UNIT

3
Cultural Studies
Reading
vocabulary
Grammar
Writing
review: scanning for information
using the dictionary
adjectives and adverbs
writing complete sentences

Unit Question

When do we eat
special foods?
A
Work with a partner. Why do you usually eat? Check (✓)
the boxes. Then discuss your ideas with your classmates.
I eat because . . .
■ I’m hungry. ■ it’s fun to do with friends.
■ it’s time for a meal. ■ I like to be with my family.

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1
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 UNIT Read a chapter from a textbook. Find information
OBJECTIVE and ideas to describe the people, food, and activities
at a celebration.

B
Listen to The Q Classroom online. Then
answer these questions.

1. When do the students eat special foods?

Match the name of the event to the student.

a.  weekend c.  barbecue in the summer

b.  holiday d.  celebrate something special

Event

Sophy b. holiday
Yuna

Marcus

Felix

2. Look at the photos. What special foods do you eat at celebrations?

ONLINE C
Go to the Online Discussion Board to discuss the
Unit Question with your classmates.

37
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 READING

 Reading Celebrating with Food

UNIT You are going to read a chapter from a textbook. The chapter is about
OBJECTIVE
celebrations of food around the world. Use the article to find information
and ideas for your Unit Assignment.

Preview the Reading

Vocabulary A.  VOCABULARY   Here are some words from the reading. Look at the
Skill Review
photos and read the sentences. Then write each underlined word next
In Unit 2, you
learned about word
to the correct definition.
families. As you learn
new vocabulary,
remember to study a. I use ingredients from my garden—
other parts of speech tomatoes, peppers, and onions. I like fresh
in the same word
family. In Activity A, vegetables, not canned or frozen ones.
how can you change
the words celebrate
and prepare to nouns?
b. Weddings are a special time for people
around the world. Most people celebrate
their marriages by having a large party for
their friends and family.

c. Cookouts are popular for summer holidays.

Some traditional menus include grilled
beef or chicken, potato salad, and fresh
watermelon.

d. In Argentinian culture, Constitution Day is a

holiday in May. Families prepare pastelitos,
delicious fried cookies. They often enjoy
them with a cup of hot tea.

1. (adjective) not usual or ordinary

2. (adjective) not frozen or in a can
3. (verb) to make (a dish or a meal)
4. (verb) to do something fun for a holiday

38 Unit 3  |  When do we eat special foods?   Oxford 2000 keywords

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 5. (adjective) liked or enjoyed by a lot of people
6. (noun) the things that you use to make a meal
7. (noun) habits, ideas, or beliefs of a country
8. (adjective) based on a belief or habit that started in
the past and continues now

ONLINE B. Go online for more practice with the vocabulary.

C.  PREVIEW   Look quickly over the chapter. Check (✓) the true statements.

■ 1. The topic of this article is food in the United States.

■ 2. There is a paragraph about a garlic festival.
■ 3. There is a paragraph about a type of fish called herring.
■ 4. The article describes food festivals in different countries.
garlic ■ 5. The topic of this article is unusual vegetables.

D.  QUICK WRITE   Think about the food that you like to eat. Answer
these questions with complete sentences. Use this section for your
Unit Assignment.

1. What is your favorite food?

herring
2. Who prepares the food?
3. When do you eat it?

WORK WITH THE READING

A. Read the textbook chapter. Find information about special foods.

Celebrating with Food

1 People all around the world like to celebrate the town of Gilroy, California, produces
holidays, weddings, and the start of a new huge amounts of garlic. Every year,
season with special food. Some cultures even over 4,000 volunteers provide food and
celebrate food with special festivals! These entertainment for over 100,000 guests.
festivals usually happen once a year. They can be Cooks prepare and sell many different
fun and funny, but most of all, they’re delicious. types of dishes, all containing garlic. You
2 One big food event, the Gilroy Garlic can even buy garlic popcorn and garlic
Festival, happens in July. The area around ice cream.

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 the Gilroy Garlic Festival

3 The International White Truffle Fair happens

in October in Alba, Italy. At the fair, visitors
enjoy eating truffles, a kind of fungus. selling herring at the Baltic Herring Festival
Truffles are a delicious ingredient in
5 Finally, a very popular festival happens
omelets, pasta, risotto, and rice. They can
in Gloucestershire, UK. This festival, called
be very expensive; they sometimes cost
the Cooper’s Hill Cheese-Rolling and Wake,
$3,000 per pound (0.45 kilograms)!
is over 200 years old. Organizers of the
event buy a large piece of cheese. It weighs
over six pounds (2.72 kilograms). Then they
drop it down a hill. As spectators watch and
cheer, young men run down the hill after
the cheese. There are ambulances at the
bottom of the hill because people often fall
and sometimes they get hurt. Cheese-rolling
is dangerous, but it is a lot of fun.

white truffles

4 A very traditional food festival happens in

Helsinki, Finland. The Baltic Herring Festival is
over 270 years old and celebrates a popular
fish, the herring. For one week in the month
of October, fishermen sell fried herring,
herring soup, herring sandwiches, and even
herring pizza. You can buy fresh herring, too,
and then take it home and make your own
recipe. Other people sell handmade crafts
and warm, wool clothes for the winter. the Cooper’s Hill Cheese-Rolling and Wake

B. Write the correct paragraph number next to each main idea.

a. There is a lot of garlic in Gilroy, California.
b. The cheese-rolling in Gloucestershire is a popular event.
c. People in some regions of the world like to celebrate the food they produce.
d. The Baltic Herring Festival is an old and traditional event.
e. You can find truffles in the Alba region of Italy.

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 C. Read the statements. Write T (true) or F (false). Then correct each false
statement to make it true.

  1. Only people in Italy like to celebrate holidays with special food.

  2. Special festivals with food usually happen once a month.

  3. The Gilroy Garlic Festival has both food and entertainment.

  4. You can get popcorn with garlic at the Gilroy Garlic Festival.

  5. People eat a lot of chocolate at the International White Truffle Fair.

  6. Truffles are not very expensive.

  7. A herring festival is held each year in Oslo, Norway.

  8. You can only buy fish at the herring festival.

  9. People roll small pieces of cheese down Cooper’s Hill.

10. People are sometimes hurt at the cheese rolling.

D. Complete the sentences with information from the article.

1. People like to holidays with special food.
2. Special festivals can be found in many different .
3. At the Gilroy Garlic Festival there is food and .
4. Cooks and sell many kinds of food with garlic.
5. The International White Truffle Fair in Alba, Italy, takes place in the
month of .
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 6. Truffles are an in many different kinds of food.
7. The Baltic Herring Festival is more than years old.
8. If you want to cook your own food, you can buy
herring.
9. At Cooper’s Hill, people run down the hill after the .
10. People sometimes get hurt, so there are at the
bottom of the cheese-rolling hill.

Skill Review Scanning for information

Remember: You scan a text to find information quickly. Only look for the
information you need. To find information about a person, place, or country,
look for capital letters. You can also scan for a specific word. Review the
Reading Skill box in Unit 2, page 26.

E. Read each question. Then scan the reading on pages 39–40 to find
the underlined word. Answer the question.
1. What product does the area around the town of Gilroy produce?

2. How much can one pound of truffles cost?
3. In what month is the Baltic Herring Festival?
4. Why are there ambulances at the Gloucestershire event?

5. “Delicious” is one way to describe food festivals. What are two other

words used to describe them?

6. How many volunteers work at the Gilroy Garlic Festival?

ONLINE F. Go online to read A Garden in the City and check your comprehension.

42 Unit 3  |  When do we eat special foods?

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 grapefruit grapes kiwis Suffix
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minimum Tuesday, I mean Thursday.

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has vardictionary entries. Answer the questions.
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var
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with
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word that shows that
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or may be true: “Are you going out tonight?” • •

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x
1 (used about people or their behavior) unkind:
SYNONYM perhaps
It was mean of you to say that Peter was fat. |  Reading and Writing
2 (MATH ) average: Use these statistics to calculate
43
n STYLE the mean annual © Copyright Oxford University Press
temperature in Los Angeles.
You can use maybe when you want to sound mean3 /min/ noun [count]
polite: Maybe you could help me with the (MATH ) the result you get when you add together
4818063_Q2e_RW_SB0.indb 43 2/13/15 11:13 AM
cooking (= Please help me with the cooking).
 B. Make a food chart. Add the words in the box, and then add more foods.
If necessary, use a dictionary. Compare your chart with your partner.

apple chicken beef lobster milk beans

onion potato shrimp cheese grapes bananas

Dairy
Fruit Vegetables Meat Seafood
products

apple

ONLINE C. Go online for more practice with using the dictionary.

WRITE WHAT YOU THINK

A. Ask and answer these questions with a partner. Look back at your
Quick Write on page 39. Think about what you learned.

1. What is your favorite celebration?

2. When do you usually have this celebration?
3. What special foods do you eat? Why?
4. What is your favorite food at this celebration?

ONLINE B. Go online to watch the video

video vocabulary
about Japanese bento edible (adj.)  good or safe to eat
boxes. Then check your flavor (n.)  the taste of food
comprehension.
fried (adj.)  cooked in hot fat or oil
steamed (adj.)  cooked in steam (the gas that
water becomes when it gets very hot)

C. Think about the unit video and the reading as you discuss these
questions. Then choose one question and write 3–5 sentences.

1. What kind of food is very special for you?

2. How would you describe your favorite celebration?

44 Unit 3  |  When do we eat special foods?

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 WRITING

UNIT At the end of this unit, you are going to write about the people, food,
OBJECTIVE
and activities at a celebration. Your sentences will include information
from the reading, the unit video, and your own ideas.

Grammar Adjectives and adverbs

Adjectives
1. Adjectives describe nouns (people, places, or things).
An adjective can come after the verb be. It describes the subject.

subject (noun) be adjective

Ice cream is cold.

The sandwiches are huge.

An adjective can come before a noun. It describes the noun.

adjective noun

This is a traditional wedding.

I’m celebrating a special day.

2. There are no singular or plural adjectives.

✓ Correct: popular
✗ Incorrect: populars

3. Do not use an article (the, a, or an) before an adjective with no noun.

✓ Correct: This is a delicious meal. This is delicious.
✗ Incorrect: This is a delicious.

Adverbs + adjectives
Adverbs can be used to describe adjectives.
The pizza is very hot. Our dinner is quite expensive.
The vegetables are really fresh. She is extremely hungry.
The food is very good. It’s a very popular festival.
pizza

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 Tip for Success A. Circle the adverb and underline the adjective in each sentence.
Learn adjectives in
pairs of opposites. 1. The garlic festival is very popular. 6. These are extremely fresh vegetables.
For example, hot—
cold or big—small.
Write them down.
2. This is a really big pizza. 7. Our town has a very special festival.

3. The cheese is quite expensive. 8. This is a very small sandwich.

4. Leila’s recipe is really good. 9. That is an extremely big truffle.

5. The tea is really hot! 10. They enjoy really delicious food.

B. There is one error in each sentence. Find the errors and correct them.
1. It’s a nice really garden. 5. This food is bad extremely.

2. This is a good dinner extremely. 6. The chicken noodle soup is a delicious.

3. Jim’s vegetables are expensives. 7. All of the ingredients are expensive quite.

chicken noodle soup 4. The festival is quite a popular. 8. The summer festivals are very bigs.

ONLINE C. Go online for more practice with adjectives and adverbs.

D. Go online for the grammar expansion.

Writing Skill Writing complete sentences

Every sentence needs a subject and a verb. The subject is a noun or pronoun.
It answers the question, “Who or what is the sentence about?” The verb is the
action. It answers the question, “What does the subject do, think, or feel?”
I prepare dinner every day. Usually my dinners are delicious.
subject verb subject verb

My friends like to go to cafés. Right now, they are at a café.

subject verb subject verb

The subject can be singular or plural. Singular means “one.” Plural means
“more than one.” The subject can be a noun or a pronoun.

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 Singular Plural
bed beds
backpack backpacks
John John and Mary
I we
you (1 person) you (more than one person)
he, she, it they

Always make your subject and verb agree.

✓ Correct: I like oranges. ←  Subject and verb agree.
✓ Correct: He likes oranges. ←  Subject and verb agree.
✗ Incorrect: He like oranges. ←  Subject and verb do not agree.

A. Add a subject (he, she, it, or they) or the verb be to each sentence.
is
1. My brother a student in a cooking program.
^
2. Is a very difficult book.
3. There delicious dishes on this menu.
4. Are very good cookies.
5. Is an excellent baker.
6. Kate at the café this afternoon.
7. I rarely eat seafood because it usually very expensive.
8. Hatem likes to eat in restaurants because doesn’t like cooking.

B. Correct the incorrect verb in each sentence.

goes
1. Sam  go  to the cafeteria after class.
2. Mary have a new job as a waitress.
3. They loves to eat ice cream in the park.
4. Hassan prepare coffee every morning.
5. I are at the same table as my friends.
6. Isabel don’t like baking cakes.
7. We like eating chicken on Saturdays, and we usually has steak on Sundays.

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 C. Complete the paragraph. Use the correct verb forms.
At Chinese New Year we celebrate with traditional foods. First, we usually
eat round dumplings. These dumplings
1. (eat) 2. (be)
small pieces of meat wrapped in a covering. Then we to
3. (like)
eat duck. It a lot like chicken. I eating
4. (taste) 5. (enjoy)
long noodles. We also fish. The fish a
6. (prepare) 7. (be)
wish for a happy year ahead. Sometimes people a special
8. (eat)
vegetarian dish. This dish only vegetables in it. After seven
9. (have)
days we enjoy a special salad. Everyone also cake. The
10. (eat)
cake very popular.
11. (be)

D. Write sentences about yourself with the words in parentheses. Change

the verb if necessary. Label the subject and verb in each sentence.
S V
1. (enjoy going out)   I enjoy going out for breakfast.
2. (avoid eating)
3. (like to eat)
4. (enjoy preparing)
5. (like to celebrate)

E. Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.

1. They / delicious / prepare / pizzas

2. soup / The / is / hot / extremely

3. Mr. Adams / garden / grows / vegetables / large / very / in his

4. fresh / food / really / The / is

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 5. Everyone / festival / enjoys celebrating / the popular / at /

6. like / ice cream / good / We

7. The TV show / funny / very / is

8. likes / hot / James / tea

9. Lisa / special / prepares / food / for the holiday

ONLINE F. Go online for more practice with writing complete sentences.

Unit Assignment Describe the people, food, and activities at a celebration

UNIT In this assignment, you are going to write about the people, food, and activities
OBJECTIVE
at a celebration. Think about the Unit Question, “When do we eat special foods?”
Use the reading, the unit video, and your work in this unit. Look at the Self-
Assessment checklist on page 50.
ONLINE Go to the Online Writing Tutor for a writing model and alternate Unit Assignments.

A.  Brainstorm   Look at the categories in the idea map below. Then

draw an idea map. Complete the map with words about a special meal
or celebration. Then explain your map to a partner.

When? Where? Why?

Special meal
or celebration

People Food Activities

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 ONLINE B.  WRITE   Answer the questions. Use complete sentences. Use
your  BRAINSTORM  notes to help you. Go to iQ Online to use
the Online Writing Tutor.

Writing Tip 1. What is the special meal or celebration?

Answer these
questions when 2. When does it happen?
describing something:
Who? What? When? 3. What do you need to do before the meal?
Where? Why? How? This
will add information 4. Do you enjoy preparing the food? Why or why not?
to your description.
5. Where do you have the meal?
6. Who comes to the celebration?
7. What are the main dishes?
8. Why is the food special?
9. Which food do you love eating?
10. Which food do you avoid eating? Why?

ONLINE C.  REVISE   Review your sentences with a partner. Read your partner’s
sentences. Then go online and use the Peer Review worksheet.
Discuss the review with your partner.

D.  EDIT AND REWRITE   Complete the Self-Assessment checklist. Make

final changes to your sentences. Be prepared to hand in your work or
discuss it in class.

SELF-ASSESSMENT
Yes No
■ ■ Does every sentence have a subject and a verb?
■ ■ Do your subjects and verbs agree with each other?
■ ■ Do you use adverbs and adjectives to add more information?
■ ■ Do you use vocabulary from the unit?
■ ■ Does every sentence start with a capital letter and end with
a period?

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 ONLINE E.  REFLECT   Go to the Online Discussion Board to discuss these questions.
1. What is something new you learned in this unit?
2. Look back at the Unit Question—When do we eat special foods? Is your
answer different now than when you started the unit? If yes, how is
it different?

Track Your SUCCESS

Circle the words you have learned in this unit.

Nouns Verbs Adjectives

ambulance avoid delicious
celebration celebrate expensive
culture prepare fresh
dairy huge
festival popular
fruit special
ingredient traditional
meal Adverbs
meat extremely
product quite
seafood really
vegetable
volunteer

  Oxford 2000 keywords

  Academic Word List

Check (✓) the skills you learned. If you need more work on a skill, refer to the
page(s) in parentheses.

Reading I can scan for information. (p. 42)

VOCABULARY I can use the dictionary to build my vocabulary.
(p. 43)
GRAMMAR I can use adjectives and adverbs. (p. 45)
WRITING I can write complete sentences. (pp. 46–47)

UNIT I can find information and ideas to write about

OBJECTIVE the people, food, and activities at a celebration.

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