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5 The diagram shows a blast furnace.
waste gases
\
—— raw materials:
coke, C
iron ore, Fe,O,
limestone, Caco,
ee
=—+y
— =
(a) The following equations represent reactions which take place in the blast furnace.
A C+0,> C0,
CaCO, -» Cad + CO,
CaO + SiO, ~ Casio,
co, + C + 2co
Fe,0, + 3CO + 2Fe + 3CO,
mooo
(i) Which reaction is used to increase the temperature inside the blast furnace?
Which reaction is an example of thermal decomposition?
{ili) In which reaction is carbon both oxidised and reduced?
{iv) Which equation shows the removal of an impurity from the iron?
(v)_ Which equation shows the reaction of an acidic substance with a basic substance?
(b) Use the diagram of the blast furnace to help you answer these questions.
(i) What enters the blast furnace at X?
(ii) What leaves the blast furnace at Y?
PhysicsAndMaths Tutor.com
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(1)
(1)
(1)
[1]
[1] 1 Iron is extracted from the ore hematite in the Blast Furnace.
waste gases
an
coke, ©
iron ore, Fe,O,
limestone, Caco,
firebrick lining —
CO forms
CO, forms,
air
slag —
motten iron.
(a) The coke reacts with the oxygen in the air to form carbon dioxide
c +0, > CO,
(i) Explain why carbon monoxide is formed higher in the Blast Fumace.
(2)
‘Write an equation for the reduction of hematite, Fe,O,, by carbon monoxide.
(2)
(b) _Limestone decomposes to form two products, one of which is calcium oxide.
Name the other product.
(1)
(li) Calcium oxide reacts with silicon(IV) oxide, an acidic impurity in the iron ore, to form slag,
‘Write an equation for this reaction.
(2)
Explain why the molten iron and the molten slag form two layers and why molten iron is
the lower layer.
(2)
(iv) Suggest why the molten iron does not react with the air.
(1)
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com 4
Iron is extracted from its ore, hematite, in the blast fumace.
waste gases
—raw materials
coke, C
iron ore, Fe,O,
firebrick lining~ limestone, Caco,
air —=
slag—
molten iron
Describe the reactions involved in this extraction. Include in your description an equation for
a redox reaction and one for an acid /base reaction.
(5)
(Total: 5)
PhysicsAndMaths Tutor.com
