Joseph Ejercito Estrada

Presented for the course of Readings in Philippine History (GEPLH)

ITTM 2-1 Group 3

Introduction iii. This became his shortcoming as a

president of the country during his
administration.
Joseph Ejercito “Erap” Estrada
iv. This is a little part of the proof that
o Former President Jose Marcelo Ejercito he is incompetent when he was
a.k.a “Erap” that was born on April 19, seated as a president.
1937, in Manila, Philippines. b. Poor English
i. ERAPtion: How to Speak English
o He is also an actor and producer
Without Really Trial
o Has been married to Dr. Luisa Pimentel
Ejercito and previously married to Laarni
Enriquez.

o Erap Estrada was elected as President of

the Philippines in 1998.

o He is our 13th president of the republic

from June 1998 to January 2001 known for
his inadequate English grammar.

o Estrada force out a bloodless revolt that

came to be known as EDSA 2. ii. One of the best-selling books in the
Philippines in 1994—the collection
o He was impeached in November 2000 for
of Erap jokes written by a
corruption and bribery.
newspaper columnist.
iii. The book consists of how Joseph
Estrada use English words and
grammars.
Cultural Issues 3. Moral Values and Behaviors
a. Alcoholic
i. “Midnight Cabinet” or his late-
1. Actor-Politician
night drinking and gambling
a. -He was an actor before entering politics.
buddies.
b. “Populism”
ii. Known to be more powerful than
c. First politician whose political base is all
those who are officially designated
about the poor and powerless therefore
cabinet members.
his supporters were mostly from the
b. Womanizer
marginalized sector.
i. Known for having lots of mistresses
d. The issue here is that: o his supporters
and children outside his marriage.
thought that his onscreen personality is his
c. Gambler
true personality. o His promises resulted in
i. Estrada spend most of his time
a lot of expectations from the lower
with his “friends”—gambling, and
sector— housing, jobs and many more.
drinking—than meeting with his
2. Education
officials.
a. Lack of Education
ii. “Midnight Cabinet”
i. From the Official Gazette of the
iii. He is proud of his accumulated
Philippines (2011), Joseph Estrada
properties as a “fruit of his
dropped out before finishing
gambling”
College in Mapua Institute of
d. Abusive
Technology.
i. When Joseph was elected Mayor in
ii. He seemed proud of his lack of
1967 of the Municipality of San
education, and loose management
Juan within Metropolitan Manila,
style.
he was known for using violence

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Joseph Ejercito Estrada
Presented for the course of Readings in Philippine History (GEPLH)
ITTM 2-1 Group 3

(punching), as a disciplinary action Account No. 0160-62502-5) registered

for corrupt policemen. under a name “Jose Velarde” which is
4. Disapproval of Church neither his birth nor his baptismal name.
a. The Church was against him • Later on, an 86. 7 million pesos worth of
i. During the 1998 electoral property in Quezon city was purchased
campaign, the Catholic bishops from the funds of Jose Velarde known as
and leaders of other religious the Boracay Mansion.
groups had campaigned hard • Estrada’s Properties were forfeited,
against Estrada. including the Boracay Mansion.
ii. Due to unusual lifestyle like • In the end, Estrada was acquitted of his
obsessive gambling, his Criminal Case No. 26565 or his Illegal Use
alcoholism, and shady character. of Alias.

Group Recommendation (Cultural Issue)

• Presidential Qualification (Education)

o Not specifically a college degree, but a
PLUNDER
person that was taught good morals
and right conduct—therefore referred • On April 4, 2001, 1, the Philippine
to as an “Educated person” Ombudsman filed two complaints with the
o During the panel discussion, it is Sandiganbayan, one for plunder and the other
learned that adding Education as a for perjury.
presidential qualification on Article 7
• The 545 million pesos proceeds from
of the 1987 Philippine Constitution is
jueteng; o misappropriation of 130 million
not applicable. It is a topic for debate.
pesos in tobacco excise taxes;
• Individual Evaluation
o Assessment of the self o receiving a 189.7-million-peso commission
• Access to Information from the sale of Belle Corporation shares,
o For the Filipinos, they should be given
o and owning 3.2 billion pesos in a bank
prior education of what are the
account under the name Jose Velarde were the
qualifications needed when voting for
four charges in the plunder case.
a candidate.
o Learning on how to do their own • After 6 years and a half in imprisonment,
research. Estrada was found guilty of plunder on
September 12, 2007.

• He was sentenced to reclusión perpetua as

Social Issues
well as permanent disqualification from public
service and loss of ill-gotten wealth.
PERJURY
• On October 22, 2007 Acting Justice Secretary
• Former president Joseph Estrada, he Agnes Devanadera declared, that Joseph
declared that poverty eradication will be Estrada is seeking President Gloria Macapagal
one of the top priorities of his Arroyo's "full, free, and unconditional pardon."
administration.
• On October 25, 2007, President Gloria
• Won the Presidential election on 1998 as Macapagal Arroyo granted Joseph Estrada
he promised to be a friend of the poor. executive clemency based on the Department
• Estrada was able to establish anti-poverty of Justice's recommendation.
programs (LINGAP) yet failed to do his
duties with integrity. • "In view hereof, and pursuant to the
• On February 4, 2000, Estrada created a authority conferred upon me by the
trust account in PCI Bank (Bank Savings Constitution, I hereby grant Executive
clemency to Joseph Ejercito Estrada, convicted
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Joseph Ejercito Estrada
Presented for the course of Readings in Philippine History (GEPLH)
ITTM 2-1 Group 3

by the Sandiganbayan of plunder and imposed programs, social housing for LGUs, services for
a penalty of reclusion Perpetua. He is hereby the youth and children, ERAP (Enhanced Retail
restored to his civil and political rights," said Access for the Poor) sari-sari store, food,
Acting Executive Secretary and Press Secretary nutrition, and medical assistance, and the rural
Ignacio Bunye. waterworks system. 68% of the budget was
controlled by the local and national politicians,
POVERTY
32% from the NAPC.
• The administration target to reduce poverty
• The program failed to reach out even 1% of
from 32% to 25-28% by 2004 or to lift more
the poor population.
than 3.9 million Filipinos.
• The LGU has no sufficient time to identify the
• His vision for poverty is not just alleviation
poorest families from the non-poor.
but an ultimate eradication or getting close to
it as possible. • In 1998, the poverty incidence increased to
33% as per capita income declined to 2.6% and
• Most of the poor Filipinos are dependent on
the effect of El niño phenomenon but it could
agriculture as their source of income. Within
change the poverty percentage to 31 through
the agricultural sector, the farmers are
its recovery but seeing the increase of 2.1%
working in the production of coconut, corn,
population in a year, the poor population
rice, sugarcane, and the fishermen.
could also increase from 27.2 million to 28.3
• These are self-employed people who are million by 2000.
estimated to be half of the poor population in
• It was reported that one-third of the
the country which works on small farmland
population got worsened in 1999 due to an
considering its problem with the irrigation
increase in market prices and a reduction in
system.
the worker’s income.
• Although it has grown, it has limited support
in terms of infrastructures, farm-to-market
roads, irrigation systems for the crops on Group Recommendation (Social Issue)
which poor people in rural areas are
Issue Recommendations and Solutions
dependent on agricultural production.
• Elect politicians with
• The Agriculture and Fisheries
credible achievements and
Modernization Act focuses on Food Security,
high credentials in political
Poverty alleviation and social equity, Income
industry.
enhancement, and profitability, especially for
farmers and fisherfolk, Global • Release Government Fund
competitiveness, and Sustainability. Poverty due Records for Public
to massive Transparency.
corruption
Lingap Para sa Mahihirap or LINGAP • Adequate funds for the
agricultural sector in the
• It is coordinated under National Anti-Poverty low-lying areas.
Commission (NAPC) and the other local
government to reach out to 100 families that • Increasing the minimum
are considered to be the poorest in the wage income
province and city or about 16,100 households
for 644 barangays.

• The General Appropriations Act in 1999 has

a total budget of 2.5 billion appropriated to the Political Issues
LINGAP program.

• This implementation has six priority • Former President Joseph Ejercito Estrada
programs which comprise the livelihood
• Filipino actor turned politician
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Joseph Ejercito Estrada
Presented for the course of Readings in Philippine History (GEPLH)
ITTM 2-1 Group 3

• President of the Philippines for 3 years (1998 – • Doronila states that Estrada was strict and declare
2001) “unbreakable electoral decree” which allow him to
have unlimited power to do anything he pleased.
• May 29, 1998, Congress formally hailed Joseph
Estrada as President of the • Filipino realize the eternal bond between good
governance and liberal economy
• Philippines, with the highest victory percentage in
a free election in Philippine history. • Failed leadership has severe and immediate
consequences for the national economy.
• He was able to get almost 40% of the vote, easily
defeating his closest rival, de Venecia, who
garnered only 15.9%.
Group Recommendation (Political Issue)
• October 2000, a corruption scandal surfaced when
a fellow lawmaker claimed Estrada had collected Issues Solutions/Recommendations
millions of dollars in bribes.
Bribery/ Create measures that give Filipinos
• January 21, 2001, Estrada was thrown out of
fundamental tools to participate in their
office, and Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, his vice Corruption
governments, such as identifying
president, took over the presidency.
primary concerns and problems and
• September 2007, he was sentenced to 40 years of finding answers.
prison because of plundering.
Filipinos should use the power of
• Estrada's lack of competency when it comes to the technology to create powerful and
presidency's functions. progressive exchanges between main
stakeholders: government, citizens,
• Doronila's contribution revealed how the former business, media, academia, etcetera.
President displayed his lack of understanding of his
duties and commitments. The government should bring together
the formal and informal procedures,
• The second concern is patronage or favoritism. such as working with both government
Karina Constantino-David is the first cabinet and non-government organizations, to
official to withdraw from Estrada's administration modify behavior and check on the
due to his undue favoritism for personal friends. progress.
• The third and most major charge leveled against
Estrada is corruption, unlawful gambling and Competency Filipinos should vote for a leader that
misappropriation of taxpayer funds for personal Deficiency can plan and adapt, understands the
overplay. public’s emotions, and is politically
aware.
• Estrada didn’t pass one of the extensive economic
reform actions that he promised to the capitalist Aspirant leaders should think twice
that led to failure due to a weak economic about their candidacy, and they should
performance. be capable and not just powerful.

• Estrada show up impassive attending the

Favoritism/ Make mutual presumptions by making
statesmanship, he doesn’t communicate to other
Patronage sure that the employees that surround
civil society organization and business association.
the President get communicated to
• blamed his former administration for all the issue them. Also, make sure that everyone
and linked crime that was cleared up by his gets just chances to deliver the best on
political contender. their job.

• Estrada failed to do his job and dissolve famous Take an interest in getting to know what
directive bestowed upon him. the employees like to do after office
hours. Relating to their time can help
• Laquians denounce EDSA 2 movement for lacking
to convey the Filipino people’s actual feelings.

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Joseph Ejercito Estrada
Presented for the course of Readings in Philippine History (GEPLH)
ITTM 2-1 Group 3

dropped just a quickly and triggered the

them have an easier time concerning
Philippines’ largest stock.
themselves professionally.

When giving recognition, the focus • Foreign investors were turned off by cronyism.
should not be on the person but the • The advisers of Estrada denied that the
quality of the work and its achievement. President involved with Marcos’ style
cronyism, local and foreign investors gained
negative impression concerning with
cronyism.

Economic Issues • Foreign companies like Philips Electronics and

Johnson & Johnson pulled out of the
Philippines.
1. Poverty (Unemployment)
• Fiscal deficit deteriorated during his term.
The country’s economy had a sense of hope when
Estrada was elected as the president of the Philippines • Fiscal deficit occurs when a government is
as his first priority was to focus on the economy’s spending beyond its means comparing to its
improvement. He wanted to focus to the poor or the income. The fiscal deficit has been rising each
“masa” and to put up programs for them. year in which the fiscal deficit had doubled to
more than P100 billion from a low of P49
• The economic team under Estrada’s
billion in 1998.
administration was strong but failed to
capitalize on the gains of the previous • This fiscal deficit occurred is mainly due to
administration. growing demand for expenditure inadequate
revenue efforts.
• As the growth rate of the country’s GDP was -
0.6% in 1998, 3.3% in 1999 and 3.9% in the first • The increasing fiscal deficit results with
half of 2000, the Asian Development Bank was inflation as it weakens the growth of the
already predicting that the Philippines would economy due to borrowing of higher costs.
be the second slowest growing economy in
Asia.
3. Inflation
• Decrease of employment levels in the
agriculture and industrial sectors, from 29.1 • The blame for the poor state of the economy
million in July 1999 to 28.3 million in July 2000. from 1998 to 2001 was clearly due to the
Estrada government's corruption and illegal
• Unemployment increased by 32% from
procedures.
645,000 to 852,000.
• The prices of all oil products in the Philippines
• Regardless of the higher GDP growth rates,
have been raised by 55 centavos (1.3 cents)
there was still a year-on-year cutback of jobs
per liter by the country's major oil companies.
and as they would call it the “Job destruction”.
• With an increase of 55 centavos per liter, oil
companies won’t be unable to recover losses
2. Poor fiscal management incurred in the past months because of higher
global crude prices and a weaker peso.
• Two cronies of the late president Marcos
became the recipient of Estrada during his • There was a sharp depreciation of the peso.
term. With this, the president was accused to From P40 in January 2000, the Philippine peso
put forth an investigation of a friend's dropped into P49 in November of that year.
involvement in stock market manipulation. This was also the time when the Jueteng issue
of Estrada had popped up in the media.
• Estrada was blamed of profiting from trading
stock for BW Resources, operator of an online • The combination of fall of the peso and
bingo game, which blast 5,000 percent and increase of fuel prices that was caused by the

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Joseph Ejercito Estrada
Presented for the course of Readings in Philippine History (GEPLH)
ITTM 2-1 Group 3

Estrada administration has resulted into more

increase of prices.
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ITTM 2-1 Group 3

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