibility to between one and two kilometers.

The presence of fog leads to an increase in road traffic accidents. Dense fog can create
dangerous conditions on the road, especially if it's extremely dense fog or combined with
other severe weather conditions. Fog has the potential to reduce visibility significantly, so it
is critical that drivers stay focused on the road in order to stay safe. On December 24, 2018
eight people, including seven from the same family, were killed in a highway pile-up due to
thick fog in Jhajjar, Haryana. Five days later, on December 29, 2018, seven people were dead
and four injured when a vehicle rammed into two SUVs due to heavy fog on the Ambala-
Chandigarh national highway. In 2016, as many as 9,317 people died in fog-related road
crashes, the number increased to 11, 090 in 2017. This is a jump of almost 20% in one year
alone. Worse, between 2014 and 2017, fatalities on roads due to fog-related crashes surged
almost 100 per cent Low visibility conditions cause increased speed variance, which
increases crash risk. Each year, over 38,700 vehicle crashes occur in fog. Over 600 people are
killed and more than 16,300 people are injured in these crashes annually From all the above

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situations we have came with an innovative solution that by using IoT. The Internet Of
Things (IoT) describes the network of physical objects, so known as, "things" that are
embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies that is used for the purpose of
connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the Internet. Things
have evolved due to the convergence of multiple technologies, real-time analytics, machine
learning, ubiquitous computing, commodity sensors, and embedded systems. Traditional
fields of embedded systems, wireless sensor networks, control systems, automation
(including home and building automation), and others all contribute to enabling the Internet
of things. The concept of the "Internet of Things" and the term itself, first appeared in a
speech by Peter T. Lewis, to the Congressional Black Caucus Foundation 15th Annual
Legislative Weekend in Washington, D.C, published in September 1985.According to Lewis,
"The Internet of Things, or IoT, is the integration of people, processes and technology with
connectable devices and sensors to enable remote monitoring, status, manipulation and
evaluation of trends of such devices."

A growing portion of IoT devices are created for consumer use, including connected
vehicles, home automation, wearable technology, connected health, and appliances with
remote monitoring capabilities. With the IoT we can solve many problems which are in
existing world by making the normal things to be smart. In this mini project we made the car
to be smart by allowing it to take decisions based on the situation without any human
intervention and also that own decision making is limited only to apply brake and restrict the
forward direction movement of the car when the obstacle is there in front of the car.

2. THEORETICAL STUDY

The circuit diagram for proposed framework is demonstrated in fig 3.1. Where
Arduino UNO is the main heart of the circuit as it controls all the operations take place in
proposed framework. Here L298N motor driver, LED will be used as output devices as they
will obey the commands of arduino and Battery (12V), HC-05 bluetooth module, DHT 11
humidity sensor, push button and ultrasonic sensor will be used as input devices as the
arduino will use the data from these devices to control the output devices. The push button
will be used to give interrupts to micro controller inside arduino to execute some other
operation which is different form current operation like switching from normal mode to haze
mode and vice versa.

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 Fig3.1: Circuit diagram.

The components required to complete the above circuit is listed below. Here we need
to take jumperwires, glue gun, some screws and chasis based on our requirement to place
equipment on chasis to make a car. The component required are:

1) Arduino UNO.
2) L298N Motor driver.
3) Breadboard
4) HC-SR04 Ultrasonic sensor.
5) Dc motors.
6) Batteries.
7) Humidity Sensor DHT11
8) HC-05 Bluetooth Module.
9) Push Button.
10) LED.

i) Arduino Uno:

The Arduino UNO is a standard board of Arduino. Here UNO means 'one' in Italian.
It was named as UNO to label the first release of Arduino Software. It was also the first USB

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board released by Arduino. It is considered as the powerful board used in various projects.
Arduino.cc developed the Arduino UNO board. Arduino UNO is based on an
ATmega328P microcontroller. It is easy to use compared to other boards, such as the Arduino
Mega board, etc. The board consists of digital and analog Input/Output pins (I/O), shields,
and other circuits. The Arduino UNO includes 6 analog pin inputs, 14 digital pins,
a USB connector, a power jack, and an ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) header. It is
programmed based on IDE, which stands for Integrated Development Environment. It can
run on both online and offline platforms. The IDE is common to all available boards of
Arduino. The USB port in the Arduino board is used to connect the board to the computer
using the USB cable. The cable acts as a serial port and as the power supply to interface the
board. Such dual functioning makes it unique to recommend and easy to use for beginners.
We can program the Arduino UNO using the Arduino IDE. The Arduino IDE is the Integral
Development program, which is common to all the boards.

Arduino Web Editor can also be used, which allows us to upload sketches and write
the code from our web browser (Google Chrome recommended) to any Arduino Board. It is
an online platform. The USB connection is essential to connect the computer with the board.
It has 20 digital input/output pins of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs and 6 can be used
as analog inputs. In our project it is used to interface with Bluetooth module to process the
commands given by the user while normal remote control driving and it is used to interface
with ultrasonic sensor and process the information given by sensor to give commands to
L298N motor driver.

ii) L298N Module:

The L298N Motor Driver module consists of an L298 Motor Driver IC, 78M05
Voltage Regulator, resistors, capacitor, Power LED, 5V jumper in an integrated circuit.
78M05 Voltage regulator will be enabled only when the jumper is placed. When the power
supply is less than or equal to 12V, then the internal circuitry will be powered by the voltage
regulator and the 5V pin can be used as an output pin to power the microcontroller. The
jumper should not be placed when the power supply is greater than 12V and separate 5V
should be given through 5V terminal to power the internal circuitry. ENA & ENB pins are
speed control pins for Motor A and Motor B.

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 While IN1& IN2 and IN3 & IN4 are direction control pins for Motor A and Motor B.
L298n motor driver module uses the PWM technique to control the speed of rotation of a DC
motor. In this technique, the speed of a DC motor can be controlled by changing its input
voltage. Pulse Width Modulation is a technique where the average value of the input voltage
is adjusted by sending a series of ON-OFF pulses. The L298N is a dual H-Bridge motor
driver which allows speed and direction control of two DC motors at the same time. The
module can drive DC motors that have voltages between 5 and 35V, with a peak current up to
2A. The module have an onboard 5V regulator which is either enabled or disabled using a
jumper. If the motor supply voltage is up to 12V we can enable the 5V regulator and the 5V
pin can be used as output.L298N module is a high voltage, high current dual full-bridge
motor driver module for controlling DC motor and stepper motor. It can control both
the speed and rotation direction of two DC motors. This module consists of an L298 dual-
channel H-Bridge motor driver IC. This module consists of an L298 motor driver IC and a
78M05 5V regulator. L298N Module can control up to 4 DC motors, or 2 DC motors with
directional and speed control. L298N Module Pin Configuration: In our project L298N motor
driver is used to control direction and speed of DC motors based on the commands given by
Arduino UNO.

iii) HC-SR04 Ultrasonic sensor:

An ultrasonic sensor is an instrument that measures the distance to an object using

ultrasonic sound waves. An ultrasonic sensor uses a transducer to send and receive ultrasonic
pulses that relay back information about an object’s proximity. High-frequency sound waves
reflect from boundaries to produce distinct echo patterns. Ultrasonic Sensor HC-SR04 is a
sensor that can measure distance. It emits an ultrasound at 40 000 Hz (40kHz) which
travels through the air and if there is an object or obstacle on its path It will bounce back
to the module. Considering the travel time and the speed of the sound you can calculate
the distance. The configuration pin of HC-SR04 is VCC (1), TRIG (2), ECHO (3), and
GND (4). The supply voltage of VCC is +5V and you can attach TRIG and ECHO pin to
any Digital I/O in your Arduino Board.

The ultrasound transmitter (trig pin) emits a high-frequency sound (40 kHz). The
sound travels through the air. If it finds an object, it bounces back to the module. The
ultrasound receiver (echo pin) receives the reflected sound (echo). Ultrasonic transducers and
ultrasonic sensors are devices that generate or sense ultrasound energy. They can be divided

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into three broad categories: transmitters, receivers and transceivers. Transmitters convert
electrical signals into ultrasound, receivers convert ultrasound into electrical signals, and
transceivers can both transmit and receive ultrasound. It gives precise measurement details
and comes with accuracy (resolution) around 3mm, terming there might be a slight difference
in the calculated distance from the object and the actual distance. In our project it is used to
calculate the distance between vehicle and obstacle and transfer the information to Arduino
UNO.
Table 2.1: Specifications of Ultra Sonic Sensor.

Fig2.2: Construction of Ultrasonic sensor.

iv) HC-05 Bluetooth Module:

Bluetooth Communication is a 2.4GHz frequency based RF Communication with a

range of approximately 10 meters. It is one of the most popular and most frequently used low
range communication for data transfer, audio systems, handsfree, computer peripherals etc.
Coming to usage of Bluetooth Communication in DIY projects, HC-05 Bluetooth Module is
the goto device. I have implemented several projects using HC-05 Bluetooth Module
like Robotic Arm, Home Automation, LED Matrix etc. This module is based on BC417

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Single Chip Bluetooth IC that is compliant with Bluetooth v2.0 standard and with support for
both UART and USB interfaces. Generally, the HC-05 Bluetooth Module, or the HC-05 Sub
Module, to be precise, comes with the BC417 IC along with a flash memory. Such Modules
come as surface mount board and several third-party manufacturers use these board to build a
more complete system with necessary pins and components.

The HC-05 Module supports for UART, USB as well as SPI communication and
depending on the application, necessary pins can be used. In my case, the board uses the
UART communication. Coming to the pins of the Bluetooth Module, generally, four pins are
sufficient for successfully enabling a wireless communication link but the modules produced
now-a-days come with six pins namely: VCC, GND, TX, RX, EN and STATE. The HC-05
Bluetooth Module can be configured in two modes of operation: Command Mode and Data
Mode.In Command Mode, you can communicate with the Bluetooth module through AT
Commands for configuring various settings and parameters of the Module like get the
firmware information, change UART Baud Rate, change module name, set it as either Master
or slave etc. In our project it is used to connect Arduino UNO and mobile phone wirelessly
by transferring user’s command to Arduino UNO to control the direction and speed of car.

Fig2.3: Bluetooth module.

Table 2.2 Bluetooth Module Specifications.

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v) Humidity Sensor

Humidity Sensor is one of the most important devices that has been widely in
consumer, industrial, biomedical, and environmental etc. applications for measuring and
monitoring Humidity. Humidity is defined as the amount of water present in the surrounding
air. This water content in the air is a key factor in the wellness of mankind. For example, we
will feel comfortable even if the temperature is 00C with less humidity i.e. the air is dry. But
if the temperature is 100C and the humidity is high i.e. the water content of air is high, then
we will feel quite uncomfortable. Humidity is also a major factor for operating sensitive
equipment like electronics, industrial equipment, electrostatic sensitive devices and high
voltage devices etc.

Humidity Sensors are very important devices that help in measuring the
environmental humidity. Technically, the device used to measure the humidity of the
atmosphere is called Hygrometer. Humidity Sensors or Hygrometers can be classified based
on the type of humidity it is used for measuring i.e. Absolute Humidity (AH) sensors or
Relative Humidity (RH) sensors. Humidity Sensors can also be classified based on the
parameter used for measuring Humidity i.e. Capacitive Humidity Sensors, Electrical
Conductivity (or Resistive) Humidity Sensors and Thermal Conductivity Humidity Sensors.
DHT11 sensor measures and provides humidity and temperature values serially over a single
wire. It can measure relative humidity in percentage (20 to 90% RH) and temperature in
degree Celsius in the range of 0 to 50°C.It has 4 pins; one of which is used for data
communication in serial form. In our project it is used to sense the outside temperature of
vehicle and to give transfer this information to Arduino UNO so that it will give alert to user
to switch to Haze mode.

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vi) Push Button:

The pushbutton is a component that connects two points in a circuit when you press it.
The example turns on an LED when you press the button. We connect three wires to the
Arduino board. The first goes from one leg of the pushbutton through a pull-up resistor (here
2.2 KOhms) to the 5 volt supply. The second goes from the corresponding leg of the
pushbutton to ground. The third connects to a digital i/o pin (here pin 7) which reads the
button's state.

When the pushbutton is open (unpressed) there is no connection between the two legs
of the pushbutton, so the pin is connected to 5 volts (through the pull-up resistor) and we read
a HIGH. When the button is closed (pressed), it makes a connection between its two legs,
connecting the pin to ground, so that we read a LOW. (The pin is still connected to 5 volts,
but the resistor in-between them means that the pin is "closer" to ground.). In our project it is
used to switch between two modes of driving namely Normal mode and Haze mode.

vii) LED (Light Emitting Diode):

Light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits light when an

electric current is passed through it. Light is produced when the particles that carry the
current (known as electrons and holes) combine together within the semiconductor material.
LED When an Arduino's pin is configured as a digital output, the pin's voltage can be
programmatically set to GND or VCC value. By connecting the Arduino's pin
to LED's anode (+) pin (via a resistor), we can programmatically control LED's state. In our
project it is used to give alerts to driver when the outside temperature is too low and to give
alert while car is taking automatic diversion with different tone frequency.

viii) Jumper Wires

A jump wire is an electrical wire or group of them in a cable with a connector or pin
at each end. Wires are used to connect components to each other on the breadboard or other
prototype, internally or with other equipment or components, without soldering. Wire
connectors could be male or female. A male connector is commonly referred to as a plug and
has a solid pin for a center conductor. A female connector is commonly referred to as a jack
and has a center conductor with a hole in it to accept the male pin.

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ix) Micromors and Grippy Wheels

Mobile wheeled or tracked robots have a minimum of two motors which are used to
propel and steer the robot. Hobbyists tend to choose skid steering (like a tank) because of its
simplicity to design, incorporate and control. A three wheeled robot‘s third (rear) wheel
usually prevents the robot from falling over. Four wheeled robots have either two or four
drive motors and use skid steering. Six wheeled robots most commonly have either two, four
or six drive motors. Individuals who use an R/C car as a basis for their robot use rack and
pinion steering where one motor is connected to a drive train and the other (usually a
servo motor) is used for steering. Increasing the number of drive motors helps the robot to
climb steeper inclines by increasing the torque. Adding ―idle‖ wheels (wheels not
connected to a motor) often has the unfortunate consequence of removing weight from the
drive wheels resulting in slip and loss of traction. In the image below, the center wheel,
chosen mistakenly as the driven wheel, often loses contact with the ground. The way around
this is to add suspension.

x) Software Description

Arduino software is used to put the instruction of whole functions of this system to
the microcontroller. Here we use programming language - C for coding. The program for
executing this project has been written in C language. The program is burnt in the
microcontroller using burner software. The program is stored in the EEPROM of the
microcontroller, which is present in the Node MCU ESP8266. By this software we put the
data and instruction for forward, backward, left, right operation of this system. In android
application when we press a button, a corresponding signal is sent through the Bluetooth to
Bluetooth module (HC-05) which is connected with the NodeMCUESP8266. Similarly, an
android application is been built for Wi-Fi module and when the buttons been pressed
through the application the corresponding signal is been sent through the Node MCU
ESP8266 and the motor driver drives the wireless car. When signal data arrives the Node
MCU ESP8266 the pin which corresponds to the particular input is set to high. Now that pin
gives the output to the motor driver section. Motor driver switches accordingly the data bit, if
the data bit is low then the corresponding pin of the motor driver doesn‘t work else high bit
then the corresponding pin of the motor driver is on. We have used Arduino IDE version

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1.8.1 for writing program. There are two steps of the programming. First set up section where
we define all the variables. Second loop part where the program runs continuously.

xi) Android Application for controlling:

This application is designed to be used with a MODIFIED RC car. You have to

replace the car's stock control circuit with a micro controller. This involves programming.
The application allows you to control an Arduino based RC car over Bluetooth. This is done
using a Bluetooth enabled Android phone. The app lets you control the car with either buttons
or the phone's accelerometer. A slider bar allows you to control your car's velocity if the car's
control circuit has this feature. There are also two buttons for front and back lights. A
flashing light lets you know when the phone is connected to the car, and arrows light up
letting you know the car's driving direction.

In the Arduino Bluetooth car, the data sent by the mobile phone to the Bluetooth
module hc-05 which is connected to the Arduino and the Arduino takes decisions according
to the data received via Bluetooth. if you send an instruction for left from your mobile phone
then the Arduino will send the instruction to the motor to move the right. but you have to
connect the mobile device with your Bluetooth RC car. and there is an app that controls the
touch feedback to any instruction.

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 3. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

In the proposed Mishap avoidance framework, the driver is allowed to choose any
mode of driving in given two modes namely Normal mode and Haze mode. We can access
these two types of modes after the circuit is connected as shown in the circuit diagram and we
should install the android app in our mobile to control the car through Bluetooth module.
First the driver will choose any one of the driving modes based on his comfort by using push
button and also the information taken from Humidity sensor DHT 11 which is used to give
alerts to driver to switch to the Haze mode when the outside temperature is too low. There are
two modes in our proposed framework i.e., Normal mode and Haze Mode. The working of
prototype in both of the modes is described below.

Normal Mode:

When the driving mode is in normal, these operations will be performed. HC-05 will
gather the information about driver’s command from his mobile phone and send this
command information to Arduino UNO. Arduino UNO will process that command and it will
give this command to Motor driver based on our code given in Arduino IDE to rotate the 2
DC Motors based on the driver’s command. i.e., if the command is ‘F’, car will move
forward and if it is ‘B’, the car will move backwards and if it is ‘L’, the car will take left turn
and if it is ‘R’, the car will take right turn. If the driver presses ‘S’ then the car stops at that
point. While driving is in normal mode the DHT 11 will watch out for temperature and
humidity and it will transfer that information to Arduino and if the temperature is below our
threshold value which is given in the code then the Arduino will make the LED to turn ON to
notify the driver that there may be a possibility for fog formation. Because, when we are
inside a four-wheeler then we can’t know about the outside temperature whether it is cool or
hot. So here DHT 11 is used to observe outside atmosphere for the purpose of alerting driver.
In other words in normal mode the car is known as Bluetooth controlled car as shown in
below figure.

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 Fig3.1: Bluetooth controlled car block diagram.

Fig3.2: Bluetooth controlled car example diagram.

Haze Mode:

When the driving mode is in Haze mode, these operations will be performed. In this
mode also initially, the car will obey driver’s commands as like in normal mode by seeking
command’s information through HC-05 Bluetooth module. At the same time the ultrasonic
sensor will watch out for obstacles, it will calculate the distance between car and obstacle by
using the time taken by the transmitted wave to hit back on the sensor after it fallen on
obstacle.

Fig 3.3: Distance calculation by ultrasonic sensor.

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And Arduino will activate the Motor Driver when the distance calculated by ultrasonic sensor
reaches the threshold value and when the distance reached threshold value (i.e., when the
obstacle is detected) then the Arduino will send command to motor driver to stop the car
automatically then the motor driver will stop the rotation of DC motors (i.e., car stops). Then
Arduino will give the control back to driver and then also it will restrict the car to go in
forward direction by disabling the forward direction command until the obstacle is avoided.
After the obstacle is detected the Arduino will notify the driver by turning on the LED and
Arduino make that LED to turn on until the obstacle is avoided. So the driver will not confuse
when the car stops suddenly and he will find a way on his own to avoid that obstacle. After
avoiding that obstacle only, the Arduino will enable the Bluetooth module to receive forward
direction command and also it will turn off the LED. Now as usual the car will obey the
commands of driver as like in Normal mode and ultrasonic sensor also continues to watch for
any other obstacles. Here in Haze Mode the ultrasonic sensor and Bluetooth module both will
be in Active mode. And here also LED will be turned ON to notify user that car only
automatically applied brake due to obstacle Infront of car. In this mode car will act as
Bluetooth controlled smart car as shown below.

Fig3.4: Bluetooth controlled smart car.

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 4. RESULS AND DISCUSSION

After connecting circuit and installing “RC Bluetooth controller” android app. We
will get interface as below. Then we can use the controls on that app to move the car in our
desired direction. The interface and directions table are depicted below.

Fig 5.1: Android App interface.

Table 5.1: Directions Table.

Touched button in the Output of rear side motor

Bluetooth controller app. to move forward or Car direction
reverse direction.
Direction Motor 1 Motor 2
Stop 0 0 Stop
Forward 1 1 Forward
Backward -1 -1 Backward
Left -1 1 Left

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Right 1 -1 Right

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 Fig 5.2: Prototype Images.

5.1 Advantages and Assumptions.

Advantages of automatic braking system in car

 It allows the driver to maintain directional stability and control over steering during
baking.
 Safe and effective.
 Automatically changes the brake fluid pressure at each wheel to maintain optimum
break performance
 Abs absorbs unwanted turbulence shockwave and modulate the pulse thus permitting
the wheel to continue turning under maximum braking pressure.

Assumptions:

 When the mode is shifted to Haze mode the driver need to slow down the speed of the
car to avoid sudden mishaps. i.e., he should go in speed of 30-40KMPH.
 After the obstacle is detected and car is stopped automatically the driver needs to find
the path in which there is no obstacle on his own.

5.2 Applications.

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An automatic braking system is an important part of safety technology for automobiles. There
are some applications for the proposed framework as below.

 These system combines sensors such as a rider, video, infrared or ultrasonic to scan
for possible objects in front of the vehicle and the and then use brake control to
prevent collision if the object is in fact detected.
 We can use this at the night time also two avoid mishaps, as sometimes in night time
we can’t see the road in front of our vehicle.
 It is used in wheel chairs of paralysed people to stop the wheel chair when the
obstacle is there in front of wheel chair. It will happen in rare cases where the
paralysed have to move on their own.

6.CONCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPE

In our protocol we have designed a frame work, which utilizes haze detection
technique for detecting haze, Arduino UNO is the heart of the framework as it controls and
give commands to all other interfaced components like motor driver, Ultrasonic sensor and
Bluetooth Module. This framework can detect obstacles and stop the car before car is nearing
to that obstacle, there by greatly reducing the chance of mishap occurrence. We can use this
technique vastly in highways where there will be lot of vehicles travelling in the early
morning and have more probability of mishaps. Now-a-days the IoT is becoming a very
important aspect in our lives, by using that technology we can solve many existing problems
like Industrial problems, Home automation etc. Proposed model is just one example of
solving existing problem by using IoT i.e., by connecting things via internet. But we can do
many wonders with IoT, it gives us the opportunity to work with different platforms and it
helps us to create various interesting modules to work on. In our future work, we want to
make this prototype to take automatic diversion when it come across any obstacles by
notifying driver and also, we will use actuators to remove fog on car screen which will give
some clear view of road to driver.

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