NAME REG.

NO

AHMAD FAIQ IFWAT BIN AZMAM 24DTP20F1026

MUHD NAIM BIN OSMAN 24DTP20F1020

MUHAMMAD FIRDAUS BIN 24DTP20F1004

OTHMAN

MINI PROJECT 1
DJF51072: JIG AND FIXTURE DESIGN
SESSION 1 2022/2023

LECTURER’S NAME PN.ZALAIDA BINTI TALIB

 TABLE OF CONTENT

NO CONTENT PAGE
1.0 INTRODUCTION 3-4
1.1 OBJECTIVES PROJECT 4

2.0 METHODOLOGY 4-7

2.1 FLOWCHART 4-7

2.2 GANTT CHART 7

3.0 DRAWING 8-30

3.1 SKETCH DESIGN 8

3.2 DESIGN DETAIL 9-23

3.3 ASSEMBLY DESIGN 24-28

3.4 EXPLODED DESIGN 29-30

4.0 DISSCUSION 31-37

4.1 SUSTAINABILITY 31

4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL 31

4.4 THE PRINCIPLE OF THE JIG DESIGN 32-35

4.5 MAINTENANCE OF JIG 36-37

5.0 CONCLUSION 37-38

6.0 REFERENCES 39
1.0 INTRODUCTION

Some machining operation are very simple which can be done quite easily. For
example turning milling, the job is held in position in the chuck and turning operation
is done easily. There is no other device require to hold the job or to guide the tool on
the machine in such an operation. But some operations are such type in which the
tool is required to be guided by means of another device and also some jobs are
such forms which are required to be held in position on the machine by means of
another device. The device which guides the tool is called jig and the devices which
holds the job in position is called fixture.

Jigs and fixtures are special purpose tool which are used to facilitate production
(machining, assembling and inspection operations), when work piece is based on the
concept of interchangeability according to which every part will be produced within
an established tolerance. Jigs and fixtures provide on means of manufacturing
interchangeable parts since they establish a relation with predetermined to tolerance
between the work and cutting tool.

A jig is may be defined as a device which hold and position the work, locate or
guides the outing tool relative to the work piece and usually not fixed to the m/c
table. It is usually lightly in construction. Jigs are used on drilling, reaming, tapping
and counter boring operations, while fixtures are used in connection with turning,
milling, grinding, shaping, planning and boring operations. In this kind of mini project,
the jig that will be produce is related to mechanical application and this project will be
created to design the suitable jigs for welding the parts.
 1.1 OBJECTIVES PROJECT

The objective of this project is:

I. To produce and design a suitable jigs for welding process.

II. To securely locate, position in a specific location or orientation and support

the work.

III. To create a simple but effective jig and fixtures that have capacity to perform
the function.

IV. To make all the product achieve the required dimension for all manufacturing.

V. To create a productive jig that can be used to do a production.

2.0 METHODOLOGY

2.1 FLOWCHART

A flowchart is a formalized graphic representation of a logic sequence, work or

manufacturing process, organization chart, or similar formalized structure. The
purpose of a flow chart is to provide people with a common language or reference
point when dealing with a project or process. Flowcharts use simple geometric
symbols and arrows to define relationships.
Mini project brief

The starting of the mini project is started with a brief introduction about the
importance of Mini Project and presentation by lecturer.

Find group members

Find a group of member among classmates for mini project.

Planning

Planning stage is to focus more briefing the idea of the project. Plan the concept idea
of the design for jigs for mechanical application before started to sketch and dividing
task to team members.

Sketching

Sketching part is the part after know the problem to be solved. The sketching of the
project must have criteria or elements that always a jigs and fixtures need such as
clamping, locator, tool guiding and setting element. Then, develop the concept idea
to the purpose concept.

Checking

The product sketching need to be shown to the lecturer.A lecturer will decide
whether the product/parts can be accepted or not.If NO,a process will repeat at
planning stage.If YES, a process will continue to data analysis process.

Data Analysis

Data analysis is to analysis what kind of product that want to use. The process of
evaluating data using analytical and logical reasoning to examine each component of
the data provided. Data from various sources is gathered, reviewed, and then
analyzed to form some sort of finding or conclusion. There are a variety of specific
data analysis method, some of which include data mining, text analytics, business
intelligence, and data visualizations.

Design Outcome

Design that had been choose and proceed by a lecturer.

Final Design

Final design which is from design outcome that had been choose.
Technical Report

A report that records the procedure adopted and results obtained from a scientific or
technical activity or investigation. A report that include drawing details, objective of
the product and many more.

Presentation

Present our complete product to a lecturer.

2.2 GANTT CHART

A Gantt chart, commonly used in project management, is one of the most popular
and useful ways of showing activities (tasks or events) displayed against time. On
the left of the chart is a list of the activities and along the top is a suitable time scale.
Each activity is represented by a bar; the position and length of the bar reflects the
start date, duration and end date of the activity.

Task/Time Week 1 Week 2 Week 3

Mini project brief
Find group
members
Planning
Sketching
Checking
Data analysis
Design outcomes
Final design
Technical report
Presentation
3.0 DRAWING

3.1 SKETCH DESIGN

 3.2 DESIGN DETAILS
Product

Top tube Seat tube

Head tube
Seat stay

Down tube
Chain stay

A bicycle frame is the main component of a bicycle, onto which wheels and other
components are fitted. The modern and most common frame design for an upright
bicycle is based on the safety bicycle, and consists of two triangles: a main triangle
and a paired rear triangle. This is known as the diamond frame.Frames are required
to be strong, stiff and light, which they do by combining different materials and
shapes. A frameset consists of the frame and fork of a bicycle and sometimes
includes the headset and seat post. Frame builders will often produce the frame and
fork together as a paired set.

Parts Function
Head Tube Contains the headset, the bearings for the fork via its steerer tube.
Top Tube Connects the top of the head tube to the top of the seat tube.
Down Tube Connects the head tube to the bottom bracket shell.
Seat Tube Contains the seat post of the bike, which connects to the saddle.
Seat Stay Connect the top of the seat tube to the rear fork dropouts.
Chain Stay Run parallel to the chain, connecting the bottom bracket shell
(which holds the axis around which the pedals and cranks rotate) to
the rear fork ends or dropouts.
 6 5 4 3 2 1

D D

C C

B B

A ISO VIEW Designed by

FAIQ IFWAT
Checked by

PN.ZALAIDA
Approved by Date Date

22/11/2022
A

(1:2) PRODUCT BICYCLE FRAME

POLITEKNIK BANTING SELANGOR Edition Sheet
BICYCLES FRAME 1/1
6 5 4 3 2 1
Jig Design and Parts

No Base Parts Function Material

1 Aluminium Used for a references to joint a Aluminium
Extrusion Steel 590 seat tube and adjustable to
mm expanding a width of jig
2 Aluminium Used for a references to joint a Aluminium
Extrusion Steel 360 seat stay and chain stay
mm
3 Aluminium Used for a references to joint a top Aluminium
Extrusion Steel 470 tube and down tube
mm
 6 5 4 3 2 1

D D

590,00 ISO VIEW

C C
(1:4)

B B

TOP VIEW
( 1 : 3.5 )
R0 3,00
,50 590,00
74,00

20,00
0
n5,0

A FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW Designed by Checked by Approved by Date Date

A
( 1 : 3.5 ) ( 1 : 3.5 )
MUHD NAIM PN.ZALAIDA 22/11/2022

ALUMINIUM FRAME BASE

POLITEKNIK BANTING SELANGOR Edition Sheet
ALUMINIUM EXTRUSION STEEL 590MM 1/1
6 5 4 3 2 1
 6 5 4 3 2 1

D D

508,00
C C

SCALE ( 1 :3 )
ISO VIEW

B B

SCALE ( 1 : 3 )
TOP VIEW
508,00
74,00

20,00
3,00

n5,00

SCALE ( 1 : 3 ) SCALE ( 1 : 3 )
FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW
Date Date
A Designed by Checked by Approved by
A
MUHD NAIM PN.ZALAIDA 22/11/2022

ALUMINIUM BASE FRAME

POLITEKNIK BANTING SELANGOR Edition Sheet
ALUMINIUM EXTRUSION STEEL 360MM 1/1
6 5 4 3 2 1
 6 5 4 3 2 1

D D

ISO
618,00

C C
(1:4)

B B

TOP VIEW
618,00
( 1 : 3.5 )
74,00
12,00

20,00
0
n5,0
FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW
A ( 1 : 3.5 ) ( 1 : 3.5 )
Designed by Checked by Approved by Date Date
A
MUHD NAIM PN.ZALAIDA 22/11/2022

ALUMINIUM FRAME BASE

POLITEKNIK BANTING SELANGOR Edition Sheet
ALUMINIUM EXTRUSION STEEL 470 MM 1/1
6 5 4 3 2 1
No Parts Function Material
1 Base (Extrusion Part of the product where it is to Aluminium
Steel) put material and supporting
surface.
2 Aluminium Connected with cone to a base part Aluminium
Extrusion Steel which as a support for clamping
20x20 mm parts.
3 Aluminium Used for hanging a head tube and Aluminium
Extrusion Steel be adjustable to clamp a head tube
20x20x184 mm by its desired measurement .
4 Corner Bracket Used as 90 degree angle Stainless
reinforcement. Typically, used to Steel
join a two parts together.
5 Down Tube A dummy axle connected at base to Steel, Alloy
support a rear bicycle dropouts.
6 Bottom Bracket Used to support a bottom bracket Steel Mild
shell of a bicycle frame.
7 Cone Used to aligned the head tube and Silicone
seat tube of a bicycle frame. Nitride
8 Fastener Create a non - permanent joints Steel, Alloy
between two material or parts and
can be removed or dismantle.
9 Screw An internal thread that helps Stainless
pull fastened materials Steel
together and prevents pull-out.
 6 5 4 3 2 1

D D
1052,00

C C

40,00 ISO VIEW

(1:9)
TOP VIEW
(1:9) 1052,00
74,00
74,00

590,00 74,00

B B
590,00

148,00

470,00

20,00 360,00

A FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW Designed by Checked by Approved by Date Date

A
FAIQ IFWAT
(1:9) (1:9) PN.ZALAIDA 8/11/2022

ALUMINIUM BASE FRAME

POLITEKNIK BANTING SELANGOR Edition Sheet
BASE 1/1
6 5 4 3 2 1
 6 5 4 3 2 1

D D
20,00

3,00
7,50

TOP VIEW
( 1.5 : 1 )
C ISO VIEW C
(1:1)

0 ,50

R0
R
00

,5
n5,

0
12,00
0
,5
9,00

R0
B B

12,00
144,00

FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW

( 1.5 : 1 ) ( 1.5 : 1 )

Date Date
A Designed by Checked by Approved by
A
MUHD NAIM PN.ZALAIDA 8/11/2022

ALUMINIUM EXTRUSION STEEL 20X20 MM

POLITEKNIK BANTING SELANGOR Edition Sheet
ALUMINIUM EXTRUSION STEEL 20X20MM 1/1
6 5 4 3 2 1
 6 5 4 3 2 1

D D

184,00

3,50 6,50
20,00

C C
TOP VIEW
(1:1) ISO VIEW
(1:1)

0
,5
R0

R0
,50 ,0 0
B n5 B
18,00

18,00
3,00
, 50
R0

12,00

SIDE VIEW
FRONT VIEW
(1:1)
(1:1)
Date Date
A Designed by Checked by Approved by
A
MUHD NAIM PN.ZALAIDA 8/11/2022

ALUMINIUM EXTRUSION STEEL 20X20 MM

POLITEKNIK BANTING SELANGOR Edition Sheet
ALUMINIUM EXTRUSION STEEL 184MM 1/1
6 5 4 3 2 1
 6 5 4 3 2 1
20,00

17,00

D 0 D
,5
R1
3,00

ISO VIEW
(2:1)
C C

TOP VIEW
(4:1)
3,00
24
,0

B B
4

8,00
20,00
3,00

20,00 18,00

A FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW Designed by Checked by Approved by Date Date

A
FAIQ IFWAT PN.ZALAIDA 8/11/2022
(4:1) (4:1) CORNER BRACKET
POLITEKNIK BANTING SELANGOR Edition Sheet
CORNER BRACKET 1/1
6 5 4 3 2 1
 6 5 4 3 2 1

D D

3,00

ISO VIEW ( 1 : 2 )
3,00
20,00

n10,00
C C

213,00

TOP VIEW
(1:1)

R5
,0
0

,00
3,00

n3
B B
10,00

10,00
3,00

210,00
15,00

FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW

(1:1) (1:1)

Date Date
A Designed by Checked by Approved by
A
FAIQ IFWAT PN.ZALAIDA 8/11/2022

DOWN TUBE
POLITEKNIK BANTING SELANGOR Edition Sheet
DOWN TUBE 1/1
6 5 4 3 2 1
 6 5 4 3 2 1

D D
170,00

n20,00
n3,00

C C
ISO VIEW
(1:1)
TOP VIEW
(1:1)

n2
B 0 ,0 B
0

n3,00
n20,00

n3
0,0
0

FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW

(1:1) (1:1)

Date Date
A 10,00 140,00
Designed by Checked by Approved by
A
20,00 MUHD FIRDAUS PN.ZALAIDA 8/11/2022

BOTTOM BRACKET
POLITEKNIK BANTING SELANGOR Edition Sheet
BOTTOM BRACKET 1/1
6 5 4 3 2 1
 6 5 4 3 2 1

0, 00
n5

D D

n 20, 00

ISO VIEW
(1:1)
C C

TOP VIEW
(2:1)

35,00
B B
50,00

15,00
n3,00
Date Date
A Designed by Checked by Approved by
A
FAIQ IFWAT PN.ZALAIDA 8/11/2022
FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW
CONE
(2:1) (2:1) POLITEKNIK BANTING SELANGOR Edition Sheet
CONE 1/1
6 5 4 3 2 1
 6 5 4 3 2 1

D 20,00 D

0
n3,0
13,59

C ISO VIEW C

(5:1)

TOP VIEW
(5:1)

8,23
B B
3,00

n3,00
50
R 0, 3,54
20,00

FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW

(5:1) (5:1)
Date Date
A Designed by Checked by Approved by
A
FAIQ IFWAT PN.ZALAIDA 8/11/2022

FASTENER
POLITEKNIK BANTING SELANGOR Edition Sheet
FASTENER 1/1
6 5 4 3 2 1
 6 5 4 3 2 1

,0 0
n4

D D
n3,00
2,00

2,00

TOP VIEW
R2 ( 14 : 1 )
C ,0 C
0 0,60
0,25

0,95
ISO VIEW
( 14 : 1 )

7,95
B B
6,00

2,40
n3,00
Date Date
A Designed by Checked by Approved by
A
FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW MUHD FIRDAUS PN.ZALAIDA 8/11/2022

( 14 : 1 ) ( 14 : 1 ) POLITEKNIK BANTING SELANGOR

SCREW
Edition Sheet
SCREW 1/1
6 5 4 3 2 1
 3.3 ASSEMBLY DESIGN

Base Assembly Parts

Jig Assembly Parts

Jig Assembly Part With Product

 6 5 4 3 2 1

3
D 2 4 D

C C

PARTS LIST
ITEM QTY PART NUMBER MATERIAL
1 3 ALUMINIUM EXTRUSION Aluminum 6061, Welded
B B
STEEL 590MM

2 2 ALUMINIUM EXTRUSION Aluminum 6061, Welded

STEEL 360MM

3 2 ALUMINIUM EXTRUSION Aluminum 6061, Welded

6 1 5 STEEL 470 MM

4 16 CORNER BRACKET Stainless Steel, Austenitic

SCALE ( 1 : 4 ) 5 32 SCREW Stainless Steel, 440C
6 32 FASTENER Steel, Alloy
Date Date
A Designed by Checked by Approved by
A
FAIQ IFWAT PN.ZALAIDA 22/11/2022

ISO VIEW BASE FRAME ASSEMBLY

POLITEKNIK BANTING SELANGOR Edition Sheet
ALUMINIUM FRAME BASE ASSEMBLY 1/1
6 5 4 3 2 1
 6 5 4 3 2 1

D D

C C

B B

Date Date
A Designed by Checked by Approved by
A
ISO VIEW FAIQ IFWAT PN.ZALAIDA 22/11/2022

(1:4) JIG BICYCLE FRAME ASSEMBLY

POLITEKNIK BANTING SELANGOR Edition Sheet
JIG BICYCLE FRAME 1/1
6 5 4 3 2 1
 Part List
Item Quantity Part Number Material
1 43 Screw Stainless
Steel,440C
2 43 Fastener Steel, Alloy
3 1 Aluminium Aluminium
Base Frame 6061,
Welded
4 1 Aluminium Aluminium
Extrusion 6061,
Steel Welded
20x20x184mm
5 1 Bottom Steel, Mild
Bracket
6 3 Aluminium Aluminium
Extrusion 6061,
Steel Welded
20x20mm
7 19 Corner Stainless
Bracket Steel,
Austenitic
8 3 Cone Silicone
Nitride
9 1 Down Tube Steel, Alloy
 6 5 4 3 2 1

D 1 D

2
C C

B B

PARTS LIST
ITEM QTY PART NUMBER MATERIAL
1 1 JIG BICYCLE FRAME
2 1 BICYCLES FRAME Steel, Mild, Welded
Date Date
A Designed by Checked by Approved by
A
MUHD FIRDAUS PN.ZALAIDA 22/11/2022
ISO VIEW
JIG BICYCLE FRAME WITH PRODUCT
(1:4) POLITEKNIK BANTING SELANGOR Edition Sheet
JIG BICYCLE FRAME WITH PRODUCT 1/1
6 5 4 3 2 1
 3.4 EXPLODED DESIGN

Part List
Item Quantity Part Number Material
1 43 Screw Stainless
Steel,440C
2 43 Fastener Steel, Alloy
3 1 Aluminium Aluminium
Base Frame 6061,
Welded
4 1 Aluminium Aluminium
Extrusion 6061,
Steel Welded
20x20x184mm
5 1 Bottom Steel, Mild
Bracket
6 3 Aluminium Aluminium
Extrusion 6061,
Steel Welded
20x20mm
7 19 Corner Stainless
Bracket Steel,
Austenitic
8 3 Cone Silicone
Nitride
9 1 Down Tube Steel, Alloy
 6 5 4 3 2 1

4
D D
2
3 6 7

C C

B B

Date Date
A 8
Designed by Checked by Approved by
A
FAIQ IFWAT PN.ZALAIDA 22/11/2022

JIG BICYCLE FRAME EXPLODED

POLITEKNIK BANTING SELANGOR Edition Sheet
JIG BICYCLE FRAME EXPLODED 1/1
6 5 4 3 2 1
4.0 DISCUSSION

4.1 SUSTAINABILITY

1. Industry innovation and infrastructure

• Upgraded infrastructure and promote innovative sustainable technologies. We

created a jigs design with another material that can reduce cost but still have
a same efficiency and to create a sustainability in industries.
2. Affordable and Clean Energy

• We can ensure a clean energy and affordable because its not use a too much
energy consumption. The jig can be held and controlled by adjust the position
or angle freely by human energy consumption.
3. Responsible consumption and production

• Being a concious while making a jig about how its are affected to environment
and take an action Reduce a consumption of heavy material to avoid and
accident while working.

4. Accuracy and Efficiency

• A locating parts at a jig which gives the product become accurate and
efficiency when it produce at a large quantity.

5. Stability of jig design

• This jig can be placed on tis fixture on can be hung on the wall.This ensure
that a jig have a high stability during the work process.

6. Maintenance

• It is very easy to do maintenance on a jig.Its only can be changed for a certain

parts of a jig that found damages during welding process.Changing a certain
parts of a jig are cheaper than changing all the parts.
 4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL

Noice Reduction
• The jig with its process are less produce a sound that can disrupting the
environment.

Zero Chemical Production

• It does not produce a chemicals in term of smoke that can harm humans life

4.3 THE PRINCIPLE OF THE JIG

DESIGN(HOW IT WORKS)

The raw steel or part of frame bicycle will go through cutting process to desired
shape and its dimension before using this jig in welding process.
The jigs can be placed to its fixture or can be hung on the wall.

Head tube and seat tube are placed first to the jigs.Seat tube was inserted first as a
reference for manufactured a duplicate product.Head tube and seat tube are
clamped with cone and tighten the screw so it can be accurate when welding
process started.
Down tube and Top tube are placed between head and seat tube.

Corner bracket at head stay have to be adjusted by loosen it and must be closed to
seat stay and tighten it back so that down tube and top tube are not moving or fell to
the ground.
Seat stay and chain stay tube are placed between chain support and Seat Tube.

Corner bracket at chain support have to be adjusted by loosen it and must be closed
to seat stay and tighten it back so that chain stay and seat stay tube are not moving
or fell to the ground.
When all parts are assembly together at the jigs. Then, welding process can be
done. Welding process that used are Tungsten Innert Gas (TIG) because the steel
are very thin and does not required a high heat temperatures.The welding process
are controlled manually by human/workers.

4.4 MAINTENANCE OF JIG

• Cleaning the aluminium base frame

The best way to keep a an aluminium frame base looking pristine is regular
cleaning to remove any build up of dirt after jig has been used. If left for an extended
period of time, grime can cause staining and depending on the extent of staining will
require a harsher cleaning system to remove the stain.

1. Douse the aluminium base frame with water using a hose. It will make the job
easier by removing the majority of the superficial dirt.
 2. Wash the frames in warm water solution with a non alkaline liquid detergent.
This may be either a special aluminium cleaner or a normal house hold
laundry detergent. Make sure the PH of the cleaner is less than 7.

3. After the detergent wash, scrub the frame with a sponge OR a non abrasive
cloth OR a very soft bristle brush. Pay more attention on ridges, grooves and
joints where the contaminants are usually collected. With a smooth scrubbing
you can easily eliminate the grime and other deposits.

4. Now rinse thoroughly with clean water, Make sure to rinse any residue or dirt
left over by the cleaning product.

5. Use a soft cotton cloth to dry the frame top to bottom.

• Cleaning stainless steel

Dirt deposits on stainless steel including dust, dirt, fingermarks, and

identification markings are easily removed. Frequently, warm or hot water with or
without detergent is sufficient. For slightly more aggressive cleaning, use
scouring powder with a small amount of vinegar. Rinsing in clean hot water
should always follow cleaning. When water is known to contain mineral solids,
which leave water spots, the surface must be dried with soft towels. Caution must
be used so the towels do not pick up abrasives and scratch the surface.
Oils can typically be removed using isopropyl alcohol or xylene. In cases where
these solvents don’t work, acetone, methyl or ethyl alcohol, toluene, and mineral
spirits will be more effective, but require some precautions. These solvents are
flammable and may leave behind a residue. It is important to remove all of the
contaminant and the residue by using a warm or hot water rinse or pressure
spray.
Adhesives are best removed using alcohol, xylene, or mineral spirits. It will often
leave streaking; therefore, should be followed with a glass cleaner or similar
cleaner that utilizes ammonia.

5.0 CONCLUSION
 Jigs and fixtures are manufacturing tools that are employed to produce
interchangeable and identical components. They are unique tool-guiding and work-
holding devices designed specifically for machining and assembling large number of
parts. They eliminate the need for a special set-up for every work-piece thereby
facilitating production and also ensuring that every work piece is manufactured within
a predetermined tolerance.

There are numerous advantages that are associated with the use of jigs and
fixtures, they include: production increase, low variability in dimension thereby
leading to consistent quality of manufactured products, manufacturing cost reduction,
interchangeability and high accuracy of parts, reduces the need for inspection and
quality control expenses, reduces accident as safety is improved, semi-skilled
machine operators can easily use them thereby saving the cost of manpower.

Other benefits are: the machine tool can be automated to an appreciable extent,
complex and heavy components can be easily machined, easy assembly operations
save labour, reduction of defective products, elimination of the need for measuring,
marking out, punching, positioning, alignments, and setting up for each work-piece
thereby reducing the cycle and set up time, increase technological capacities of
machine tools, setting of higher values of some operating conditions like depth of
cut, speed, and rate of feed can be attained because of the increased clamping
capability of jigs and fixtures.

As the conclusion, this project must achieve all the objectives above. From this
project, the design of the jig and fixtures of this mechanical application can rigid and
stable for support product during machining operation. This kind of jig and fixtures,
can make all product achieve the required dimension for all manufacturing process
because of the accuracy and economical of the jigs for this welding application. Also
can achieve less reject project and low cost of manufacturing because no rejection
during mass production.

6.0 REFERENCES
7.0 Instructables. (2017, October 20). Bicycle Frame Building Jig.

https://www.instructables.com/Bicycle-Frame-Building-Jig/

8.0 Pocie, Z. (n.d.). jigs mini project.pdf. Scribd.

https://www.scribd.com/document/331690398/jigs-mini-project-pdf

9.0 Free CAD Designs, Files & 3D Models | The GrabCAD Community Library. (n.d.).

https://grabcad.com/library/bycicle-jig-1

10.0 Wipulaguna, H. (n.d.). Introduction to jigs and fixtures.

https://www.slideshare.net/HasithaWipulaguna/introduction-to-jigs-and-fixtures-

69278551

11.0 Introduction To Jig & Fixture Design By Kempster [q6ngwwdrv6lv]. (n.d.).

https://idoc.pub/documents/introduction-to-jig-fixture-design-by-kempster-

q6ngwwdrv6lv

Why Cycling Makes Sense for Environmentally Sustainable Cities - This Big City