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Exercise 14

The document describes the external morphology of dicot and monocot stems. It provides instructions to identify and label the parts of each, including nodes, internodes, leaf scars, buds, and other distinguishing features. For dicot stems, students are asked to observe and describe leaf scars, stomata in leaf scars, terminal buds, and compare dicot and monocot stem anatomy in a table. For monocot stems, students label parts of the stem and describe the absence of lenticels due to lack of secondary growth.

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Mikhail Landicho
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134 views2 pages

Exercise 14

The document describes the external morphology of dicot and monocot stems. It provides instructions to identify and label the parts of each, including nodes, internodes, leaf scars, buds, and other distinguishing features. For dicot stems, students are asked to observe and describe leaf scars, stomata in leaf scars, terminal buds, and compare dicot and monocot stem anatomy in a table. For monocot stems, students label parts of the stem and describe the absence of lenticels due to lack of secondary growth.

Uploaded by

Mikhail Landicho
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXERCISE 14

EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY OF A STEM

DICOT STEM

OBJECTIVE

To identify the external parts of a dicot stem

SPECIMEN

Dama de noche (Cestrum nocturnum) or gumamela (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis)

PROCEDURE

Cut a portion of a dicot stem and label its parts.

QUESTIONS

1. What are leaf scars? What are they for?

Leaf scars are marks left by a leaf after it falls off the twig. It marks the sight where the
petiole attached to the stem. Leaf scars vary in size and shape and are vulnerable
identification characteristics during the winter months. Leaf scars may also be helpful in
distinguishing plants of the same genus.

2. What are the small pores found in the leaf scar? What are they for?

Stomata are the pores present on leaf surface responsible for exchange of gases whose
opening and closing are regulated by ion channels.

3. What are buds? What are they for?

Bud is an undeveloped shoot that contains an embryonic meristem; may be terminal (at
the tip of the stem) or axillary (on the side of the stem). Buds may be specialized to
develop flowers or short shoots or may have potential for general shoot development.

4. What type of bud is present in your specimen?

Terminal Bud

5. Compare the external anatomy of a monocot with that of a dicot stem by

completing the table below.

Parts Monocot Stem Dicot Stem


Nodes Present Present
Internodes Present (Longer) Present (Shorter)
Lenticels Absent Present
Leaf Scars Present (Circular) Present
Bundle Scars Present (Scattered) Present (Circular)
Buds Present (Not Prominent) Present
MONOCOT STEM

OBJECTIVE

To identify the external parts of a monocot stem

SPECIMEN

Cogon (Imperata cylindrica) or Chinese bamboo (Schizostachyum brachycladium)

RESULTS

1. Draw a portion of a monocot stem and label its parts.

QUESTIONS

1. What do you call the lower part of the leaf which encloses part of the stem?

The lower part of the leaf which encloses part of the stem is the leaf base.

2. Did you find the lenticels? Describe their appearance and function/s

Lenticels function as a pore. It provides a pathway for direct exchange of gases between
internal tissues and atmosphere through the bark. The formation of the lenticels occurs
during the secondary growth of the stem. Since the secondary is not found in the
monocot stem; the lenticel formation will also be absent.

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