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Elevator Logic

This dynamic circuit diagram shows how an old relay-based elevator system works. When a call button is pressed, it energizes relays that select the elevator direction and start the motor. Contactors and relays physically connect power to drive the motor in the selected direction until the elevator reaches the requested floor. Modern elevators use an electronic control board instead of relays to receive input signals and control elevator movement.

Uploaded by

Fidan Hasanguliyeva
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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858 views22 pages

Elevator Logic

This dynamic circuit diagram shows how an old relay-based elevator system works. When a call button is pressed, it energizes relays that select the elevator direction and start the motor. Contactors and relays physically connect power to drive the motor in the selected direction until the elevator reaches the requested floor. Modern elevators use an electronic control board instead of relays to receive input signals and control elevator movement.

Uploaded by

Fidan Hasanguliyeva
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Relay logic elevator

This dynamic circuit diagram shows


how an old elevator basically works
Note that actually relays and
contactors have a time response of
a fraction of seconds
S4

When a request button is pressed the


elevator takes the right direction due
S3
to the selectors fixed in the shaft on
each floor.

CAR SHAPE
On modern elevators this job is
done by an electronic board that
takes the signals from magnetic
switches fixed on the car.
S2

S1
Once the circuit is supplied SC and RS turn on, if the doors are
NC NO closed. The car is on the second floor. The direction selector (S2) is
380V A.C. on the central position and the level magnetic switch (MS) is open
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS
HS MS

1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
When pressed the request button (I4) energizes the top floor relay (TF)
380V A.C.
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS
HS MS

1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
Then the direction contactor (U) and the speed relay (SR) are also energized
380V A.C.
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS
HS MS

1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
Then the direction contactor (U) and the speed relay (SR) are also energized
The reset relay (RS) keeps on for some seconds due to the capacitor
380V A.C.
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS
HS MS

1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
The direction contactor energizes the door locking mechanism. So, once the
exterior door is locked, the high speed relay (HS) turns on
380V A.C.
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS
HS MS

1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
The direction contactor energizes the door locking mechanism. So, once the
exterior door is locked, the high speed relay (HS) turns on and the car starts
380V A.C. going up
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS MS
HS
1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
The exterior requests relay (ERD) turns on due to a NC (normal closed) contact of SC
380V A.C.
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS MS
HS
1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
The exterior requests relay (ERD) turns on due to a NC (normal closed) contact of SC
380V A.C.
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS MS
HS
1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
Since the car moves from the floor the level magnetic switch (MS) closes and
the direction selector (S2) takes the down position
380V A.C.
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS MS
HS
1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
Third floor: the direction selector (S3) takes the down position and the level
magnetic switch opens for just a moment
380V A.C.
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS MS
HS
1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
Once the car comes close to the requested floor the direction selector (S4)
takes the central position
380V A.C.
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS MS
HS
1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
The direction contactor (U) is still energized, while the speed relay (SR) turns
off due to the diode
380V A.C.
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS MS
HS
1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
The high speed contactor (HS) turns off, then the low speed contactor (LS) turns on
380V A.C.
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS MS
HS
1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
The high speed contactor (HS) turns off, then the low speed contactor (LS) turns on
The request relay (TF) turns off
380V A.C.
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS MS
HS
1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
The high speed contactor (HS) turns off, then the low speed contactor (LS) turns on
The request relay (TF) turns off
380V A.C.
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS MS
HS
1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
Once the elevator reaches the requested floor the level magnetic switch (MS) opens
380V A.C.
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS MS
HS
1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
The contactors and the door locking mechanism turn off
380V A.C.
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS MS
HS
1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
The contactors and the door locking mechanism turn off
380V A.C.
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS MS
HS
1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
The exterior requests relay (ERD) turns off some seconds later due to the capacitor
380V A.C.
X1
CAR
+
SAFETY
SC BRAKES D RS HS LS
FINALS U
INTERIOR
DOOR
MOTOR
PROTECTION

ERD I1 1F 2F 3F TF
I2 I3 I4
EXTERIOR
ERD DOOR
CLOSED
U D
EXTERIOR 1F 2F 3F TF
MOTOR REQUESTS
BRAKE AND X2
DOOR
LOCKING
MECHANISM X1
LS HS MS
HS
1F U
1F 2F 3F TF
LS D U
2F D EXTERIOR
MOTOR DOOR U D
S1 S2 S3 S4 LOCKED
SC
3F TF
SR SR

HS
RS
X2 D SR U HS LS
Warning: do not operate on electric and mechanical
parts of elevators if you are not an expert
Thank you

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