Technical-Vocational Education -
Learning Area Grade Level 7/8
W1 Quarter
Plumbing
4 Date
I. LESSON TITLE Prepare plumbing materials and tools
II. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
Prepare plumbing materials and tools for the task
COMPETENCIES (MELCs)
III. CONTENT/CORE CONTENT ● Identify and select materials and
The learner demonstrates an
understanding of concepts in the
tools.
preparation of plumbing materials and
● Request appropriate materials and
tools using the different forms in
tools.
plumbing
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
I. Introduction (Time Frame: 1-2 Day(s))
PLUMBING MATERIALS AND TOOLS
A. Plumbing Materials
1. Pipes
Line steel pipes are used to transport liquids and gases that are combustible. Standard steel pipes are used for transporting
water, natural gas or steam. Structural steel pipes are often used for drainage piping. Plumbing tubes made of steel are
used to move potable water or waterborne waste removal.
Different Types of Pipes
PVC PIPE -refers to Poly Vinyl Chloride Plastic material. This is the most common pipe for plumbing system.
PE PIPE -refers to Polyethylene Plastic material intended for long span water system installation.
CI PIPE -is a heavy metal made of casting on molds to make fixtures. such as sink, tubs and lavatories, covered with a
porcelain enamel coating.
GI PIPE -is a galvanized iron pipe which is better fitted for plumbing installation than steel pipe. It is constructed of rough
iron, dipped in molten zinc and maybe identified by its dull grayish color.
2. FITTINGS – are any pipe part used to join two sections of pipes.
Characteristics of Stainless-Steel Pipe Fittings
Stainless steel pipe fitting is an alloy based on iron, which combines the mechanical properties of steels and some specific
features of corrosion resistance. These alloys are also liable to tarnish.
3. FIXTURES
Plumbing Fixture - A plumbing fixture is an exchangeable device which can be connected to an existing plumbing system
to deliver and drain away water, but which is also configured to enable a particular use. The most common plumbing
fixtures are: Bathtubs, Bidets, Channel drains (also called trench drains), Drinking fountains, Hose bibbs (connections for
water hoses), Kitchen sinks, Lavatories (also called bathroom sinks), Showers, Tapware - an industry term for that sub-
category of plumbing, fixtures consisting of tap valves - also called water taps, or faucets and their accessories, such as
waterspouts and shower heads, Terminal valves for dishwashers, ice makers, humidifiers, etc., Urinals, Utility sinks, Water
closets- (known as toilets in the USA, loos, flush, toilets or lavatories in Britain)
4. Outlets and drains
Each of these plumbing fixtures has one or more water outlets and a drain. In some cases, the drain has a device that can
be manipulated to block the drain to fill the basin of the fixture. Each fixture also has a flood rim, or level at which water will
begin to overflow. Most fixtures also have an overflow, which is a conduit for water to drain away, when the regular drain
is plugged, before the water actually overflows at the flood rim level. However, water closets and showers (that are not in
bathtubs) usually lack this feature because their drains normally cannot be stopped.
5. Traps and vents
All plumbing fixtures have traps in their drains; these traps are either internal or external to the fixtures. Traps are pipes which
curve down then back up; they 'trap' a small amount of water to create a water seal between the ambient air space and
the inside of the drain system. This prevents sewer gas from entering buildings. Most water closets, bidets, and many urinals
have the trap integral with the fixture itself. The visible water surface in a toilet is the top of the trap's water seal. Each fixture
drain, with exceptions, must be vented so that negative air pressure in the drain cannot siphon the trap dry, to prevent
positive air pressure in the sewer from forcing gases past the water seal, and to prevent explosive sewer gas buildup. Drains
The actual initial drain part in a lavatory or sink is termed a strainer. If there is a removable strainer device that fits into the
fixed strainer, it is termed a strainer basket. The initial pipe that leads from the strainer to the trap is termed the tailpiece.
B. Plumbing Tools
1. MEASURING TOOLS - is the activity of obtaining and comparing physical quantities of real-world objects and events.
Established standard objects and events are used as units, and the process of measurement gives a number relating
the item under study and the referenced unit of measurement.
2. CUTTING TOOLS- is any tool that is used to remove material from the workpiece by means of shear deformation. Cutting
may be accomplished by single-point or multipoint tools. Single-point tools are used in turning, shaping, plaining and
similar operations, and remove material by means of one cutting edge. Milling and drilling tools are often multipoint
tools. Grinding tools are also multipoint tools.
3. BORING TOOLS-boring is the process of enlarging a hole that has already been drilled (or cast), by means of a single-
point cutting tool, for example as in boring a cannon barrel. Boring is used to achieve greater accuracy of the
diameter of a hole and can be used to cut a tapered hole.
4. TESTING TOOLS-used in finding out how well the finished work.
5. DRIVING TOOLS-driving tools help hand tools and power tools work together, especially important for the variety of
drilling tasks that get done in woodworking.
6. HOLDING TOOLS-Tool for holding firmly any material that has to be cut.
D. Development (Time Frame: 15 minutes)
Learning Task 1 - Direction: According to classifications, identify the following plumbing tools.
E. Engagement (Time Frame: 5-10 minutes)
Learning Task 2 - Directions: List down the materials and tools required by the following task.
1. Repair of defective faucet.
2. Replacement of damaged gate valve.
3. Repair of fitting with leakage.
4. Installation of additional faucet.
5. Changing G.I. pipes with PVC pipes.
A. Assimilation (Time Frame: 1 Day)
Learning Task 3 - Directions: Observe in your house and/or your community, apply and execute the following task.
___1. Look for any Plumbing Materials and tools
___2. Check the Plumbing Materials and tools you find.
___3. Classify the Plumbing Materials and tools you find if it is defective or not.
V. Assessment (Time Frame: 5-10 minutes)
Learning Task 4 - Direction: Identify a word that best fits the description.
1. Cutting pipes - __________
2. Measuring the bend angle of pipes - __________
3. Threading pipes - __________
4. Testing the levelness of installed pipes - __________
5. Connecting two pipes - __________
VI. REFLECTION
● Communicate your personal assessment as indicated in the Learner’s Assessment Card
Personal Assessment on Learner’s Level of Performance
Using the symbol below choose one which best describes your experiences in working on each given task. Draw
it in the column for level of Performance (LP). Be guided by the descriptions below.
★ – I was able to do/perform the task without any difficulty. The task helped me in understanding the target
content/lesson.
✔ – I was able to do/perform the task. It was quite challenging, but it still helped me in understanding the
target content/lesson.
? – I was not able to do/perform the task. It was extremely difficult. I need additional enrichment activities to
be able to do/perform this task.
Learning Task LP Learning Task LP
Number 1 Number 3
Number 2 Number 4
VII. REFERENCES ● Barba, Joshua A. , Plumbing, Converge Link Books Corp., Philippines, 2006
● Better Homes and Gardens Plumbing, Meredith Books Desmoines, Iowa, 2003
Mr. Atanacio D. Pagkaliwangan
Mrs. Renelyn M. Bergunio
Prepared by: Lorenzo N. Inofre Checked by: Mr. Andres Sabalas
Mr. Arnold M. Mendoza
Dr. Romeo C. Endraca
