Contribution Of

Naram Dal in the

freedom movement

Student Supervisor

Pranshi Chouhan Maneesha bhadauriya

of B.Ed. Semester IV of B.Ed. department
(NKM, LKO) (NKM, LKO)
 INTRODUCTION
Before independence in India, Congress was the
main party or main organization which participated
in the political activities of India. But as you know
that in every organization there are people with two
types of thinking. Like him, in this organization also
people with different kind of thinking came out.
Because some people wanted to rule India by
compromise, while some people did not accept any
kind of agreement.

Partition of Congress as Moderate Party

and Extremist Party (1905) (Division of
Congress)
First those who wanted to form the government
peacefully by talking to the British or with the help
of the British government, secondly those who
wanted to form their government purely free from
the British. Due to this the Congress was divided
into two parts, because some people wanted freedom
from peaceful demonstration or movement and some
people wanted to drive the British out of India,
which was not easy.
After the partition of Bengal, there were clear
opposition of this party along with the people of
Congress’s moderate party. The Swadeshi
movement started in 1905 as a result of the partition
of Bengal in which British goods were boycotted
and indigenous production was encouraged. The
extremists wanted to implement the Swadeshi
movement in the whole country, while the moderates
only wanted it to be implemented in Bengal. The
differences kept increasing and in the Surat session
of the Congress in 1907, the Congress was divided
into ‘Naram Dal’ and ‘Garam Dal’. That’s why one
part was called soft party and the other part was
called hot party. In which the main leader of the
Garam Dal was Bal Gangadhar Tilak. While the
leader of the moderate party was Motilal Nehru.
Along with the contribution of the soft party and the
contribution of the extremist party in freedom, there
has been a contribution of the people as well.
Without whose contribution the background of
independence could not have been prepared. The
Lucknow session of the Congress was held in
Lucknow in 1916. A resolution for ‘Swarajya Aapti’
was also passed in the Lucknow session. The
Congress also accepted the demand for communal
representation being made by the ‘Muslim League’.

What is Garam Dal?

The people of Garam Dal wanted freedom at any
cost and wanted complete freedom. Because he did
not accept the intervention of the British at all. The
extremists believed that slavery is many times better
than such a government! If we form a government
with the British, then it will be a betrayal of India
again. The moderates were against Vande Mataram
because according to them the song instilled the
feeling of patriotism in the minds of Indians. But
people were crazy about Vande Mataram. In many
meetings it was a situation where Vande Mataram
song was sung throughout the night. This is the same
Vande Mataram song which once inspired many
revolutionaries like Shaheed Bhagat Singh, Ashfaq
Ullah Khan, Kshudi Ram Bose, Ram Prasad Bismil,
Subhash Chandra Bose, Chandrashekhar Azad etc.
to die for the nation. While singing the song,
millions of people hanged themselves on the
gallows. Of which only a few have been able to find
a place in history in its pages.
The people of the extremist party did not like the
British at all, the leaders of this party believed that
swaraj is our birthright and we will continue to
achieve it, no matter what we have to do for it, we
will destroy the chain of slavery.
Garam Dal leader Gangadhar Tilak said that if we
form the government with the British, then we will
again cheat our country India and the people of
India. The leaders of the Garam Dal always used to
chant Vande Mataram because the British did not
like this slogan.

What is Naram Dal?

The leaders of the Moderate Party who supported the
British, because the British did the work of bringing
modern technology along with loot in India, in
which the work of railways etc. is prominent. The
main purpose of bringing technology to the British
was to load the looted goods in big trains and take
them from one corner of India to another. Here,
when the moderates saw that the popularity of
Vande Mataram was increasing, the British put
pressure on them to stop all this. Because of this, the
feeling of revolution (Khilafat or opposition) was
being created in the public towards the British.
Because if support is needed then the words of the
British have to be obeyed. So some leaders of the
soft party spread a rumor that “Vande Mataram
Muslims should not sing because it has idolatry! (or
is the worship of the country) “
The people of the Moderate Party knew that "Vande
Mataram is in Sanskrit” which most of India does
not understand, and they started presenting the
meaning by taking parts of Vande Mataram and
twisting it. He made this debate as if Vande
Mataram was not a patriotic song but a religious
anthem! This matter gained so much momentum that
Muslim people saw a threat to Islam and felt that
there should be an organization of its own. And with
the help of the Moderate Party, the Muslim League
was established in India in 1906. That is, you can
understand who sowed the seeds of things that never
came to the mind of Muslim brothers.
And later this Muslim League demanded a separate
land for the Muslims living in India, because they
wanted to live according to Islamic law. The name
of that place was named Pakistan, that is, the place
which is Pak or is holy. Which the leaders of the soft
party later broke into pieces of India, in which one
piece is Bangladesh and the other piece is today
Pakistan.
The Moderate Party slowly wanted to achieve the
goal of self-government by coordinating with the
colonial rule, under which the Moderate Party
(Indian National Congress) assisted Britain in World
War II only on the condition that British rule would
give us the opportunity of self-government.
The Left leaders, who were with the moderate party,
even called the extremist leaders, that is, the
extremists. The leaders of the Moderate Party, the
Left and the British Government were on the one
hand, and the revolutionary, nationalist leaders of
the Extremist Party on the other.
Along with the Muslim leftist leader Jogendra Nath
Mandal, the then so called Dalit leader went to
Pakistan with crores of Dalits as he had supported
them in breaking the country. As a reward, he was
also made the Law and Labor Minister of Pakistan.
But later he was evicted from there after calling him
a traitor. But because of them, crores of Dalits were
massacred. Who were once Indians. Even today,
they are provoked as before by calling them native.
 Contribution
of Naram dal
in the freedom
movement

The Moderate Party has led India’s freedom

struggle, in which the most important person apart
from Gandhiji has been his political mentor Gopal
Krishna Gokhale.
1. Separation of Thoughts: The garam dal
paralleled the mainstream with different efforts at
different times, which had a strong impact only
during the time of Lokmanya Tilak. Tilak and
Gokhale, being strong admirers of each other,
differed in opinion.

Gopal Krishna Gokhale & Baal Gangadhar Tilak

Later Lokmanya Tilak also started leaning towards
the ideas of the moderate party, so after that the hot
party became a disorganized provocation, divided
into fragments rather than a visionary and organized
movement.
Later it was absorbed into the revolutionary party of
Bhagat Singh which culminated in a failed rebellion.
2. Poster making by association: Secondly the
Swayamsevak Sangh adopted none of the ideology
of the extremist party, capitalizing on their name and
the excitement that emanated from it. Conceptually,
the views of Savarkar, Hedgewar and Golwalkar
were shared by both the moderates and the hot dalits.
Quite the opposite of what I had imagined.
3. World War Myth: The soft party doctrine gave
India a leader like Gandhi, who finally found the
vision of tying India into one thread that Gokhale
had dreamed of. To understand it, first let’s solve a
myth that the economic devastation of the world war
inspired Indian independence.
Think- There was a fight between two landlords.
One lost and died, the other won but became poor.
Troubled by poverty, he gave up bonded labour and
millions of acres of fertile land?
There is such a joke that in economic weakness,
Britain left colonialism and liberated India. It would
have been more believable than this childish thing if
someone had said that Churchill had a change of
heart.
4. First Independence Day: The decision to make
India independent was taken by Indians not by
Britain. This happened on 26 January 1930 when
Indian society united and declared itself
independent.
The script of India’s independence was written on
the same day. Because after that day there is nothing
left like any party or separation. Gandhiji’s
leadership was a united India, and while increasing
non-cooperation with the British, along with closing
the avenues of their profit, the breath of the British
Raj was being choked.
5. Soft-hot parties and a fragmented India (1907):
There was a separation between the hot and soft
parties in the Congress. The reason was that the
Congress leadership criticized the policy of
progressively reaching independence by the Garam
Dal (Lal-Bal-Pal).
The Garam Dal was talking about demanding
independence by holding the collar of the British,
whereas India was not a nation at that time but a
bunch of jagirs of many princely states in which
there were thousands of feudatories and lakhs of
workers.
At that time, Shri Gopal Krishna Gokhale,
influenced by John Stuart Mill, stood for the cultural
integration of India. Before him, the Congress, as a
social institution on the path of Dadabhai Naoroji,
considered Indian social development as its
objective and not the end of the British Raj.

6. Gokhale (1907 to 1915) Self-reliance before

independence: Under Gokhale’s leadership, social
and cultural integration of India became a
fundamental priority of the Congress, for which
independence from the British was a prime
objective. But the movement was weakened due to
the setback given to him by the dissolution of the
Congress.
Gokhale knew that he was an intellectual person and
a mass movement needed a leader of the people
attached to the soul of India.
Staying behind the curtain from 1907 to 1915,
Gokhale calmly waited for the Congress to regain
the leadership of Indianness and hand over its legacy
to some strong hands.
Meanwhile, some important news from Africa was
continuously coming to India.
7. Indian Hero of Africa (1905-15): In Africa,
Gandhi had once been a soldier in the fight to
suppress the black rebellion with the British.
They had by now understood the English game of
this oppression in comparison to those who glorified
the war in words, and developed a deep sympathy
for the innocent black class.
He saw the ugly oppressive look behind the fake just
face of the British Raj and fell into the thought that –
How black people without weapons and planning,
knowing the definite failure of any method other
than accepting slavery for centuries, kept on
sacrificing their youth generation after generation in
small protests here and there, but the British Raj The
hair was not even frizzy.
The condition of Indians was better than the black
class in Africa. Gandhiji, who once considered
Indians as a better and respectable race than the
black class, was now able to see that behind this
there was no high attitude of the British towards the
Indian class, but the attachment of Indians to their
society and culture. There was indivisibility arising
out of.
He asked the Indians that with this self-respect
towards your culture and society, how do you
tolerate the treatment of slaves by the British?
From here Gandhi did the first experiment and
understood that when a class stands with a high head
in front of the tyrant by joining the glue of self-
respect, then the terror arises in the terrorist which
the black class has never been able to do in the
history of centuries.
The experiment was successful and Gandhi
succeeded in getting the Indians some of their
entitlements. With this he was made a hero and his
fame reached India.
 Experienced Gokhale and a novice Gandhi
In the meantime, Gokhale reached Africa to meet
him and there he found a young man, enamored with
his theory, who had never led the people and who
did not get tired of talking about his own work and
principles.
Gokhale tried to divert his attention from his
slightest movement to the vastness of India and the
cultural and social form of the British Raj, which did
not win over Indians by force like the black class,
but fear, insecurities and inferiority complexes in the
soul of Indians. He used to rule by taking out the
poison.
Gandhi felt that simply by pleading for the name of
culture, India would be united and a few days’
movement would put an end to the British rule.
Gokhale came back after inviting him to come to
India. Gokhale passed away shortly after Gandhi
came to India. But by then he had got Gandhi
interviewed with the soul of India.
The Congress, which was moderate, adopted
Gandhiji’s idea that in order to get freedom, it is
necessary for the people of India to be bound in a
unified national spirit.
Before Gandhiji, this ideology was represented by
Gopal Krishna Gokhale, whom Gandhiji considered
his political guru.
8. Indian Cultural Integration (1916 – 1930):
Beginning in 1916, Gandhiji and his team, which
included Pandit Nehru, Sardar Patel, Acharya
Kripalani and Maulana Azad, were engaged in the
integration of India and when in 1929 they felt that
the time was coming.
On 26 January 1930, India gave itself ‘complete
independence’ under the leadership of Bapu.
It was that Independence Day of India, on which
India recognized its soul and threw the acceptance of
any authority other than Indianness on itself.
 Conclusion
By the 1850s, Indians from all walks of life were
beginning to realize their loss of identity and wanted
to end the British rule. In the 1870s and 1880s the
dissatisfaction was intensified with new laws
imposed by the British. The Arms Act of 1878 was
passed that stopped Indians from owning arms. This
was followed by the Vernacular Press Act, which
allowed the British to confiscate the assets of any
newspaper that wrote against them. The final straw
came when the British opposed the Ilbert Bill, which
allowed Europeans to be tried by Indians in court.
This led to the setting up of organizations like the
Indian National Congress, the Indian Association,
the Bombay Presidency Association and the Poona
Sarvajanik Sabha. The Indian National Congress
was formed in December 1885. The Congress, in its
initial years, adopted a moderate outlook in its
demands. It demanded more Indians in high
positions in the government, the abolishment of the
Arms Act, the separation of the executive from the
judiciary, and the freedom of speech and expression
for the Indians.
 References
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freedom-struggle-discuss-250-words/
https://hi.quora.com