MANIPULATING SIMPLE

MACHINES
Screw, Wheel and Axle, Pulley
for Science Grade 6
Quarter 3/Week 8

SELF-LEARNING KIT 1 NegOr_Q3_Science6_SLKWeek8_v2

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 FOREWORD

This Self Learning kit will allow you to experience the boundless
and bottomless power and importance of the fields of science
and technology. The activities and discussions herein will help you
improve the different science process skills that you possess, which
will further equip you with the ability to seek answers to the mysteries
and phenomena that occur within and around you.

Enjoy then and let us explore the endless frontiers of Science.

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LEARNING COMPETENCY

Manipulate simple machines to describe their

characteristics and uses(MELC S6FE-IIIg-i-3)

OBJECTIVES:
Knowledge: Identify different examples of simple machines
Skill: Manipulate simple machines to describe their
characteristics and uses.
Attitude: Observe and practice precautionary measures in
handling simple machines.

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I. WHAT HAPPENED

Can wheels make job easier? Let us find out more about
the different kinds of simple machines and how it makes our
work a lot easier with the least amount of effort.

Pretest
Matching Type: Match the different kinds of simple machine
with its corresponding description in column B. Write only the
letter of the correct answers in your notebook.

A B
1. A screw A. is an inclined plane wrapped
around a pole.
2. A wheel and axle B. is a wheel with an axle around its
center to moveloads.
3. A pulley C. is a wheel with a groove for a
rope that is used lifting.

II. WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

Activity 1:
Can you name it? Name the tools used to make work
easier.

1. It is used to help lift heavy

objects with less force. It is also
used to hoist a flag up to the
top of a tall flagpole.

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2. It helps porter transfer heavy
loads. It reduces the friction
involved in moving an object,
making, the object easier to
transport. It is made up of
wheel and axle.

3. It is used to hold the bottle

cover. It makes it easy to
open and close the cap
securely to the bottle.

You guessed it right! It is a pulley, a sack trolley, and

a bottle screw. All these tools or devices are simple machines
that make work easier. You may not think of scissors, pliers,
nails, and fork as machines, but they are. Anything that helps
you do work with less effort is a machine.

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 What would life be without machines? How do you think our
mothers would have prepared our food if not for knives or
peelers? Will doctors be able to perform surgery using their bare
hands? Will travelling be possible without machines?
The Kinds of Simple Machines

pinterest.com

Simple machines are any of several devices with few or no

moving parts that are used to modify motion and the magnitude of a
force in order to perform work. They are the simplest mechanisms
known that can use leverage (or mechanical advantage) to increase
force. The simple machines are the inclined plane, lever, wedge, wheel
and axle, pulley, and screw.
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 1. Screw

A screw is a spiral inclined plane. It is

composed of a cylindrical body with a
spiral ridge called thread. The threads
surround the cylinder from tip to the head.
A screw increases the force but at a longer
distance. It uses friction. For metal screw
driven into wood, there is a lot of friction
between the wood and the metal thread.
A screw with a steeper thread can be
embedded deeply into a surface with
fewer turns. A screw with less steep threads
requires a lot of more turns to be driven into
a surface. Screws, bolt, jar lid, clamp, car jack, a light bulb, faucets,
bottle caps and ball point pens are some examples of screws.
Examples of Screws

https://in.pinterest.com/joshi3313/examples-of-screw/

2. Pulley

A pulley is a grooved wheel that turn

around an axle which is held in place by a
mounting bracket. A rope or wire moves along
the wheel’s circumference. It is used to pull up
objects. Like a lever, a pulley has three points of https://in.pinterest.co
interest: the fulcrum, the point of effort at one of
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 the ropes, and the resistance or load to be lifted.

Three kinds of Pulleys

https://depositphotos.com/vector-images/pulley-system.html

Fixed Pulley Movable Pulley Compound Pulley

A fixed pulley has the axle fixed on a surface and therefore does not
move. Its fulcrum is at the center of the axle with load and effort on
either side. It does not increase the magnitude, speed, or distance of
the force. Fixed pulleys are used in flagpoles and clotheslines.

1. A movable pulley moves along the rope or wire. The fulcrum

is at the edge of the wheel with the load at the middle of the
axle and the effort at one end of the rope. It increases the
magnitude of the force but decreases its distance.
2. A compound pulley is made up of a combination of two or
more fixed and movable pulleys. In a compound pulley, the
fixed pulleys change the direction of the force while the
movable ones lessen the effort need to lift the force.
Compound pulleys are used in ships and billboards.

3. Wheel and Axle

The wheel and axle is a machine that has a small disk or

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 shaft called an axle that is attached to a wheel. The wheel may
be a complete wheel or a crank that turns like a wheel. When an
axle turns, the wheel also turns. The center of the axle is the
fulcrum, the radius of the wheel is the point of effort, and the
radius of the axis is the resistance. A wheel and axle can change
the direction of the force. It is more effective if there is a greater
difference between the wheel and the axle.
Examples of the wheel and the axle with complete wheels
are steering wheels, doorknobs, potter’s wheel, and vehicle
wheels.

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/179369997633053366/

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/179369997633053366/

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 III. What I Have Learned

A. Identification: Identify the simple machines.Write your answer

in your notebook. Choose your answer from the list below.

SCREW WHEEL AND AXLE PULLEY

1.

2.

3.
https://sciencestruck.com/simple-machines-for-kids

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B. Identification: Identify the types of simple machines described.
Choose from the list inside the box. Write your answers in your
notebook.

Screw pulley wheel and axle

1. The cap on this water bottle has a spiral

shape. When you place it on the bottle and
twist, the cap pulls itself toward the bottle.
The bottle cap is an example of which
simple machine?

2. When you turn the large knob on a door, a

rod on the inside releases the latch that holds
the door closed. It would be difficult to turn
the rod if the knob wasn't attached to it. The
doorknob and rod make up which simple
machine?

3. A wheel with a rope is used to hoist a flag up

to the top of a tall flagpole. This simple
machine can also be used to help lift heavy
objects with less force. The wheel and rope
make up which simple machine?

https://sciencestruck.com/simple-machines-for-kids

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References:

CyberScience6. Revised Edition,Rex Bookstore-Worksheetin

Science 6 copyright2018.

https://sciencestruck.com/simple-machines-for-kids.

https://www.generationgenius.com/simple-machines-reading-
material/

Sarte, Evelyn T Science Beyond Borders Philippines Vibal

Incorporated.

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 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF NEGROS ORIENTAL

SENEN PRISCILLO P. PAULIN, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent

JOELYZA M. ARCILLA EdD

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

MARCELO K. PALISPIS EdD JD

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

NILITA L. RAGAY EdD

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent/CID Chief

ROSELA R. ABIERA
Education Program Supervisor – (LRMS)

ARNOLD R. JUNGCO
PSDS – Division Science Coordinator

MARICEL S. RASID
Librarian II (LRMDS)

ELMAR L. CABRERA
PDO II (LRMDS)

REDEMPTO S. CHUA
Writer

JANE C. RIVERA/CRISTITA R. TINGUBAN PhD EM

Lay-out Artist
___________________________________________________________
ALPA QA TEAM

MERCY R. DAGOY
MARIA ELVIE SIENES
CRISTITA R. TINGUBAN, PhD

BETA QA TEAM
MAXIMA T. BALANSAG EdD
DORIN FAYE D. CADAYDAY
MERCY G. DAGOY
MARY JANE E. ELMA
MONA LISA P. ONGCO
MARIA ELVIE E. SIENES
JIMUEL SUN, EdD
CRISTITA R. TINGUBAN, PhD EM

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 SYNOPSIS
This new Science Self Learning Kit
for Grade 6 will serve as a guide to the
young learners in their continuous
endeavors to learning Science amidst
this pandemic crisis. Further, this will
contribute them with new ideas to
enhance their knowledge concerning
various scientific facts and concepts
through systematized observations,
experimentations or explorations,
challenging activities, and engaging
lessons.
The author has high hopes and
anticipations that this learning kit will
pave the way to the progress of the
learners’ expertise, experiences, and
views towards the learning area, which
will surely serve a vital role in improving
themselves and the society as a whole.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Writer/Illustrator/Lay-out Artist:

REDEMTO S. CHUA

• Grade-5 Science Teacher at Amlan Central

Elementary School, Amlan District.
• Studied BEED major in General Science at Negros
Oriental State University.
• Studied MAEM at Colegio de Santa Rita de San
Carlos, Inc.

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