1. The recent monsoon rains have posted a nearly uniform 1.

1. The recent monsoon rains have posted a nearly uniform

rainfall intensity of 30 mm/hr over a 1,500-hectare watershed rainfall intensity of 30 mm/hr over a 1,500-hectare
area in Central Luzon. If the runoff coefficient is 0.15, what is watershed area in Central Luzon. If the runoff coefficient is
the runoff in m3 /sec? 0.15, what is the runoff in m3/sec?
a. 18.75 b. 187.5
c. 1.87 d. 1.875 a. 18.75 b. 187.5
c. 1.87 d. 1.875

Q = ciA = (0.15)(30 mm/hr)(1m/1000 mm)

x (1,500 has)(10,000 m/ha) x (hr/3600 sec)
= 18.75 m3/sec

2.Difference in moisture content of soil 2.Difference in moisture content of soil

between field capacity and permanent between field capacity and permanent
wilting point. wilting point.
a. Available moisture a. Available moisture
b. Reality available moisture b. Reality available moisture
c. Irrigation water requirement c. Irrigation water requirement
d. Saturation capacity d. Saturation capacity

3.The sum total of water lost in a given area 3.The sum total of water lost in a given area
thru transpiration from plants, evaporation thru transpiration from plants, evaporation
from soil and water surface and for from soil and water surface and for
building tissues of plants. building tissues of plants.
a. Consumptive use a. Consumptive use
b. Deep percolation b. Deep percolation
c. Runoff c. Runoff
d. Seepage d. Seepage
 4. An artesian well has a diameter of 10 cm. Under steady 4. An artesian well has a diameter of 10 cm. Under steady
state condition, what is the expected discharge (lps) if the state condition, what is the expected discharge (lps) if the
drawdown is 2.5 m and the radius of influence is 120 m? drawdown is 2.5 m and the radius of influence is 120 m?

m/day and 4 m, respectively. m/day and 4 m, respectively.

2 kt(he hw)
Q=
ln(re rw)
2 (75 m)(4 m)(2.5 m) x 1000 li x day
day 86,400 sec
ln(120/.05)

= 7.01 lps

5.Water held by forces of surface tension 5.Water held by forces of surface tension
and continuous film around soil particles is and continuous film around soil particles is
termed as termed as
a. Hygroscopic water a. Hygroscopic water
b. Gravitational water b. Gravitational water
c. Capillary water c. Capillary water
d. Sea water d. Sea water

6.Small water impounding management 6.Small water impounding management

(SWIM) projects, in general, are those (SWIM) projects, in general, are those
small scale water impounding dams small scale water impounding dams
which have structural heights of not which have structural heights of not
more than. more than.
a. 45 m a. 45 m
b. 50 m b. 50 m
c. 30 m c. 30 m
d. 100 m d. 100 m
 7. An irrigation engineer, in his study, was able to establish that 7. An irrigation engineer, in his study, was able to establish that
the irrigation requirement of crop XYZ is 6.5 mm/day. If the the irrigation requirement of crop XYZ is 6.5 mm/day. If the
rootzone depth was estimated at 2 in. on the average, what rootzone depth was estimated at 2 in. on the average, what
should be the design discharge of a canal to be able to deliver should be the design discharge of a canal to be able to deliver
the 5-day requirement of a 10-ha farm in 24 hours? the 5-day requirement of a 10-ha farm in 24 hours?
Qt = Ad: A = 10 ha, d = (6.5 mm/day) x (5 days) = 32.5 mm
Q = Ad/t: t = 24 hours

10 ha x 10,000 m2 x .0325 m x 1000 li

ha m3
Q= x hr
24 hrs 3600 sec

= 37.62 lps

An irrigation engineer is to irrigate a crop planted in furrows of An irrigation engineer is to irrigate a crop planted in furrows of
100m x 100m area. It was found out that the inflow rate is 0.5 100m x 100m area. It was found out that the inflow rate is 0.5
lps per 100 m. If he decides to have a furrow spacing of 50 cm lps per 100 m. If he decides to have a furrow spacing of 50 cm
and an application depth of 100 mm, determine: and an application depth of 100 mm, determine:
8. The time of irrigating each furrow. 8. The time of irrigating each furrow.
a. 2.78 hrs b. 555.55 hrs a. 2.78 hrs b. 555.55 hrs
c. 27.8 hrs d. 2,000,000 sec c. 27.8 hrs d. 2,000,000 sec
Total time to irrigate the whole field, T = Ad/Q
A = 100m x 100m = 10,000 m2 ; d = 100 mm = .1 m
Q = (0.5 lps/100m) x 100 m = 0.5 lps

10,000 m2 x 0.1 m x 1000 li

m3
T= = 555.56 hrs
0.5 li x 3600 sec
sec hr

An irrigation engineer is to irrigate a crop planted in furrows of An irrigation engineer is to irrigate a crop
100m x 100m area. It was found out that the inflow rate is 0.6
lps per 100 m. If he decides to have a furrow spacing of 50 cm planted in furrows of 100m x 100m area. It
and an application depth of 100 mm, determine: was found out that the inflow rate is 0.6
8. The time of irrigating each furrow. lps per 100 m. If he decides to have a
a. 2.78 hrs b. 555.55 hrs furrow spacing of 50 cm and an
c. 27.8 hrs d. 2,000,000 sec application depth of 100 mm, determine:
Total no. of furrows = 100/0.5 = 200 furrows
Time to irrigate each furrow, t = 555.56/200 = 2.78 hours 9. With the above condition, the number of
furrows that can be irrigated at the same
time if the available water supply is 7.5 lps
is a. 37.5 b. 3.75 c. 15 d. 0.07
10.It is the soil moisture allowable depletion 10.It is the soil moisture allowable depletion
of most crops. of most crops.
a. 50% a. 50%
b. 20% b. 20%
c. 80% c. 80%
d. 100% d. 100%

Given the following data: 11.What is the net land soaking

Evapotranspiration = 5 mm/day, Percolation = 2 requirement?
mm/day, Rainfall for November = 200 mm, a. 78 mm/day b. 15.6 mm/day
Effective rainfall for Nov. = 50%, Soil Porosity =
c. 7.8 mm/day d. 0.65 mm/day
60%, Apparent Specific Gravity =1.4, Residual
Soil Moisture = 15%, Rootzone depth = 200mm,
Application efficiency = 75%, Conveyance 12.What is gross land soaking requirement?
efficiency = 80%, Ave. fraction of area covered
a. 17.6 mm/day b. 20.6 mm/day
= 0.5, Dependable flow = 4.5 m/sec, Duration of
c. 22.6 mm/day d. NOTA
land soaking = 5 days.

13.What is the field irrigation requirement 15.What is the diversion requirement?

during land soaking?
a. 3.71 lps/ha b. 2.38 lps/ha
a. 2.23 lps/ha b. 19.27 lps/ha
c. 1.86 lps/ha d. 7.42 lps/ha
c. 166.49 lps/ha d. 22.3 lps/ha

14.What is the farm water requirement?

a. 1.784 lps/ha b. 1.67 lps/ha
c. 2.79 lps/ha d. 2.97 lps/ha
The average soil moisture content of corn field is 20% by weight The average soil moisture content of corn field is 20% by weight
prior to irrigation. Field capacity is 28% by weight. prior to irrigation. Field capacity is 28% by weight.
16.Determine the net application depth if the apparent specific 16.Determine the net application depth if the apparent specific
gravity is 1.40 and the rooting depth is 0.8 m. Management gravity is 1.40 and the rooting depth is 0.8 m. Management
allowable depletion is 50%. allowable depletion is 50%.
a. 44.8 cm b. 4.48 cm a. 44.8 cm b. 4.48 cm
c. 448 cm d. 4.48 mm c. 448 cm d. 4.48 mm

(MAD/100)(FC-CSM)
dnet = x AsD
100
(0.5)(28-20)(1.4)(0.8m)(1000 mm/m)
100
= 44.8 mm or 4.48 cm

17.If the application efficiency in Prob. 16 is 60%, what should be 17.If the application efficiency in Prob. 16 is 60%, what should be
the gross application depth? the gross application depth?
a. 7.47 cm b. 74.7 cm a. 7.47 cm b. 74.7 cm
c. 747 cm d. 7.47 mm c. 747 cm d. 7.47 mm

dgross = dnet/Ea = (4.48 cm)/0.6 = 7.47 cm

18.Calculate the minimum time of application in Prob. 16 if the

furrow intake rate is 8 mm/hr.
a. 10 hrs b. 93.4 hrs
c. 9.34 hrs d. 560.4 min

17.If the application efficiency in Prob. 16 is 60%, what should be 19.What should be the stream size if the area to be irrigated in
the gross application depth? Prob. 16 is 3 ha?
a. 7.47 cm b. 74.7 cm a. 6.66 lps b. 666.5 lps
c. 747 cm d. 7.47 mm c. 66.65 lps d. 6.65 lps

dgross = dnet/Ea = (4.48 cm)/0.6 = 7.47 cm

18.Calculate the minimum time of application in Prob. 16 if the

furrow intake rate is 8 mm/hr.
a. 10 hrs b. 93.4 hrs
c. 9.34 hrs d. 560.4 min

t = dgross/I = (74.7 mm)/(8 mm/hr) = 9.34 hrs

19.What should be the stream size if the area to be irrigated in 20.When was the last irrigation applied if the consumptive use of
Prob. 16 is 3 ha? the corn crop in Prob. 16 has been 5 mm/day?
a. 6.66 lps b. 666.5 lps a. 14.94 days b. 1.5 days
c. 66.65 lps d. 6.65 lps
c. 8.96 days d. 89 days
t = 9.34 hrs; A = 3 has; d = 7.47 cm = .0747 m
Q = Ad/t

3 has x 10,000 m2 x .0747 m x 1000 li

ha m3
Q=
9.34 hrs x (3600 sec x hr)

= 66.65 lps

A concrete lined canal is to convey water over a distance of 250 m

20.When was the last irrigation applied if the consumptive use of
the corn crop in Prob. 16 has been 5 mm/day? from the well to a tomato farm. Drop in elevation is 0.5 m over
the 250 m canal length and roughness coefficient, n, is 0.018.
a. 14.94 days b. 1.5 days
21.Estimate the bottom width of a rectangular canal with a depth
c. 8.96 days d. 89 days of flowing water of 0.25 m if the hydraulic radius is equal to the
area of flow.
Last day of irrigation = dnet /CU a. b = 0.5 m b. b = 50 m
= 44.8 mm/(5 mm/day) c. b = 0.25 m d. b = 25 m
= 8.96 days

A concrete lined canal is to convey water over a distance of 250 m 22.The velocity of water in the canal in Problem 21 is
from the well to a tomato farm. Drop in elevation is 0.5 m over
a. 0.62 m/sec b. 6.2 m/sec
the 250 m canal length and roughness coefficient, n, is 0.018.
c. 62 m/sec d. 0.062 m/sec
21.Estimate the bottom width of a rectangular canal with a depth
of flowing water of 0.25 m if the hydraulic radius is equal to the
area of flow.
a. b = 0.5 m b. b = 50 m
c. b = 0.25 m d. b = 25 m
A = R; P = A/R = A/A = 1
d

b
P = b + 2d
1 = b + 2(0.25)
B=1 2(0.25) = 0.5 m
22.The velocity of water in the canal in Problem 21 is The volume of the soil sample during sampling was 85 cc and
weight after drying in the area was 130g.
a. 0.62 m/sec b. 6.2 m/sec
c. 62 m/sec d. 0.062 m/sec 24. The volume weight of the soil is

n = 0.018; s = (0.5/250); b = 0.5 m; d = 0.25 m a. 1.5 g/cc b. 1.75 g/cc

c. 1/25 g/cc d. nota
A = bd = (0.5)(0.25) = 0.125 m2
R = A = 0.125 m
v = (1/n)R2/3S1/2 = (1/.018)(0.125)2/3(0.5/250)1/2 = 0.62 m/sec

The volume of the soil sample during sampling was 85 cc and

25.The percentage of moisture by weight in Problem 24 if the
weight after drying in the area was 130g. weight of the sample before drying was 145 g.
24. The volume weight of the soil is a. 12.5% b. 10.5%
a. 1.5 g/cc b. 1.75 g/cc c. 9.5% d. 11.5% e. Nota
c. 1/25 g/cc d. nota

b = OD/Vbulk = 130/85 = 1.53 g/cc

25.The percentage of moisture by weight in Problem 24 if the 26.The amount of water in the soil layer of thickness 10 cm in
weight of the sample before drying was 145 g. Problem 24 is
a. 12.5% b. 10.5% a. 1.5 cm b. 1.8 cm
c. 9.5% d. 11.5% e. Nota c. 2.2 cm d. 0.6 cm e. nota
(FW-OD) (145-130)
Pw = x 100 = x 100 = 11.54%
(OD) (130)
26.The amount of water in the soil layer of thickness 10 cm in 27.If the suction lift is 6 m, the suited type
Problem 24 is
a. 1.5 cm b. 1.8 cm
of pump is
c. 2.2 cm d. 0.6 cm e. nota
a. Axial flow b. Centrifugal
As = b/ w = 1.53/1 = 1.53
c. Submersible d. Mixed flow
d = (Pw/100)AsD = (.1154)(1.53)(10 cm) = 1.76 cm

28.The moisture content of the soil when

the tension is 1.5 atmosphere.
a. Wilting point b. Wilting coefficient
c. Field capacity d. Saturation point

27.If the suction lift is 6 m, the suited type 27.If the suction lift is 6 m, the suited type
of pump is of pump is
a. Axial flow b. Centrifugal a. Axial flow b. Centrifugal
c. Submersible d. Mixed flow c. Submersible d. Mixed flow

28.The moisture content of the soil when 28.The moisture content of the soil when
the tension is 1.5 atmosphere. the tension is 1.5 atmosphere.
a. Wilting point b. Wilting coefficient a. Wilting point b. Wilting coefficient
c. Field capacity d. Saturation point c. Field capacity d. Saturation point

29.The discharge of first emitter in a dropper line is 12 lph. What 29.The discharge of first emitter in a dropper line is 12 lph. What
is the allowable minimum discharge in the last emitter? is the allowable minimum discharge in the last emitter?
a. 9.6 lph b. 10.8 lph a. 9.6 lph b. 10.8 lph
c. 10.6 lph d. 9.8 lph e. 10.4 lph c. 10.6 lph d. 9.8 lph e. 10.4 lph

q = 12 0.2(12) = 9.6 lph

30.What is the depth of flowing water in a trapezoidal canal with a 30.What is the depth of flowing water in a trapezoidal canal with a
side slope of 1:1 and base of 1.0 m if the stream velocity is 1 side slope of 1:1 and base of 1.0 m if the stream velocity is 1
mps and the average discharge is 6 cms. mps and the average discharge is 6 cms.
a. 1.0 m b. 2.0 m a. 1.0 m b. 2.0 m
c. 3.0 m d. 4.0 m e. nota c. 3.0 m d. 4.0 m e. nota

1 1
1 1
1 1
A = Q/v = 6/1 = 6 m2 = bd + zd2 = d(1 + d)
d2 + d 6 = 0; (d + 3)(d -2) = 0; d = 2 m

32.The soil has a field capacity and permanent wilting point of 32.The soil has a field capacity and permanent wilting point of
27% and 13%, respectively. What is the readily available 27% and 13%, respectively. What is the readily available
moisture in cm of water per cm of soil if the bulk density is 1.25 moisture in cm of water per cm of soil if the bulk density is 1.25
g/cc? g/cc?
a. 10.25 cm/m b. 17.5 cm/m a. 10.25 cm/m b. 17.5 cm/m
c. 13.12 cm/m d. 14.0 cm/m e. 10.25 cm/m c. 13.12 cm/m d. 14.0 cm/m e. 10.25 cm/m

As = b / w = 1.25/1 = 1.25; D = unit depth of 1 m

RAM = (0.75)(AM)AsD = (0.75)(FC - WP)AsD
= (0.75)(27 13)(1.25)(1) = .1312 m/m = 13.12 cm/m

34.What discharge can be expected from an unconfined well 200 34.What discharge can be expected from an unconfined well 200
mm in diameter if the drawdown is 5 m in an aquifer saturated mm in diameter if the drawdown is 5 m in an aquifer saturated
to a depth of 18 m? Assume the permeability and the radius of to a depth of 18 m? Assume the permeability and the radius of
influence to be 20 m/day and 150 m, respectively. influence to be 20 m/day and 150 m, respectively.
a. 14.3 lps b. 13.8 lps a. 14.3 lps b. 13.8 lps
c. 15.4 lps d. 12.6 lps e. nota c. 15.4 lps d. 12.6 lps e. nota
dw = 200 mm; r = d /2 = 200/2 = 100 mm;
drawdown = 5 m; he = 18 m re = 150 m; k = 20 m/day
Drawdown = he hw : hw = he drawdown = 18 5 = 13 m
k(he 2 hw2) (20 m/day)(182 132)m2
Q= = 1,331.73 m3/day
ln(re/rw) ln(150/.1)

= 1,331.73 m3 x 1000 li x day

= 15.41 lps
day m3 86,400 sec
36.What is the term for capillary water in the 36.What is the term for capillary water in the
smaller pore space of the soil? smaller pore space of the soil?
a. Interception b. Depression storage a. Interception b. Depression storage
c. Basin recharge d. Soil moisture c. Basin recharge d. Soil moisture
37.What is the term for water that
penetrates into the soil and flows laterally
in the surface soil to a stream channel?
a. Runoff b. interflow
c. Percolation d. All of the above

36.What is the term for capillary water in the 38.What is the term for the rate of surface
smaller pore space of the soil? runoff and the rate of rainfall to reach an
equilibrium?
a. Interception b. Depression storage
c. Basin recharge d. Soil moisture a. runoff coefficient b. infiltration rate
c. overflow d. time of concentration
37.What is the term for water that
penetrates into the soil and flows laterally
in the surface soil to a stream channel?
a. Runoff b. interflow
c. Percolation d. All of the above

38.What is the term for the rate of surface 38.What is the term for the rate of surface
runoff and the rate of rainfall to reach an runoff and the rate of rainfall to reach an
equilibrium? equilibrium?
a. runoff coefficient b. infiltration rate a. runoff coefficient b. infiltration rate
c. overflow d. time of concentration c. overflow d. time of concentration
39.What is the line defined by the water 39.What is the line defined by the water
level in a group of artesian wells? level in a group of artesian wells?
a. water table b. piezometric surface a. water table b. piezometric surface
c. specific yield d. nota c. specific yield d. nota
40.What is the maximum water quantity that 40.What is the maximum water quantity that
can be guaranteed during critical period? can be guaranteed during critical period?
a. specific yield b. reservoir yield a. specific yield b. reservoir yield
c. safe yield d. secondary yield c. safe yield d. secondary yield
41. Which dam can only be used in narrow
canyons?
a. Gravity b. Arch
c. Buttress d. earth

48.Which is the best method of irrigation for 48.Which is the best method of irrigation for
irregular topography? irregular topography?
a. flooding b. furrow a. flooding b. furrow
c. sprinkling d. sub-irrigation c. sprinkling d. sub-irrigation
49.Which is the best method of irrigation for 49.Which is the best method of irrigation for
row crops? row crops?
a. flooding b. furrow a. flooding b. furrow
c. sprinkling d. sub-irrigation c. sprinkling d. sub-irrigation

48.Which is the best method of irrigation for 50.Which irrigation method has the best
irregular topography? control of water supplied?
a. flooding b. furrow a. flooding b. furrow
c. sprinkling d. sub-irrigation c. sprinkling d. sub-irrigation
49.Which is the best method of irrigation for
row crops?
a. flooding b. furrow
c. sprinkling d. sub-irrigation
50.Which irrigation method has the best 50.Which irrigation method has the best
control of water supplied? control of water supplied?
a. flooding b. furrow a. flooding b. furrow
c. sprinkling d. sub-irrigation c. sprinkling d. sub-irrigation
51.The locus of the elevation to which water 51.The locus of the elevation to which water
will rise in a piezometric tube. will rise in a piezometric tube.
a. hydraulic gradient b. energy gradient a. hydraulic gradient b. energy gradient
c. Friction gradient d. velocity gradient c. Friction gradient d. velocity gradient

52.The sheet of water which is flowing over 53.The hydraulic radius of a pipe with a
the crest of a dam or weir. diameter of 12 mm.
a. overtop b. nappe a. 3 mm b. 12 mm
c. overflow d. apex c. 6 mm d. 4 mm
53.The hydraulic radius of a pipe with a
diameter of 12 mm.
a. 8 mm b. 12 mm
c. 6 mm d. 4 mm

53.The hydraulic radius of a pipe with a 54.The flow that occurs when the velocity is
diameter of 12 mm. larger than the critical velocity and the
depth is smaller than the critical depth.
a. 3 mm b. 12 mm
c. 6 mm d. 4 mm a. sub-critical b. normal
R = d/4 = 12/4 = 3 mm c. abnormal d. super critical
55.The critical slope is the slope that will 56.The critical depth is a depth flow of a
maintain a uniform and critical flow in a canal at a uniform and critical flow at
canal with constant discharge. When the constant discharge. When the normal
discharge of the canal is 11 cms, width of depth (equal to the critical depth) in a
6 m, side slope, z = 2 and n = 0.025, the canal is 1 m and the bottom width is 6 m,
critical slope is side slope, z = 2 and n = 0.025, the critical
a. 0.0078 b. 0.0025 slope is

c. 0.0017 d. 0.0011 a. 0.005 b. 0.007

c. 0.006 d. 0.008

57.One pipe can fill a tank in 45 min. and 62-65. A developer decided to establish a golf driving range
having a 122m x 183m area. If they decide to start irrigating the
another pipe can fill it in 30 min. If these area using sprinklers under the following conditions:
two pipes are open and a third pipe is Length of lateral = 122 m
drawing water from the tank, it takes 27 Spacing = 18.3 m
Sprinkler spacing = 12.2 m
min. to fill the tank. How long will it take Soil water holding capacity = 120 mm/m
the third pipe alone to empty a full tank? Average rooting depth = 1.0 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Readily available moisture = 45%
a. 48 min b. 54 min Irrigation period = 12 hrs.
Application efficiency = 70%
c. 110.5 min d. 102 min
62. What would be the application rate in mm/hr?
a. 12.86 b. 6.43 c. 0.54 d. 4.5

62 65 A developer decided to establish a golf driving range 63. What is the irrigation interval in days?
having a 122m x 183m area. If they decide to start irrigating the
a. 9 b. 12.86 c. 4.5 d. 6.43
area using sprinklers under the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 122 m
Spacing = 18.3 m
Sprinkler spacing = 12.2 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Water holding capacity = 120 mm/m
Irrigation period = 12 hrs
Average rooting depth = 1.0 m
Application efficiency = 70%
Readily available moisture = 45%

62. What would be the application rate in mm/hr?

a. 12.86 b. 6.43 c. 0.54 d. 4.5
dgross= (RAM)(WHC)(D)/Ea= (.45)(.12 mm/m)(1m)/(.7) = 77.14 mm
i = d /t = 77.14/12 hrs = 6.43 mm/hr
63. What is the irrigation interval in days? 64.What is the sprinkler discharge in lps?
a. 9 b. 12.86 c. 4.5 d. 6.43 a. 398.77 b. 39.88 c. 3.99x104 d. 0.4
I = dnet/ET = 54 mm/(6 mm/day) = 9 days

64.What is the sprinkler discharge in lps? 65.What is the system capacity in lps?
a. 398.77 b. 39.88 c. 3.99x104 d. 0.4 a. 39.87 b. 27.91 c. 0.0279 d. 0.03987
q = sprinkler discharge; a = area irrigated by a sprinkler
a = 18.3 x 12.2 m2
q = adgross/t = (18.3m)(12.2m)(.07714m)/12 hrs = 1.435 m3/hr
= (1.435 m3/hr)(1000 li/m3)(hr/3600 sec) = 0.4 lps

65.What is the system capacity in lps? 66.A principle of English Common Law
a. 39.87 b. 27.91 c. 0.0279 d. 0.03987 which recognizes the right of riparian
Q = Adgross /t = (122m)(183m)(.07714m)/12 hrs = 143.5 m3/hr owner to make reasonable use of
= (143.5 m3/hr)(1000 li/m3)(hr/3600 sec) = 39.87 lps streamflow provided the water is used on
riparian land.
a. Riparian Act
b. Riparian Right
c. Exec. Order on Riparian Right
67.For a dam called SWIM Projects the volume of storage should 67.For a dam called SWIM Projects the volume of storage should
not exceed (in million m3) not exceed (in million m3)
a. 50 b. 75 c. 100 d. 35 a. 50 b. 75 c. 100 d. 35
68.Groundwater as a source of water for plant growth thru 68.Groundwater as a source of water for plant growth thru
capillary action is effective only if the groundwater is? capillary action is effective only if the groundwater is?
a. Above the root zone a. Above the root zone
b. Within the depth from which the major needs of b. Within the depth from which the major needs of
the plants are extracted the plants are extracted
c. Way above the rootzone c. Way above the rootzone
d. all of the above d. all of the above

69. The best way of managing a farm with high water table to 69. The best way of managing a farm with high water table to
obtain optimum yield is obtain optimum yield is
a. Frequent application of high irrigation thru sprinkler during the a. Frequent application of high irrigation thru sprinkler during the
growth season growth season
b. Application of heavy sprinkler irrigation during the rainy season b. Application of heavy sprinkler irrigation during the rainy season
c. Application of large amount of irrigation water by a surface c. Application of large amount of irrigation water by a surface
method during the growing season method during the growing season
d. Non-application of water during the entire period of growing d. Non-application of water during the entire period of
season growing season

70.The sum total of head above the vapor 70.The sum total of head above the vapor
pressure of the liquid being pumped at a pressure of the liquid being pumped at a
given pumping temperature. given pumping temperature.
a. Required net positive suction head a. Required net positive suction head
b. Total dynamic head b. Total dynamic head
c. Pump static head c. Pump static head
d. Total static head d. Total static head
71.The recommended pressure head 71.The recommended pressure head
variation in the lateral between the first variation in the lateral between the first
and the last sprinkler. and the last sprinkler.
a. 20% b. 50% c. 70% d. 100% a. 20% b. 50% c. 70% d. 100%

72.The rate at which water percolates through the 72.The rate at which water percolates through the
soil surface. soil surface.
a. Irrigation b. Drainage coefficient a. Irrigation b. Drainage coefficient
c. Soil permeability d. Infiltration rate c. Soil permeability d. Infiltration rate

73.The most simple form of open-channel 73.The most simple form of open-channel
flow computation is flow computation is
a. unsteady uniform flow a. unsteady uniform flow
b. Steady uniform flow b. Steady uniform flow
c. Steady non-uniform flow c. Steady non-uniform flow
d. Unsteady non-uniform flow d. Unsteady non-uniform flow
74.The part of the dam that releases 74.The part of the dam that releases
surplus of flush flood water which cannot surplus of flush flood water which cannot
be contained in the active storage of the be contained in the active storage of the
reservoir. reservoir.
a. freeboard b. spillway c. gates d. weir a. freeborad b. spillway c. gates d.
weir

75.The most efficient trapezoidal cross 75.The most efficient trapezoidal cross
section. section.
a. width of the bottom= twice the depth a. width of the bottom= twice the depth
b. depth = twice the bottom width b. depth = twice the bottom width
c. width of the bottom = 4x the depth c. width of the bottom = 4x the depth
d. width of the top=2x the sum of sides d. width of the top=2x the sum of sides

76.If the rectangular canal has a base of 0.65 m,

what will be the depth of flow when the
hydraulic radius is equal to the area of flow?

a. 0.418 b. 4.18 c. 0.17 d. 1.7

76. If the rectangular canal has a base of 0.65 m, what will be the The frequent slow application of water to the
depth of flow when the hydraulic radius is equal to the area of
flow? specific rootzone area of the plant is called:

a. 0.418 b. 4.18 c. 0.17 d. 1.7

R =A
a. sprinkler irrigation b. trickle irrigation
c. flooding d. furrow irrigation
R = A/P; P = A/A = 1
P = b + 2d; 1 = 0.65 + 2d; d = (1 0.65)/2 = 0.175 m
The frequent slow application of water to the 78.In an attempt to the groundwater flow of a certain farm, two
parallel canals have to be constructed. It was observed that the
specific rootzone area of the plant is called: impervious layer exist at a depth of 1.9 m below the soil surface
and the soil has a k value of 1.2 m/day. If the water table has to
be maintained at a depth of 0.8 m below the soil surface, what
a. sprinkler irrigation b. trickle irrigation will be the spacing of the drain when the drain level is 1.5 m
c. flooding d. furrow irrigation below the soil. Assume a steady recharge of 2 mm/day.
a. 2.52 m b. 50.20 m c. 5.02 m d. 502 m

78.In an attempt to the groundwater flow of a certain farm, two

parallel canals have to be constructed. It was observed that the 79.A piece of land divided into strips by
impervious layer exist at a depth of 1.9 m below the soil surface small earth bonds usually sloping
and the soil has a k value of 1.2 m/day. If the water table has to
be maintained at a depth of 0.8 m below the soil surface, what uniformly away from the farm channel in
will be the spacing of the drain when the drain level is 1.5 m the direction of water flow:
below the soil. Assume a steady recharge of 2 mm/day.
a. 2.52 m b. 50.20 m c. 5.02 m d. 502 m a. basin b. border c. contour d. furrow
S2 = (4kH/v)(2d + H)
= [(4)(1.2 m/day)(0.7 m)/(0.002 m/day)][(2)(0.4) + 0.7)]
V = 2 mm/day
= 2520 m2
0.7 m
S = 50.2 m 1.5 m k = 1.22 m/day

1.9 m H = 0.7 m

d = 0.4 m

Impermeable layer
S

91.A discharge of 20 lps is equivalent to:

88. Determine the flow from the soil into a 3-m deep drain 120 m
a. 2 m3/hr b. 20,000 m3/hr c. 0.02 li/min d. 72 m3/hr
long when the drains are spaced 45 m apart. The depth of water
table midway between the drain is 1 m below the ground surface.
The tile drain has a diameter of 150 mm and flowing two-thirds full
-4 m/sec.

a. 144 mm/day b. 1.9152 mm/day

c. 14.4 mm/day c. 191.52 mm/day
91.A discharge of 20 lps is equivalent to: 92. Free flow in artesian well occur when
a. 2 m3/hr b. 20,000 m3/hr c. 0.02 li/min d. 72 m3/hr a. the piezometric level is higher than the top of
the well
(20 li/sec)(1 m /1000 li)(3600 sec/hr) = 72 m3/hr
b. the unconfined aquifer is beneath a confined
aquifer
c. permeability is high

d. none of the above

92. Free flow in artesian well occur when

93.Given an irrigation depth of 30 cm and 10 hrs of irrigation time.
a. the piezometric level is higher than the top of Determine the discharge to irrigate a hectare of land.
the well
a. 100 m3/hr b. 10 m3/hr
b. the unconfined aquifer is beneath a confined c. 300 m3/hr d. 50 m3/hr
aquifer
c. permeability is high

d. none of the above

93.Given an irrigation depth of 30 cm and 10 hrs of irrigation time. 94.-97. An undisturbed soil sample 100 cc was gathered from a
Determine the discharge to irrigate a hectare of land. field 2 days after heavy rains when the soil moisture was
expected to be at field capacity. The weight of the fresh sample
a. 100 m3/hr b. 10 m3/hr was 176 g but was reduced to 142 g after oven drying. A
c. 300 m3/hr d. 50 m3/hr second soil sample with a fresh weight and oven dried weight of
Q = Ad/t = 10,000 m2 x (0.3 m)/10 hrs = 300 m3/hr 130 g and 116 g, respectively, was gathered 3 weeks later
when the crop was observed to have a permanently wilted.
94.Determine the bulk density in g/cc.
a. 42 b. 1.42 c. 1.76 d. 17.6
94.-97. An undisturbed soil sample 100 cc was gathered from a 95.Determine the apparent specific gravity.
field 2 days after heavy rains when the soil moisture was
expected to be at field capacity. The weight of the fresh sample a. 1.42 b. 1.42 c. 1.76 d. 17.7
was 176 g but was reduced to 142 g after oven drying. A
second soil sample with a fresh weight and oven dried weight of
130 g and 116 g, respectively, was gathered 3 weeks later
when the crop was observed to have a permanently wilted.
94.Determine the bulk density in g/cc.
a. 42 b. 1.42 c. 1.76 d. 17.6

b = OD/V = (142 g)/100 cc = 1.42 g/cc

95.Determine the apparent specific gravity. 96. Determine the field capacity (dry basis).
a. 1.42 b. 1.42 c. 1.76 d. 17.7 a. 19.32% b. 1.93% c. 23.94% d. 2.39%
As = b / w = 1.42/1 = 1.42

96. Determine the field capacity (dry basis). 97. Determine the wilting point (dry basis).
a. 19.32% b. 1.93% c. 23.94% d. 2.39% a. 1.2% b. 12% c. 10.77% d. 1.08%
(FW OD) (176 142)
FC = x 100 = x 100 = 23.94%
OD 142
 98.In the identification of potential dam sites, which one
97. Determine the wilting point (dry basis).
is not part of the guidelines?
a. 1.2% b. 12% c. 10.77% d. 1.08%
a. high density population to supply the needed
labor
(FW OD) (130 116)
PWP = x 100 = x 100 = 12.07% b. availability of potential service area for
(OD) 116
irrigation, power, domestic water supply, and
flood control
c. availability of a narrow gorge for minimum
earthwork for dam embankment
d. topographic condition providing a wide and
deep reservoir upstream of the damsites

98.In the identification of potential dam sites, which one 99. 100.A crop has a depth of 0.6 m. F.C. and W.P. are 16% and
is not part of the guidelines? 8%, respectively. Bulk density is 1.25 g/cc. The desired
allowable soil moisture deficit is 60% of the allowable moisture
a. high density population to supply the needed and the average c. u. is 6 mm/day.
labor
b. availability of potential service area for
irrigation, power, domestic water supply, and
flood control
c. availability of a narrow gorge for minimum
earthwork for dam embankment
d. topographic condition providing a wide and
deep reservoir upstream of the damsites

99. 100.A crop has a depth of 0.6 m. F.C. and W.P. are 16% and 100.The irrigation interval is:
8%, respectively. Bulk density is 1.25 g/cc. The desired
a. 6 days b. 5 days c. 7 days d. 8 days
allowable soil moisture deficit is 60% of the allowable moisture
and the average c. u. is 6 mm/day.
99.The depth of water to be stored in the rootzone per irrigation is:
a. 3.6 m b. 0.036 m c. 36 mm d. 36 cm
SMD = 60% = 0.6; FC = 16%; WP = 8%; = 1.25 g/cc

A= b/ w = 1.25/1 = 1.25
SMD(FC WP)AsD (.6)(16 8)(1.25)(.6)
d= 100 = 100 = 0.036 m
100.The irrigation interval is: 101. The water pressure within the cells of a
a. 6 days b. 5 days c. 7 days d. 8 days leaf:
I = d/C.U. = (.036 m x 1000 mm/m)/6 mm/day = 6 days
a. vapor pressure b. turgor pressure
c. water pressure d. leaf pressure

102.The artificial application of water to the 102.The artificial application of water to the
soil for the purpose of crop production is: soil for the purpose of crop production is:
a. percolation b.infiltration a. percolation b.infiltration
c. irrigation d. drainage c. irrigation d. drainage

103.-104.You are asked to determine the size of pump to irrigate a 103. The discharge, Q in m3/sec, is:
100m x 100m cropland under the following conditions: a. 2376 b. 2.38 c. 0.02376 d. 23.76
a. Friction head loss along main and lateral, Hm=18.46 ft.
b. Friction head loss along lateral, Hf = 17.6 ft.
c. Elevation between pump and junction of lateral and main,
Hj = 0.75 m
d. Elevation between pump and water surface, Hs = 4.2 m
e. Height of riser, Hr = 25 cm = 0.82 ft.
f. Average operating pressure = 40 psi
g. Lateral is laid on a level ground.
Other data are given as follows:
a. ET = 8 mm/day
b. Percolation = 3 mm/day
c. Irrigation interval = 7 days
d. Irrigation period = 12 hrs
e. Pump efficiency = 80%
f. Irrigation efficiency = 75%
103. The discharge, Q in m3/sec, is:
104.The size of the pump is:
a. 2376 b. 2.38 c. 0.02376 d. 23.76
a. 1.7 hp b. 15.79 hp c. 167.9 hp d. 29 hp
dnet = (ET + Perc.)(Irrig. Int.) = (8+3)mm/day(7 days) = 77 mm
dgross = dnet /Ea = 77/.75 = 102.67 mm
Q = Adgross/t = (100m x 100m)(102.67m)/12 hrs = 85.56 m3/hr
= (85.56 m3/hr) x (hr/3600 sec) = .02367 m3/sec

104.The size of the pump is: 105. The bulk density of a soil is 1.35 g/cc. What is the real
specific gravity?
a. 1.7 hp b. 15.79 hp c. 167.9 hp d. 29 hp
a. 1.35 b. 1 g/cc
h = (40 lbs/in2)(144 in2/ft2)(ft3/62.4 lbs) = 92.31 ft
c. 1.35 g/cc d. could not be determined
TDH = 18.46 + .75(3.28) + 4.2 (3.28) + 0.82 + 92.31 = 128.01 ft
BHP = QTDH/(550 x Ep)
62.4 lbs/ft3)(.02376 m3/sec)(3.28)3ft3/m3 x 128.01 ft
=
(550 ft-lbs/sec-hp) x (.8)
= 15.22 hp

106.A practice to minimize the effect of 106.A practice to minimize the effect of
raindrop erosion: raindrop erosion:
a. mulching b. contour farming a. mulching b. contour farming
c. terracing d. corrugation c. terracing d. corrugation
107. Applying small quantities of water 107. Applying small quantities of water
through a network of tubing is otherwise through a network of tubing is otherwise
known as: known as:
a. drip irrigation b. trickle irrigation a. drip irrigation b. trickle irrigation
c. emitter irrigation d. any of the above c. emitter irrigation d. any of the above
108.Water that moves freely and drains out 108.Water that moves freely and drains out
of the soil is: of the soil is:
a. hygroscopic water b. capillary water a. hygroscopic water b. capillary water
c. gravitational water d. sea water c. gravitational water d. sea water
109.The pressure acting under a gravity 109.The pressure acting under a gravity
dam producing an overturning effect: dam producing an overturning effect:
a. uplift pressure b. downward pressure a. uplift pressure b. downward pressure
c. foundation pressure d. nota c. foundation pressure d. nota

110. It is the most elaborate method of 110. It is the most elaborate method of
computing potential evapotranspiration: computing potential evapotranspiration:
a. Blaney-Criddle b. Jensen-Haise a. Blaney-Criddle b. Jensen-Haise
c. Hargreaves d. Penman c. Hargreaves d. Penman
111.Methods of supplying water in the basin 111.Methods of supplying water in the basin
a. direct supply and cascade supply a. direct supply and cascade supply
b. flooding and pumping b. flooding and pumping
c. sprinkling and dripping c. sprinkling and dripping
d. wild flooding and pressurized supply d. wild flooding and pressurized supply

110. It is the most elaborate method of

112.
computing potential evapotranspiration: ratio=3.5; wetted perimeter, p=14; z=0.5. The velocity of flow
along a trapezoidal canal is:
a. Blaney-Criddle b. Jensen-Haise
a. 8.2 m/s b. 0.82 m/s c. 82 m/s d. 0.082 m/s
c. Hargreaves d. Penman
111.Methods of supplying water in the basin
a. direct supply and cascade supply
b. flooding and pumping
c. sprinkling and dripping
d. wild flooding and pressurized supply
 A deepwell is drilled to irrigate a tomato farm. The capacity of the
112. well is measured with a rectangular weir with complete end
ratio=3.5; wetted perimeter, p=14; z=0.5. The velocity of flow contractions. The weir has a length of 46 cm and the height of
along a trapezoidal canal is: flowing water above the weir crest is 15 cm. Consumptive use of
a. 8.2 m/s b. 0.82 m/s c. 82 m/s d. 0.082 m/s tomato is 4.6 mm/day, depth of rootzone= 60 cm, water holding
capacity of soil=12 cm/m and irrigation efficiency = 70%.
b/d = 3/5; b = (3/5)d
113. Assuming a daily irrigation at 12 hours pumping and
2 2 + 1 = 14 management allowed depletion of 50%, the area in hectares that
14 = 2.836d; d = 14/2.836 = 4.94 m; b = (.6)(4.94) = 2.96 m can be irrigated with this deepwell is:

A = bd + zd2 = (2.96)(4.94) + (.5)(4.94)2 = 26.82 m2 a. 30.25 b. 3.02 c. 302.5 d. 0.3

R = A/P = 26.82/14 = 1.92

V = (1/n)R2/3 S1/2 = (1/.03)(1.92)2/3(.0003)1/2 = 0.89 m/s

114.The thickness of a confined aquifer is 5 m, well diameter=40 114.The thickness of a confined aquifer is 5 m, well diameter=40
cm, radius of influence=250 m, k=10 m/day, height of water in cm, radius of influence=250 m, k=10 m/day, height of water in
the pumping well=1,325 m, height of piezometric surface=1,500 the pumping well=1,325 m, height of piezometric surface=1,500
m. The steady state discharge is: m. The steady state discharge is:
a. 0.89 m3/sec b. 0.089 m3/sec a. 0.89 m3/sec b. 0.089 m3/sec
c. 0.089 lps d. 0.89 lps c. 0.089 lps d. 0.89 lps

2 kt(he hw) 2 (10m/day)(5m)(1,500 1,325)m

Q = ln(r r ) =
e w
ln(250/0.2)(86,400 sec/day

= 0.089 m3/sec

115.If a soil sample is compacted: 115.If a soil sample is compacted:

a. its moisture content decreases a. its moisture content decreases
b. its porosity remains the same b. its porosity remains the same
c. its nutrient content diminishes c. its nutrient content diminishes
d. its bulk density increases d. its bulk density increases

116. The moisture content of the soil when the tension is 1/3
atmosphere:
a. field capacity b. saturation point
c. wilting point d. wilting coefficient
115.If a soil sample is compacted: 117. The other term for gravity well:
a. its moisture content decreases
b. its porosity remains the same a. confined well b. water table well
c. its nutrient content diminishes c. deep well d. well on perched
d. its bulk density increases aquifer

116. The moisture content of the soil when the tension is 1/3
atmosphere:
a. field capacity b. saturation point
c. wilting point d. wilting coefficient

118. It is the measure of the difference in 118. It is the measure of the difference in
ground level between two places in a field is ground level between two places in a field is
referred to as percentage. It is the number referred to as percentage. It is the number
of meter difference in elevation for each 100 of meter difference in elevation for each 100
m of horizontal distance. m of horizontal distance.
a. velocity b. discharge a. velocity b. discharge
c. land slope d. side slope c. land slope d. side slope

119. How many sprinklers with spacing of 7m x 7m are needed to 119. How many sprinklers with spacing of 7m x 7m are needed to
irrigate a rectangular field of 150m x 200m if the laterals are set irrigate a rectangular field of 150m x 200m if the laterals are set
parallel to the larger side of the field: parallel to the larger side of the field:
a. 588 b. 609 c. 616 d. 638 a. 588 b. 609 c. 616 d. 638
No. of sprinklers/lateral, s = 200/7 = 28.57 or 28 No. of sprinklers/lateral, s = 200/7 = 28.57 or 28
No. of laterals, l = 150/7 = 21.43 or 21 No. of laterals, l = 150/7 = 21.43 or 21
Total no. of sprinklers, N = 28 x 21 = 588 Total no. of sprinklers, N = 28 x 21 = 588
120. If the theoretical flow of velocity in an orifice is 4 m/s, what is 120. If the theoretical flow of velocity in an orifice is 4 m/s, what is
the height of water flowing above the center of the orifice? the height of water flowing above the center of the orifice?
a. 0.8m b. 8.0m c. 0.9m d. 9.0m a. 0.8m b. 8.0m c. 0.9m d. 9.0m
h= (v2)/2g = (42)/(2 x 9.81) = 0.82 m

121. If the water strikes a point 0.5m horizontally and 100 mm 121. If the water strikes a point 0.5m horizontally and 100 mm
vertically, what is the coefficient of discharge of the same vertically, what is the coefficient of discharge of the same
orifice? orifice?
a. 1.14 b. 0.875 c. 1.62 d. 0.785 a. 1.14 b. 0.875 c. 1.62 d. 0.785
122. Given an irrigation depth of 30 cm and 8 hrs of irrigation time. 122. Given an irrigation depth of 30 cm and 8 hrs of irrigation time.
Determine the discharge needed to irrigate a hectare of land: Determine the discharge needed to irrigate a hectare of land:
a. 375 m3/hr b. 10 m3/hr c. 30 m3/hr d. 200 m3/hr a. 375 m3/hr b. 10 m3/hr c. 30 m3/hr d. 200 m3/hr

Q = Ad/t = (10,000) m x (.3 m)/8 hrs = 375 m3/hr

123. An irrigation engineer, in his study, was 124. A farmer is to irrigate a crop planted in furrows of 100m x
100m area. His furrow spacing is 50 cm and the application depth
able to establish that the irrigation is 100 mm. If the inflow rate is 0.4 lps/100m, determine the time of
requirement of crop XYZ is 8 mm/day. If the irrigating each furrow:

rootzone depth was estimated at 5 in. on a. 3.47 hrs b. 0.69 hrs c. 28.94 hrs d. 15 days

the average, what should be the design

discharge of a canal to be able to deliver
the 5-day requirement of a 15-ha farm in 24
hours?
124. A farmer is to irrigate a crop planted in furrows of 100m x 125. The number of furrows that can be irrigated at the same time
100m area. His furrow spacing is 50 cm and the application depth if the available water supply is 7.5 lps:
is 100 mm. If the inflow rate is 0.4 lps/100m, determine the time of
a. 4 b. 25 c. 40 d. 2.5
irrigating each furrow:
a. 3.47 hrs b. 0.69 hrs c. 28.94 hrs d. 15 days

Total time to irrigate the whole field, T = Ad/Q

(10,000 m )(0.1)m x 1000 li
T= = 694.44 hrs
(0.4 li/sec/m) x 100 m x 3600 sec/hr
No. of furrows, n = 100/.5 = 200
Time of irrigating each furrow, t
t = T/n = 694.44/200 = 3.47 hrs.

126. What would be the application rate in mm/hr?

A developer decided to establish a golf driving
a. 3.75 b. 5.36 c. 63.6 d. 37.5
range having a 150m x 100m area. If they decide
to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under
the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 150 m
Lateral Spacing = 10.0 m
Sprinkler spacing along lateral = 10.0 m
Soil water holding capacity = 120 m/min
Average rooting depth = 0.5 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Readily available moisture = 50%
Irrigation period = 8 hrs.
Application efficiency = 70%

126. What would be the application rate in mm/hr? 126. What would be the application rate in mm/hr?
a. 3.75 b. 5.36 c. 63.6 d. 37.5 a. 3.75 b. 5.36 c. 63.6 d. 37.5
RAM = 50%; WHC = 120 mm/m; D = 0.5 M; t = 8 hrs; Ea = 70% RAM = 50%; WHC = 120 mm/m; D = 0.5 M; t = 8 hrs; Ea = 70%

RAM(WHC)(D) (.5)(120)(.5) mm RAM(WHC)(D) (.5)(120)(.5) mm

i= Ea x t = (.7)(8 hrs) = 5.36 mm/hr i= Ea x t = (.7)(8 hrs) = 5.36 mm/hr

127. What is the irrigation interval in days?

a. 5 b. 3.75 c. 7.14 d. 6
126. What would be the application rate in mm/hr? 128. What is the sprinkler discharge in lps?
a. 3.75 b. 5.36 c. 63.6 d. 37.5 a. 1.5 b. 148.89 c. 536 d. 0.15
RAM = 50%; WHC = 120 mm/m; D = 0.5 M; t = 8 hrs; Ea = 70%

RAM(WHC)(D) (.5)(120)(.5) mm
i= = = 5.36 mm/hr
Ea x t (.7)(8 hrs)
127. What is the irrigation interval in days?
a. 5 b. 3.75 c. 7.14 d. 6
CU = 6 mm/day
RAM(WHC)(D) (.5)(120)(.5) mm
I= = 5 days
CU (6 mm/day)

128. What is the sprinkler discharge in lps? 128. What is the sprinkler discharge in lps?
a. 1.5 b. 148.89 c. 536 d. 0.15 a. 1.5 b. 148.89 c. 536 d. 0.15
Lateral spacing = 10 m; sprinkler spacing = 10 m Lateral spacing = 10 m; sprinkler spacing = 10 m
q=axi = (10)(10)m2 x (.00536 m/hr)(1000 li/m3)(hr/3600 sec) q = a x i = (10)(10)m2 x (.00536 m/hr)(1000 li/m3)(hr/3600 sec)
= 0.15 lps = 0.15 lps
129. What is the system capacity in lps?
a. 22.32 b. 15.62 c. 2.32 d. 1.56

128. What is the sprinkler discharge in lps? 137. Given the base, b of a triangular canal. What would be its
height when the wetted perimeter is at its minimum?
a. 1.5 b. 148.89 c. 536 d. 0.15
a.. h=0.5b b. h=2b c. h=0.5b2 d. h=2b2
Lateral spacing = 10 m; sprinkler spacing = 10 m
q = a x i = (10)(10)m2 x (.00536 m/hr)(1000 li/m3)(hr/3600 sec)
= 0.15 lps
129. What is the system capacity in lps?
a. 22.32 b. 15.62 c. 2.32 d. 1.56
Total No. of sprinklers, n = (150/10)(100/10) = 150
Q = n x q = 150 x 0.15 = 22.32 lps
Alternative solution:
Q = (A)(i)
= (150)(100)m x (.00536 m/hr)(1000 li/m )(hr/3600 sec)
= 22.33 lps
138. A rectangular lined canal will be used to irrigate 60 has. If a 138. A rectangular lined canal will be used to irrigate 60 has. If a
Francis weir of 0.4m crest will be used to control the flow, Francis weir of 0.4m crest will be used to control the flow,
what would be the depth of water over the crest in order to what would be the depth of water over the crest in order to
supply 2 lps/ha? supply 2 lps/ha?
a. 0.07m b. 0.30m c. 1.94m d. 4.47m a. 0.07m b. 0.30m c. 1.94m d. 4.47m
Rectangular weir is also called Francis weir. The
discharge through a Francis weir (or rectangular weir) is
Q = .0184LH3/2; where Q = lps; L = cm; H = cm
H = [Q/(.0184L)]2/3
= [(2)(60)/(.0186)(40)] = 30.14 cm = .301 m

139. If the canal in the above condition is changed into a 139. If the canal in the above condition is changed into a
triangular canal, what would be the depth of water over the triangular canal, what would be the depth of water over the
crest if a V-notch weir is used? crest if a V-notch weir is used?
a. 0.37m b. 2.15m c. 3.7m d. 0.22m a. 0.37m b. 2.15m c. 3.7m d. 0.22m
For a triangular weir,
Q = .0138H5/2 where Q = lps; H = cm
H = [Q/.0138]2/5 = [2(60)/.0138]2/5 = 37.65 cm = 0.38 m

140. It is a gate placed across a stream from which it is desired to 140. It is a gate placed across a stream from which it is desired to
divert water: divert water:
a. check gate b. head gate a. check gate* b. head gate
c. culvert d. spillway c. culvert d. spillway
*See p. 218 IPP
141. The operating pressure of the sprinkler heads in a sprinkler 141. The operating pressure of the sprinkler heads in a sprinkler
irrigation system is 12.52 kg/cm2. What is the allowable irrigation system is 12.52 kg/cm2. What is the allowable
pressure (kg/m2) variation between the first and the last pressure (kg/m2) variation between the first and the last
sprinkler head in a lateral? sprinkler head in a lateral?
a. 2.504 b. 5.240 c. 25.04 d. 4.520 a. 2.504 b. 5.240 c. 25.04 d. 4.520
Allowable pressure, head, or discharge variation in
sprinkler or drip system is 20%.
Allowable pressure variation = (.2)(12.52) = 2.504 kg/m2

142. Development of deep well by compressed air is best suited 142. Development of deep well by compressed air is best suited
for ___wells. for ___wells.
a. big b. small c. open d. nota a. big b. small* c. open d. nota
*IPP, p. 261

143. If the speed of an irrigation centrifugal pump is increased by 143. If the speed of an irrigation centrifugal pump is increased by
30%, the power requirement is increased by: 30%, the power requirement is increased by:
a. 2.197 b. 1.297 c. 2.917 d. 1.972 a. 2.197 b. 1.297 c. 2.917 d. 1.972

(N1)3 P1 (N1)3 P1
= Given: N2 = 1.3N1 = Given: N2 = 1.3N1
(N2)3 P2 (N2)3 P2

P2 = P1(N2/N1)3 = P1(1.3N1/N1)3 = 2.197P1 P2 = P1(N2/N1)3 = P1(1.3N1/N1)3 = 2.197P1

144. Mixed flow pumps are used for: 144. Mixed flow pumps are used for:
a. High head, high discharge operation a. High head, high discharge operation
b. low head, high discharge operation b. low head, high discharge operation
c. high head, low discharge operation c. high head, low discharge operation
d. low head, low discharge operation d. low head, low discharge operation

Propeller and mixed flow pumps are used for low-head

high-discharge operation (IPP, p. 280)

145. The quotient of the weight of a volume of dry soil including air 145. The quotient of the weight of a volume of dry soil including air
space and weight of an equal volume of water is: space and weight of an equal volume of water is:

a. apparent specific gravity a. apparent specific gravity*

b. real specific gravity b. real specific gravity
c. porosity c. porosity
d. nota d. nota

*(IPP, p. 36)

146. Moisture content present in the soil when gravitational water 146. Moisture content present in the soil when gravitational water
has been removed is called: has been removed is called:
a. wilting point b. field capacity a. wilting point b. field capacity*
c. unavailable moisture d. nota c. unavailable moisture d. nota

*IPP, P. 47
146. Moisture content present in the soil when gravitational water 146. Moisture content present in the soil when gravitational water
has been removed is called: has been removed is called:
a. wilting point b. field capacity a. wilting point b. field capacity
c. unavailable moisture d. nota c. unavailable moisture d. nota
147. 75% of available moisture is called: 147. 75% of available moisture is called:
a. readily available moisture a. readily available moisture
b. hygroscopic water b. hygroscopic water
c. permanent wilting point c. permanent wilting point
d. nota d. nota

A farmer collected a soil sample 2 days after irrigation. The A farmer collected a soil sample 2 days after irrigation. The
sample has a diameter of 5 in., height of 8 in. and The sample sample has a diameter of 5 in., height of 8 in. and The sample
weighed 3000 g before drying and 2340 after drying. Bulk density weighed 3000 g before drying and 2340 after drying. Bulk density
is g/cc. is g/cc.
148. The field capacity in in/ft of soil is: 148. The field capacity in in/ft of soil is:
a. 3.4 b. 3.5 c. 3.6 d. 3.7 a. 3.4 b. 3.5 c. 3.6 d. 3.7
Vb = (d2/4)(h) = (52/4)(8)(2.54)3 = 2574.07 cc

b = OD/Vb = 2340/2574.07 = 0.909 g/cc

As = b/ w = .909/1 = .909

(FW OD) (3000 2340)

OD As = 2340 x .909 x 12
= 3.08 in/ft

149. Assuming that the wilting point is half of the field capacity, the 149. Assuming that the wilting point is half of the field capacity, the
readily available moisture in in/ft is: readily available moisture in in/ft is:
a. 1.692 b. 1.269 c. 1.629 d. 2.169 a. 1.692 b. 1.269 c. 1.629 d. 2.169
WP = FC/2 = 3.08/2 = 1.54 in/ft WP = FC/2 = 3.08/2 = 1.54 in/ft
RAM = 0.75(FC WP) = .75(3.08 1.54) = 1.15 in/ft RAM = 0.75(FC WP) = .75(3.08 1.54) = 1.15 in/ft

150. Estimate the required depth (ft) of flow of water over a

straight drop spillway 14 ft in length to carry a runoff of 40,000
gpm.
a. 1.88 b. 1.78 c. 1.68 d. 1.58
A farm ditch has depth of flowing water of 60 cm, bottom width=50 A farm ditch has depth of flowing water of 60 cm, bottom width=50
cm, side slope=1horizontal:1vertical, channel slope=0.02%. cm, side slope=1horizontal:1vertical, channel slope=0.02%.
151. The velocity of flow in m/sec is: 151. The velocity of flow in m/sec is:
a. 0.143 b. 0.0134 c. 0.314 d. 0.431 a. 0.143 b. 0.0134 c. 0.314 d. 0.431

A = bd + zd2 = (50)(60) + 1(60)2 = 6600 cm2

2

R = A/P = 6600/219.71 = 30.04 cm = 0.3 m

For canals and ditches, n = .02 (IPP, p. 239)
V = (1/n)R2/3S1/2 = (1/.02)(.3)2/3(.02/100)1/2 = 0.318 m/s

152. The discharge in m3/sec is: 152. The discharge in m3/sec is:
a. 0.027 b. 0.207 c. 0.702 d. 0.072 a. 0.027 b. 0.207 c. 0.702 d. 0.072
Q = AV = (.66)(.318) = .21 m3/sec

153. It is also referred to as controlled seepage: 153. It is also referred to as controlled seepage:
a. sprinkle irrigation b. subsurface irrigation a. sprinkle irrigation b. subsurface irrigation
c. Drip irrigation d. surface irrigation c. Drip irrigation d. surface irrigation

154. The water right based on the concept first time, first in right: 154. The water right based on the concept first time, first in right:
a. Right of way b. Appropriation Act a. Right of way b. Appropriation Act
c. General Appropriation d. nota c. General Appropriation d. nota

The doctrine of appropriation asserts that all water rights are

founded upon priority of use.
157. The lateral movement of water in the soil: 157. The lateral movement of water in the soil:
a. seepage b. drainage a. seepage b. drainage
c. irrigation d. flooding c. irrigation d. flooding

158. The discharge through a 90 v-notch weir may be computed 158. The discharge through a 90 v-notch weir may be computed
by: by:
a. Q = 0.0184LH3/2 b. Q = 0.0184(L-.2H)3/2 a. Q = 0.0184LH3/2 b. Q = 0.0184(L-.2H)3/2
c. Q = 0.0186LH3/2 d. Q = 0.0138H5/2 c. Q = 0.0186LH3/2 d. Q = 0.0138H5/2

157. The lateral movement of water in the soil: 159. The mass per unit volume of the soil particles is:
a. seepage b. drainage a. specific gravity b. porosity
c. irrigation d. flooding c. soil density d. void ratio

158. The discharge through a 90 v-notch weir may be computed 160. The ratio of the volume of pores to the volume of solid is:
by:
a. void ratio b. porosity
a. Q = 0.0184LH3/2 b. Q = 0.0184(L-.2H)3/2
c. specific gravity d. soil density
c. Q = 0.0186LH3/2 d. Q = 0.0138H5/2

159. The mass per unit volume of the soil particles is: 159. The mass per unit volume of the soil particles is:
a. specific gravity b. porosity a. specific gravity b. porosity
c. soil density d. void ratio c. soil density d. void ratio

160. The ratio of the volume of pores to the volume of solid is: 160. The ratio of the volume of pores to the volume of solid is:
a. void ratio b. porosity a. void ratio b. porosity
c. specific gravity d. soil density c. specific gravity d. soil density
161. Water held by forces of surface tension and continuous films 161. Water held by forces of surface tension and continuous films
around the soil particles is: around the soil particles is:
a. capillary water b. hygroscopic water a. capillary water b. hygroscopic water
c. gravitational water d. soil water c. gravitational water d. soil water
162. Water held tightly to the surface of soil particle by adsorption 162. Water held tightly to the surface of soil particle by adsorption
forces is: forces is:
a. capillary water b. hygroscopic water a. capillary water b. hygroscopic water
c. soil water d. gravitational water c. soil water d. gravitational water

161. Water held by forces of surface tension and continuous films 164. It is the sheet of water which overflows a weir:
around the soil particles is:
a. Nappe b. weir pond
a. capillary water b. hygroscopic water
c. weir crest c. weir gauge
c. gravitational water d. soil water
162. Water held tightly to the surface of soil particle by adsorption
forces is: 165. Sprinkler type with operating pressure from 20-40 psi:

a. capillary water b. hygroscopic water a. high pressure b. low pressure

c. soil water d. gravitational water c. medium pressure d. nota

164. It is the sheet of water which overflows a weir: 164. It is the sheet of water which overflows a weir:
a. Napped b. weir pond a. Napped b. weir pond
c. weir crest c. weir gauge c. weir crest c. weir gauge

165. Sprinkler type with operating pressure from 20-40 psi: 165. Sprinkler type with operating pressure from 20-40 psi:
a. high pressure b. low pressure a. high pressure b. low pressure
c. medium pressure d. nota c. medium pressure d. nota
166. A conveyance structure used to turn conduits of varying sizes 166. A conveyance structure used to turn conduits of varying sizes
and shapes. and shapes.
a. cut off b. transition a. cut off b. transition
c. weir d. chute c. weir d. chute

167. Surface irrigation method where a much smaller area is 167. Surface irrigation method where a much smaller area is
enclosed by levees. enclosed by levees.
a. trickle irrigation b. drip irrigation a. trickle irrigation b. drip irrigation
c. basin flooding d. flood routing c. basin flooding d. flood routing

166. A conveyance structure used to turn conduits of varying 168. It also refers to consumptive use by crops.
sizes and shapes.
a. evapotranspiration b. water circulation
a. cut off b. transition
c. saturation vapor pressure d. osmosis
c. weir d. chute

169. It is natural or artificial channel that shortens a meandering

167. Surface irrigation method where a much smaller area is stream.
enclosed by levees.
a. cut off b. drawdown
a. trickle irrigation b. drip irrigation
c. chutes d. transition
c. basin flooding d. flood routing

168. It also refers to consumptive use by crops. 168. It also refers to consumptive use by crops.
a. evapotranspiration b. water circulation a. evapotranspiration b. water circulation
c. saturation vapor pressure d. osmosis c. saturation vapor pressure d. osmosis

169. It is natural or artificial channel that shortens a meandering 169. It is natural or artificial channel that shortens a meandering
stream. stream.
a. cut off b. drawdown a. cut off b. drawdown
c. chutes d. transition c. chutes d. transition
170. A concept used to evaluate the losses of water during 170. A concept used to evaluate the losses of water during
irrigation from the time it leaves that source to the point of use. irrigation from the time it leaves that source to the point of use.
a. irrigation efficiency b. drainage efficiency a. irrigation efficiency b. drainage efficiency
c. Discharge flow rate d. nota c. Discharge flow rate d. nota

171. In drainage system, pipe depth is defined as: 172. A multi-blade wind mill design is considered as:

a. depth of cut a. high torque design

b. height of trench b. high speed design

c. distance from the surface to the bottom of the pipe c. low torque design

d. Distance from the surface to the top of pipe d. low wattage design

174. The most simple form of open channel flow computation is: 174. The most simple form of open channel flow computation is:
a. unsteady uniform flow a. unsteady uniform flow
b. steady non-uniform flow b. steady non-uniform flow
c. steady uniform c. steady uniform
d. unsteady non-uniform d. unsteady non-uniform
176. The speed at which water flows in channel is: 176. The speed at which water flows in channel is:
a. velocity b. discharge a. velocity b. discharge
c. runoff d. volumetric flow c. runoff d. volumetric flow

177. It is equal to the cross-sectional area times the velocity of 177. It is equal to the cross-sectional area times the velocity of
flow. flow.
a. velocity b. discharge a. velocity b. discharge
c. evaporation d. runoff c. evaporation d. runoff

176. The speed at which water flows in channel is: 179. The time needed for water to infiltrate into the soil depending
on the depth of water and the soil type is called:
a. velocity b. discharge
a. infiltration rate b. irrigation time
c. runoff d. volumetric flow
b. contact time d. advance time

177. It is equal to the cross-sectional area times the velocity of

flow.
a. velocity b. discharge
c. evaporation d. runoff

180. The soil characteristic determining the maximum rate at 182. Ratio of the bulk density to the density of water.
which water can enter the soil under specific conditions, a. oven-dry weight
including the presence of excess water is: b. apparent specific gravity
c. soil volume
a. infiltration b. infiltration rate d. porosity
c. capillary d. surface tension
183. In open channel, the term A/P is:
a. hydraulic gradient
b. hydraulic radius
c. hydraulic conductivity
d. hydraulics
182. Ratio of the bulk density to the density of water. 182. Ratio of the bulk density to the density of water.
a. oven-dry weight a. oven-dry weight
b. apparent specific gravity b. apparent specific gravity
c. soil volume c. soil volume
d. porosity d. porosity

183. In open channel, the term A/P is: 183. In open channel, the term A/P is:
a. hydraulic gradient a. hydraulic gradient
b. hydraulic radius b. hydraulic radius
c. hydraulic conductivity c. hydraulic conductivity
d. hydraulics d. hydraulics

184. Determine the size of a pump to irrigate a 5-ha riceland. The 184. Determine the size of a pump to irrigate a 5-ha riceland. The
water source is a stream with pumping head of 2 m. water source is a stream with pumping head of 2 m.
Evaporation=8mm/day, percolation=2mm/day, irrigation Evaporation=8mm/day, percolation=2mm/day, irrigation
interval=5 days, irrigation period=10 hrs, friction loss=0, interval=5 days, irrigation period=10 hrs, friction loss=0,
pump efficiency=80%, irrigation efficiency=80%. pump efficiency=80%, irrigation efficiency=80%.
a. 2.129 hp b. 2.85 hp a. 2.129 hp b. 2.85 hp
c. 5 hp d. 1.5 hp c. 5 hp d. 1.5 hp
(ET + P)(Irrig. Int.) (8+2)(5)
dgross = = .8 = 62.5 mm
Ea
Q = Ad/t
(5)(10,000)(.00625)
Q= = .087 m3/sec
(10)(3600)
QH (62.4)(.O87)(3.28) x (2x3.28)
BHP = = = 2.85 hp
550Ep (550)(.8)

A farmer proposes to use sprinkler on a rectangular field 160m x A farmer proposes to use sprinkler on a rectangular field 160m x
120m with lateral line parallel to the shorter side. The land is 120m with lateral line parallel to the shorter side. The land is
adjacent to the river from which he pumps water. He needs a adjacent to the river from which he pumps water. He needs a
maximum application depth of 60 mm every 10 days. The maximum application depth of 60 mm every 10 days. The
maximum intake rate of the soil is 8.5 mm/hr and the application maximum intake rate of the soil is 8.5 mm/hr and the application
efficiency is 80%. Sprinkler spacing is 9m x 9m. efficiency is 80%. Sprinkler spacing is 9m x 9m.

186. What is the desired discharge per sprinkler in lps? 186. What is the desired discharge per sprinkler in lps?
a. 1.91 x 10-4 lps b. 0.19125 lps a. 1.91 x 10-4 lps b. 0.19125 lps
c. 0.6885 lps d. 688.5 lps c. 0.6885 lps d. 688.5 lps

q = (S x S )i
= (9 x 9)(.0085) m3/hr x (hr/3600 sec)(1000 li/m3)
= .1912 lps
A farmer proposes to use sprinkler on a rectangular field 160m x A farmer proposes to use sprinkler on a rectangular field 160m x
120m with lateral line parallel to the shorter side. The land is 120m with lateral line parallel to the shorter side. The land is
adjacent to the river from which he pumps water. He needs a adjacent to the river from which he pumps water. He needs a
maximum application depth of 60 mm every 10 days. The maximum application depth of 60 mm every 10 days. The
maximum intake rate of the soil is 8.5 mm/hr and the application maximum intake rate of the soil is 8.5 mm/hr and the application
efficiency is 80%. Sprinkler spacing is 9m x 9m. efficiency is 80%. Sprinkler spacing is 9m x 9m.
187. How many sprinklers are in a lateral? 187. How many sprinklers are in a lateral?
a. 13 b. 18 c. 14 d. 17 a. 13 b. 18 c. 14 d. 17
No. of sprinklers/lateral = (lateral length)/(sprinkler spacing
along lateral)
= (120/9) = 13.33 or 13
188. How many number of lateral positions?
a. 13 b. 18 c. 14 d. 17

A farmer proposes to use sprinkler on a rectangular field 160m x 189. How many hours will it take him to apply the water
120m with lateral line parallel to the shorter side. The land is requirement in one lateral position?
adjacent to the river from which he pumps water. He needs a
a. 7.06 hrs b. 10 days c. 2 hrs d. 8.82 hrs
maximum application depth of 60 mm every 10 days. The
maximum intake rate of the soil is 8.5 mm/hr and the application
efficiency is 80%. Sprinkler spacing is 9m x 9m.
187. How many sprinklers are in a lateral?
a. 13 b. 18 c. 14 d. 17
No. of sprinklers/lateral = (lateral length)/(sprinkler spacing
along lateral)
= (120/9) = 13.33 or 13
188. How many number of lateral positions?
a. 13 b. 18 c. 14 d. 17
No. of lateral positions = length of field/spacing
between laterals
= 160/9 = 17.77 or 17

189. How many hours will it take him to apply the water 189. How many hours will it take him to apply the water
requirement in one lateral position? requirement in one lateral position?
a. 7.06 hrs b. 10 days c. 2 hrs d. 8.82 hrs a. 7.06 hrs b. 10 days c. 2 hrs d. 8.82 hrs
dgross 60 mm dgross 60 mm
t= = 8.82 hrs t= = 8.82 hrs
(application rate)Ea (8.5)(.8) mm/hr (application rate)Ea (8.5)(.8) mm/hr
190. What is the required pump discharge in lps? 190. What is the required pump discharge in lps?
a. 45.53 b. 3.4 c. 2.55 d. 25.5 a. 45.53 b. 3.4 c. 2.55 d. 25.5

Q = A x applic. rate = (160)(120)(.0085) m x 1000 li x hr

3

hr m3 3600 sec
= 45.33 lps
191. Water flows in a cylindrical tank at a rate of 20 m/sec. If the 192. A tile drain with 20 mm diameter is to be constructed in a
radius of the tank is 2m, find how fast is the tank rising? tomato plantation. The depth of the water table midway
a. 1.59 m/s b. 1.99 m/s c. 1.49 m/s d. nota between the drain is 1.3m below the soil surface. If the
water will flow 2/3 full in the tile drain, determine the flow
from the soil into a 3m depth drain. The drains are spaced
50m apart and the soil permeability is 1.5x10 m/sec. The
tile drain touches the permeable layer.
a. 297.79 mm/day b. 59.56 mm/day
c. 66.82 mm/day d. 100 mmday

193. What should be the diameter of a pipe such that the two of 193. What should be the diameter of a pipe such that the two of
them will be just sufficient to hold the water in an open them will be just sufficient to hold the water in an open
canal 2m wide and 1m deep? Assume half square section canal 2m wide and 1m deep? Assume half square section

coefficient = 58. coefficient = 58.

a. 1.26 m b. 1.8 m c. 1.085 m d. 1 m a. 1.26 m b. 1.8 m c. 1.085 m d. 1 m
A=lxw=2 x1 =2 m2 A = l x w = 2 x 1 = 2 m2
P = l + 2w = 2 + 2(1) = 4 m
R = A/P = 2/4 = 0.5 m
for a circular x-section, R = d/4; d = 4R = 4(.5) = 2 m
since there are two pipes then dia. of one pipe = 2/2 = 1m

194. Given the soil sampler with a diameter of 5.2 cm and length 194. Given the soil sampler with a diameter of 5.2 cm and length
of 4.7 cm. What is the bulk volume of soil it could gather? of 4.7 cm. What is the bulk volume of soil it could gather?
a. 100 cc b. 95 cc c. 120 cc d. 24.4 cc a. 100 cc b. 95 cc c. 120 cc d. 24.4 cc
V = (d2/4)h = (5.22/4)(4.7) = 99.81 cc
196. An engineer is to design the mainline of a sprinkler system 196. An engineer is to design the mainline of a sprinkler system

carry a flow of 6.5 lps. The length of pipe is 150m and the carry a flow of 6.5 lps. The length of pipe is 150m and the
inside diameter is 100 mm. Compute the head loss of the inside diameter is 100 mm. Compute the head loss of the
system assuming a uniform flow. system assuming a uniform flow.
a. 3.16 m b. 1.36 m c. 1.5 m d. 1.8 m a. 3.16 m b. 1.36 m c. 1.5 m d. 1.8 m

KsLQ1.9
Hf = x 4.1 x 106
D4.9
(.4)(150)(6.51.9)
= x 4.1 x 106 = 1.36 m
(100)4.9

197. What is the evapotranspiration of corn during its growing 197. What is the evapotranspiration of corn during its growing
period if the crop coefficient is 2.5 and the reference crop period if the crop coefficient is 2.5 and the reference crop
evapotranspiration is 6 mm/day? evapotranspiration is 6 mm/day?
a. 2.44 mm/day b. 0.42 mm/day a. 2.44 mm/day b. 0.42 mm/day
c. 8.5 mm/day d. 15 mm/day c. 8.5 mm/day d. 15 mm/day
ETa = kcETp = (2.5)(6) = 15 mm/day

198. In designing an open channel, it is necessary to know what 198. In designing an open channel, it is necessary to know what
the material firming the channel bed is to know the value of: the material firming the channel bed is to know the value of:
a. roughness coefficient b. side slope a. roughness coefficient b. side slope
c. bed slope d. bottom slope c. bed slope d. bottom slope
199. The capacity of a certain canal will be measured using a 199. The capacity of a certain canal will be measured using a
Cipolleti weir having a length of 0.5m. If the height of the Cipolleti weir having a length of 0.5m. If the height of the
flowing water above the crest is 13 cm, what is the well capacity flowing water above the crest is 13 cm, what is the well capacity
in lps? in lps?
a. 44.6 b. 43.59 c. 45.59 d. 42.59 a. 44.6 b. 43.59 c. 45.59 d. 42.59
Cipolleti weir is a trapezoidal weir with Q = 0.0186LH3/2
L & H = cm; Q = lps
Q = (0.0186)(50)(13)3/2 = 43.59 lps

199. The capacity of a certain canal will be measured using a 199. The capacity of a certain canal will be measured using a
Cipolleti weir having a length of 0.5m. If the height of the Cipolleti weir having a length of 0.5m. If the height of the
flowing water above the crest is 13 cm, what is the well capacity flowing water above the crest is 13 cm, what is the well capacity
in lps? in lps?
a. 44.6 b. 43.59 c. 45.59 d. 42.59 a. 44.6 b. 43.59 c. 45.59 d. 42.59
Cipolleti weir is a trapezoidal weir with Q = 0.86LH3/2 Cipolleti weir is a trapezoidal weir with Q = 0.86LH3/2
L & H = cm; Q = L & H = cm; Q =
lps lps
Q = (0.0186)(50)(13)3/2 = 43.59 lps Q = (0.0186)(50)(13)3/2 = 43.59 lps

200. With this discharge, what will be the head above the crest if a 200. With this discharge, what will be the head above the crest if a
V-notch is installed somewhere along the same canal? V-notch is installed somewhere along the same canal?
a. 25 cm b. 24 cm c. 26 cm d. 27 cm a. 25 cm b. 24 cm c. 26 cm d. 27 cm

For a V-notch weir, Q = 0.0138H5/2 ; H = (Q/.0138)2/5

H = (43.59/.0138)2/5 = 25.1 lps

201. Type of stream that is also known as loosing stream. Water 201. Type of stream that is also known as loosing stream. Water
table in this case falls below the stream channel bed. table in this case falls below the stream channel bed.
a. influent stream b. effluent stream a. influent stream b. effluent stream
c. perennial stream d. gaining stream c. perennial stream d. gaining stream
202. A closed conduit usually circular, square or rectangular in 202. A closed conduit usually circular, square or rectangular in
cross section, used for conveying water across and under cross section, used for conveying water across and under
an elevated roadway, embankment and dikes. an elevated roadway, embankment and dikes.
a. gate b. culvert c. canal d. drop a. gate b. culvert c. canal d. drop
203. An irrigation method formed by building longitudinal levees 203. An irrigation method formed by building longitudinal levees
approximately parallel to the contour and connecting them approximately parallel to the contour and connecting them
at a desirable places with levees at right angle. at a desirable places with levees at right angle.
a. check contour b. border a. check contour b. border
c. basin d. furrow c. basin d. furrow
204. A device used to control the flow of water to or from a 204. A device used to control the flow of water to or from a
pipeline. pipeline.
a. Inlet b. gate c. weir d. flume a. Inlet b. gate c. weir d. flume

203. An irrigation method formed by building longitudinal levees

approximately parallel to the contour and connecting them 205. An appurtenance to the pipeline which permits the passage
at a desirable places with levees at right angle. of air to or from the pipeline.

a. check contour b. border a. surge b. water hammer c. vent d. gate

c. basin d. furrow
204. A device used to control the flow of water to or from a 206. Barrier constructed to hold water back and raise its level.
pipeline.
a. channel b. dam
a. Inlet b. gate c. weir d. flume c. well d. weir

205. An appurtenance to the pipeline which permits the passage 205. An appurtenance to the pipeline which permits the passage
of air to or from the pipeline. of air to or from the pipeline.
a. surge b. water hammer c. vent d. gate a. surge b. water hammer c. vent d. gate

206. Barrier constructed to hold water back and raise its level. 206. Barrier constructed to hold water back and raise its level.
a. channel b. dam a. channel b. dam
c. well d. weir c. well d. weir
207. Irrigation structure that divides the water into 2 main laterals. 207. Irrigation structure that divides the water into 2 main laterals.
a. chute b. crossing a. chute b. crossing
c. bifurcation d. drop c. bifurcation d. drop

208. It is the combined process of evaporation and transpiration 208. It is the combined process of evaporation and transpiration
from plants. from plants.
a. evaporation b. transpiration a. evaporation b. transpiration
c. evapo-transpiration d. condensation c. evapo-transpiration d. condensation

209. The volume of water flowing each second, measured in 209. The volume of water flowing each second, measured in
m3/sec. m3/sec.
a. stream b. discharge a. stream b. discharge
c. velocity d. cross-sectional area c. velocity d. cross-sectional area
210. For the most efficient trapezoidal cross-section: 210. For the most efficient trapezoidal cross-section:
a. width of the bottom=1.5 of the depth a. width of the bottom=1.5 of the depth
b. width of the top=sum of sides b. width of the top=sum of sides
c. width of the bottom=twice the depth c. width of the bottom=twice the depth
d. width of the to=1/2 the sum of sides d. width of the to=1/2 the sum of sides

209. The volume of water flowing each second, measured in

m3/sec. 211. Delivery of 360 cfs to an 80-acre field is continued for 4 hrs.
Tail water flow is estimated at 10 cfs. Soil probing after the
a. stream b. discharge irrigation indicates that 1 ft. of water was stored in the rootzone.
c. velocity d. cross-sectional area Compute the application efficiency.
210. For the most efficient trapezoidal cross-section: a. 60% b. 62% c. 92% d. 67%
a. width of the bottom=1.5 of the depth
b. width of the top=sum of sides
c. width of the bottom=twice the depth
d. width of the to=1/2 the sum of sides
 212. A contracted rectangular weir is to be constructed in a stream
211. Delivery of 360 cfs to an 80-acre field is continued for 4 hrs. of water in which the discharge varies from 55 to 1415 lps.
Tail water flow is estimated at 10 cfs. Soil probing after the Determine the length of weir such that the measured head will
irrigation indicates that 1 ft. of water was stored in the rootzone. never be less than 60 mm or greater than 1/3 of the length of
Compute the application efficiency. weir.
a. 60% b. 62% c. 92% d. 67% a. 17.4m b. 0.0174m c. 1.74m d. 0.174m
dr = depth of water delivered to the farm For weir with complete end contraction, L = L - .2H; L =
dr = Qt/A effective length, cm; L = length of weir crest, cm; H = measured
(360 ft /sec)(3600 sec/hr)(4 hrs) head or depth of water in the weir, cm.
= = 1.49 ft
(80)(43560) L=
ds = depth of water stored in the soil root zone Q = .0184LH = .0184)(
Ea = ds/df)100 = (1/1.49)(100) = 67.20%

212. A contracted rectangular weir is to be constructed in a stream

of water in which the discharge varies from 55 to 1415 lps. 216. Refers to the number of days between irrigation periods
Determine the length of weir such that the measured head will without rainfall.
never be less than 60 mm or greater than 1/3 of the length of
a. irrigation frequency b. irrigation efficiency
weir.
c. Irrigation method d. irrigation period
a. 17.4m b. 0.0174m c. 1.74m d. 0.174m
214. The ratio of total production attained with operating irrigation
217. The no. of days allowed for operating irrigation to a given
system compared to total production expected under ideal
design area during the peak consumptive period of the crop
condition.
being irrigated.
a. irrigation frequency b. irrigation efficiency
a. irrigation method b. irrigation period
c. irrigation period d. irrigation method
c. irrigation frequency d. irrigation efficiency

216. Refers to the number of days between irrigation periods 216. Refers to the number of days between irrigation periods
without rainfall. without rainfall.
a. irrigation frequency b. irrigation efficiency a. irrigation frequency b. irrigation efficiency
c. Irrigation method d. irrigation period c. Irrigation method d. irrigation period

217. The no. of days allowed for operating irrigation to a given 217. The no. of days allowed for operating irrigation to a given
design area during the peak consumptive period of the crop design area during the peak consumptive period of the crop
being irrigated. being irrigated.
a. irrigation method b. irrigation period a. irrigation method b. irrigation period
c. irrigation frequency d. irrigation efficiency c. irrigation frequency d. irrigation efficiency
218. A property associated with surface tension of liquid and 218. A property associated with surface tension of liquid and
manifested in the rise and fall of liquids in small diameter manifested in the rise and fall of liquids in small diameter
tubes. tubes.
a. conduction b. capillary a. conduction b. capillary
c. cavitation d. condensation c. cavitation d. condensation
219. Amount of rainfall in the rootzone. 219. Amount of rainfall in the rootzone.
a. consumptive use b. seepage a. consumptive use b. seepage
c. percolation d. effective rainfall c. percolation d. effective rainfall

218. A property associated with surface tension of liquid and 220. It is used to divide and distribute the flow of water at desired
manifested in the rise and fall of liquids in small diameter direction usually placed or built in main farm ditch to divert
tubes. water to supplementary farm ditches.
a. conduction b. capillary a. spill wall b. turnout
c. cavitation d. condensation c. flume d. division box
219. Amount of rainfall in the rootzone.
a. consumptive use b. seepage
c. percolation d. effective rainfall

220. It is used to divide and distribute the flow of water at desired 221. How much water is needed in each irrigation if the moisture
direction usually placed or built in main farm ditch to divert holding capacity of the soil is 1.5 in/ft and irrigation was started
water to supplementary farm ditches. when 40% is depleted. The crop uses 0.25 in/day of moisture
and has a root depth of 3 ft. If there is no rain, how often will
a. spill wall b. turnout irrigation be required?
c. flume d. division box
Ans.: _____ inches every _______ days
221. How much water is needed in each irrigation if the moisture 222. A notch of regular form through which the irrigation stream is
holding capacity of the soil is 1.5 in/ft and irrigation was started made to flow and flow built as either portable or stationary
when 40% is depleted. The crop uses 0.25 in/day of moisture structures is called:
and has a root depth of 3 ft. If there is no rain, how often will
irrigation be required? a. orifice b. parshall flume c. weir d. dam

a. 4.8 in. every 6 days b. 1.8 in. every 7.2 days

c. 2.8 in. every 4 days d. 3.8 in. every 5 days
d = (AMD)(WHC)(D) = (.4)(1.5)(3) = 1.8 in.
t = d/CU = 1.8/.25 = 7.2 days

222. A notch of regular form through which the irrigation stream is 222. A notch of regular form through which the irrigation stream is
made to flow and flow built as either portable or stationary made to flow and flow built as either portable or stationary
structures is called: structures is called:
a. orifice b. parshall flume c. weir d. dam a. orifice b. parshall flume c. weir d. dam
223. For the most efficient circular cross-section, semi-circle the
hydraulic radius is equal to:
a. ¼ its radius b. its radius
c. ½ its radius d. ¼ its diameter

222. A notch of regular form through which the irrigation stream is 225. Find the required diameter for a pipe such that 2 of them will
made to flow and flow built as either portable or stationary be sufficient to carry the water delivered by an open channel of
structures is called: half square section 1.8m wide and 0.9m deep. For both channel
and pipe, S=0.009 and C = 120 and V=C(RS)1/2.
a. orifice b. parshall flume c. weir d. dam
a. 0.0114m b. 0.114m c. 11.4m d. 1.14m
223. For the most efficient circular cross-section, semi-circle the
hydraulic radius is equal to:
a. ¼ its radius b. its radius
c. ½ its radius d. ¼ its diameter
226. Compute the water holding capacity of soil in inches if the 226. Compute the water holding capacity of soil in inches if the
F.C. is 30% and the wilting point is 15% of the dry soil density. F.C. is 30% and the wilting point is 15% of the dry soil density.
The density is 80 lbs/ft3 and the soil depth to be irrigated is 2 This density is 80 lbs/ft3 and the soil depth to be irrigated is 2
feet. feet.
a. 3.6 b. 2.6 c. 5.6 d. 4.6 a. 3.6 b. 2.6 c. 5.6 d. 4.6
As = b/ w = 80/62.4 = 1.28
WHC = (FC WP)AsD = (.3 - .15)(1.28)(2 X 12) = 4.61 in.

227. The mass per unit volume of the soil particle is:

a. Porosity b. void ratio

c. soil density d. specific gravity

226. Compute the water holding capacity of soil in inches if the 228. A semi-circular concrete flume with 1.5m radius has a depth
F.C. is 30% and the wilting point is 15% of the dry soil density. of flow of 1.2 m. Determine the discharge flowing in the
This density is 80 lbs/ft3 and the soil depth to be irrigated is 2 flume if n=0.012 and s = 0.002.
feet.
a. 51.70 lps b. 517 lps
a. 3.6 b. 2.6 c. 5.6 d. 4.6
c. 5.170 lps d. 5170 lps
As = b/ w = 80/62.4 = 1.28
WHC = (FC WP)AsD = (.3 - .15)(1.28)(2 X 12) = 4.61 in.

227. The mass per unit volume of the soil particle is:

a. Porosity b. void ratio

c. soil density d. specific gravity

229. The trapezoidal canal is to have a base width of 6 m and side 229. The trapezoidal canal is to have a base width of 6 m and side
slopes of 1:1. The velocity of flow is 0.6 m/sec. What slope slopes of 1:1. The velocity of flow is 0.6 m/sec. What slope
must be given the bed in order to deliver 5 m3/sec. Use must be given the bed in order to deliver 5 m3/sec. Use

a. 0.00263 b. 0.0000263 c. 0.000263 d. 0.0263 a. 0.00263 b. 0.0000263 c. 0.000263 d. 0.0263

Q = AV; A = Q/V = 5/.6 = 8.33 m2
For a trapezoidal canal, A = bd + zd2
8.33 = 6d + (1)d2 ; d = 1.163 m
1/2 = 9.29 m
R = A/P = 8.33/9.29 = 0.9
V = (1/n)R2/3S1/2
S = (nV/R2/3)2 = [(.025)(.6)/(.9)]2 = .00026
230. The amount of water used in producing crop is: 230. The amount of water used in producing crop is:
a. water holding capacity b. critical growth stage a. water holding capacity b. critical growth stage
c. rooting characteristics d. percolation c. rooting characteristics d. percolation
232. Water that moves freely and drains out of the soil is:
a. gravitational b. capillary
c. S.I.A. d. hygroscopic

230. The amount of water used in producing crop is:

233. In drainage, open channel is often referred to as:
a. water holding capacity b. critical growth stage
c. rooting characteristics d. percolation a. canals b. traps c. manholes d. drains

232. Water that moves freely and drains out of the soil is:
a. gravitational b. capillary
c. S.I.A. d. hygroscopic

233. In drainage, open channel is often referred to as: 233. In drainage, open channel is often referred to as:
a. canals b. traps c. manholes d. drains a. canals b. traps c. manholes d. drains
234. The direct attraction of similar molecules between similar 234. The direct attraction of similar molecules between similar
molecules. molecules.
a. collision b. attraction c. repulsion d. cohesion a. collision b. attraction c. repulsion d. cohesion
235. A temporary method of drainage artificially produced in the 235. A temporary method of drainage artificially produced in the
subsoil with digging a trench from the surface. subsoil with digging a trench from the surface.
a. canal b. flood routing a. canal b. flood routing
c. transition d. mole drain c. transition d. mole drain
236. The depth of water in mm or inches to be removed in 24 hr
period from the drainage area.
a. infiltration rate b. drainage coefficient
c. infiltration d. percolation

235. A temporary method of drainage artificially produced in the

subsoil with digging a trench from the surface. 237. What is the time required for water from the most remote
region of the watershed to reach the outlet if the length of
a. canal b. flood routing flow is 1550m and elevation difference between the outlet
c. transition d. mole drain and the most remote region is 20m?
236. The depth of water in mm or inches to be removed in 24 hr a. 0.48 min b. 0.25 min c. 3 min d. 5 min
period from the drainage area.
a. infiltration rate b. drainage coefficient
c. infiltration d. percolation

237. What is the time required for water from the most remote 237. It is the average interval of time within the magnitude of given
region of the watershed to reach the outlet if the length of event will be equaled or exceeded at least once on the
flow is 1550m and elevation difference between the outlet average.
and the most remote region is 20m?
a. period of exceedence
a. 0.48 min b. 0.25 min c. 3 min d. 5 min b. hydrologic frequency
c. return period
t = .0078L.77S-.385 = (.0078)(1550 x 3.28).77(20/1550)-.385
d. all of the above
237. It is the average interval of time within the magnitude of given 238. Given a probability of occurrence or exceedence of 5%. How
event will be equaled or exceeded at least once on the many years will it take before a discharge of 1000 m3/sec will
average. be equaled or exceeded?
a. period of exceedence a. 10 b. 15 c. 20 d. 25
b. hydrologic frequency
c. return period
d. all of the above

238. Given a probability of occurrence or exceedence of 5%. How

many years will it take before a discharge of 1000 m3/sec will
be equaled or exceeded?
a. 10 b. 15 c. 20 d. 25

Y = 1/P = 1/.05 = 20 years

239. The type of drainage suitable for areas sloping uniformly over
a single direction.
a. herringbone b. gridiron c. natural d. random