Reviewer

1. How many light years are there in 15 meters?

1 light year = 9.46 x 105 m

15m (1ly/9.46 x 105 m) = 1.586 x 10-15 ly
2. Two trucks of length of 19 meters each are moving in the same direction with a uniform speed
of 60 miles per hour on two parallel tracks. Truck on the right was ahead the other but the
driver from the left decides to overtake and accelerate by 1 m/s. If after 45s, the driver from left
just brushes past the driver from the right, what is the original distance between them?

Let x be the distance between then driver from the right and from the left. Initially, both truck is
moving in the same direction with the same speed of 60 miles per hour. So their relative
velocity = vB-vA = 0. Hence the driver from the left needs to cover a distance with a= 1m/s, t =
45 s, u = 0
do = ut + 1/2at2 = (1/2)(1)(45)2
do = 1012.5m
3. Two forces, A and B, give a resultant of 87N and a magnitude of 4:7. If the angle of inclination is
900, calculate the magnitude of each force.

A = 4x, B=7x, R=87N θ =90o

R = A + B - 2ABcosθ
2 2 2

87=√ ( 4 x ) + ( 7 x ) −( 2 )( 4 ) ( 7 ) x 2 cos ⁡(90)

2 2

X=10.79
A = 43.164
B = 75.54
4. For motion in two or three dimensions, what is the angle between velocity and acceleration
vectors?
a. 0°
b. 180°
c. Between 0° and 180°
d. 90°

For motion in one dimension, the velocity and acceleration are always along the same line
either in the same direction or in opposite direction. For motion in two or three dimensions,
the angle between velocity and acceleration vectors may have any value between 0° and
180°.
5. A passenger arriving in a new town wishes to go from the station to a hotel located 10km away
on a straight road from the station. A dishonest cabman takes him along a circuitous path 23km
long and reaches the hotel in 28 minutes, what is the average speed of the taxi?
a. 21.43km/h
b. 75km/h
c. 49.3km/h
d. 21km/h

C
Explanation: Magnitude of displacement = 10km
Total path length = 23km
Time taken = 28mins = 28/60h = 7/15h
Average speed = (Total path length)/(Time taken) = 23/(7/15) = 49.3km/h
6. A bullet of mass 0.04kg moving with a speed of 90m/s enters a wooden block and is stopped
after a distance of 60cm. What is the average resistive force exerted by the block on the bullet?
a) 15N
b) 54N
c) 22.50N
d) 270N

m = 0.04kg, u = 90m/s
v = 0, s = 60cm = 0.60m
v2-u2 = 2as
a = -6750m/s2
Therefore, retardation force = 0.04×6750 = 270N.
7. Fuel is consumes at the rate of 100kg/s in a rocket. The exhaust gases are ejected at speed of
4.5×104m/s. What is the thrust experienced by the rocket?
a. 3.19×106N
b. 4.5N
c. 3.19N
d. 4.5×106N

dm/dt = 100kg/s, u = 4.5×104m/s

Thrust, F = u*(dm/st) = 4.5×104×100 = 4.5×106N.
8. A train has to negotiate a curve of radius 400m. By how much should the putter rail be raised
with respect to inner rail for speed of 48 km/h? The distance between the rails is 1m.
a) 0.20m
b) 0.0454m
c) 0.45m
d) 0.020m

h = (v2 l)/rg
h = 402/32 = 0.0454m.
9. A gardener pushes a lawn roller through a distance of 20m. If he applies a force of 20kg weight
in a direction inclined at 60° to the ground, find the work done by him. (g=9.8m/s2)
a) 400J
b) 1960J
c) 250J
d) 2514J

F = 20kg wt = 20×9.8N
s = 20m
θ = 60°
W = Fscosθ = 20×9.8×20×cos⁡60°
W = 1960J.
 10. Water falls from a height of 60m at the rate of 15kg.s to operate a turbine. The losses due to
friction forces are 10% of energy. How much power is generated by the turbine? g=m/s 2
a. 7kW
b. 10.2kW
c. 12.3kW
d. 8.1kW

P = W/t=mgh/t=(15×10×60)/1 = 9000W = 9kW

Loss=10%
Useful power=90% of 9kW = (90×9)/100=8.1kW.
 11. The decrease in potential energy of a ball of mass 20kg, which falls from a height of 50cm, is?
a. 968J
b. 98J
c. 1980J
d. 450J

U = mgh
U = 20×9.8×0.50 = 98J.
 12. A moving body of mass m and velocity 3km/h collides with a rest body of mass 2m and strikes to
it. Now the combined mass starts to move. What will be the combined velocity?
a. 3km/h
b. 4km/h
c. 1km/h
d. 2km/h

By conservation of momentum,
m×3+2m×0=(m+2m)v
v = 1km/h.
 13. A beaker full of hot water is kept in a room. If it cools from 80°C to 75°C in t1 minutes, from 75°C
to 70°C in t2 minutes and from 70°C to 65°C in t3 minutes, then ___________
a) t1=t2=t3
b) t1 < t2 = t3
c) t1 < t2 < t3
d) t1 > t2 > t3

According to Newton’s law of cooling, Rate of cooling is proportional to temperature difference of the
body and its surroundings.
As the temperature of the body approaches the room temperature, rate of cooling decreases.
t1 < t2 < t3.
14. A Carnot engine working between 300 K and 600 K has a work output of 800 J per cycle. The
amount of heat energy supplied to the engine from source per cycle is ___________
a) 1200J
b) 1600J
c) 2400J
d) 3200J

Ƞ=W/Q1 =1-T2/T1 =1-300/600=1/2

Q1=2W=2×800=1600J.
15. A body executes simple harmonic motion. The potential energy, the kinetic energy and total
energy are measured as a function of displacement x. Which of the following statements is true?
a) Kinetic energy is maximum when x = 0
b) Total energy is zero, when x = 0
c) Kinetic energy is maximum when x is maximum
d) Potential energy is maximum when x = 0

The kinetic energy of a simple harmonic oscillator is maximum when x = 0.

 16. The equation of wave is given by
y=10sin(2πt/30+α)
If the displacement is 5cm at t=0, then the total phase at t=7.5s will be __________
a. π/3rad
b. π/2rad
c. 2π/5rad
d. 2π/3rad

y=10sin(2πt/30+α)
At t=0, 5=10sinα or sin α=1/2
α=π/6
Total phase at t=7.5s,
φ=(2π×7.5)/300+π/6=π/2+π/6=2π/3.
 17. When a plate of thickness 0.05 mm is placed in the path of a Michaelson Interferometer, a shift
of 100 fringes is observed for a light of wavelength 5000 Å. What is the refractive index of the
plate?
a) 1
b) 1.5
c) 2
d) 2.5

We know, μ = nλ/2t + 1
Here, λ = 5000 Å = 5 X 10-7 m, n = 100, t = 0.05 mm = 5 X 10-5m
Therefore, μ = 100 X 5 X 10-7/2 X 5 X 10-5 + 1
μ = 1.5.
 18. Calculate the minimum uncertainty in the momentum of a 4He atom confined to 0.40 nm.
a. 2.02 X 10-25 kg m/s
b. 2.53 X 10-25 kg m/s
c. 2.64 X 10-25 kg m/s
d. 2.89 X 10-25 kg m/s

We know that 4He atom is somewhere in the 0.40 nm region, therefore, Δx = 0.40 nm.
Using, Δpx ≥ ℏ/Δ*x
For minimum uncertainty, Δpx = 6.626 X 10-34 Js/2π X 0.40 X 10-9
= 2.64 X 10-25 kg m/s.
 19. Following is the diagram of a nuclear reactor. Identify X.

a) Control Rods
b) Core
c) Reflectors
d) Coolant

In the given figure, X is the reflectors, which helps in reducing the leakage, z are the control rods,
present for safety, and Y is the core, where the nuclear fission reaction takes place.
 20. In which of the following regions is E<V?

a) A
b) B
c) C
d) None of the regions

In the given figure, the region B is the one where the energy of the particle, E, is less than the potential
energy of the barrier. This is where the tunnel effect is observed.