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Approaches in Literary Criticisms

This document discusses approaches to literary criticism and appropriate language for academic and professional contexts. It provides examples of formalist, gender, historical, reader-response, Marxist, and media criticism approaches. It emphasizes using discipline-specific terminology appropriately depending on the target audience, such as using technical scientific terms for other scientists but being more informal and avoiding jargon for a general audience. Learning critical approaches and language is important for clearly expressing views in an organized, convincing, and polite manner.

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JulieSanchezErsando
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674 views34 pages

Approaches in Literary Criticisms

This document discusses approaches to literary criticism and appropriate language for academic and professional contexts. It provides examples of formalist, gender, historical, reader-response, Marxist, and media criticism approaches. It emphasizes using discipline-specific terminology appropriately depending on the target audience, such as using technical scientific terms for other scientists but being more informal and avoiding jargon for a general audience. Learning critical approaches and language is important for clearly expressing views in an organized, convincing, and polite manner.

Uploaded by

JulieSanchezErsando
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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English for Academic and

Professional Purposes

Approaches to
Literary
Criticisms
Activity 1: Say Something!
When you express your
views, it is also important to
use appropriate language for
a specific discipline. There
are terms that you should
prefer to put in your writing
Expected decorum as we

depending on the field or


navigate our virtual classroom

context you are in.


For example, if you are to
convince people who are
experts in the field of
Science and Mathematics,
you need to use their
language. Here are
Expected decorum as we
navigate our virtual classroom
examples of terms that you
can use in the following
disciplines.
For example...
Science
General Terms
Experiments; Lab
equipment; Invention; Test: Materials; Action;
Laboratory Test; Hormones Pregnancy Test; Family.
and Genes

Mathematics

Equation; Statistical tool;


Solution; Result;
Equivalent Values
You should be formal and use technical
terms that are familiar to them. However,
if your audience is the general public,
you also need to use the language they
know.
Do not use those that are not common to
them. Avoid jargons or technical words
and slang or invented words. You can be
informal when necessary. However, you
must never forget to be POLITE to avoid
having future problems.
Learning appropriate language
and manner is not enough in
expressing your views.
There are critical approaches that
you can use to make it more
convincing and appropriate.
Critical Approaches (Literary
Criticisms) sometimes called
"lenses", are different
perspectives we can consider in
analyzing or interpreting a text.
1. Formalist/Structuralist Approach
This approach regards literature as “a unique form of human
knowledge that needs to be examined on its own terms.”

All the elements necessary for understanding the work are contained within
the work itself. Of particular interest to the formalist critic are the elements of
form—style, structure, tone, imagery, etc.— that are found within the text. A
primary goal for formalist critics is to determine how such elements work
together with the text’s content to shape its effects upon readers.
1. Formalist/Structuralist Approach

Holds the true meaning of a text can be determined only by analyzing the
literary elements of the txt and by understanding how these elements work
together to form a cohesive whole.
This approach “examines how sexual
2. Gender identity influences the creation and
Criticism reception of literary works.”
Feminist criticism attempts to correct this imbalance
by analyzing and combatting such attitudes—by
Gender questioning, for example, why none of the characters in
Criticism Shakespeare’s play Othello ever challenge the right of a
husband to murder a wife accused of adultery.
Other goals of feminist critics include “analyzing how
sexual identity influences the reader of a text” and
Gender “examining how the images of men and women in
Criticism imaginative literature reflect or reject the social forces
that have historically kept the sexes from achieving
total equality.”
3. Historial
Approach
This approach “seeks to
understand a literary work by
investigating the social, cultural,
and intellectual context that
produced it—a context that
necessarily includes the artist’s
biography and milieu.”

key goal for historical critics is to


understand the effect of a literary work
upon its original readers.
4. Reader-Response
Criticism
This approach takes as a fundamental
tenet that “literature” exists not as an
artifact upon a printed page but as a
transaction between the physical text
and the mind of a reader.

It attempts “to describe what happens in the


reader’s mind while interpreting a text” and
reflects that reading, like writing, is a creative
process.
4. Reader-Response
Criticism

TEXT + READER = MEANING


5. Marxist Criticism
It focuses on the economic and political elements of art, often emphasizing the
ideological content of literature; because Marxist criticism often argues that all art is
political, either challenging or endorsing (by silence) the status quo, it is frequently
evaluative and judgmental, a tendency that “can lead to reductive judgment.
5. Media Criticism
It is the act of closely examining and
judging the media.

When we examine the media and various media


stories, we often find instances of media bias. Media
bias is the perception that the media is reporting the
news in a partial or prejudiced manner.
5. Media Criticism

Media bias occurs when the media seems to


push a specific viewpoint, rather than reporting
the news objectively. Keep in mind that media
bias also occurs when the media seems to
ignore an important aspect of the story. This is
the case in the news story about the puppies.
Activity 2: Say it
Properly!
Since you have learned that it is
important to use appropriate language,
you
can already express your ideas
appropriately.
Let us try to use
appropriate language
and manner in raising our
contrary views
about the issue on
“Teenage Pregnancy.”
Target Audience: Students aged 13-19
Purpose: State your views about the issue
Language: Formal and Simple so that the target
audience can easily understand it
Write your stand about
the issue and consider
the given information.
Use terms that are
familiar to students like
you.
Activity 3: What
others say
Did they like how you
Look for two or more persons who express your views?
are also students or it can be an Why or why not?

adult. Ask them to read what you


have written by sending it to them
through personal message or email. What were their
Ask them what they think of your comments? How do
written output. Listen to their you feel about it?

comments and suggestions. You


can also write them down so that 4 PM to 6 PM

you can remember their responses


when you answer the reflection
questions below.

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