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Presented By:
Group 2 Riz Wednesday,
23/03/2022

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Antonio Morga's
Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas
Presentation
Agenda
01 Dr. Antonio De Morga

and his Sucesos
02 The Preface

03 Rizal's Arguments of

Morga's Sucesos

To foretell the destiny of a nation, it is

necessary to open the books that tell of

her past José Protasio Rizal

Mercado y Alonso

Realonda
Dr. Antonio de Morga

and his Sucesos

Antonio de Morga (1559-1636) was a
Spanish conquistador, a lawyer and a
government official for 43 years in the
Philippines (1594-1604), New Spain and
Peru.
He reinstated the Audiencia as a Deputy
Governer in the country.

He was also in command of the Spanish

ships in a 1600 naval battle against Dutch
corsairs
Dr. Antonio de Morga

and his Sucesos

He was also in command of the Spanish
ships in a 1600 naval battle against Dutch
corsairs

He was also a historian. He authored the

book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas
(Events in the Philippine Islands) in 1609
after being reassigned to Mexico.

This book narrates observations about

the Filipinos and the Philippines from the
perspective of the Spaniards.
SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS

The Dutch sailed away, but the

Spaniards were defeated decisively,

and Morga was discovered hiding

and wailing in his flagship before it

fell.

Morga was transferred to Mexico in

1603 (July 10).

Rizal was greatly impressed by

Morga's work

Rizal began his work In London and

completed it in paris.
If the book succeeds to awaken your
conciousness of our past, already effaced from
your memory, and to rectify what has been
falsified and slandered, then I have not worked
in vain, and with this as a basis, however small it
may be, we shall be able to study the future.
They prefer to eat salt fish which begin to
decompose and smell.

This is another preoccupation of the Spaniards

who, like any other nation in that matter of
food, loathe that to which they are not
accustomed or is unknown to them...
 THE PREFACE
"To the Filipinos: In Noli Me Tangere (The Social Cancer) I started to sketch the present state of our
native land. but the effect which my effort produced made me realize that, before attempting to unroll
before your eyes the other pictures which were to follow, it was necessary first to post you on the past. So
only you can fairly judge the present and estimate how much progress has been made during the three
centuries (of Spanish rule).

Like almost all of you, I was born and brought up in ignorance of our country's past and so, without
knowledge or authority to speak of what I neither saw nor have studied, I deem it necessary to quote the
testimony of an illustrious Spaniard who in the beginning of the new era controlled the destinies of the
Philippines and had personal knowledge of our ancient nationality in its last days.

It is then the shade of our ancestor's civilization which the author will call before you. If the work
serves to awaken in you a consciousness of our past, and to blot from your memory or to rectify
what has been falsified or is calumny, then I shall not have labored in vain. With this
preparation, slight though it may be, we can all pass to the study of the future."
notable annotations
The English Translation of some of the more Important annotations
of the Sucesos was done by an early biographer of Rizal, Austin Craig
(1872-1949).

Governor Antonio de Morga was also the first to publish a Philippine

History.

Father Chirino's work that was printed at Rome 1604 was a chronicle of
the Missions in the Philippines.
 THE PREFACE:
Great Kingdoms were discovered and conquered in the remote and unknown parts of
the world by Spanish ships.
The Conversion by the Spaniards was not as general as the historians claim. They only
succeeded in converting a part of the people in the Philippines.
Islands that are early held by Spaniards and lost are non-Christian-Formosa, Borneo and
the Moluccas.
Civilization of the Pre-Spanish Filipinos in regard to the duties of life for that age was well
advanced, as well as the Morga history shows in its Eighth Chapter.
Islands came under Spanish sovereignity and control through compacts, treaties of
frinedship and alliances for reciprocity.
Magellan lost his life on Mactan and the soldiers of legaspi fought under the banner of King
Tupas of Cebu.
 "Of the government of
Gomez Perez Dasmariñas"
Governor General Gomez
Perez Dasmarinas’
administration
submission of the Manila Audiencia;
implementing a paid garrison;
walling of the city
the construction of a cavalier;
enhance commerce between China and
the rest of the world;
pacification of Zambales and the
Pintados province
and the construction of artillery in
Manila
Don Luis Perez Dasmarinas

Luis Perez Dasmarinas was

appointed and assumed the
post.
Estevan Rodriguez de Figueroa
agrees to subdue Mindanao but
upon reaching the island he was
ambushed and killed

It was Ubal.
The preface
Magellan inaugurated his arrival by burning
houses, crafts and people, Because his boat
was stolen.

The Spanish and Portuguese employ

religious propaganda to justify missionary
activity for political reasons.

The King of Spain negotiated a pact in which

they would win the Japanese by preaching
Christianity and forcing them to join the
Spanish party.

rAID OF DATU SALI AND

SILONGA OF MINDANAO
First act of piracy by the inhabitants of the
South which is recorded in Philippine
history.
The Spanish government was unable to
defend the people it had disarmed and left
unprotected.

The Spaniards claim that the

Filipinos have made no
contribution to their motherland,
Spain.

Morga's thoughts on Governor

Pedro de Acunia's ambitious
expedition against the Moros still
apply to the same situations that
exist today.

 THE PREFACE Last part

Hernando de los Rios blames these Moluccan wars for the fact that at first the Philippines were a source of
expense to Spain instead of profitable in spite of the tremendous sacrifices of the Filipinos, their practically
gratuitous labor in building and equipping the galleons, and despite, too, the tribute, tariffs and other
imposts and monopolies.
Among the Filipinos who aided the government when the Manila Chinese revolted, Argensola says there
were 4,000 Pampangans "armed after the way of their land, with bows and arrows, short lances, shields,
and broad and long daggers." Some Spanish writers say that the Japanese volunteers and the Filipinos
showed themselves cruel in slaughtering the Chinese refugees.
The loss of two Mexican galleons in 1603 called forth no comment from the
religious chroniclers who were accustomed to see the avenging hand of God in the misfortunes and
accidents of their enemies.
 Don Guillermo Palaot, Maestro de Campo, and Captains Francisco Palaot, Juan Lit, Luis Lont, and
Agustin Lont. They had with them 400 Tagalogs and Pampangans.
The Cebuanos drew a pattern on the skin before starting in to tattoo. The Bisayan usage then was the
same procedure that the Japanese today follow.
Ancient traditions ascribe the origin of the Malay Filipinos to the island of Sumatra. These traditions
were almost completely lost.
-Native Woman
Morga's remark that the Filipinos like fish better when it is commencing to turn bad is another of those
prejudices which Spaniards like all other nations, have. In matters of food, each is nauseated with
what he is unaccustomed to or doesn't know is eatable
The Filipinos' favorite fish dish is the bagoong and whoever has tried to eat it knows that it is not
considered improved when tainted. It neither is, nor ought to be, decayed.
Colin says the ancient Filipinos had minstrels who had memorized songs telling their genealogies and
of the deeds ascribed to their deities.
The cannon foundry mentioned by Morga as in the walled city was probably on the site of the Tagalog
one which was destroyed by fire on the first coming of the Spaniard. 1584-1805
 According to Gaspar San Agustin, the cannon which the pre-Spanish Filipinos cast were "as great as
those of Malaga,"
Malate, better Maalat, was where the Tagalog aristocracy lived after they were dispossessed by the
Spaniards of their old homes in what is now the walled city of Manila. Among the Malate residents
were the families of Raja Matanda and Raja Soliman. The men had various positions in Manila and
some were employed in government work near by. "They were very courteous and well-mannered,"
says San Agustin. "The women were very expert in lacemaking, so much so that they were not at all
behind the women of Flanders."
Morga's statement that there was not a province or town of the Filipinos that resisted conversion or
did not want it may have been true of the civilized natives. But the contrary was the fact among the
mountain tribes.
An example of this method of conversion given by the same writer was a trip to the mountains by two
Friars who had a numerous escort of Pampangans. The escort's leader was Don Agustin Sonson who
had a reputation for daring and carried fire and sword into the country, killing many, including the
chief, Kabadi.
The Spaniards, says Morga, were accustomed to hold as slaves such natives as they bought and others
that they took in the forays in the conquest or pacification of the islands.”
Consequently, in this respect, the “pacifiers” introduced no moral improvement. We even do not
know, if in their wars the Filipinos used to make slaves of each other, though that would not have been
strange, for the chroniclers tell of captives returned to their own people. The practice of the southern
pirates almost proves this, although in these piratical wars the Spaniards were the first aggressors and
gave them their character.
Rizal’s Arguments of
Morga’s Sucesos
Three main propositions were emphasized
in Rizal’s New Edition of Morga’s Sucesos:

1) The people of the Philippines had a culture on

their own, even before the coming of the Spaniards;

2) Filipinos were decimated, demoralized, exploited,

and ruined by the Spanish colonization; and

3) The present state of the Philippines was not

necessarily superior to its past.
“The Philippines was depopulated, impoverished and retarded, astounded by
metaphor sis, with no confidence in her past, still without faith in her present
and without faltering hope in the future.

...little by little, they (Filipinos) lost their old traditions, the mementoes of
their past; they gave up their writing, their songs, their poems, their laws, in
order to learn other doctrines which they did not understand, another
morality, another aesthetics, different from those inspired by their climate
and their manner of thinking. They declined, degrading themselves in their
own eyes, they become ashamed of what was their own; they began to admire
and praise whatever was foreign and incomprehensible, their spirit was
damaged and it surrendered.”
Thank You
Group 2
Group 2
Manuel Carlo Cabailo
Jose Louis Perry Cacha
Raein Gabrielle Caguiat
Marian Calderon
Andrea Faye Candelario
Christian Dominic Celorico
Benedict Ace De Guzman
Aldrin Louise Emmanuel De Villa
Princess Katherine Digno