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Principles of Sampling and Data Presentation

Stratified sampling was used to select a sample of 173 students from 5 sections with a total population of 300 students. The sample size for each section was determined by calculating the section's proportion of the total population and applying it to the total sample size. A line graph showed the reported number of live births in the Philippines from January 1995 to December 1996, which displayed a seasonal pattern with fluctuations each year.

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Kia Grace
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51 views3 pages

Principles of Sampling and Data Presentation

Stratified sampling was used to select a sample of 173 students from 5 sections with a total population of 300 students. The sample size for each section was determined by calculating the section's proportion of the total population and applying it to the total sample size. A line graph showed the reported number of live births in the Philippines from January 1995 to December 1996, which displayed a seasonal pattern with fluctuations each year.

Uploaded by

Kia Grace
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Principles of Sampling

What is the difference between population and sample?

 A population is the total group about whom you wish to draw conclusions. The sample is the
group from whom you will or desire to collect data. Furthermore, the sample size is always
less than the whole population.

A sample has to be drawn from 5 different sections composed of 300 students as shown in the table
below. How will you draw the sample using the stratified sampling method, using a 5% margin of
error? show the solution and the sample you will get per section.

𝑁 300
𝑛= 𝑛= = 171.4285714 𝑜𝑟 172
1+𝑁𝑒² 1+(300)(0.05)²

Section No of students Solution Sample per section

BSMD 1Y1-1 66 66 / 300 x 172 38

BSMD 1Y1-2 52 52 / 300 x 172 30

BSMD 1Y1-3 75 75 / 300 x 172 43

BSMD 1Y1-4 59 59 / 300 x 172 34

BSMD 1Y1-5 48 48 / 300 x 172 28

TOTAL 300 173

2. Data Presentation

When you construct a table, when might it be beneficial to use relative rather than absolute
frequencies?
 When examining a frequency distribution, it is useful to know how many values, rather than
how many in total, occur inside a certain interval.

What types of graphs can be used to display nominal or ordinal observations? Discrete or continuous
observations?
 A bar chart can be used to depict a nominal or ordinal observation. Histograms can be
generated by either discrete or continuous observation.
The reported numbers of live births in the Philippines for each month in the period January 1995 to
December 1996 are listed below:

MONTH 1995 NUMBER (THOUSANDS) MONTH 1996 NUMBER


(THOUSANDS)
January 325 January 334

February 312 February 304

March 346 March 360

April 340 April 330

May 355 May 361

June 342 June 333

July 358 July 352

August 346 August 350

September 365 September 357

October 355 October 345

November 324 November 332

December 342 December 325

a. Construct a line graph displaying the reported number of live births over time.
b. Based on this two-year period, do you think the number of live births follows a seasonal
pattern in the Philippines?
 Given that the data undergoes periodic, predictable changes each year, the answer is
"yes”. Each year, the number of live births fluctuates; it can be low or large,
depending on the control of the individuals.

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