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Crime Problems

The document discusses rural and urban social problems in India. For rural problems, it outlines issues with agriculture like outdated tools and farming methods, lack of irrigation, high interest rates, and unemployment. For urban problems, it discusses issues like housing shortages and slums, water and pollution problems, family disintegration, crime, and lack of social control due to large populations.

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Ahmed Jokar Mohamoud
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19 views3 pages

Crime Problems

The document discusses rural and urban social problems in India. For rural problems, it outlines issues with agriculture like outdated tools and farming methods, lack of irrigation, high interest rates, and unemployment. For urban problems, it discusses issues like housing shortages and slums, water and pollution problems, family disintegration, crime, and lack of social control due to large populations.

Uploaded by

Ahmed Jokar Mohamoud
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER FOUR

RURAL PROBLEM
Poverty, hunger, disorganization o Unnecessary disputes o Lack of happiness o Earlier symbol of
honesty, morality Today corruption, moral degradation Ignorance, superstition, lack of
education, unemployment

1) Agricultural problems - Farmer use old kind of tools - Modern means- tractors, sowers
introduced slowly. - Small size of farms, low yielding low income (ii) small and scattered
farms - Land is divided, sub-divided - Divided into small pieces - This leads to traditional
cultivation
2) Destruction of crops by insects - Not acquainted with pest control - small insects
damage the crop - Monkeys, fox, birds damage crops (iv) Old and unskilled method -
They follow traditional methods of cultivation - Reluctant to follow skilled methods -
Greater labour yields less.
3) Undeveloped varieties of seeds - Hybrid seeds not used by farmers - If seeds are not
good, crops fail (vi) Shortage of manure - Farmers still use cow dung - Chemical
fertilization in short supply - Low productivity (vii) Shortage in the means of irrigation -
Inadequate irrigation facilities - Agriculture depends on rains
4) Economic problems 1) Indebtedness and high rate of interest - Indebtedness- major
problem - Rates of interest- very high 2) Lack of proper sales organization - Farmers do
not get proper remuneration for their products - They work hard, produce more - They
cannot get more income due to lack of sale organization.
5) Lack of transportation and communication - Inadequate transport facilities - They
cannot reach markets in time - This causes loss. 4) Problem of cattle - Shortage of cattle
of good breed - No measures to improve it - They do not get sufficient fodder - Not
protected from disease
6) Failure of small scale and cottage industries - They are in pitiable condition - No
knowledge of scientific production - They are not able to purchase instruments - Rural
industries degenerating. 6) Unemployment - Seasonal unemployment and
underemployment - Fuller employment to be found - Through diversification of
technology
7) Drinking water - Protected water supply schemes to be implemented - Village
panchayats have no funds. - They cannot afford for purifies of water 8) Poor
electrification - At present no electrification facilities - They could not get power for 4 to
5 hours a day. - Electrification increases productivity.
8) Rapid growth of population - large population – greater pressure on land, water, other
resources - Per capita returns from natural resources diminishes - Lack of investment
loads to unemployment, poverty

URBAN SOCIAL PROBLEMS


URBAN SOCIAL PROBLEMS: - Housing, inadequacy of family and neighbourhood - Lack of
stability in the social structure - Lack of intimate social relations - Congestion, unemployment,
pollution - Diseases peculiar to urban way of life - Increased social disorganization
1. HOUSING: - One of the primary necessities - It provides shelter to family - Shortage of
houses result in congestion - Continuous inflow of rural population results in formation
of slums
2. SLUMS: - Areas of substandard housing - Slum-an inhabitated uninhabitable habitation
3. Slums exist around factories - Poverty – main characteristic of slum dwellers - Basic
facilities like adequate air, water, lighting and sanitary facilities lacking. - Areas of filth,
breeding places of diseases - Hideouts for crimes, - Congestion, lack of privacy – slum
culture
4. WATER SUPPLY: - Urban man has greater water needs - He must hold supplies in
reserve
5. Supplied through pipes - Piped water supply not sufficient - Urban authorities fail to
supply drinking water - They need water for fountains, swimming pools, parks, gardens -
People get water supply once in two days for one hour or half an hour.
6. POLLUTION: - Pollution results from discharge of wastes into environment
7. Some industries release gas, solid, liquid into air and water canals - Pollution causes
damage to ecological balance - These cost to society
8. TRANSPORTATION: - Cities must have contact with outside world - People to go from
one corner to another - To build roads, wider street, build bridges - Traffic problem -
Transportation – challenging problem in cities
9. Decline in religious feelings: - People became materialistic in cities. - Everybody became
self- centred - Mad by pursuing self- interest - Decline in influence on religion
10. Weakening family control: - Rise in urban population brought weak family control -
Family lost orthodox value - Have become lax - Both man and wife go to work - No one
left to control children. - Lakhs of workers live without families
11. Increasing role of crime: In industrial centres manhood brutalised - Women dishonoured
- Childhood poisoned - Crime on increase - Increase in juvenile delinquency - Rise in evil
practices - Worker’s drink, gamble, go to vices.
12. Disintegration of joint family: - Decay of joint family - Tendency to have limited families
- Husband no longer head of household - Wife finds herself equal of her husband in the
family circle
13. Absence of social control: - Fall in fellow feeling sympathy and concern for others -
Social control declining - As population increases, decline in control of family, caste, and
other institutions.

CHARACTERISTICS OF URBAN PROBLEMS:

lums, unemployment, crimes, delinquencies, begging, corruption, drug abuse, air pollution, etc.,
are all urban problems which are generally the result of intolerable living conditions in towns
and cities. In a village, each man is so closely known to the others that his misdeeds are noticed
and talked about.

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