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Japanese Architecture

The document discusses the key influences on traditional Japanese architecture, including geographical, geological, climatic, historical, social and religious factors. Some of the main points are: - Japan's geography including coastal locations influenced architectural designs. Earthquakes also impacted building development. - Bamboo and volcanic stone were commonly used construction materials. Stone was used for foundations while timber was used above. - Buddhism became established in the 6th century AD and feudalism developed social hierarchies in the 13th century. - Traditional houses had timber construction with flat, tiled roofs and projected eaves to protect from sun and winds. Refinement and decorative carving were notable features.

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Xlyth Rodriguez
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150 views42 pages

Japanese Architecture

The document discusses the key influences on traditional Japanese architecture, including geographical, geological, climatic, historical, social and religious factors. Some of the main points are: - Japan's geography including coastal locations influenced architectural designs. Earthquakes also impacted building development. - Bamboo and volcanic stone were commonly used construction materials. Stone was used for foundations while timber was used above. - Buddhism became established in the 6th century AD and feudalism developed social hierarchies in the 13th century. - Traditional houses had timber construction with flat, tiled roofs and projected eaves to protect from sun and winds. Refinement and decorative carving were notable features.

Uploaded by

Xlyth Rodriguez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JAPANESE

ARCHITECTURE
INFLUENCES
GEOGRAPHICAL
❑ Japan,with its principal island, Honshiu,
and attendant island to north and south,
lies off the eastern coast of Asia, which is
separated by the sea of Japan.

❑ The eastern shores of


Japan is bounded by Pacific
Ocean.
INFLUENCES
GEOLOGICAL
❑ The earth quakes in Japan has effect building
development practically Japan is rugged hill
country and four fifths of the area is occupied by
forest and wild vegetation.

❑ Bamboo is plentiful, and extensively used in


building. Stone is mainly of volcanic origin.

❑ Stone is used for foundation work, for the lower


portions of walling, which would beerected an
upper timber structure.
INFLUENCES
HISTORICAL, SOCIAL & RELIGIOUS
❑ During Suiko period (A.D. 522-645) Buddhism
became firmly established.

❑ Feudalism, in the 13th century recognized 3


groups:

i. The Emperor and nobles


ii. The Shoguns with military caste
iii. The people
INFLUENCES
HISTORICAL, SOCIAL & RELIGIOUS
❑ Under Tokugawa dynasty (1603-1868) Emperors emphasized and actively promulgated after
continual strife, which resulted civil war, the last Shoguns
resigned in 1867.

❑ A constitution was formed in 1890 which recognized the rights of people


.
❑ For almost 200 years,Japan was closed to the outside world.

❑ Shinto was Chinese name for indigenous polydemonism which existed in Japan before
introduction of Buddism.
INFLUENCES
CLIMATIC
❑ Japan is influenced by a cold
airstream from Asia in winter,
and by warm moist air from
pacific in summer.

❑ Houses, face south projecting


eaves to give protection against
sun,while high courtyard walls
screen the northern cold winds
of winter.
ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER
❑ The architecture of Japan was derived
from China, but maintained its own
special characteristics of lightness as
delicacy.

❑ Refinement in Japanese architecture is


combined with carving and decoration
which is noticable in timber construction.

❑ Flat terrace roof that are dominant to


form contrast from Middle east and India.
Kinkaku-ji, Kyoto, originally built in 1397
(Muromachi period)
ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER
❑ 'Iramoya gable' at the upper part of roof while the
lower part of roof is in a hipped form.

❑ Roof covering can be thatch, shingles or tiles.

❑ Column that found in temples or gateway is


followed from Chinese form.

❑ 'Ken' is known as standard measurement of


intercolumniation.

❑ 'Yariganna' is used to split timber and beautify it.

The roof is the dominant feature of


traditional Japanese architecture.
EARLY JAPANESE ARCHITECTURE
Jomon period
• The earliest period of Japan lasted
from around 13000 BC to 300 BC.

• Dwellings were built directly over an


earth floor with a wood foundation
and a thatched straw roof.

• Inside the house, the floor may


have been hollowed in, which is why The typical Jomon house was
Jomon Period houses are often pit house that had a main pillar,
called "pit dwellings". whose hole was dug the widest
and deepest into the ground, that
was surrounded by other wooden
upright supporting posts.
EARLY JAPANESE ARCHITECTURE
Yayoi period
• The Yayoi Period lasted from around 300 BC to 300
AD.

• Characterized by the start of widespread rice farming,


resulting in the appearance of permanent settlements
with bigger populations.

• Communities became organized in villages as a whole,


with areas demarcated for granaries, storehouses and
living quarters.

• Houses were built on stilts to keep away pest.


Structures such as village fences and watch towers were
applied
JAPANESE SHRINE

❑ Shinto shrines are places of worship and the


dwellings of the kami, the Shinto "gods".

❑ Sacred objects of worship that represent the kami are


stored in the innermost chamber of the shrine where
they cannot be seen by anybody

Japan Travel Centre


Tsuwano Old Town & Taikodani Inari
Shrine /
JAPANESE SHRINE

❑ Shinto shrines are places of worship and the


dwellings of the kami, the Shinto "gods".

❑ Sacred objects of worship that represent the kami are


stored in the innermost chamber of the shrine where
they cannot be seen by anybody

Japan Travel Centre


Tsuwano Old Town & Taikodani Inari
Shrine /
JAPANESE SHRINE
Torii

One or more torii gates mark the approach and entrance


to a shrine. They come in various colors and are made
of various materials. Most torii, however are made of
wood, and many are painted orange and black.
TORII TYPES
JAPANESE/BUDDHIST TEMPLE

❑ Buddhist temples, together with Shinto shrines, are


considered to be amongst the most numerous, famous,
and important religious buildings in Japan.
❑ The shogunates or leaders of Japan have made it a
priority to update and rebuild Buddhist temples since the
Momoyama period.

❑ Such famous temples as Kiyomizu-dera, Enryaku-ji,


Higashi Hongan-ji in Kyoto
and Kōtoku-in are temples which use the described
naming pattern.
JAPANESE/BUDDHIST TEMPLE
JAPANESE/BUDDHIST TEMPLE
JAPANESE PAGODA
❑ A pagoda is a tiered tower with projecting roofs.
And since it is most often a Buddhist form of
building, you can find pagodas at a number of
Japan’s temples.

❑ There are various kinds, so you may find a


three-story pagoda such as the one at Ichijo-ji
Temple in Hyogo prefecture, a five-story pagoda
like the one at Toji Temple in Kyoto, and even a
thirteen-story pagoda at Tanzan Shrine in Nara
(this Shinto shrine was a Buddhist temple when
it was built),among many others.
The Five-Storied Pagoda of the Senso-
ji Complex
JAPANESE PAGODA
JAPANESE CASTLE

Matsumo Castle
JAPANESE HOUSE
It is 2 1/8 inches in thickness, 6
feet in length, and 3 feet in width.

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