Rolled steel joists

Bs4:1980

Tapered flanges

5”x3” and above was superseded by ub

The best for supporting structure for under slung cranes

Greater root thickness than other section of the beam

Much greater strength to resist transverse bending due to the rollers

Replaced by universal beam which is stronger weight to weight

Rolled steel joists

Bs4:1980

Tapered flanges

5”x3” and above was superseded by universal beams

Better suited to supporting under slung cranes

Greater thickness at the roots than other section

Much greater strength to resist the bending stress due to the runners

Was replaced by universal beam which is stronger weight to weight

Universal beam

Bs4:2005 -1

Parallel flanges

Thick flanges and web

Large beam section

Each nominal size has varying weights

Universal beam
Bs4:2005 -1

Parallel flanges

Thick flanges and webs

Large beam section

Each nominal size has varying weights

Older ubs were rolled with tapered flanges of just under 3degree

Universal beam

Bs4:2005-1

Parallel flanges

Thick flanges and webs

Large beam section

Each nominal size has varying weights

Older ubs were rolled with tapered flanges for just under 3degree

Ubs

Bs4:2005-1

Parallel flanges

Thick flanges and webs

Large beam section

Each nominal size has varying weights

Older ubs were rolled with tapered flanges for just under 3degree

Universal column

Mainly used as a supporting column in supporting structure

Square section but can be made with very thick flanges

Suitable for high transverse stress due to the wheel loading

Bs4:2005

Mainly used as supporting column in supporting structures

Square section but can be made with very thick flanges

Suitable for high transverse stress due to wheel loadings

Rolled steel angles

Used as strengthening ribs particularly in box section crane girders

Found as bracing in lattice supporting structure

Found in between gantry supporting columns as strengthening braces

Rolled steel angle

Used as strengthening ribs particularly in crane girder box section

Used as bracing in lattice supporting structure

Used as strengthening braces in gantry supporting structure

Rolled steel angles

Used as strengthening ribs, particularly in box section crane girder

Found as bracing in lattice structure

Used as strengthening braces in between gantry supporting columns

Rolled steel angle

Used as strengthening ribs, particularly in crane box section girder

Used as bracing in lattice supporting structure

Used as strengthening braces in between gantry supporting columns

Rolled steel angles

Used as strengthening ribs, particularly in crane box section girder

Used as bracing in lattice structure

Used as strengthening structure in between gantry support columns

Used as strengthening ribs, particularly in crane box section girder

Used as bracing in lattice structure

Found as strengthening braces in between gantry supporting columns

Rolled steel channels

Used to strengthening standard beam section

Used to cap beam which increases the strength in x and y planes

Capped beam has grater spans than standard ubs

Rolled steel channel

Used for strengthening the beam section

Using beam cap can increase the strength in x and y planes

Using capped beams can achieve grater spans than using standard universal beam

Rolled steel channel

Used for strengthening standard beam section

Using beam cap can increases the strength in x and y planes

Using capped beam can achieve grater spans than that can be achieves by standard universal beam

Skew loading

When two wheels roll a long a rail the horizontal forces normal to the rail and tending to skew the
supporting structure.
The end carriage wheelbases should be sufficient to minimize the skew loading on the supporting
structure

Skew loadings

When two wheels roll along a rail the horizontal forces is normal to the rail and tending to skew the
supporting structure

To minimize the skew loading on the crane supporting structure the end carriage wheelbase must be
sufficient

Bolt used for connection

8.8 grade bolt used to connect the end carriages to bridge

10.9 grade bolt should be used for inside mounted application.

Bolts should be formed so that the nut will come loose due to the vibration in side the crane

Nylock, half/full nut, serrated or split washers are used for this purpose

Skew loading

When 2 wheels roll on the rail the horizontal forces normal to the rail and tending to skew the structure

The end carriages wheelbase must be sufficient to prevent the skew loader of supporting structure from
the crane

Bolts used for connection

Bolts used to connect the end carriages to the bridge should be minimum of 8.8 grade

And bolts used for inside mounting should be of 10.9 grade

Bolts used for connection should be formed so that they prevent the nut coming loose due to the
vibration within the crane, nylock, half/full nut locking, split or serrated washer are used for this
purposes

End carriage buffers

Normally over head cranes equipped with long travel limit switch, but they should be equipped with
buffers to prevent heavy impact between the end carriage and the gantry end stops.

Buffers are made of rubber and polyurethane

Used to extend the end carriage length

Used to keep cranes away from each other at a certain distance on the same gantry

Used to accommodate the width of maintenance platform

Used to limit the crane wheel loading in a particular span of the gantry

Buffer extensions

Can be used to extend the end carriage length

Can be used to keep multi cranes away form each other at a certain distances on the same gantry

Can be used to accommodate the maintenance platform width

Can be used to avoid wheel load on a certain span on the gantry

Derailment facility

Derailment catch – rail sweep plate – guide rollers

A machine must be equipped with a device that act on the guide rails to prevent derailment. If still thre
is a risk of derailment, rail failure or running component device must be provided to prevent the
component or load from falling or the machine from overturning

Machine should be equipped with a device that act in the guide rail to prevent the machine derailment.
If still there remains a risk of derailment, rail failure running components a device preventing equipment
from running component or load falling or crane overturning.

Derailment facility

Machine should be equipped with a device act on the guide rail to prevent crane derailment.

If still there is a risk of derailment, running component or rail failure a device should be equipped to
prevent crane component load failing or crane from overturning

Derailment catch – rail sweep plate – guide rollers

Used to prevent the starting torque of the motor putting undue stress on the mounting bolts and
gearbox connection

Torque brackets

Used to prevent the motor starting torque putting undue stress on the mounting bolts and gearbox
connections

The motor power transmitted via transmission shaft which is connected to the motor via spider coupling
onto gearbox input pinion and onto a drive pinion to splined drive gear inside the rope drum and the
brake situated at the end of gearbox

The motor power transmitted via a transmission shaft which is connected to the motor by spider
coupling through into gearbox input pinion and onto a drive pinion to splined drive gear inside the rope
drum the brake situated in the end of the gearbox

The motor power transmitted via a transmission shaft which is connected to the motor using spider
coupling through into gearbox input pinion and onto a drive pinion to splined gear inside the rope drum

The motor power is transmitted via transmission shaft which is connected to the motor by spider
coupling through into gearbox input pinion and onto a drive pinion to splined gear inside the rope drum
the motor situated at the end of the gearbox

The motor power transmitted via transmission shaft which is connected to the motor using spider
coupling through into gearbox input pinion and onto a drive pinion to a splined drive gear inside the
rope drum

Flanged drum end plates shall protrude beyond the rope wound in the top layer for at least 1.5x nominal
rope dia

Rope around drum end from side loading

Flanged drum end plates shall protrude beyond the rope wound at the top layer by at least 1.5x rope
nominal diameter

Rope around drum end from side loading

Flanged drum end plates shall protrude beyond the wound of the rope at the top layer by at least 1.5x
rope nominal dia
Flanged drum end plates shall protrude beyond the rope wound at the top layer by at least 1.5x rope
nominal dia

Flanged drum end plates shall protrude beyond the rope wound at the top layer by at least 1.5x rope
nominal dia