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Riisam203D: Use Hand and Power Tools

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
80 views19 pages

Riisam203D: Use Hand and Power Tools

Uploaded by

bayyr
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RIISAM203D

USE HAND AND POWER TOOLS

Reference Material

www.pertrain.com.au


Contents
1. Introduction.......................................................................................................................................... 1

2. General Obligations............................................................................................................................. 2
2.1 Legislation and Site Policies.................................................................................................. 2
2.1.1 Environmental Management Plan............................................................................. 4
2.2 Plan and Prepare for Operations........................................................................................... 4
2.2.1 Work Briefings........................................................................................................... 4
2.2.2 Job Requirements .................................................................................................... 5
2.2.3 Site and Task Procedures......................................................................................... 5
2.2.4 Interpret Information, Plan Work and Determine Required Outcomes...................... 5
2.3 Conduct Site Safety Inspections............................................................................................ 6

3. Safety .................................................................................................................................................. 6
3.1 Site Procedures...................................................................................................................... 6
3.1.1 Site Safety and Work Instructions............................................................................. 6
3.1.2 Permit to Work Systems............................................................................................ 6
3.2 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)................................................................................... 7
3.3 Exclusion Zone....................................................................................................................... 8

4. Hazards................................................................................................................................................ 8
4.1 Personal Hazard Identification............................................................................................... 8
4.1.1 Job Safety Analysis................................................................................................... 9
4.1.2 Hazard Report........................................................................................................... 9
4.1.3 Types of Hazards...................................................................................................... 9
4.2 Hazard Control Options........................................................................................................ 10
4.3 Hazardous Materials............................................................................................................ 10
4.3.1 Safety Data Sheets..................................................................................................11

5. Select and Evaluate Equipment for the Job........................................................................................11


5.1 Perform Equipment Checks and Inspections....................................................................... 12

6. Hand Tools......................................................................................................................................... 13
6.1 Hand Tool Safety.................................................................................................................. 13
6.2 Using and Inspecting Hand Tools......................................................................................... 14

7. Power Tools........................................................................................................................................ 18
7.1 Power Sources..................................................................................................................... 18
7.1.1 Mains Power........................................................................................................... 18
7.1.2 Petrol or Diesel Generators..................................................................................... 19
7.1.3 Batteries.................................................................................................................. 19
7.1.4 Compressed Air....................................................................................................... 20
7.1.5 Hydraulic Power...................................................................................................... 21

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Use Hand and Power Tools

7.1.6 Explosive Cartridge Tools........................................................................................ 21


7.1.7 Small Petrol Engines............................................................................................... 22
7.2 Power Tools and Equipment................................................................................................ 22
7.2.1 General Safety........................................................................................................ 22
7.3 Inspecting and Using Power Tools....................................................................................... 23

8. Post Operational Tasks...................................................................................................................... 28


8.1 Work Area Clean-up............................................................................................................. 28
8.2 Maintenance of Hand and Power Tools............................................................................... 29
8.3 Storing Hand and Power Tools............................................................................................. 29
8.4 End of Shift Reports............................................................................................................. 30

9. Responding to Emergency Situations................................................................................................ 30


9.1 Emergency Response.......................................................................................................... 30
9.2 Fires..................................................................................................................................... 31
9.3 Spills..................................................................................................................................... 31
9.4 First Aid................................................................................................................................ 31
9.5 Evacuation Procedures........................................................................................................ 32

10. Summary............................................................................................................................................ 32

11. Terms and Acronyms.......................................................................................................................... 33

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Safety Prompts
Symbols are used throughout this module to highlight specific points, particularly those that involve
safety. The symbols and their meaning are shown below.

DANGER
This prompt is used when there is an immediate hazard that IS LIKELY TO result in
severe personal injury or death if proper procedures are not followed.

CAUTION
This prompt is used to warn against potentially unsafe practices that COULD result in
personal injury or death and/or property damage if correct procedures are not followed.

NOTE
This prompt is used when an operation, condition, or information is of sufficient
importance to warrant highlighting.

ACTIVITY
An activity is a task to be done before continuing, this can be group based, one-on-one
or external research.

Glossary of Terms and Acronyms


All industries have terms and acronyms that are specific to them. A list of commonly used terms and
acronyms is included at the end of this training resource.

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Use Hand and Power Tools

Authorised Use of and Permissions for this Resource

Pertrain Pty Ltd grants the licensee of this Pertrain material, permission to use the resource for purchaser
in-house purposes only. The Intellectual Property in, and copyright of, text and graphics provided by Pertrain for
the development of this resource remains vested in Pertrain.

Pertrain does not grant ‘the purchaser’ the right to deconstruct these resources or parts thereof to develop other
training resources.

Pertrain does not grant ‘the purchaser’ the right to sell work produced by Pertrain to a third party or to allow a third
party to use any component of Pertrain’s work for the third party’s own benefit.

This training resources or parts thereof must not be distributed, either electronically or in hard copy, outside of
the purchaser’s organisation without the written permission of Pertrain Pty Ltd. Permission can be sought by
contacting [email protected].

Disclaimer

This resource has been developed after extensive consultation with industry partners. It is a collaborative view
and does not necessarily represent the view of any specific body. For the sake of being concise, it may omit
factors that could be pertinent in particular cases. This product is meant for educational purposes only and is not
a substitute or replacement for the workplace's existing policy and procedures.

While care has been taken in the preparation of this resource, Pertrain Pty Ltd does not warrant that any licensing
or registration requirements specified here are either complete or up-to-date for your State or Territory. Pertrain
Pty Ltd does not accept liability for any damage or loss (including indirect and consequential loss) incurred by any
person as a result of relying on the information contained in this resource.

Pertrain Pty Ltd, does not accept any liability to any person for the information or advice (or the use of such
information or advice) which is provided in this resource or incorporated into it by reference. The information is
provided on the basis that all persons (responsible RTO, trainers and assessors) accessing this material accept
responsibility for assessing the relevance and accuracy of its content. No liability is accepted for any information
or services which may appear in any other format. No responsibility is taken for any information or services which
may appear on any linked websites.

Page vi © www.pertrain.com.au — J/N 9292-4G — November, 2016


Use Hand and Power Tools

USE HAND AND POWER TOOLS

1. Introduction
This training resource is provided to introduce you to your obligations and the procedures used to
select and use hand and power tools. It also outlines the ways in which you can improve safety and
efficiency when using hand and power tools.

Use this resource in conjunction with the equipment manufacturer's instructions for the specific
operating procedures of the equipment and refer to your site operating procedures.

This resource contains information that will assist you to:


• understand your safety obligations
• plan and prepare to use hand and power tools
• select, inspect and use hand tools
• select, inspect and use power tools
• follow site housekeeping procedures
• complete written records and reports.

NOTE
This training material is a guide only. Always follow site standard operating procedures
when performing your work.

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Use Hand and Power Tools

2. General Obligations
You have an obligation to ensure the safety and health of yourself and others and to protect the
environment in which you work.
HERE‛S TO A SAFE
The following actions will help you to do this.
DAY‛S WORK !
• Ensure that you are physically and mentally fit for work
before starting any job.
• Comply with your organisation's Code of Conduct on
how you interact with others, for example, no bullying, .c
om
.au

t r a in
discrimination, unethical or unsafe behaviour.

per
ww.
©w
• Do not attempt any task unless you are qualified and
authorised to perform the task.
• Make sure that you have the required licences
and permits to perform your work and that they
are current. Advise your supervisor immediately if you lose your licence or permit.
• Select, check and use the correct personal protective equipment (PPE). Make sure that the
PPE fits properly and is suitable for the task.
• Report unsafe conditions, activities, incidents or near misses to your supervisor or safety
representative.
• Report damaged or defective equipment for repair.
• Operate equipment within manufacturer specifications and limitations and according to site
procedures.
• Use your site isolation (lock and tag) system.
• Adhere to site environmental guidelines to prevent damage to the natural environment and
designated heritage sites.

NOTE
Your obligations and other essential information would have been covered during
your general and site inductions. If you have not received an induction talk to your
supervisor.

2.1 Legislation and Site Policies


During your general and site specific inductions you would have been familiarised with organisational
and site policies and procedures. These have been developed in accordance with legislation and are
designed to ensure that work is undertaken safely.

Gather and read the relevant documents and procedures for the task that you are doing. You must
understand the documents and how they apply to your work.

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Use Hand and Power Tools

2.1.1 Environmental Management Plan


Legislation requires that an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) be prepared for any work site.
The purpose of the plan is to minimise the impact of operations on the surrounding environment. You
must identify from the plan the environmental protection requirements relating to your task and apply
them to your work.

The plan will include procedures and practices for (but not ARE YOU AWARE OF OUR
COMPANY ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY?!

limited to):
OUR WHAT?

• dust prevention and minimisation


• water quality control
• noise and vibration control
• minimising loss or damage of vegetation and topsoil
• u
se, carriage and storage of fuels, oils and other
© www.pertrain.com.au
chemicals
• clean up of oil, lubricant or chemical spills
• waste management
• handling of dangerous substances and chemicals.
The EMP will also contain a list of control measures that must be in place. If you notice any of these
control measures are damaged or missing, report it to your supervisor immediately.

2.2 Plan and Prepare for Operations


Before starting a task, make sure that you have all the necessary information and resources to do
your work safely and efficiently. Use the information to help plan your work and to ensure that the work
complies with all site and project requirements.

Required information can be obtained from:


• work briefings
• job requirements
• site and task procedures.

2.2.1 Work Briefings


Before starting operations, ensure that you have received a
work briefing from your supervisor, and a handover from the
previous operator (if applicable). Briefings are conducted
according to site policy. Information that should be provided in
the briefing includes:

• personnel and equipment scheduled to operate in the


area Attend Briefings
• known hazards in the work area
• events that will occur onsite during the day that may affect your task
• any problems that occurred during the previous day such as breakdowns and schedule slippage
• updates such as revised survey data or amended priorities of work
• current progress towards job completion.
A toolbox talk or short safety discussion may also take place during the briefing. Do not start any work
until you have fully understood the information given to you by the supervisor.

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Use Hand and Power Tools

3.3 Exclusion Zone


Before starting work you may be required to establish an DANGER
exclusion zone to restrict or prevent unauthorised access into
the work area.
EXCLUSION ZONE
Erect barricades, cones and/or lights as required by the site. NO LIGHT VEHICLE OR

© www.pertrain.com.au
Place an exclusion zone sign at all access points or use other PEDESTRIAN ACCESS PAST
THIS POINT
approved methods to warn personnel entering the operations
area. Red and White

Exclusion zones are applicable to pedestrians and all vehicles.

© www.pertrain.com.au
Danger - No access allowed
Yellow and Black

Caution - Area may be entered but use caution


Barrier Tapes

4. Hazards
Before starting work, you must perform a hazard identification and risk analysis process following your
site procedures. Learn to recognise the difference between a hazard and a risk.

Hazard Risk

A hazard is a source or situation with the A risk is the likelihood that a harmful consequence
potential for harm that can cause injury, may result from exposure to a hazard.
damage or lost time.

© www.pertrain.com.au
.

The Task The Hazard The Risk

4.1 Personal Hazard Identification


Conduct a personal hazard identification and risk assessment procedure if:
• the task is unfamiliar to you
• you are unsure that your work can be carried out safely
• the task is potentially hazardous
• the task is potentially a high-risk activity.

Use your site hazard analysis tool to identify and control workplace hazards. Typically, the tool will
require you to stop, identify hazards and proceed when you have determined how to minimise the risk
associated with the hazards.

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Use Hand and Power Tools

6. Hand Tools
Safe and effective use of hand tools is an important part of any construction, maintenance or servicing
program. Accidents can be caused by the misuse of hand tools, therefore it is important for you to
become familiar with their safe use.

This section provides an overview of the hand tools most commonly used in basic maintenance
activities. The tools described are limited to work that does not require detailed trade knowledge or
skills.

6.1 Hand Tool Safety


Selecting the correct hand tool for the job is

© www.pertrain.com.au
vital for productivity, tool life and safety. Vertical Large turning
force most movement
Many hand tools operate on the principle of effective
Mechanical Advantage Through Leverage.
This means the longer the effective lever, the
greater the applied force (or torque). Full Distance

When using any hand tool, it is important to


Smaller turning
follow basic safety precautions. movement
• Select and use the correct tool for Vertical
the job. force less
effective
CAUTION
Never substitute one hand tool
Reduced Distance
for another. For example, do
not use an axe as a hammer, No turning
or a screwdriver as a chisel. movement

• Wear appropriate PPE. Vertical


force
• C
heck blades, bits and attachments ineffective
for sharpness and security.
• Know the capability and limitation of Mechanical Advantage of Leverage
the tool.
• Keep your work area clear of rubbish and off-cuts.
• Never over-reach or apply excessive force when using hand tools.
• If required, firmly clamp or fix any work material in position before using the hand tool on it.
• Check handles for cracks, splinters and general wear and damage.
• Keep handles free of moisture and grease.
• Check that the work area is clear of obstacles that may pose a trip hazard.
• Check that the material you are using the hand tool on, is not situated in front of or near power
or service lines.

Clean tools immediately after use, before storage. Wipe off moisture and accumulated dirt or other
material. Stow hand tools properly, ensuring that sharp metal cutting edges are suitably guarded.
CAUTION
Do not store damaged or defective tools.

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Use Hand and Power Tools

6.2 Using and Inspecting Hand Tools


Follow site procedures and manufacturer instructions when using hand tools. The following
instructions and directions are a general guideline for using tools.

NOTE
Always follow manufacturer instructions for using hand tools.

Tool Group Examples Inspection Use

Clamping Tools • Bench vice • Clamp faces for Clamp materials for
• G clamp cleanliness. safe cutting, drilling
© www.pertrain.com.au

• All threaded filing or scraping.


• C clamp
components are
• F clamp Clamp materials in
lubricated and free
• Sash clamps accordance with
from rust.
material limitations,
• Spring clamps
• Freedom of site procedures
• Vice grip pliers movement and and manufacturer
• Multi-grip pliers security. recommendations.
Bench Vice

Cutting Tools • Side cutters • Joint for lubrication Cut material.


• Combination pliers and free movement.
© www.pertrain.com.au

• Cable stripping • Cutting edge is CAUTION


pliers sharp and in good The cutting edge is
condition. sharp and may cause
• Tin snips
• Saw cutting blades injury.
• Aviation snips
for correct tension.
• Bolt cutters
Cutting edge
diagonal to axis • Hacksaw CAUTION
Always wear eye
• Hand saw
Diagonal Cutting Pliers protection when using
• Axe
cutting tools.
• Retractable cutters

NOTE
Select the correct
cutting tool for the
work task.

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Use Hand and Power Tools

Tool Group Examples Inspection Use

Spanners • Open end spanner • Wear, damage and Used to tighten or


• Ring spanner deformation. loosen:

© www.pertrain.com.au
Adjust pull and
grip position to • Combination • Free from oil and • nuts
suit size of nut.
spanner grease. • bolts
• Adjustable spanner • Correct size • studs.
spanner for the
Adjust jaw on • Podger spanner
same side as
direction of pull.
application.
• Flogging spanner
• Pipe wrench
Adjusting the Spanner
• Allen keys
• Socket and ratchet
• Box spanner

Hammers • Claw hammer • Face of the hammer Used to drive


• Ball peen hammer is clean and free materials including:
© www.pertrain.com.au

Ball Peen

from damage. • punches


• Mallet hammer
Head
• Handle is secure, • nails
Face • Sledge hammer
clean and free from
Ball Peen Hammer • chisels
damage.
• rivets
• bolts
• studs.

CAUTION
Sparks my result
when hammering
some materials. Do
not work in an area
where sparks could
ignite a fire.

Chisels • Flat cold chisel • Cutting edge for Cut or remove


Head chamfered and
• Cape chisel correct angle and material including:
© www.pertrain.com.au

left relatively soft


damage. • wood
Body of stock • Round nose chisel
Shaped for good grip
• Striking end for • metal
• Diamond point
mushrooming.
chisel • stone.
Cutting • Scraper
Angle
Hardened and
Tempered • Wood chisel
Bevel or facet CAUTION
Cutting edge Remove any
Ensure the Parts of the mushrooming from the
Chisel are Serviceable
chisel head as it may
cause the chisel to
slip, resulting in injury.

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Use Hand and Power Tools

7. Power Tools
The versatility and efficiency of power-assisted tools makes them the preferred choice for many work
applications. The speed at which power tools operate gives them an advantage over hand tools.
Correct selection, use and inspection of power tools is an important part of your work on site.

This section provides an overview of the power tools most commonly used. The tools described in this
section are limited to work which does not require detailed trade knowledge or skills.

7.1 Power Sources


Power can be supplied by a variety of means including:
• mains power • petrol/diesel generators
• batteries • compressed air/(pneumatic)
• hydraulic pressure • explosive cartridges
• small petrol engines.

Each power source has its own advantages and safety requirements.

NOTE
Check your site's requirements for the use of petrol powered equipment.

7.1.1 Mains Power


An electrical power cable or cord connects the tool to the mains power supply. Before connecting any
electrical tool to a power source, inspect the:
• casing and switch
• lead and plug
• inspection tags are up-to-date
• ventilation holes are clean
• spider boxes.

Make sure that the route for leads and hoses is


clear of all hazards and connections are away Inspect Leads
from water and other conductive materials
Do not:
• use equipment with damaged leads or expired inspection tags
• use double adaptors
• carry or suspend tools by their leads

CAUTION
If a circuit breaker or fuse trips, do not rewire or reset
the breaker until the cause is identified and rectified.

DANGER
Electrical tools can generate sparks and should not be
operated near flammable liquids/gases or explosive
environments. Inspection Tag

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Use Hand and Power Tools

7.1.2 Petrol or Diesel Generators


Portable generators are a common source of
electrical power on small work sites. When
using tools connected to petrol or diesel
generators, observe the following safety
precautions.

• Place the generator on flat dry ground.


• Never operate an internal combustion
engine in a confined space.
• Check that there is at least one metre of
clear space on all sides.
Portable Generator
• Dry your hands before touching the
generator.
• Switch the generator off and allow it to cool down before refuelling.
• Plug the portable power tool directly into the generator.
• Do not use double adapters and spider boxes.

NOTE
You must treat the power supplied from a portable generator with the same caution and
respect you would give to mains power.

7.1.3 Batteries
Cordless tools are powered by batteries. These Speed Range

© www.pertrain.com.au
batteries must be recharged on a regular basis. Clutch Switch

Observe the following precautions when using


18 20 22

cordless power tools.


16

• R
echarge a cordless tool and its battery with
Chuck Jaws Forward/
the specified charging unit.
Keyless Chuck Reverse
• C
harging should be done in a safe dry Switch
Trigger
environment. Hand
• Unless the batteries are removed, the tool Grip
can function at any time when the switch is
turned on.
• R
emove batteries or lock the switch before Battery
changing accessories and adjusting or
18V
cleaning tools.
Battery-powered Cordless Drill
• Avoid exposing the battery pack to moisture.
• D
o not touch the terminals with any conductive material or store the battery pack in a container
with metal objects such as wire, nails or coins.

CAUTION
Battery packs can explode in a fire.

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Use Hand and Power Tools

7.3 Inspecting and Using Power Tools


Follow site procedures and manufacturer instructions to safely and efficiently use power tools. Use
the instructions and directions to use the tool safely and efficiently. Confirm that the power tools are
connected to the appropriate power supply, and all guards are fitted securely.
CAUTION
Use the correct PPE when using power tools.

Power Tool Group Examples Inspection Use

Saws • Circular saw • All guards are in Cut timber or metal to


• Jig saw place. length.
Handle Switch
Saw Motor
• Reciprocating saw • Saw for cleanliness
Some saws are
and damage.
Bevel • Cut off saw able to cut intricate
Adjustment
• Cutting blade for patterns into a range
• Chain saw
distortion and of materials.
© www.pertrain.com.au

damage.
Blade Guard Foot
• Cutting teeth for
CAUTION
Circular Saw correct cutting angle
Keep hands and
and sharpness.
fingers away from the
• Power cord for cutting blade.
abrasion and
damage.
• Electrical inspection
tag for correct
inspection date.

Drills • Hand drill • All guards and chuck Drill holes in material.
Speed Selector • Drill press key are in place.
© www.pertrain.com.au

Switch
Some drills can be
Chuck
• Cordless drill/ • Inspect the drill for
used as screwdrivers
screwdriver cleanliness and
for tightening/
16182022

damage.
Torque • Pneumatic wrench loosening large nuts
Adjustment Cooling • Select the correct
Collar Vent
and bolts.
Trigger Switch
speed and direction
Hand
of rotation.
Grip
CAUTION
• Inspect the chuck
Pistol Grip Electric Drill Ensure hair and loose
and drill bit for
clothing cannot be
security and
caught in rotating
damage.
equipment.
• Inspect the power
cord or hose for
abrasion and
damage.
• Electrical inspection
tag for correct
inspection date.

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Use Hand and Power Tools

Power Tool Group Examples Inspection Use

Sanders • Belt sander • All guards are in Remove wood, metal


• Orbital sander place. or other material to

© www.pertrain.com.au
• Sander for allow correct fit or
• Reciprocating
cleanliness and finish.
sander
damage.
• Disc sander Select the correct
• Select the correct speed and abrasive
speed and abrasive material for the finish
Belt Sander
material. required.
• Abrasive pad/sand
paper for security
CAUTION
and damage.
Ensure that there is
• Power cord or hose adequate ventilation
for abrasion and when conducting
damage. sanding activities.
• Electrical inspection
tag for correct
inspection date.

Grinders • Angle grinder • All guards are in Remove metal or


“Deadman” No cracks in • Die grinder place. other material to allow
© www.pertrain.com.au

switch casing correct fitment or


automatically • Bench grinder • Grinder for
Casing
returns to OFF screws cleanliness and finish.
intact
damage
Grip handle • Correct grinding CAUTION
is secure wheel or die for the Never use cut off
Guard is No more than material. wheels for grinding.
secure 150 degree
exposure of • Wheel or die
the wheel for security and
Typical Angle Grinder damage.
• Power cord or hose
for abrasion and
damage.
• Electrical inspection
tag for correct
inspection date.

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Use Hand and Power Tools

11. Terms and Acronyms


The following are terms commonly used on some sites. Space is provided over the page for you to
add terms and acronyms common to your site.

Term Meaning

Job Safety Analysis A risk management process that focuses on job tasks to identify hazards
(JSA) before they occur, assess the risk of the hazards and determine suitable
controls to manage the risks.

A JSA:

• must be completed before a high risk task commences


• is a written record that could be used in a court of law if a serious
incident occurs in the workplace
• must be signed off by all parties who have responsibility for the work
to be performed under the JSA.

Also called a Job Step Analysis (JSA), Job Safety and Environment Analysis
(JSEA) or Job Hazard Analysis (JHA).

Permits Permits are required for certain jobs that have exceptionally high risk
potential. Some permits that could be used on site include Hot Work Permit,
Permit to Dig/Penetrate, Confined Space and Work at Heights Permit.

Site Procedures Site procedures can be called a Standard Work Procedure (SWP), Safe
Work Instruction (SWI) or your site procedures. Site procedures are a legal
requirement and outline the workplace method and processes for carrying
out tasks safely and in an environmentally sustainable way. They are easy
to understand, step-by-step instructions on how to perform the task. Site
procedures contain detailed information such as:

• a description of the task


• a list of tools and equipment required
• information on known hazards associated with the task
• risk controls, including training requirements
• sequential steps necessary to perform the task safely
• reference to applicable OHS acts, regulations and policies.

Safe Work Method A SWMS documents a process for identifying and controlling health and
Statement (SWMS) safety hazards and risks. A SWMS must be prepared for all high-risk
activities and contains detailed information such as:

• the type of high risk work to be performed


• associated hazards and risks
• risk management controls to be put in place
• how the risk controls will be implemented, monitored and reviewed.

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Use Hand and Power Tools

Term Meaning

NOTE
If you hear a term or acronym that you are unfamiliar with, ask your supervisor or
co-workers what it means and add it to this list.

Page 34 © www.pertrain.com.au — J/N 9292-4G — November, 2016


Postal Office
P +61 7 5445 2233 PO Box 713 8 Ure Court
F +61 7 5445 2245 Buderim Qld 4556 Buderim Qld 4556
E [email protected] Australia Australia

Copyright © 2014 Pertrain Pty Limited. All rights reserved.

www.pertrain.com.au

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