© 2021 European Mathematical Society

Published by EMS Press

Instructions for preparing an article submitted to

Journal of Fractal Geometry (JFG)

EMS Press

Abstract. The abstract provides the reader with a clear description of your study and its results.
We ask you to take great care in preparing the abstract and to not use references to the biblio-
graphy, as e.g. “[4, 5]” is meaningless in case the abstract appears separated from the rest of the
article. You can use “Petrunin [Geom. Funct. Anal. 8 (1998)]” or “Schöberl (2001)” according
to the case. Inline formulas such as  WD Rn n Rd can be used, but displayed formulas should
be avoided.

Authors are expected to submit their article in well-structured LATEX using the style
file ems-jfg.sty and following the instructions given in this manual.

1. Using the template

1.1. The tex file

 Rename JFG-template.tex using, e.g., the surnames of the authors.
 Insert your text in the appropriate places; see the comments scattered throughout
the LATEX template.
 No personal style files should be used.
 Avoid redundant source code such as unused definitions.
 Avoid using \def to define own macros.
 You may not modify the geometry or style in any way. Do not worry about bad
page breaks and avoid adding extra space to improve the appearance of the manu-
script.

1.2. The style file

 Do not edit or change the style file.
 The style file already loads the following packages:
– amsthm, amsmath, amssymb
 Journal of Fractal Geometry 2

– enumitem, geometry, caption, graphicx, array

– hyperref, url, fontenc, inputenc
– babel, booktabs, cite, float, footmisc, multicol, xcolor
– newtxmath, newtxtext, kvoptions, nag, ragged2e
– pdf14, pdftexcmds, xpatch, zref-base
Do not load these packages again.
 Missing packages can be downloaded from httpsW//ctan.org/.

1.3. Sending your manuscript

Once your own editing is done, please provide us with:

 the tex file,
 the corresponding pdf file,
 the bib file (in case you use BibTeX),
 all figures in a common format such as eps or pdf.

2. A few basic guidelines

2.1. References
 References should be listed alphabetically at the end of the article using numerical
labels [1], [2], . . . .
 All references in the bibliography should be cited at least once in the text.
 Abbreviate titles of journals and book series as in zbMath Open or Mathematical
Reviews.
 The examples on page 6 show the preferred style for books, papers, theses, etc.
 If you use BibTeX, please use the bibliography style emss.bst:
\bibliographystyle{emss}
\bibliography{your-bib-file}

2.2. Enumerated lists

(1) The labels of first level enumerations are by default (1), (2), . . . .
(2) You may change them to, e.g., (i), (ii), . . . by using an optional argument:
\begin{enumerate}[(i)]
\item ...
 Instructions for authors 3

\item ...
\end{enumerate}
(3) For more options see the documentation of the enumitem package.

2.3. Figures and tables

 All figures should be legible and of good quality. Avoid very small or large text
and pixelated or fuzzy lines.
 By default figures are printed black and white. (Exceptions are possible and must
be approved by the typesetter.) If you provide colour figures, make sure that they
are also legible in black and white. The figures appear in colour only in the online
version of the journal. Since both versions must have the same wording, please
refrain from referring to colours (“the red line”).
 Include figures by writing
\begin{figure}[t]
\includegraphics[width=.6\textwidth]{FILENAME}
\caption{Caption.}\label{fig:xyz}
\end{figure}
 For subcaptions, load \usepackage[margin=0pt]{subfig} in the preamble
and then write
\begin{figure}[t]
\subfloat[Caption a]{\includegraphics[width=4cm]{...}}
\qquad
\subfloat[Caption b]{\includegraphics[width=4cm]{...}}
\caption{Caption.}
\end{figure}
 Tables are included using the table environment.

2.4. Theorems and the like

 For theorems and the like include appropriate \newtheorem commands such as
\theoremstyle{plain}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
\newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma}
\theoremstyle{definition}
\newtheorem{example}[theorem]{Example}
\newtheorem{remark}[theorem]{Remark}
Please do not use \theoremstyle{remark}.
 Journal of Fractal Geometry 4

 For a proof, use \begin{proof}...\end{proof}. An end-of-proof sign is

added automatically.
 Use \qedhere to put at the end of an unnumbered formula.

2.5. Displayed formulas

 For displayed formulas consisting of more than one line use
\begin{align} ... \end{align}
(respectively the starred form) instead of the eqnarray environment, since the
former yields better spacing.
 In case you do not want numbering for every line, add \notag at the end of the
line where you do not want a number:

A D f .xi / D F 0 .x/;
B D g.xi / D G 0 .x/: (1)

 Write
\begin{equation}\begin{aligned} ... \end{aligned}\end{equation}
to get one label for the complete block:
A D f .xi / D F 0 .x/;
(2)
B D g.xi / D G 0 .x/:

 Other available environments for multiline displays are gather or multline.

2.6. Labels
 If you cross-reference a section, subsection, figure, table, displayed formula or
theorem-like environment, always use \label and \ref.
 Do not reference page numbers of your article (\pageref).

2.7. Table of contents

 If your article has 50 or more pages, you may include a table of contents using
\tableofcontents.

2.8. More mathematics

 Avoid blank lines before or after a display, unless you really want to start a new
paragraph.
 Instructions for authors 5

 Instead of $$...$$ use \begin{equation*}...\end{equation*} or \[...\].

 For horizontal spacing in displayed formulas use \quad or \qquad (not mul-
tiple ~).
 Leave punctuation marks outside inline formulas: $n>0$.
 Avoid forcing displaystyle with \displaystyle or \limits for inline formulas.
 For the separator (normal size) in set notation use \mid (not |).
 For the double bar (indicating a norm) use \lVert and \rVert.
 There are several commands such as \det or \sin for setting things upright. If
you need operators that are not predefined, define, e.g.,
\newcommand\Hom{\operatorname{Hom}}
It is accepted typographical standard that abbreviated mathematical expressions
standing for “words” appear in roman (upright) typeface.
 Avoid using \left and \right. To obtain bigger delimiters in displayed formu-
las, use \big, \Big, \bigg or \Bigg.
 Use \, and \! between letters sparingly. A notable exception is before the differ-
ential dx in integrands, where \, is normally added.

2.9. Grammatical integration of displayed formulas

 Displayed formulas are parts of a grammatical sentence. Therefore, the same rules
for punctuation hold. Example: A displayed formula that ends a sentence must end
with a full stop.
 Avoid additional horizontal space before any punctuation.
Example: Do not write \[ A_n<1\,. \]
 A sentence that precedes a displayed formula and contains a phrase like “as fol-
lows” or “the following” should end with a colon. Introductory sentences with
“defined by”, “can be seen that”, “such that”, etc. must not end with a colon.

2.10. Quote marks, dashes, abbreviations

 Double quote marks are produced using ``...''. If quote marks are used inside
another pair of quote marks, use single quotes. Example:
She asked: “Didn’t he say ‘I like red best’ when I asked his wine preferences?”
 The hyphen - is used for compound words like p-periodic. Do not write $p-$periodic.
 The en-dash -- is used for number ranges and it can stand for ‘and’ as in Cauchy–
Bunyakovsky–Schwarz.
 Journal of Fractal Geometry 6

 The em-dash --- (with no space on either side) may be used to partition a sen-
tence. However, we prefer the en-dash (with a blank on both sides).
 Write all Latin abbreviations in roman (not italic): e.g., et al., i.e., etc.

Acknowledgements. Insert your acknowledgements here. Formal financial support

should be listed in the following section.

Funding. Insert sources of financial support for all authors (incl. grant numbers)
here.

References

[1] E. Giorgi, The geometric universe. Ph.D. thesis, University of Maryland, College Park, 2002
[2] J. S. Milne, Introduction to Shimura varieties. In Harmonic analysis, the trace formula, and
Shimura varieties, edited by M. W. Marcellin and E. Giorgi, pp. 265–378, Clay Math. Proc.
4, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 2005 Zbl 1148.14011 MR 2192012
[3] D. V. Nguyen, S. K. Chilappagari, M. W. Marcellin, and B. Vasic, LDPC codes from latin
squares free of small trapping sets. 2010, arXiv:1008.4177
[4] A. Petrunin, Parallel transportation for Alexandrov space with curvature bounded below.
Geom. Funct. Anal. 8 (1998), no. 1, 123–148 Zbl 0903.53045 MR 1601854
[5] J. Schöberl, Commuting quasi-interpolation operators. Technical report isc-01-10-math,
Texas A&M University, 2001, www.isc.tamu.edu/publications-reports/tr/0110.pdf
[6] W. P. Ziemer, Weakly differentiable functions. Grad. Texts in Math. 120, Springer, New
York, 1989 Zbl 0692.46022 MR 1014685

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