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4.2 Lecture Notes - Uniaxial Stress-Strain Relations

The document discusses uniaxial plasticity based on experimental observations. It outlines assumptions of plasticity theory, including continuity, homogeneity, isotropy, and incompressibility in the plastic regime. It also describes idealized small and large plastic strain models as well as empirical models that can mathematically describe the entire stress-strain response, such as the Ludwik and Voce models for large plastic strains and the Ramberg-Osgood and Modified Ludwik models for elasto-plastic materials.

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25 views8 pages

4.2 Lecture Notes - Uniaxial Stress-Strain Relations

The document discusses uniaxial plasticity based on experimental observations. It outlines assumptions of plasticity theory, including continuity, homogeneity, isotropy, and incompressibility in the plastic regime. It also describes idealized small and large plastic strain models as well as empirical models that can mathematically describe the entire stress-strain response, such as the Ludwik and Voce models for large plastic strains and the Ramberg-Osgood and Modified Ludwik models for elasto-plastic materials.

Uploaded by

Song Yi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Uniaxial plasticity

Uniaxial plasticity: observations from experiments

Dr. Federico Bosi

Elasticity and Plasticity - MECH0026


Mechanical Engineering

University College London Elasticity and Plasticity - MECH0026 1/ 8


Uniaxial plasticity Idealised and empirical stress-strain relations

Assumptions of Plasticity Theory

1 Continuity
2 Homogeneity
3 Isotropy
4 The material is incompressible in the plastic regime
5 The response is independent of rate effects

6 Yield stress ‡y is independent of hydrostatic pressure

University College London Elasticity and Plasticity - MECH0026 2/ 8


Uniaxial plasticity Idealised and empirical stress-strain relations

Idealised Models

Question
How can we mathematically describe the entire stress-strain response?

Large plastic strain models

Small plastic strain models


University College London Elasticity and Plasticity - MECH0026 3/ 8
Uniaxial plasticity Idealised and empirical stress-strain relations

Idealised model for stainless steel from experiment

Uniaxial tensile test on stainless steel with Digital Image Correlation, performed in the Stractures Lab

University College London Elasticity and Plasticity - MECH0026 4/ 8


Uniaxial plasticity Idealised and empirical stress-strain relations

Empirical models for large plastic strains

Rigid-Plastic materials (Áe π Áp and Á ¥ Áp )

Ludwik: ‡ = C Án

C: asymptotic strength coefficient


n: strain hardening coefficient

How can we write the Considére criterion?

University College London Elasticity and Plasticity - MECH0026 5/ 8


Uniaxial plasticity Idealised and empirical stress-strain relations

Empirical models for large plastic strains

Rigid-Plastic materials (Áe π Áp and Á ¥ Áp )

Voce: ‡ = C (1 ≠ m e≠nÁ )

C: asymptotic strength coefficient


m: proportional to initial rate of hardening (at Á ¥ 0)
n: rapidity of approaching asymptotical stress

University College London Elasticity and Plasticity - MECH0026 6/ 8


Uniaxial plasticity Idealised and empirical stress-strain relations

Empirical models for large plastic strains

Elasto-Plastic materials (Áe ¥ Áp and Á = Áe + Áp )


3 4m≠1
‡ ‡ ‡
Ramberg and Osgood: Á = + –
E E
¸˚˙˝ ¸ ‡y
e
˚˙ ˝
Á Áp

‡y : yield stress
m: hardening coefficient

University College London Elasticity and Plasticity - MECH0026 7/ 8


Uniaxial plasticity Idealised and empirical stress-strain relations

Empirical models for large plastic strains

Elasto-Plastic materials (Áe ¥ Áp and Á = Áe + Áp )

Modified Ludwik:
Y ‡y
_
] EÁ for Á Æ
3 4n E
‡= EÁ ‡y
_ ‡
[ y for Á>
‡y E
‡y : yield stress
n: hardening coefficient

3 4
EÁ
Prager: ‡ = ‡y tanh
‡y

A lot of other models are available to incorporate the effects of strain rate, viscoelasticity,
viscoplasticity, anisotropic behaviour, etc.

University College London Elasticity and Plasticity - MECH0026 8/ 8

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