M11GM Q1Module10
M11GM Q1Module10
General Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 10:
Logarithmic Function
General Mathematics – Grade 11
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 10: Logarithmic Function
First Edition, 2020
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Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-
by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the teachers are also
provided to the facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on
how they can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any
part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises
and tests. Read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering
the task in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or
facilitator.
Thank you.
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
the Intercepts, Zeroes, and Asymptotes of Logarithmic Function. The scope of this
module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language
used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them
can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper. If you think the options are not enough, write your own answer.
1. The logarithmic problem uses the connectors at least, greater than, more
than, and at most. Which of the logarithmic is referred?
a. Logarithmic Equations c. Logarithmic Property
b. Logarithmic Inequality d. Logarithmic identity
2. Which of the following is/are the common application of logarithmic
equations in real life problems?
a. Richter Scale c. pH -Level
b. Sound Intensity d. All of the above
3. The solution to the logarithmic equation is also known as
a. Horizontal Asymptote c. Zero
b. Vertical Asymptote d. y-intercept
2 E
4. The equation R = log 4.40 is an equation of
3 10
a. Sound Intensity c. pH -Level
b. Richter Scale d. Love
I
5. The equation D = 10 log is an equation of
10−12
a. Sound Intensity c. pH -Level
b. Richter Scale d. Love
1
6. The equation log is the formula for
H+
a. Sound b. Richter Scale c. pH-Level d. Love
c. How many years will take so that the Population of the Philippines
become 109,000,000?
d. What is the rate of growth of the Philippine population?
“The 2013 earthquake in Bohol Cebu had a magnitude 7.2 while the 2012
earthquake that occurred in Negros Oriental recorded a 6.7 magnitude. How
much more energy was released by the 2013 Bohol Cebu earthquake compared
to that by the Negros Oriental earthquake?”
9. Which of the following should be determined?
EnergyCebu Earthquake
a. c. Energy Negros Earthquake( EnergyCebu Earthquake)
EnergyNegros Earthquake
EnergyNegros Earthquake
b. d. Energy Negros Earthquake + ( EnergyCebu Earthquake)
EnergyCebu Earthquake
For items 13-15, refer your answer from the problem below:
“The population of the Philippines can be modeled by the function P(x)=
20,000,000e0.0251x where x is the number of years since 1955 (x=0 at year 1955).
Assuming that this model is accurate, in what year will the population reach 200
Million?”
What’s In
B. A culture starts at 2,000 bacteria, and doubles every 80 minutes. How long will
it take the number of bacteria to reach 10,000?
D. Suppose that a fish population t days from now can be modeled by an exponential
function P(t) = Aekt. Suppose that the fish population doubled in 90 days. By how
much will the fish have multiplied from its initial number after 120 days?
What’s New
P(x) = 20, 000, 000 · e0.0251x , based on this model we will reach 100 Million in
the year 2019. But last July 2014, the Philippines officially welcomed its 100
Millionth baby. Hence mathematical models must always be reviewed and
verified against new data.
What is It
2 E
The magnitude R of an earthquake is given by R = log 4.40 where E (in joules) is
3 10
the energy released by the earthquake (the quantity 10 4.40 joules is the energy
released by a very small reference earthquake).
(b) How much more energy does this earthquake release than the reference
earthquake?
Solution:
2 1014 2 2
Answer. Magnitude R = log 4.4 = log 109.6 = (9.6) = 6.4 . The earthquake
3 10 3 3
released 1014/104.40 = 109.6 = 3981071706 times more energy than that by the
reference earthquake.
Sound Intensity
Solution:
a. What is the corresponding sound intensity in decibels?
Given that I
D = 10 log
10 −12
10−6
D = 10 log −12
10
D = 10 log 10 −6+12
D = 10 log 106
(Since by definition, we have log 106 =6,) D = 10(6) = 60
Thus, D = 10(6) = 60 decibels.
b. This sound is 10–6 /10–12= 106 = 1,000,000 times more intense than the
least audible sound a human can hear.
B. How much more intense is this sound than the least audible sound a
human can hear?
Answer.
A. Sound intensity
I 100 102
D = 10 log −12
= 10 log −12
= 10 log −12
= 10 log 102+12 = 10(log 1014 ) = 10(14) = 140
10 10 10
decibels .
B. This sound is 102/10–12 = 1014 times more intense than the least audible
sound a human can hear.
The pH level is –log 10–5. Since log 10–5is the exponent by which 10
must be raised to obtain 10–5, then log 10–5 = –5. Thus, pH = – (log 10–5) = – (–
5) = 5. Thus the concentration is acidic.
(a) Find A and k, and (b) use the model to determine the number of bacteria after 3
hours.
Solution.
a. Find A and k,
It is given that f(0) = 5,000 and f(90) = 12,000.
To find A, use
f(t) = Aek(t) , let t = 0 to get
f(0) = Aek(0) , since f(0) = 5,000, substitute it to the equation,
5000 = Aek(0) , simplify to get
5000 = Ae 0, since any number raise to zero is one, then we get,
5000 = A(1), simplify
5000 = A
To find k, use
f(t) = Aek(t) , let t=90 and A=5000
f(90) = 5000ek(90) , Since, f(90)=12,000, substitute it to the equation
12000 = 5000ek(90) , Divide both sides by 5000, and get
12
= e90k , Take the ln of both sides to obtain
5
12
ln = lne90k, Use the Law of logarithm to obtain,
5
12 12
ln = 90k Since ln ≈ 0.8755 , then
5 5
0.8755 ≈ 90k, Divide both sides by 90 to obtain,
0.00973 ≈ k , Therefore, k ≈ 0.00973
The exponential model is f(t) = 5,000e0.00973t .
b. use the model to determine the number of bacteria after 3 hours.
Practice 4. A culture starts at 2,000 bacteria, and doubles every 80 minutes. How
long will it take the number of bacteria to reach 10,000?
Answer. A model for this situation is y = 2000(2) t/80, where y is the number of
bacteria at time t.
y = 2000(2)t/80 , Substitute y = 10,000
185.7 = 𝒕
Hence, it will take approximately 185.7 or 186 minutes for the bacteria to
reach 10,000.
What’s More
1. When organisms die, the amount of carbon-14 in its system starts to decrease.
The carbon-14 is about 5,600 years. If a piece of human bone was found to contain
only 1/3 of the carbon-14 it originally had, how long ago did the human die?
2. A culture starts at 2,000 bacteria, and doubles every 70 minutes. How long will
it take the number of bacteria to reach 10,000?
3. Under certain circumstances, a rumor spreads according to the equation
1
P(t ) = , where P(t) is the proportion of the population who has heard of
1 + 15e −0.3t
the rumor at time t days. How long will it take the rumor to reach 80% of the
population?
5. The dapdap tree in the Philippines is prone to wasp infestation. Suppose that the
300
percent P of defoliation is approximated by P = , where x is the
3 + 17e −0.0625 x
number of egg masses in thousands. If the percent of defoliation is 20%,
approximately how many egg masses are there?
What I Can Do
Suppose that I0 and I denote the light intensity before and after going through a
1 I
material. Then according to Beer-Lambert’s law, x = − ln where k is a constant
k I0
that depends on the material. If k = 0.03 and I0 = 15 lumens, find the line intensity
at a depth of 30 feet.
Assessment
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper. If you think the options are not enough, write your own answer.
2 E
1. The equation R = log 4.40 is an equation of
3 10
a. Sound Intensity c. pH -Level
b. Richter Scale d. Love
I
2. The equation D = 10 log is an equation of
10−12
a. Sound Intensity c. pH -Level
b. Richter Scale d. Love
1
3. The equation log is the formula for
H+
a. Sound b. Richter Scale c. pH-Level d. Love
4. The logarithmic problem uses the connectors at least, greater than, more
than, and at most. Which of the logarithmic is referred?
a. Logarithmic Equations c. Logarithmic Property
b. Logarithmic Inequality d. Logarithmic identity
5. Which of the following is/are the common application of logarithmic
equations in real life problems?
a. Richter Scale c. pH -Level
b. Sound Intensity d. All of the above
6. The solution to the logarithmic equation is also known as
a. Horizontal Asymptote c. Zero
b. Vertical Asymptote d. y-intercept
7. The population growth P(x) is exponential in nature where x is the number of
years after 1955, P(x)=20,000e0.0251x, which of the questions can be solved using
logarithmic function?
a. Find the value of P(20).
b. What is the population of the Philippines after 20 years?
c. How many years will take so that the Population of the Philippines
become 109,000,000?
d. What is the rate of growth of the Philippine population?
EnergyNorthCotabato Earthquake
a. c. Energy Malungon Earthquake( Energy NorthCotabato Earthquake)
EnergyMalungon Earthquake
EnergyMalungon Earthquake
b. d. Energy Malungon Earthquake + ( Energy NorthCotabato Earthquake)
EnergyMalungon Earthquake
12. How much more energy was released by the 2019 North Cotabato earthquake
compared to that by the Malungon earthquake??
a. 2.818 b.1.031 c. 0.781 d. 0.451
For item 13-15, refer your answer from the problem below:
Enrichment
When organisms die, the amount of carbon-14 in its system starts to decrease. The
carbon-14 is about 5,600 years. If a piece of human bone was found to contain
only 1/4 of the carbon-14 it originally had, how long ago did the human die?
Lexicon Press. First Edition 2016
Department of Education. General Mathematics Teacher’s Guide. Philippines.
Lexicon Press. First Edition 2016
Department of Education. General Mathematics Learner’s Manual. Philippines.
Books
References
Assessment
1. B 10. B
2. A 11. A
1. C 12.A
2. B 13. B
3. D 14. A
4. C 15. B
5. C
6. D
7. A
What I Can Do What's More What I Know
15e-0.9 = 6.10 Lumens 1. 8,876 1. B 10. A
2. 162.53 2. D 11. B
Enrichment 3. 14 3. C 12. D
11,200 years 4. 2.6 times 4. B 13.B
5. 34,241.05 5. A 14. A
6. C 15.C
7. C
8. D
9. A
Answer Key
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