PRACTICAL EXERCISE 3B

MNAB 312/ 412/ 422

I. Give your ideas about leading as a function of management.:

1. Identify five (5) Electrical/Geodetic/Electronics/Mechanical Engineers in the
Philippines. Describe his/her leadership style. Are there important changes that
have to be made in his style? List down the proposed character change applicable.
a. Eduardo C. San Juan (aka The Space Junkman) is a Filipino Mechanical
Engineer Inventor. He worked on the team that invented the Lunar Rover
or Moon Buggy. He is considered the primary designer of the Lunar Rover
used by NASA astronauts. San Juan is a NASA engineer was also the
designer for the Articulated Wheel System. Prior, to the Apollo Program,
Eduardo San Juan worked on the Intercontinental Ballistic Missile
(ICBM).Despite using home-made materials, his model which was chosen
over other hi-tech designs.

b. Geronimo Z. Velasco. The late mechanical engineer Ronnie Velasco was

winner of the 1977 Management Man of the Year Award, first president of
Philippine National Oil Company (PNOC). He was chairman of Republic
Glass Holdings Corp. which used to own the pioneer factory supplying 70
percent of Philippine glass requirements for home and building
construction since 1956. The firm sold its shares in Republic-Asahi Glass
Corp. to its Japanese partner Asahi Glass in 2001.

Velasco was a protégé of the smart yet controversial American Jewish

self-made tycoon Harry Stonehill, who tasked Velasco in the late 1950s
with building the Philippines’ pioneer glass manufacturing factory.
Velasco also served as energy minister from 1978 to 1986, implementing
President Marcos’s then strategic goal of reducing Philippine dependence
on imported oil.

c. Diosdado “Dado” Banatao. The Filipino high-tech entrepreneur and

innovator in Silicon Valley, California is an electrical engineering cum
laude graduate from the Mapua Institute of Technology with a master’s in
electrical engineering and computer science from Stanford University. I
met him in California in 2001. His cousin, Dr. Orlando “Orly” Banatao
Molina, is now a candidate for president of the Polytechnic University of
the Philippines (PUP), which he hopes to upgrade, similar to Asia’s best
schools like the Hong Kong Polytechnic University.

d. Ramon S. Ang. This mechanical engineering graduate of Far Eastern

University is now the dynamic boss who is transforming San Miguel Corp.
from a beer giant into a diversified conglomerate with huge investments in
 infrastructure, energy and other fields. Due to Ang’s bold strategic
reforms, beer and foods now constitute only 20 percent of San Miguel’s
total businesses.

e. Henry Lim Bon Liong. This mechanical engineering graduate of UP

batch 1972 is a leader in Philippine paper products with Sterling Paper
Group. In recent years, Lim has become more known as a pioneer of
hybrid rice technology with his SL Agritech Corp. which seeks to promote
Philippine rice self-sufficiency. He is now one of the vice presidents of the
Federation of Filipino-Chinese Chambers of Commerce & Industry, Inc.
(FFCCCII).

2. Identify twenty (20) successful leaders in the country. Provide his/her

achievements and accomplishments.
a. Emilio Aguinaldo
One way to remember the first president of the Philippines First Republic
is to look at the five peso coin. Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo's face used to grace
the five peso bill (which is not used anymore). The back of the bill shows
him holding the Philippine flag at the celebration of the Philippine
Independence Day.
Contributions and Achievements:
 first (and only) president of the First Republic (Malolos Republic)
 signed the Pact of Biak-na-Bato, creating a truce between the Spanish
and Philippine revolutionaries
 known as the President of the Revolutionary Government
 led the Philippines in the Spanish-Philippine War and the American-
Philippine War
 youngest president, taking office at age 28
 longest-lived president, passing away at 94

b. Manuel L. Quezon
After 34 years of Insular Government under American rule, Philippine
voters elected Manuel Luis Quezon first president of the Commonwealth
of the Philippines. He is known as the “Father of National Language”
(Ama ng Wikang Pambansa). He died of tuberculosis in Saranac Lake,
New York.
Contributions and Achievements:
 first Senate president elected as President of the Philippines
 first president elected through a national election
 first president under the Commonwealth
 created National Council of Education
 initiated women’s suffrage in the Philippines during the
Commonwealth
  approved Tagalog/Filipino as the national language of the Philippines

c. José P. Laurel
José P. Laurel's presidency is controversial. He was officially the
government's caretaker during the Japanese occupation of World War II.
Criticized as a traitor by some, his indictment for treason was superseded
later by an amnesty proclamation in 1948.
Contributions and Achievements:
 since the early 1960s, Laurel considered a legitimate president of the
Philippines
 organized KALIBAPI (Kapisanan sa Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas,
or Association for Service to the New Philippines), a provisional
government during Japanese occupation
 declared Martial Law and war between the Philippines and the
U.S./United Kingdom in 1944
 with his family, established the Lyceum of the Philippines

d. Sergio Osmeña
Sergio Osmeña was the second president of the Commonwealth. During
his presidency, the Philippines joined the International Monetary Fund.
Contributions and Achievements:
 became president at 65, making him the oldest person to hold office
 first Visayan to become president
 joined with U.S. Gen. Douglas McArthur in Leyte on October 20, 1944
to begin restoration of Philippine freedom after Japanese occupation
 Philippine National Bank was rehabilitated and the country joined the
International Monetary Fund during his presidency
 Bell Trade Act was approved by the U.S. Congress during his
presidency

e. Manuel Roxas
Manuel Roxas was the fifth president of the Philippines: the third (and
last) president under the Commonwealth, and the first president of the
Third Republic of the Philippines. He held office for only one year, 10
months, and 18 days.
Contributions and Achievements:
 inaugurated as the first president of the new Republic after World War
II
 reconstruction from war damage and life without foreign rule began
during his presidency
 under his term, the Philippine Rehabilitation Act and Philippine Trade
Act laws were accepted by Congress
f. Elpidio Quirino
Elpidio Quirino served as vice president under Manuel Roxas. When
Roxas died in 1948, Quirino became president.
Contributions and Achievements:
 Hukbalahap guerrilla movement active during his presidency
 created Social Security Commission
 created Integrity Board to monitor graft and corruption
 Quezon City became capital of the Philippines in 1948

g. Ramon Magsaysay
Ramon Magsaysay was born in Iba, Zambales. He was a military governor
and an engineer. He died in an aircraft disaster while boarding the
presidential plane.
Contributions and Achievements:
 Hukbalahap movement quelled during his presidency
 chairman of the Committee on Guerrilla Affairs
 first president sworn into office wearing Barong Tagalog during
inauguration
 presidency referred to as the Philippines' "Golden Years" for its lack of
corruption
 Philippines was ranked second in Asia’s clean and well-governed
countries during his presidency
 established National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Administration
(NARRA) among other agrarian reforms

h. Carlos P. Garcia
A lawyer, poet, and teacher, Carlos P. Garcia also served as a guerrilla
leader during the Pacific War. Born in Bohol, Garcia serviced as vice
president under Ramon Magsaysay and as secretary of Foreign Affairs for
four years. He became president when Magsaysay died in 1957.
Contributions and Achievements:
 known for “Filipino First Policy,” which favored Filipino businesses
over foreign investors
 established the Austerity Program focusing on Filipino trade and
commerce
 known as the “Prince of Visayan Poets” and the “Bard from Bohol”
cultural arts was revived during his term

i. Diosdado Macapagal
 Born in Lubao, Pampanga, Diosdado Macapagal was a lawyer and
professor. His daughter Gloria Macapagal Arroyo was the 14th, and
second female, president of the Philippines.
Contributions and Achievements:
 established the first Land Reform Law, allowing for the purchase of
private farmland to be distributed in inexpensive, small lots to the
landless
 placed the Philippine peso on the currency exchange market
 declared June 12, 1898 to be Philippines’ Independence Day
 signed the Minimum Wage Law
 created the Philippine Veteran’s Bank

j. Ferdinand Marcos
Born in Sarrat, Ilocos Norte, Ferdinand Edralin Marcos was a lawyer and
Senate President for three years. He was president for 21 years. He ruled
under martial law and his dictatorship was known for its corruption and
brutality. Marcos was removed from office after the People Power
Revolution.
Contributions and Achievements:
 first president to win a second term
 declared Martial Law on Sept. 22, 1972
 increased the size of Philippine military and armed forces
 by 1980 the Philippine GNP was four times greater than 1972
 by 1986 the Philippines was one of the most indebted countries in Asia
 built more schools, roads, bridges, hospitals, and other infrastructure
than all former presidents combined

k. Corazon Aquino
The first woman president of the Philippines and the first woman to
become president of an Asian country, Corazon Aquino was born in
Paniqui, Tarlac. She was a prominent figure in the People Power
Revolution that brought down Ferdinand Marcos' dictatorship. Her
husband, Benigno Aquino Jr., was a senator during the Marcos regime and
its strongest critic. He was assassinated while Marcos was still in power.
Contributions and Achievements:
 first woman to be president of the Philippines or any Asian country
 restored democracy
 abolished the 1973 Marcos Constitution and ushered in the new
Constitution of the Philippines
 reorganized the structure of the executive branch of government
 signed the Family Code of 1987, a major civil law reform, and 1191
Local Government Code, which reorganized the structure of the
executive branch of government
  initiated charitable and social activities helping the poor and the needy

l. Fidel V. Ramos
Fidel V. Ramos was the chief-of-staff of the Armed Forces of the
Philippines before he became president. He was also a civil engineer. As
president, he restored economic growth and stability in the country, even
during the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997. He is the first, and so far the
only, non-Catholic president of the Philippines.
Contributions and Achievements:
 oversaw Philippine economic growth
 presided over celebrations of Philippine Independence Centennial in
1998
 received British Knighthood from the United Kingdom by Queen
Elizabeth II (Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St. Michael and St.
George)
 hosted the fourth Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Leader's Summit
in the Philippines in 1996
 Philippine Stock Exchange became an international favorite during his
presidency
 death penalty reinstated while he was in office
 signed peace agreement with the rebel Moro National Liberation Front

m. Joseph Estrada
Known as Erap, Joseph Estrada was the first president who had been a
famous film actor. His presidency was controversial. During his years in
office economic growth was slow and he faced impeachment proceedings.
He was ousted from the presidency in 2001. He was later convicted of
stealing from the government but was pardoned. He ran unsuccessfully for
president in 2010.
Contributions and Achievements:
 during his presidency Moro Islamic Liberation Front headquarters and
camps were captured

 joined other leaders and politicians to try to amend the 1987

Constitution
 cited as one of the Three Outstanding Senators in 1989
 among the “Magnificent 12” who voted to terminate the agreement that
allows for U.S. control of Clark Airbase and Subic Naval Base

n. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

 Gloria Macapagal Arroyo was the 14th, president of the Philippines (and
the second female president). The Oakwood Mutiny occurred during her
term. Arroyo oversaw road and infrastructure improvements and higher
economic growth that presidents before her, but there was also
controversy. The so-called "Hello Garci" controversy involved recordings
that allegedly captured Arroyo ordering the rigging of the election that put
her in office. In 2005 Arroyo faced impeachment proceedings related to
the recordings but the impeachment failed. After she had left office Arroyo
faced additional charges of election fraud and misuse of state funds.
Contributions and Achievements:
 second female president of the country
 first and only female vice-president of the Philippines so far
 first president to take oath outside Luzon
 former Economics professor at the Ateneo de Manila University,
where current president Benigno Aquino III was one of her students
 ex-classmate of former U.S. President Bill Clinton at Georgetown
University’s Walsh School of Foreign Service, where she maintained
Dean’s list status
 oversaw higher economic growth than the past three presidents before
her
 peso became the best-performing currency of the year in Asia in 2007
 eVAT Law was implemented under her term
o. Benigno Aquino III
Benigno Aquino III joined the House of Representatives and the Senate
before his presidency. He is the first president who is a bachelor; he is
unmarried and has no children.
Contributions and Achievements:
 created the no "wang-wang" (street siren) policy
 appointed statesman Jesse Robredo to serve as secretary of Interior and
Local Government in 2010, where Robredo served until his death in
2012
 initiated K-12 education in the Philippines
 renamed the Office of the Press Secretary to Presidential
Communications Operations Office and appointed new officers
 suspended allowances and bonuses to Government Owed and
Controlled Corporation and Government Financial Institution board
members
 oversaw 7.1% growth of the Philippine economy in 2012
p. Rodrigo Roa Duterte
 Among Rodrigo Roa Duterte’s major achievements, seven stand out.
On these achievements alone, he can claim to have been a good
president.
 Tax reform, under Finance Secretary Sonny Dominguez, which made
the Philippines one of the fastest-growing economies in Asia.
 Build, Build, Build, under Department of Public Works and Highways
(DPWH) Secretary Mark Villar who raised infra spending to an
average of 5.14 percent of GDP, from Fidel Ramos 1.7 percent;
Joseph Estrada 1.62 percent; Gloria Arroyo 1.5 percent; and Benigno
Aquino III 2.7 percent.
Duterte poured more money into infrastructure — over P6 trillion in
six years — than any president before him, In the last five years alone,
the DPWH under Villar built 145,000 classrooms, 2,000 school
buildings, 5,555 bridges, and 26,500 kms. of roads, access roads,
expressways, and tollways.
 Transportation modernization under Department of Transportation
Secretary Art Tugade who made mass transportation safe, reliable, and
available.
Tugade increased RoRo shipping routes from 120 (servicing 223 ships
and 2.8 million vehicles) in 2016 to 181 by 2020. He targets additional
41 to service 325 ships and 4.8 million vehicles.
Art completed more than 200 airport projects, 400 seaports, and 21
new lighthouses to reach 564 lighthouses. New airport terminals were
built for Mactan, Clark, Ormoc, and Kalibo. Bicol Airport was
restarted after an 11-year delay.
NAIA improved from being one of the worst airports in the world to
being the most improved by 2018. The laglag-bala racket, where
NAIA passengers were suddenly found to have bullets in their luggage
(an excuse for huge extortion) stopped completely.
 Free college education for all with 1.6 million enjoying it by 2020, up
36 percent from 2019.
According to Duterte, “we expanded the access of Filipinos to quality
and equitable tertiary education through RA no. 10931 or the Universal
Access to Quality Tertiary Education Act, which I signed on August 3,
2017.”
This law provides various financial assistance and scholarships to
student beneficiaries in state universities and colleges and local
universities and colleges (SUCs and LUCs). This law, among others,
institutionalized the Free Higher Education (FHE), Tertiary Education
Subsidy (TES), Student Loan Program, and Free Technical and
Vocational Education and Training (TVET).
 An independent foreign policy
Manila pivoted to Beijing without losing Washington’s friendship and
support. The US was forced to return the Balangiga bells of Samar
which were seized by the US Army as war trophy after the locals
wiped out an entire infantry regiment of 48 men and wounded 78 other
 American soldiers. The Philippines had demanded the return of the
bells which were used to signal the Filipino rebels to attack the US
GIs.
 Duterte reduced red tape for the masses and made oligarchs toe the
line.
Of course, under Duterte, crime went down but extrajudicial killings
became rampant. Now, the President faces the grim prospect of being
tried before the International Criminal Court in The Hague for crimes
against humanity. Our Supreme Court has told Duterte to cooperate
with the ICC.
 Universal health care. Insurance coverage expanded from 90 percent
of the population to 100 percent.
facilities with 140,000-bed capacity and 36 million in vaccine arrivals.
A Philippine Center for Disease Control is planned and a Virology
Institute is under construction.

q. Manuel V Pangilinan
MVP is the undisputed “Telecom King” and also now “Sports Czar” of the
Philippines as the No. 1 patron of sports. A former investment banker, this
Ateneo economics cum laude and Wharton MBA graduate is a badminton-
playing workaholic. He is boss of multinational First Pacific Group as well
as Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company (PLDT), Smart
Communications, Manila Electric Company (MERALCO), Maynilad
Water Services Inc., Metro Pacific Investments Corporation, Medical
Doctors Inc., TV5, etc. He told this writer that he is concerned about
Philippine economic development and sports. Through his MVP Sports
Foundation, he now provides money and logistical support to boxing,
cycling, basketball, football, taekwondo, badminton, tennis and running
sports associations. Some people are urging the 65-year-old MVP to
someday run for president of the Philippines.

r. Ramon S. Ang
This hardworking and gutsy business whiz is so bullish about investing in
big companies and big projects in the Philippines. Educated as an
engineer, the 57-year-old RSA is president of Southeast Asia’s biggest
beer and food conglomerate San Miguel Corp., which has grown and
diversified in breathtaking speed and scope under his stewardship. He is
also boss of biggest oil refiner Petron and many other firms. He has the
complete trust of tycoon Eduardo “Danding” Cojuangco Jr., with whom he
shares a passion for cars. Fluent in Hokkien and Mandarin, he told this
writer that any big government project that can help the Philippine
economy, San Miguel is interested to bid and invest in. Ramon Ang is
generous in philanthropy and wants to build up San Miguel as a world-
 class conglomerate. Roberto Ongpin said of RSA: “The guy works 18
hours a day!”

s. Jaime Augusto Zobel de Ayala

Chairman of the board of directors of Ayala Corporation, Globe Telecom,
Inc., Bank of the Philippine Islands, and Integrated Micro-electronics, Inc.;
vice-chairman of Ayala Land, Inc. and Manila Water Co., Inc.; and co-
vice-chairman of Ayala Foundation, Inc. etc., the 52-year-old JAZA is an
economics cum laude graduate of Harvard and he also earned his MBA
from Harvard Business School. His son is also studying at Harvard. In
2007, Harvard Business School gave him with its highest honor, the
Alumni Achievement Award in recognition of “his innovative,
entrepreneurial style of management.” Zobel is active in various socio-
civic causes, including chairman of the World Wildlife Fund in the
Philippines. In 2006, the Management Association of the Philippines gave
JAZA its Management Man of the Year Award. Last year, he received the
Asia Talent Management Award at the 9th CNBC Asia Business Leaders
Awards held in Singapore. He is chairman of Harvard Business School
Asia-Pacific Advisory Board and member of Harvard University Asia
Center Advisory Committee. He is a member of the board of trustees of
The Singapore Management University and Asian Institute of
Management. At least once a year, he and his kin would ride adventure
motorcycles in the back roads of foreign countries like Mexico or South
Africa.

t. Lucio C. Tan
This ascetic, frugal and workaholic self-made business taipan is boss of
Philippine National Bank, Philippine Airlines, Asia Brewery, Allied Bank,
Tanduay Holdings, Eton Properties, University of the East and many other
firms. He built his wealth mainly with Fortune Tobacco, the Philippines’
top cigarette manufacturer, which he merged with Philip Morris
International in 2010. Forbes magazine recently cited Lucio Tan as one of
Asia’s top philanthropists, having been a generous donor to many
educational, medical, cultural and other causes. His family has their
philanthropic Tan Yan Kee Foundation named after his late father.
Through the Federation of Filipino-Chinese Chambers of Commerce &
Industry, Inc. (FFCCCII), of which he is the chairman emeritus, Tan has
donated many public schoolbuildings to poor rural barrios nationwide
through FFCCCII’s unique “Operation: Barrio Schools” project.

3. Describe president Duterte as a leader. What is his leadership style?

Duterte's political positions have been described as populist, as well as nationalist.
His political success has been aided by his vocal support for the extrajudicial
killing of drug users and other criminals. His career has sparked numerous
 protests and attracted controversy, particularly over human rights issues and his
controversial comments. Duterte has repeatedly confirmed to have personally
killed criminal suspects during his term as mayor of Davao. Extrajudicial killings
that were allegedly committed by the Davao Death Squad between 1998 and 2016
during Duterte's mayoralty have also been scrutinized by human-rights groups and
the Office of the Ombudsman; the victims were mainly alleged drug users, alleged
petty criminals, and street children. The International Criminal Court opened a
preliminary investigation into Duterte's drug war in 2018, prompting Duterte to
withdraw the Philippines from the body in response. He is the only president in
the history of the Philippines not to declare his assets and liabilities. Duterte's
popularity and domestic approval rating remained relatively high throughout his
presidency and by the end of his term, he was the most popular post-EDSA
president.

II. Give your ideas about controlling.:

1. Why is the controlling function of management important?
One of a manager’s most important functions is to direct and control the actions of
employees. Control management is critical to making sure processes and systems
are running effectively within your organization.

Tightly controlled management processes don’t happen by accident, and they’re

never complete – they are always ongoing. As NASA heartbreakingly realized in
1986 with the explosion of the space shuttle Challenger, all processes, major and
minor, come together to create the whole.

With the Challenger disaster, a seemingly straightforward decision-making

process in O-ring manufacture went awry. As your business grows and day-to-day
organization becomes more complex, processes (or a lack of them) can result in
corporate catastrophe.

Once your company commits to control management, perfected pieces of the

organizational puzzle come together to form one highly effective, optimized
whole.

2. What is the controlling process of management?

To comprehend the concept in a business context, it is important to distinguish
‘control’ from ‘management’. You can do this by remembering the following:
Manage something = to do something
Controlling something = monitor something
Also referred to as ‘change management,’ control management sets standards,
measures performance and takes corrective action. Control management is
dynamic – it responds to change and keeps company goals front and center. It is
 continuous, action-centered, and end-to-end, with effectiveness and efficiency its
primary purpose.
A control management system is working if it:
 Assists in achieving organizational goals.
 Minimizes errors.
 Utilizes and distributes resources effectively.
 Evaluates the accuracy of standards.
 Instils discipline and order.
 Motivates employees and boosts morale.
 Ensures future planning by revising standards.
 Improves overall organizational performance.

3. In your opinion, is controlling the last function of management?

No, management should have continual improvement. Assessing if the type of
process currently used is effective and if not, find ways on how to improve it.