International Journal of Scientific Research and Review ISSN No.

: 2279-543X
Volume 07, Issue 02, February 2019 UGC Journal No.: 64650

REAL TIME FAULT ALERT SYSTEM FOR

DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER USING IOT WITH
ANDROID
SaurabhWani1, Shubham Shirsath2, Yogesh Khurkute3,
Parneet Kaur Chowdhary4
Third Year Electrical Engineering Student
Guru Gobind Singh Polytechnic College, Nashik, Maharashtra (India)

ABSTRACT
In power system the transformer is electrical equipment which distribute and transform the low voltage use us
directly. The effective approach to prevent malfunctions of power equipment is the online monitoring. The main
concern of transformer protection is protection of transformer against internal faults. The transformer failure
occurs due to temperature rise, overload, low oil level, poor quality of cable and improper installation and
maintains. Out of these factors temperature rise,low oil level and overload need continuous monitoring to save
or increased transformer life. Data are collected continuously and compared with set value and then
information about the system health.
Present system is totally based on manual handling which causes errors, loss of electricity sometimes,
faults and delays etc. to overcome all this problems we have designed real time location and fault alert system
for transformer using ATMega2560 controller and Wi-Fi module.

I. INTRODUCTION
The demand of electric power for house hold purpose, commercial purpose and industrial purpose increases
day by day. The existing method of management of electrical power system is complex as they are generally
interconnected with many operating machine units working together.Ifany of the machine in this
interconnected system faces failure entire power system is affected hence careful monitoring and protection of
these machines are necessary. Among the interconnected machine transformer which is a static machine which
plays key role of stepping up or stepping down voltage levels in power systems based on electromagnetic
induction principle. In the existing system monitoring of transformer is done using wired network
accompanied with temporary test unit and involving man into action , here continuous monitoring is not
possible all the time which may leadto malfunction or failure of power transformer. Transformers are the most
important part of transmission and distribution system. Transformer suffers from various abnormalities which
causessuddenshutdownoftransformer.

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International Journal of Scientific Research and Review ISSN No.: 2279-543X
Volume 07, Issue 02, February 2019 UGC Journal No.: 64650

II, SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

A. Objectives
Following are the objectives of the system:
1. DetectionoffaultindistributionTransformer.
2. Development of IOT System for distributiontransformer
3. Ifanyfaultisoccurredtheandroid app will display message.
B. Basic BlockDiagram
The system block diagram is as shown below:

Fig. 1: Block Diagram for Real Time Fault Alert system for Distribution Transformer Using IOT with Android

C. Working Principle
Current transformer, potential transformer, temperature sen- sor, Arduino ATMega2560, LCD display, WI-FI
Modem and relay are used for fault detection. In transformer, failure occurs due to Voltage current fluctuation,
overheating, change in oil level etc. In this project, for sensing fault we used current transformer, potential
transformer, temperature sensor, and fuse also. The all sensors output is given comparator then
microcontroller.Whenfaultoccursinsystemduetoanyreason
itwilldisplayonLCD.Apowersupplyisusedfortheworking of the circuit s all components in the circuit requires
as shown in fig. microcontroller is the heart of the system. The sensors current transformer, temperature
sensor, potential transformer, fuses are connected on the transformer site. These sensors are used to
monitoring transformer parameters (voltage, current, temperature and oil level).At start input from mains

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International Journal of Scientific Research and Review ISSN No.: 2279-543X
Volume 07, Issue 02, February 2019 UGC Journal No.: 64650

230v lines to load is monitored by CT and PT which gives current and voltage level based on load used by
consumer. The 230v i.e. stepped down to 9v using step down transformer. The output of PT is given to signal
conditioning block. This block has rectifier, filter and regulator. The rectifier will convert AC into DC. This
DC has some ripples, so capacitor filter is used to remove the ACripples.
D. PROTOTYPEMODEL
The Prototype model of the project has been implemented and can be seen in the figure below.

Fig 2: Prototype Model

III. APPLICATIONS
Following are the possible applications of this project:
 Maintenance Department for troubleshootingfault.
 Fault Analysis of BTStower.
 Quality Department forimprovement.
 Qualityandfindrootcauseoffault.

IV. ADVANTAGES
 If any fault occur or all fault occur at a time. This system can be noticed easily all fault on scrolling LCD
display. Therefore trouble-shooting is easy.
 Even if there is nobody for monitoring the system the person can get the status on his mobile through SMS.
 Saves money i.e. travelling allowances etc.
 Reduces man power.
 Easily implementable

V, CONCLUSIONS
The system is effective in the sense that a complete online monitoring of the distribution transformer is achieved
through this system. Also, the concluding result regarding the fault is deducted based on tested variations in

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Volume 07, Issue 02, February 2019 UGC Journal No.: 64650

parameters. But the difficult part is to include all the sensing parameters for the
faultanalysisasitmakestheprogrammingcomplex.

VI. FUTURE SCOPE

In future we can make use of color sensors for detecting faults in transformer oil.

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