Grammar reference Starter Unit be respuestas cortas Have |!'90t2 dog? | Yes, have, | No, Ihaven't you got a dog? | Yes, you have. | No, you haven't contraccién he gota dog? | Yes,he has | No, he hasn't Has | she got a dog? | Yes, she has. | No, she hasn't lam Im Tamnot | lmnot itgotadog? | Yes,ithas. _| No, ithasn. Youare | You'e You arenot_| You aren't ‘we got adog? | Yes, we have. | No, we haven't. He/She/ | Hes/Shes/|He/She/ | He/She/ Have | you got a dog? | Yes, you have. | No, you haven't eis Its Itisnot | itisa’ ‘they got a dog? | Yes, they have. | No, they haven't We/You/ | We're/You're/| We/ Yous | We/You/ They are | Theyre They are not | They aren't ‘+ Para formular preguntas se utiliza have + sujeto + + Se.utlize be para nombraro describic Heis American. Eles estadounidense. They rered flowers, Son flores rojas. * En las conversaciones, se tiende a emplear formas contraidas We're from London. Somos de Londres. She's 14, Tiene 14-afos. * Para formar el negativo, se afiade not después de be. Normalmente se contrae not (n‘t). afirmativa negativa ‘Am Lright? Yes, lam No, Fim not, ‘Are youright? | Yes, youare. | No, you aren't, Ishe/she /itright?| Yes, he/she/itis, | No, he/she/it isnt ‘Arewe/you/ | Yes, we/yous | No, we/ you/ they they right? they are. aren't + Alhacer preguntas invertimos el orden de las palabras y be se sitia antes de! sujeto. ‘Are you cousins? (x Yeware cousins?) sSois primos? have got a + Se.utliza have got para hablar sobre posesion, + Enlas conwersaciones, se Suelen emplear formas contraidas He's got. anew mobile. Tiene un mévil nuevo. + Para formar e! negativo, se ahade n‘t (not) después de have y antes de got. She hasn't got a big family. muy grande. No tiene una fami ® Grammar reference got + objeto ‘+ En inglés conversacional se utlizan respuestas cortas. A:Has shegotasister? A: ,Tiene una hermana? B:Si. B:Yes, she has. there is/there are Sr There isn't a nema, There aren't any books. FEENEY theres av. co Yes, there is SETI (s there a cinema? No, there isn Yes, there ate Are there any apples? yare No, there aren't Se puede utlizar there islare para hablar de la posicin ola existencia de objeto Para formar el negalivo se aftade n't después de is oare. + En as preguntas, se camibia el orden de las palabras y be se coloca ante de there. can/can’t I/You/He/She/ | can I/We You/ They | sing You / He / She / I/We You/ They «can't speak Chinese ‘+ Seuttiza can para expresar capacidad y permis. She can snowboard Gabe surfear ena nieve They can go to the party on Saturday night. Pueden ir ala festa del sdbado por la noche La tercera persona (he/shelit) no termina ens. Para hacer preguntas se cambia el orden de las palabras. Can|go tothe toilet, please? 3Puedoir al bafio?Grammar practice be 1 Geddthe correct words Tason ()/ am my cousin, vam /is 12 years od We sare fom Glasgove iy teachers are Me Wise You is / are in my class. Iris /are windy too 2 Complete the sentences with the negative form of be. Use contractions. 1 They__aren't from Italy. 2 She my teacher, 31 12 years old 4 We in your class. 5 You late, 6 It cold today. 3. Write the questions. 1 How/you/old/? How old are you? 2 What / your name /? 3 Where/he from/? 4 she/a student /? 5 they/in your class /? 6 we/late/? have got 4 Edin core options. “ve got three cats. a He, b She © They 2 hasn't got brown hair. a He b You « They 3 ‘ve gota blue Tshirt at b she et 4 "ve got an exam tomorrow. a He b We © She 5 ' got a new computer. a lisa b Maxandlisa ¢ They 6 haven't gota big house. a She b Mytriend They 98 5 Write questions and short answers with have got about the people in the table. Pe fate tt x v Lisa and Jack v v x x 1 Has Anna got a bike 2 No she hasn't 2 3 2 4 5 6 there is/there are 6 Tick the correct column. I v a table. some books, some desks ‘a bookshelf a computer, some flowers can/can’t 7 Complete the sentences with the correct form of can and a verb from the box. go make open play speak 1 |_ean'tplay rugby. (x) 2 Isabel abike. ¥) 3 They Spanish. () 4 Mymum really good pizzas. (V) 5 Tim and Sara 0 the party. (x) 6 We his box. (x) cramarracaeaGrammar reference Unit 1 Presente simple: afirmativa y negativa ike chat shows. You like chat shows He / She / Tc kes chat shows, We / You / They like chat shows * Se utiliza el presente simple para expresar hechos, habitos y rutinas. We don't live in the city centre. No vivimos en el centro de la ciudad She goes to school at 8.30 am. Vaal colegio alas 8.30 dela mafiana. Ortografia: tercera persona + La tercera persona del singular (helshelit) del presente simple acaba en -s. speak he speaks hablar ~ élhabla put-she puts poner~ ella pone + Cuando un verbo termina en consonante + y, se sustituye la y por -ies para las formas helshelit. fy-itfies volar-vuela cary she carries \levar~ ella lleva * Cuando un verbo termina ens, -55-sh, -ch, xy -0 se afiade -es, misses plerde washes lava watches mira You don’t (do not) like relaxes serelaja does hace westerns + La negativa del presente simple se forma con el sujeto + don’t (do not) + infinitivo. I don’t speak French. No hablo francés. + Para la tercera persona se utiliza doesn’t (does not). He doesn't like cartoons. Nole gustan los dibujos animados. Raverbios de frecuencia always usually often sometimes __never a 100% 0% ® Grammar reference + Los adverbios de frecuencia se utiizan para indicar la frecuencia con la que hacemos algo. Van después del verbo be y antes de los otros verbos principales Imneverlate. Nuncallego tarde. He always does his homework. Siempre hace los deberes. like, love, hate + ing + Después de love, ke, don't ike, hate y don’t mind se utiliza la forma -ing de los verbos. Hove watching comedy films, Me encanta ver peliculas de humor. + Detrds de estos verbos también se pueden utilizar nombres directamente. He doesn't lke soap operas. Nole gustan los culebrones. Presente simple: preguntas con respuesta del tipo si/no erry afirmativa watch cartoons? | Yes, do. you watch cartoons? | Yes, you do. he watch cartoons? | Yes, he does. Does | she watch cartoons? | Yes, she does. itwatch cartoons? _| Yes, it does. negativa No, I don't No, you dont No, he doesn't No, she doesn. No, it doesn't. Do ‘we watch cartoons? | Yes, we do, | No, we don’t Do you watch cartoons? | Yes, you do, | No, you don't. they watch cartoons? | Yes, they do, | No, they don't ‘+ Para formular preguntas con respuesta del tipo si/no se utiliza do / does + sujeto + infinitivo. + Para responder se utiizan respuestas cortas con do/ does, y no se repite el verbo principal A: Do youlike westerns? A; 40s gustan las peliculas del oeste? B: Yes, wedo. (x Yes, welike,) B: Si Presente simple: preguntas con particulas interrogativas iron i do |you | study? does [she | ike? does [he | study? When do [they | play? ‘+ Para formular preguntas con particulas interrogativas se hace asi: particula interrogativa + do / does + sujeto + verbo. What time do you finish school? Aqué hora sales del colegio?Grammar practice Present simpl negative 1 Complete the table with the correct verbs in the third person. : affirmative and (y kenow relax stay try watch 2. Complete the sentences form of the verbs in brackets. 1) Marta and Maria like _ horror films. (lke) Micky cartoons. (love) present simple 2 3 We to the cinema on Saturdays. (go) 4a film magazines. (read) 5. My friend a film blog. (write) 6 They popcorn during films. (eat) 3. Write sentences with the present simple. 1. We / not lke / martial arts films We don't like martial arts films. 0 like, love, hate + -ing 5 Write sentences with like, love, hate and don't mind + -ing. 1. I love / watch / soap operas ove watching soap operas. 2 Jason /not mind / get up / early 3. We /like /go//to the cinema 4 My dad / hate / listen / to the radio 5 Haley /not mind / wait /for her friends 6 Jess and Nick/love / talk / about Present simple: Yes/No questions 6 Write Yes /No questions and short answers. 1 Sally / like historical films /? (V) Does Sally like historical films? Yes she does. 2 Martin / watch comedies /? (x) 2 Harry /not watch / chat shows 3. you talk about films with your friends /? (x) 3 I/read/ film blogs 4 your brother and sister / go to the cinema/? (¥) 4 My friends / not go//to the cinema 5. they /have lots of films on this channel /? (7) Julia / enjoy / comedies Present simple: Wh- questions 6 They/not buy / DVDs . 7 Write the question for each answer. 1 What do you st. 2 Adverbs of frequency 9 (users 4 Ga the conect words He ives in New Yor 1. Mike GhiwayS doed\/ does always his homework 3 ? in ont ofthe TV. They get home in the afternoon, 2 They often are / are often busy at the weekend. 4 ? 3. Gina and Martin usually watch / watch usually iwaich TV every evening corned 5 4 I sometimes get / get sometimes DVDs from [igo to the cinema with my sister. the ibrry ‘ 5. My sister never is /is never late for a film, 6 We usually rent / rent usually films. She likes horror and war films. cramnarracaeaGrammar reference Unit 2 Presente continuo: afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa Paina Tres im eating I'm not eating You're eating You'te not eating, He/She / ts eating He/She / isn’ eating We/ Yous Theyre eating | We/ You/ They aren't eating * Se utiliza el presente continuo para hablar sobre acciones que estén sucediendo en el momento en que hablamos + La forma afirmativa se construye utilzando sujeto + be + verbo + -ing. + Para la forma negativa, se afade not despues de be y antes del verbo con -ing. Normalmente se contrae not. Ortografia: forma -ing. * Con la mayoria de los verbos, se afiade -ing al infiniti. see ~ sezing ver= viendo watch-watching ——mirar- mirando + Con los verbos terminados en -e, se elimina la -e y se afade -ing, have ~ having tener-teniendo write - writing escribir - escribiendo * Con los verbos que terminan en vocal + consonante, se duplica la consonante y se afiade -ing. get ~ getting obtener ~ obteniendo un = running correr ~ corriendo cet sujeto | verbo + -ing ee 5 Am |l spending? = he/she /it | shopping? - we listening? = you watching? they skating? ‘Who is she meeting? a Yes, [he/she /it No, |he/she/itisn’t we / you / they are ‘we /you / they aren't @ Grammar reference * Para hacer preguntas se utiliza be + sujeto + verbo + “ing. © En las respuestas cortas no se utiliza el verbo + -ing. Presente simple y presente continuo + Se utiliza el presente simple para expresar hechos, habitos y rutinas y a menudo va acompafiado de adverbios de frecuencia. + Seutiliza el presente continuo para hablar sobre acciones que estan sucediendo en el momento en que hablamos. Se utiliza at the moment y (right) now con el presente continuo. Nombres contables e incontables La mayoria de nombres son contables, lo que significa aque se pueden contar de forma individual. Tienen forma singular y forma plural. + Seutiiza a con los nombres contables en singular que tempiezan con consonante ‘+ Se-utiiza an con los nombres contables en singular {que empiezan con vocal + Algunos nombres son incontables, lo que significa que rno se pueden contar de forma individual. No tienen forma plural some, any, a lot of, much/many a Co ECNTEMN I've got some/alot | ve got some/a lot of sweets, of homework. There aren't any/ | There isn't ary/ much / many / lot of sweets alt of homework. Eremerngigy Ae there any /many /| Is there any / much / alotofsweets? | alot of homework? How many sweets | How much are there? homework is there? conor) + Some y any exptesan una cantidad indefinida, Se utllzan junto con nombres contables en plural y ‘nombres incontables, Normalmente some se utiliza en frases afirmativas y any en frases negativas & interrogativas. + Seuttliza a fot of en frases afiematvas, negativas © interrogativas tanto con nombres en plural como con incontables ‘+ Seutliza much en frases negativas con nombres incontables ‘+ Seuttliza many en frases negativas con nombres contables. ‘+ Seuttliza how many en preguntas con nombres contables en plural y how much en preguntas con nombres incontables,Grammar practice Present continuous: affirmative, negative and questions 11 Complete the table with the correct verbs in the -ing form. do get look make run write remove the -e | double the consonant Eee eee) 2. Complete the sentences with the present continuous form of the verbs in brackets. 1 Lots of people are shopping in the mall today. (shop) 21 for a new dress. (look) 3) Mymum a book in the café. (read) 4 She coffee, (not drink) 5 My brother a computer game. (play) 6 We a lot of money. (not spend) 3. Write present continuous questions and short answers about the people in the table. Pst nena | us anne ? 3 Who/ she/ meet /? 4 What /Jenny / watch /? 5 Why/we / wait /? 6 What /Joe/wear/? Present simple and present continuous 5. Complete the sentences with the correct verbs in the present simple or present continuous form. buy notdo drink eat nottalk visit We reeating _ pizza right now. 1 my homework at the moment. They often the mall on Saturdays Lisa usually orange juice for breakfast, My mum sometimes books in that shop. Joe (on his mobile right now. Countable and uncountable nouns 6 Tick the correct column. Tina and Neil v x money v Mark x x time book 41 ls Pablo visiting the mall ? ne No ,__he isn't. e 2 > music eo café 3? 4 ? some, any, a lot of, much/many 5 5 7 Complete the sentences with words in the box. 4. write the questions. 1. What /you / buy/? What are you buying 2 Where /they / go /? (any many much lot some 62) 1 Ihaven’t got__much time, Only 5 minutes, 2. I've got chocolate in my bag. 3 There area ‘of people in the mall 4 How bags have you got? 5 They haven't got money, Nothing! 6 Suzanne is buying new trainers erammnarracaee