MUD KIT

Petropath Fluids (India) Pvt. Ltd.,

Mud Kit: PPMK01 & Slurry Kit: PPMK02

 Instruction Manual

1. Introduction

The Mud Kit: PPMK01/Slurry Kit: PPMK02 are portable kits with materials and
equipment for measuring Drilling Fluid properties at site. With this kit, the user can obtain
laboratory-quality measurements of Marsh funnel viscosity, specific gravity or density,
pH, water hardness, and sand content.
These tests comply with API Recommended Practice for Field Testing Water
Based Drilling Fluids, API RP 13B-1.

a. Kit Contains:
Sl. No. Mud Kit: PPMK01 Slurry Kit: PPMK02
1 Marsh Funnel and Mug Marsh Funnel and Mug
2 Mud Balance Mud Balance
3 Sand Content Kit Sand Content Kit
4 Stop Watch Stop Watch
5 Salinity Test Kit
6 Hardness Measuring Kit
7 Thermometer

2. Density Measurement
The mud balance provides a simple method for the accurate determination of mud
density. The durable construction make it ideal for field use. Principally the balance consists
of a base and graduated arm with cup, lid, knife-edge, rider, built-in spirit level, and counter-
weight. The constant volume cup is affixed to one end of the graduate arm and the counter
weight on the opposite hand.
Petropath Fluids Mud Balance is an accurate measuring device used to determine the
density of a slurry at site and in the laboratory.The Instrument is made wholly of metallic
material and characterized by its impregnability, duration for using, fine anti-impact
surfaces, stable measured data and high precision.

The measuring range is 5.9 to 23.9 pounds per gallon or 0.72 to 2.88 specific gravity.

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 a. Test Procedure :
i. Place the base stand on a level surface.
ii. Remove the air bubbles from the Slurry/Mud or de aerate and pour the Mud in the
Cup. Make sure some amount of Mud flows out of the opening provided in the end
cap of the cup so thatair bubbles comes out which is entrapped..
iii. Cover the lid and make sure some of the slurry is forced out through the vent hole in
the lid.This helps in removing gas.
iv. Wipe off any sample from the outside of the balance cup and lid and clean the
surfaces.
v. Fit the knife edge of the balance arm into the fulcrum, and then move the rider along
the arm to balance the assembly. The mud balance is horizontal when the level
bubble fluctuates an equal distance to either side of the centre line.
vi. Take the reading from the side of the rider.
vii. Empty the sample cup. Clean and dry the entire assembly as soon as possible.

b. Calibration :
o o
The mud balance calibration can be checked using fresh water. At 70 F (21 C), fresh
water should give a reading of 1.00 specific gravity.
If the mud balance continues to give incorrect measurements for fresh water after cleaning,
you should recalibrate it. To recalibrate, remove the screw cover from the weight adjustment
compartment, and then add or remove lead shot until the mud balance is correctly calibrated.
Note: Make sure there are no Mud/Slurry sticking to any part of Mud Balance. The error
sometimes might be because of sticking Mud.

3. Viscosity Measurement
The marsh funnel is made of break-resistant plastic and has a fixed orifice with a specified
diameter. A fixed mesh near the top across half the cone avoids the orifice getting blocked by
greater particles. The quality plastic measuring cup is designed specifically for use with
marsh funnel viscometer of quantity one quart (946.35ml).
Funnel viscosity is the ratio of the speed of the slurry as it passes through the outlet tube
(shear rate) to the force (weight of the slurry) causing the slurry to flow (shear stress). Funnel
viscosity is reported as the seconds required for one quart of slurry to flow out a full funnel.
Frequent reporting of the funnel viscosity makes it possible to observe sudden changes in the
slurry viscosity and to take corrective action when necessary.

a. Equipment set :
Marsh funnel; Measuring Cup, Electronic Stopwatch, Thermometer.

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 b. Procedure :

i. Hold the funnel erect with a finger over the outlet tube, and pour the slurry into the
funnel through the screen until the slurry level reaches the bottom of the screen. The
screen will filter out the larger particles that could clog the outlet tube.
ii. Quickly remove your finger from the outlet tube, and at the same time, begin timing
the slurry outflow.
iii. Allow one quart (946 ml) of slurry to flow from the Marsh funnel into a measuring
container.
iv. Record the seconds it takes for the quart of slurry to flow from the funnel. Report
this value as the Marsh funnel viscosity. Also record the temperature of the slurry
sample.

c. Calibration Check

Marsh Funnel calibration is easily checked by measuring the viscosity of fresh water. The
funnel is dimensioned so that the outflow of one quart (946 ml) of fresh water at 70 ± 5°F (21 ±
3°C) is 26 ± 0.5 seconds.
If the funnel is out of calibration, clean it again using a pipe cleaner, making sure that
nothing is blocking the outlet.If the funnel continues to give an incorrect reading for fresh water
after cleaning, then replace the funnel.

4. Sand Content Measurement :

Sand content is the volume percentage of particles larger than 74 microns. Periodic
determination of the sand content in a drilling fluid is desirable. Excessive sand may result in
the deposition of a thick filter cake on the wall of the borehole, in turn it may settle in the hole
around the tools when circulation is stopped and may cause interference with the successful
operation of drilling or when the casing is set. High sand content also causes excessive
abrasion of pump parts and pipe connections.
Sieve analysis is the preferred method for sand content determination because of the
reliability of the test and simplicity of equipment. The volume of sand, including that of void
spaces between grains, is usually measured and expressed as a percentage by volume of the
drilling fluid.
The kit consists of a special 200-mesh sieve 2½ inches in diameter, fastened inside a
collar upon which a small funnel is fitted on either end. This is used with a 100ml glass
measuring tube, graduated to read from 0 to 20% the percentage sand by volume. The collar
and funnel are made of polyethylene and the screen is made of brass.

a. Equipment :
Sand Content; Screen Sand; Content Funnel; Sand Content; Wash Bottle.

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 b. Procedure :

i. Fill the measuring tube with drilling, and then use the wash bottle to add clear water to the
line marked. Place your thumb over the mouth of the tube and shake the tube vigorously.
ii. Pour the mixture onto the screen. Continue adding water to the tube, shaking, and pouring the
contents onto the screen until all the drilling fluid sample has been washed from the tube.
iii. Do not stir or manually force the mixture through the screen. Tapping the side of the screen
holder while pouring the mixture onto the screen will help the mixture pass through the
screen.
iv. Using the wash bottle, spray water onto the screen to wash away the remaining drilling fluid
and shale particles until only sand is left on the screen.
v. Fit the large end of the funnel over the top of the screen holder. Then slowly invert the screen
and funnel assembly, fitting the funnel tip into the mouth of the glass measuring tube.
vi. Using a fine spray of water from the wash bottle, wash the sand from the screen through the
funnel into the glass measuring tube. Let the sand settle.
vii. Note the quantity of sand that has settled, and using the scale, determine the percentage of the
total mud volume that is sand. Report this value as % by volume sand.

5. pH Measurement

i. Dip the pH strip into the slurry sample.

ii. Remove the pH strip and read it while the strip is still moist.
iii. Observe the four colour squares and compare the changes with the chart on the
container.
iv. Record the pH to the nearest 0.5 pH.

6. Water Hardness Measurement

a. Apparatus

i. Versenate solution: ii. ml = 400 ppm Ca ++ (0.01M), iii. Hardness buffer.

iv. Hardness indicator, v. Distilled water, vi. Titrating dish, vii. Volumetric pipettes.

b. Procedure

i. Pipette 1.0 ml of fluid filtrate into a titrating dish.

ii. Dilute to 25 ml with deionized water.
iii. Add 1 ml of hardness buffer and,
iv. A Pinch of EBT indicator.
Titrate with versenate (0.01M EDTA) solution, swirling contents of titrating dish until
colour of indicator changes from wine red to blue.

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 c. Calculation:

Total Hardness as Ca++ (mg/lt) = ml of EDTA X 400

ml of sample

7. Salinity Measurement

a. Description
The salt or Chloride test is a very significant areas where salt can be contaminate the
drilling fluids and end up with higher chemical consumption.
b. Apparatus:

i. Silver nitrate solution: containing 4.791 g/l (0.0282N) (equivalent to 0.001g

chloride ion per milliliter), preferably stored in an amber bottle.
ii. Potassium chromate indicator solution: 5 g/100 ml of water.
iii. Acid solution: 0.02N sulphuric or nitric acid.
iv. Phenolphthalein indicator solution: 1 g/100 ml of 50% alcohol
v. Calcium carbonate: precipitated, chemically pure grade.
vi. Distilled water.
vii. Graduated pipettes: one 1 ml and one 10 ml.
viii. Titration vessel: 100 to 150 ml, preferably white.

c. Procedure

i. Measure one ml of filtrate into the titration vessel. Add two or three drops of
phenolphthalein solution. If the indicator turns pink, add acid drop by drop from
pipette, while stirring, until the colour is discharged. If the filtrate is deeply
colored,add an additional 2 cm3 of 0.02 normal (n/50) sulphuric or nitric acid and stir.
Then add 1g calcium carbonate and stir.
ii. Add 25 to 50 ml of distilled water and 5 to 10 drops of potassium chromate solution.
Stir continuously while adding standard silver nitrate solution drop by drop from the
pipette, until the colour changes from yellow to orange red and persists for30 seconds.
Record the number of ml of silver nitrate required to reach the end point. If over 10
ml of silver nitrate solution are used, repeat the test with a smaller sample of filtrate.
Note: If the chloride ion concentration of the filtrate exceeds 10,000 ppm, a silver
nitrate solution equivalent to 0.01 g chloride ion/ml may be used. The factor 1000 in the
following equation is then changed to 10,000. Report the chloride ion concentration of the
filtrate in milligrams per litre (mg/l).

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 d. Calculation

ml of Silver Nitrate (0.0282N) X 1000

Chloride,mg/l =
ml of filtrate sample

8. Spares

Sl. No Spare Part No.

1 Mud Balance PPMKSP01
2 Marsh Funnel PPMKSP02
3 Measuring Mug PPMKSP03
4 Sand Content Mesh Unit PPMKSP04
5 Sand Content Measurer PPMKSP05
6 pH Paper PPMKSP06
7 Stop Watch PPMKSP07
8 100 Ml Beaker PPMKSP08
9 Thermometer PPMKSP09
10 Pipette 2mL PPMKSP10
11 LED Light PPMKSP11
12 Calver Indicator PPMKSP12
13 Hardness Indicator PPMKSP13
14 Pot. Chromate 0.0282N PPMKSP14
15 pH Buffer Solution PPMKSP15
16 EDTA Solution PPMKSP16
17 Hardness Buffer PPMKSP17
18 Wash Bottle PPMKSP18

9. Important Notes:
i. Keep all equipment dry and clean after use.
ii. Keep the sand content Kit dry after every use.
iii. Refill the wash bottle
iv. Follow SOPs and MSDS/PDS while using all equipment and chemicals. Petropath
Fluids will not be responsible for any consequences happening because of damages
created by misuse of the equipment/chemicals.
v. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE)

10. Warranty:
Petropath warrants its products to be free from defects in material and workmanship for
a period of 12 months from the time of shipment. If repair or adjustment is necessary, and has
not been the result of abuse or misuse within the twelve -month period, please return, freight
prepaid, and correction of the defect will be made without charge.

Out of warranty products will be repaired for a nominal charge.

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 Our correspondence address is:

Petropath Fluids (India) Pvt. Ltd.,

#9, Naik Business House, Arekere Mico Layout,
Bannerghatta Road. Bangalore – 560076
Email: [email protected] , [email protected]
website: www.ppdrillingfluids.in
Contact : 9901274500 / 9901260100

Contact Petropath Fluids (India) Pvt. Ltd., for below:

01 Drilling Fluid Services
02 Drilling Waste Management
03 Laboratory Services
04 Laboratory Chemicals
05 Drilling Chemicals
06 ETP Services
07 ETP Chemicals
08 Oil and Gas Mud System
09 HDD Mud Drilling System
10 Solid Control Equipment