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Synchronous Motors: Advantages and Disadvantages

This document discusses synchronous motors and condensers. It begins by explaining how synchronous motors differ from induction motors in their excitation and power factor. Special starting equipment is needed for synchronous motors because they are not self-starting. A synchronous condenser is an over-excited synchronous motor that functions to optimize conditions on the power grid rather than convert power. Some advantages of synchronous motors include constant speed under load and adjustable power factor by changing excitation. Disadvantages include needing special starting and being more difficult to construct than induction motors. Factors to consider in motor selection include power supply characteristics, speed, mechanical design, starting method, power rating, and limitations. Sample problems are provided to calculate motor speed from poles and frequency as well as s

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404 views3 pages

Synchronous Motors: Advantages and Disadvantages

This document discusses synchronous motors and condensers. It begins by explaining how synchronous motors differ from induction motors in their excitation and power factor. Special starting equipment is needed for synchronous motors because they are not self-starting. A synchronous condenser is an over-excited synchronous motor that functions to optimize conditions on the power grid rather than convert power. Some advantages of synchronous motors include constant speed under load and adjustable power factor by changing excitation. Disadvantages include needing special starting and being more difficult to construct than induction motors. Factors to consider in motor selection include power supply characteristics, speed, mechanical design, starting method, power rating, and limitations. Sample problems are provided to calculate motor speed from poles and frequency as well as s

Uploaded by

John Michael Mariano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

GUTIERREZ, CHRISTIAN ANDREI M.

DECEMBER 09, 2022

BSME-SEP-3A SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS

I. Instructions: Answer and explain the following questions.

1. Explain how a synchronous motor differs from an induction motor with regards to its
excitation and the power factor at which it operates.
By altering its excitation, a synchronous motor could be run with either lagging or going to
lead power. Only a lagging power factor can be used to operate an induction motor. The
induction motor's power factor degrades dramatically under heavy loads.

2. Why is it necessary to employ special starting equipment or constructions for the


purpose of starting a synchronous motor?
Even though synchronous motors are not self-starting, whenever a high-speed torque is
exerted to a stationary rotor, the rotor has been unable to give a response due to inertia
and remains stationary.

3. What is meant by a synchronous condenser? What important function is performed


by such a machine when it is installed in an electrical system?
The synchronous condenser is a no-load running over-excited synchronous motor. It can
also be referred to as a synchronous capacitor, synchronous compensator, or synchronous
phase modifier. Its objective should be to optimize circumstances on the electric power
transmission grid, not to convert electric power to mechanical power or vice versa.

4. Enumerate some principal advantages and disadvantages of using synchronous


motors.
Advantages
 Even when fully loaded, it keeps running.
 A synchronous motor's power factor could be instantly changed by adjusting the
excitation.
 In comparison to induction motors, synchronous motors offer a better starting torque.
Disadvantages
 Synchronous motors are not self-starting.
 Induction motors cost less than synchronous motors.
 Synchronous motors are much more difficult to construct than induction motors.
5. In selecting a motor for a given application, what factors must be taken into
consideration?
The factors that we need to consider in selecting a motor are
 Power supply voltage and frequency variations
 Speed
 Mechanical design consideration
 Method of starting
 Output in Kw/Hp
 Limitations and condition

REFERENCES

Difference between Induction Motor and Synchronous Motor - Circuit Globe

What is a Synchronous Condenser? (tutorialspoint.com)

II. Instructions: Solve the following problems. Show your solution. Draw the diagram if
necessary.
1. At what speed will a synchronous motor operate if it has 10 poles and is connected to a 50-
cycle source? a 25-cycle source? a 60-cycle source?

2. It is desired to purchase a synchronous condenser to correct the 2400kVA 0.67 lagging


power factor load in an industrial plant to 0.95. Neglecting losses, calculate:
a) The kilovolt-Ampere input rating of the required synchronous condenser.
b) The total kilovolt-amperes of the plant.
3. Find the value of the impedance in terms of R, ω and C that would be measured across
terminals BC of the circuit shown.

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